FVTHBREKB FHXTDYT,BC HECEKB [TLDF LF888 HTFKJ,F

FVTHBREKB FHXTDYT,BC HECEKB [TLDF LF888 HTFKJ,F

CYAN BLACK
bvbcsfyf ovbylf cfmvtib7 hjujhbw ,tzldehb cbn.dff7 n.ebkt,bs lf zjht,bs ,ehsbc
ufnfyf .dtkf erflhbcj,fpt ecf’fuktcbf8
CFVIF,FSB
V,THB
CFVIF,FSB77 @ YJT
YJTV,THB
V,THB77
@__$ OTKB8
1 @%$ +$)(#`
*
UFPTSB LFFHCT,EKBF !)!( OTKC7
*
AFCB
%_
STSHB
FVTHBREKB FHXTDYT,BC
HECEKB [TLDF LF888 HTFKJ,F
VJDKTYBC OBY
FYE SEHVT HF TIDTKT,JLF FVTHBRBC ITTHST,EK INFNT,C 7 3ITVFRFDIBHT,TKB4 HECTSB HJV FH FHCT,J,LTC
FVTHBRBC itthst,ekb infnt,b ghtpbltynbc cfdfh&kbcsdbc
obyfcffhxtdyj ,h&jkfv vjbwdf8 vtgbfhtsf ueylt,b lf rekbct,cvbqvf vjmvtlb abyfyceh-cfvhtodtkj ohtt,b7 hjvkt,bw lf]uealyty ]jh] ,eibcf lf ]jy rthbc bhudkbd7 uffasht,bs b,h&dbfy fvjvhxtdtksf rtsbkufyo.j,bkt,bc vjcfgjdt,kfl8 fhxtdyt,bc lqtc uflfo.lt,f7 se hf upfc lfflut,f fvthbrf vjvfdfkib8
vbtwtvf itvlujvb ufydbsfht,f ,eibctek utpc7 hjvtkbw vbpyfl
bcf[fdc fvthbrtksf ,fnjyj,bc lfv.fht,fc vstk vcjakbjib0 se vvfhsdtkb tkbnf7 ,jkjc lf ,jkjc7 itbuyt,c7 hjv
fv rehcvf7 itcf&kjf7 ufvjbodbjc nhfubrekb itltut,b lf
fbhxtdc c[df upfc cfufhtj gjkbnbrfib 2 [tkc fbqt,c lbmnfncf lf &fkflj,fpt7 fqfh itemvybc &bhbc ufvjs[hbc cfahs[tc
vcjakbj cnf,bkehj,fcf lf eibihjt,fc0
TC hectsekb ufvjwtvbc 2 3kbnthfnehyfbf ufptnfc4 gjpbwbff8 rjkf;bcfsdbc rb !(^! ufvjmdt.yt,ekb
fvthbrekb gjkbnbrehb rfhbrfnehf
ufvje.tyt,bfs8
bctvw w[dbhb lfubvidtyltcj7 2
itb&kt,f ofvjuwltc rbltw ntmcnbc
ofvrbs[dtkcf lf rjkf;bc lfvyf[dtkc8 hectsbc vbcfvfhsbs7 w[flbf8
vjlb lf7 ye ufutwbyt,f5 hectsb
e.b;byt,ltc dbyvtc lbmnfncf lf &fkflj,fpt0 cf,zjsf rfdibhbclhjbyltkb kfvbc .dtkf lbmnfnjhekb
nhflbwbbc itvyfhxeyt,tkb hectsb
b.jc itvfrfdibht,tk-ufvfthsbfyt,tkb7 hjujhw fvbc lfvnrbwt,f
fqybiyekb ge,kbrfwbbcf lf rjkf;bc fdnjht,c cehs0=
sevwf rtsbk cehdbkc7 se bub
vfhskfw rtsbkfl fhbc xfabmht,ekb7 bctdt hjujhw jwyt,fc7 rfwb
fh vjerkfdc8
SOS
SOS=
HJWF OFVFKB CFOFVKFDBF
UDBYLF smdtyb ufptsbc vtidtj,bs vrbs[dtkt,c dfwyj,js7
hjv cfmfhsdtkjc afhvfwtdnek ,fpfhpt vbvjbmwtdf cfvrehyfkj cfiefkt,t,bc afkcbabwbht,ekb cthbt,b5
!8 thbshjvbwbyb _7@%7 f,t,b7 1!_7
cthbf !@_#_#7 vofhvjt,tkb FRJ
3Cbyntp4 .ehufyb9
@8 ,bctgnjkb $(_ vu8 1@_7 cthbf
@)_#_#7 vofhvjt,tkb 3Pabianickie4 gjkjytsb9
#8 ceghfcnbyb @% vu8 1@_7 f,t,b7
cthbf @!*$!__#7 vofhvjt,tkb eyuhtsb7 3tubcb49
$ 8 k t d j v b w tn b y b _ 7 % u8 1 ! _ 7
f,t,b7 c t h b f ! * _ ( @ _ _ @ 7 v o f h v j -
BYAJHVFWBF
VB[TBK CFFRFIDBKB FYNBRJHEAWBEKB
QJYBC&BT,T,BC UFVRFWHT,FC UTUVFDC
CFMFHSDTKJC ghtpbltynb vb[tbk cffrfidbkb
mdt.fyfib fynbrjheawbekb qjybc&bt,t,bc ufvrfwht,fc utuvfdc lf bvtljdyt,c7 hjv fv ghjwtct,ib fmnbeh vjyfobktj,fc gfhkfvtynbc @$
jmnjv,hbc iefktleh
vf;jhbnfhek fhxtdyt,ib ufvfh]dt,ekb ltgenfnt,bw vbbqt,ty8
cfvujhbc hfbjybc
ltgenfn ubjhub fcfyb&tcsfy7 ujhbc ltgenfn ]ev,th gfnbfidbksfy7 lble,bc hfbjybc
ltgenfn sfvfp ztbidbksfy lf ptcnfajybc ltgenfn stbvehfp wthwdf&tcsfy ueiby ufvfh-
sek it[dtlhfpt7 ghtpbltynvf rbltd ths[tk fqybiyf fynbrjheawbekb qjybc&bt,t,bc ufvrfwht,bcf lf
mdt.fyfib otchbubc uf&kbtht,bc fewbkt,kj,f8
vb[tbk cffrfidbkbc
ufyw[flt,bs7 vfc bvtlb fmdc7 hjv f[fkb ltgenfnt,b7 sfdbfys rjktut,sfy thsfl7 .dtkfathc uffrtst,ty
evfqktc cfrfyjyvlt,kj jhufyjib cfmfhsdtkjc fqvfchekt,tkb [tkbceakt,bc bybwbfnbdt,bc cfsfyflj
v[fhlfzthbc epheydtkcf.jafl8
ITN.J,BYT,F
CFMFHSDTKJC FHMBNTMNJHSF RFDIBHBC OTDHT,C
CFTHSJ RHT,BC LQBC OTCHBUB5
!8 CFR-bc ufvutj,bc fyufhbib9
@8 CFR-bc cfhtdbpbj rjvbcbbc fyufhbib9
#8 CFR-bc ghjatcbekb tsbrbc rjltmcbc f[fkb
htlfmwbbc lfvnrbwt,f9
$8 fhmbntmnjhsf cthnbabwbht,fcsfy lfrfdibht,bs CFR-bc otclt,fib itcf,fvbcb wdkbkt,t,bc
itnfybc itcf[t,9
%8 CFR-bc [tkv&qdfytkb jhufyjt,bc fhxtdyt,b8
CFMFHSDTKJC FHMBNTMNJHSF RFDIBHBC UFVUTJ,F8
IGC 3 VFUSBRJVB4
MAGTICOM Ltd
saqarTveloSi momuSave ucxoel
iuridiul pirTa Semosavlis
dabegvra 10%
dRg
mogebis gadasaxadi
saSemosavlo gadasaxadi
qonebis gadasaxadi
qonebis gadacemisaTvis
gadasaxadi
ekonomikuri saqmianobis
gadasaxadi
sagzao fondi
socialuri gadasaxadi
sabaJo gadasaxadi
daricxuli procentebis dabegvra
reklamis gadasaxadi
adgilobrivi mosakreblebi
saqarTvelos komunikaciebis
erovnuli komisia
sul:
2004 wlis
oqtomberi
2004 wlis 10 Tvis
ganmavlobaSi
50,116.25
2,655,000.00
4,315,126.66
24,491,341.60
20,530,000.00
5,242,962.96
1,389,999.95
185,600.00
1,330.00
21,363.86
271,400.00
382,818.98
11,329.43
39,451.00
344,954.12
1,505,060.74
2,347,400.00
2,798,362.22
108,643.15
181,642.28
16.00
34,033.70
156,657.00
3,753,718.66 lari
1,629,766.73
64,940,657.97 lari
igc 3vfusbrjvib4 lfcfmvt,ekbf $*# sfyfvihjvtkb8
igc 3vfusbrjvb4 veifj,c ,eqfknhekb fqhbw[dbc cfthsfijhbcj cnfylfhnt,bc +,fcc‘-bc vb[tldbs8
LTDBL KB7 utythfkehb lbhtmnjhb8
CYAN BLACK
LQTC hectsb mdt.ybc nthbnjhbbc
vskbfyj,fib erdt vjbfpht,c hectsbc
.jabkb bvgthbbc vstk epfhvfpfh cbdhwtc7 hjvtkibw ,eyt,hbdbf cfmfhsdtkjw itlbc8 fv bvgthbbc fqlutyf mdt.ybc gjkbnbrehb rehcbc ghbjhbntnek
vbvfhsekt,fl ufvjw[fllf888
VT-# UD8
,JKJ okt,ib fhfthsb bydtcnjhb vjtdkbyf hecsfdbc vtnfkehubek rjv,byfnc fqvityt,kfl7 vfuhfv
cbyfvldbktib cfofhvjc lfvfyuhtdtkb fqvjxylf8
bmyt, cfofhvjc ,tlb fv]thfl vfbyw
sfdfl hecsfdtkt,c dfyljs0=
VT-^ UD8
GHTPBLTYNB
IGC 3VFUSBRJVB4 sfdbc
cfmvbfyj,fib bwfdc f,cjkenehb ufvzdbhdfkj,bc
ghbywbgc lf ufodlbs byajhvfwbfc rjvgfybbc vbth
cfmfhsdtkjc trjyjvbrfib itnfybkb odkbkbc itcf[t,8
@__$ okbc jmnjv,thib igc 3vfusbrjvbc4 fv
odkbkvf .jdtkudfhb
xfsdkbc ufhtit itflubyf
#7*%#7*!(8^^ kfhb8
@__$ okbc fs sdtib cfmfhsdtkjc trjyjvbrfib
3vfusbrjvvf4 .jdtkudfhb
xfsdkbc ufhtit itbnfyf
^$7)$_7^%* kfhb7 [jkj rjvgfybbc fhct,j,bc ( okbc
ufyvfdkj,fib +fuhtsdt .jdtkudfhb xfsdkbc ufhtit‘ 2 @_$7***7$$* kfhb8
HECTSB CFMFHSDTKJC
NTHBNJHBT,BC
FYTMCBBC UPFC LFFLUF
,THMF .FTYB EYLF B.J7
HECSFDB HJV LFFYUHBJ
xdtyw dbjwyt,js7 hjv vfhskfw
reyst,pt .eht,f lfbdbo.jc lf ztivfhbnb itvfrfdibht,tk-ufvfthsbfyt,tkb uf[ltc hectsb ]th seylfw
sfdbc cf[tkvobajib lf vtht 2 ef[kjtc cfvtpj,kjibw8
sevwf tc &fkbfy ijhtekb7 vtnbcvtnfl ijhtekb gthcgtmnbdbcsdbc ufvbpyekb bkepbehb jwyt,ff8 fvthbrbc itthst,ekb infnt,bc
vjhbub ghtpbltynbc fhxtdyt,b rb
2 lqtdfyltkb htfkj,f7 hjvkbc
itltut,ptw vfhskfw vybidytkjdfobkfl fhbc lfvjrblt,ekb vstkb vcjakbjc ,tlb8
fvbc sfj,fpt 3kbnthfnehyfbf ufptnfc4 gjpbwbbcufy hflbrfkehfl
ufyc[dfdlt,f 3ejk cnhbn ]jhytkbc4 ueibyltkb yjvhbc ge,kbrfwbf
3,eic vjekjlytkfl ufvjexylyty
vjv[htt,b47 hjvtkcfw xdtyb ufptsbc vtjht udthlpt usfdfpj,s8
CFMFHSDTKJC fhmbntmnjhsf itvjmvtlt,bsb rfdibhbc otdhsf \\6 cfthsj rht,f xfnfhlt,f @__$
okbc !) yjtv,thc m8 s,bkbcib7 cfmfhsdtkjc ntmybrehb eybdthcbntnbc 66 +mbvbehb‘ rjhgecbc cffmnj lfh,fpib7 rjcnfdfc m8 1^)7 cf[tkvobaj ntktdbpbbc ityj,bc oby8
rht,bc vjyfobkbc vfylfnt,b ufbwtvf CFR-bc jabcib
/ @$7 666 cfhsekb‘7
+lfdbs fqvfityt,kbc ufvpbhb ()/
!%7 !^7 !*7 !( yjtv,thc !!-lfy !* cffsfvlt8
rht,bc veifj,bc lfcfo.bcb !! cffspt8
htubcnhfwbbc lfcfo.bcb !_ cffspt8
yjvthib ofbrbs[fds5
EPTYFTCIB VJCFVFHSKTT,C
FVWBHT,TY
CFMFHSDTKJC eptyftcb cfcfvfhskjc #^ vjcfvfhskt itcf&kjf
ef[kjtc [fyib cfvcf[ehblfy lfbs[jdjy lf eakt,fvjcbkt,f dflfvlt flht iteo.dbnjy8
fqybiyekb qjybc&bt,f v[jkjl
bv itvs[dtdfib ufy[jhwbtklt,f7 se gfhkfvtynb 3eptyftcb cfcfvfhskjc itcf[t,4 ghtpbltynbc cfrfyjyvlt,kj bybwbfnbdfc
vbbqt,c8
ghjtmnbc vb[tldbs7 infnib
v.jab eptyftcb cfcfvfhskjc
vjcfvfhsktsf cfthsj hfjltyj,f @% vjcfvfhsktvlt itvwbhlt,f7 [jkj eptyftcb cfcfvfhskjc @_% sfyfvihjvkbcufy itvlufhb fgfhfnb $_ ghjwtynbs
itvwbhlt,f8
GFNHJYSFY 2
RJYCEKNFWBBCSDBC0
UEIBY fa[fptsbc sdbsfqbfht,ekb htcge,kbrbc ghtpbltynj,bc
rfylblfnt,b hfek [f]bv,f lf
cthutb ,fqfaib vjcrjdib xfdblyty8 hjujhw dfhfelj,ty7 bm vfs
ijhbc itb&kt,f ufbvfhsjc rjyceknfwbt,b fa[fptsib cbnefwbbc
cnf,bkbpfwbbc sfj,fpt8
3S,BKUFPB4 F[FK
NFHBAT,C UDSFDFPJ,C
RJVGFYBF 3s,bkufpb4 vjcf[ktj,fc ufpbabwbht,bc f[fk nfhbat,c lf f[fk vjvcf[eht,fc csfdfpj,c8
cfresfh cf[kib ,eyt,hbdb
fbhbc it.dfybc yt,bcvbth vcehdtkc erdt ite&kbf fvbc sfj,fpt
rjvgfybfc ntktajybc cfiefkt,bs
fwyj,jc7 itcf,fvbcb [fh]sfqhbw[dbc vbqt,bc itvltu7 sfy[f uflfb[fljc lf 3s,bkufpbc4
vjv[vfht,tkb uf[ltc8
cfw[jdht,tk ,byt,ib ufpbc it.dfyf lf vjynf;b +ufpbabwbht,ek
rjhgect,ib` s,bkbctkt,c !%_ kfhb lfe]lt,fs8 rth&j cf[kt,bc
vakj,tkt,bcsdbc tc vjvcf[eht,f !*_ kfhb tqbht,f8 sevwf7
fqybiyek sfy[fc .jdtk uh&bd
vtnh vbkpt ^ kfhb lftvfnt,f8
fhfufpbabwbht,ek rjhgect,ib ,eyt,hbdb fbhbc it.dfybc afcb ,byfvlt vbcf.dfyb vbkbc cbuh&tpt
bmyt,f lfvjrblt,ekb8 c[dflfc[df lbfvtnhbc vbkbc qbht,ekt,f
jabwbfkehfl fhbc ufycfpqdhekb
lf vjv[vfht,tkc ite&kbf fvbc
sfj,fpt 3s,bkufpib4 itbn.jc8
BYNTH-GHTCB8
SBYFSBY NEH&TKF&T7
ofvkbc cffutynjc eahjcb8
HFC OTHTY7 HFC FV,J,TY XDTYPT
3BVTLB VFMDC7
HJV [F]BV,FC
VJV[HTT,B
LFIJIVBYLT,BFY4
3DHTVBF YJDJCNTB47
! YJTV,THB8
S,BKBCIB 3dhtvbf yjdjcntbc4 cfresfh rjhtcgjyltynsfy vb[tbk
dbuyfycrbcsfy bynthdbeib fa[fptsib itmvybkb dbsfht,f ufyvfhnf
ufdktybfyvf fa[fpvf gjkbnbrjcvf lf ,bpytcvtyvf fktmcfylht fymdf,vf7 hjvtkbw cthutb ,fqfaibc
ghtpbltynj,bc itvs[dtdfib7 ghtvbth-vbybcnhbc gjcnc lfbrfdt,c8
2 dkflbckfd fh&by,fv ufyfw[flf7
hjv ltrtv,thib fa[fptsib fewbkt,kfl eylf ufbvfhsjc f[fkb
ghtpbltynbc fhxtdyt,b8
2 fvbcsdbc fhfyfbhb cfvfhskt,hbdb cfae&dtkb fh fhct,j,c8 eptyftcb cfcfvfhskjc uflfo.dtnbkt,f7 hjvtkvfw lffvnrbwf cthutb
,fqfaibc ufvfh]dt,f7 cf,jkjjf8
.jdtkbdt bc7 hfw fvbc itvltu vj[lf7 2 duekbc[vj, hfek [f]bv,fc
vjv[htt,bc itzhfc7 ptvjmvtlt,fc
vjcfvfhsktpt7 [tkf[fkb rtyzbc-
.hbc ufvfhsdbc itcf[t, hfqfw f[fkb uflfo.dtnbkt,bc ufvjnfybc vbpybs7 2 lfyfifekbf8 bctsb isf,tzlbkt,f bmvyt,f7 sbsmjc hfek [f]bv,f dfklt,ekb b.j uftvfh]df8
[jv itb&kt,f [dfk dkflbckfd fh&by,fv ufvjcwtc ,h&fyt,ekt,f bvbc
sfj,fpt7 hjv vptv fqfh ufvjfyfsjc0=
2 hjujh ufydbsfhlt,f cbnefwbf0
2 xdty rfyjyvjhxbkb flfvbfyt,b
dfhs lf fxmfht,fc fh dfgbht,s8
fhbc rfyjyb7 hjvkbc sfyf[vflfw
f[fkb ghtpbltynbc byfeuehfwbf eylf ufbvfhsjc ^ ltrtv,thc8 vjdbmwtdbs bct7 hjv .dtkfathb rfyjybthfl b.jc8 bvtlb udfmdc7 hjv hfek [f]bv,fc vjv[htt,b sfylfsfyj,bs lfijivbylt,bfy8 f[kf &fkpt
,tdhb hfv fhbc lfvjrblt,ekb vbc
inf,pt8 cojhtl fv inf,bc ofhvj-
vflutykt,b7 vbcb [tkv&qdfytkt,b b.dyty eotchbuj,bc vjsfdtt,b7 hjwf vbbnfytc inehib eptyftcb cfcfvfhskjc ityj,fpt8
2 vfifcflfvt7 lflut,f cthutb ,fqfaibc [fyf0
2 behblbekfl tc [fyf erdt lfbo.j8 e,hfkjl7 fv;fvbyltkb [tkv&qdfytkt,b dth itktdbfy sfdbfys [tkbceakt,fc8 .jdtkbdt tc
f,cehlekb7 fkjubrehbf8
2 hjujh itbdct,f [tkbceakt,bc dfreevb ^ ltrtv,hfvlt0
2 fhbc ghtvbthb7 fhbc vbybcnhsf rf,bytnb8
2 erdt lfbo.ts smdtyb vsfdhj,bc
xfvj.fkb,t,f0
2 ]th]thj,bs fhf8 ]th thsb7
lhj cfrvfhbcfl fhbc7 lf vtjhtw7
xdty .dtkfathb eylf ufydevfhnjs
xdtyc vjv[htt,c7 hfsf yfrkt,b dyt,fsfqtkdf b.jc8
V[FHT
3RELF BLBJI7 CFBSRTYF04
HECB cfv[tlhjajhvbfyb v&qjkb
b]lf lf [vfc fh
bqt,lf8
2 cfl vblb[fh7
fy cfblfy vjlb[fh0 2 f[kf mfhsekfl lftrbs[f
stveh pfenfidbkb7
iblf mfhskbc cfv[fhtj cfabyfycj
gjkbwbbc jgthfnbekb veifrb8 bc rb
b]lf rf,byfib lf
itibyt,ek sdfkt,c fmts-bmbs
fwtwt,lf8
#_ jmnjv,thc7
lqbcbs7 w[bydfkblfy vjvfdfkb cfv[blbfyb 3pbk-!#!4 vfhrbc fdnjvfymfyf n.dbfdbc cfueifujpt uffxthtc8 &fhfpt njvht,ib % ___ rbkjuhfvb amdbkb blj7 cfvidblj,jt,c
rb7 dbyw fv fdnjvfymfybc fwbkt,lf7 fhfyfbhb ljrevtynb fh fqvjfxylfs8 vb/.dyty ptgbh ufyw[flt,t,c5 amdbkb vt]dhbc[tdbc ptvjs
jceh cjatk qhjvib vbudfmdc 2
/evfybnfhekb lf[vfht,ffj8
ufbhrdf7 hjv w[bydfkblfy ofvjceks thtldbc cfueifuj fh ufvjtdkjs7 fye vb[dtek-vj[dtekb
upt,bs xfvjcekb.dyty n.dbfdfvlt8
cbyfvldbktib rjynhf,fylekb
ndbhsb cfl vb/mjylfs7 fhfdby bwj-
BYNTHGFYJHFVF
FVTHBRBC itthst,ekb
infnt,bc ghtpbltynvf ]jh]
,eivf ueiby cfmfhsdtkjc
ghtpbltync vb[tbk cffrfidbkc ufvjeupfdyf othbkb7
hjvkbsfw vflkj,f vjf[ctyf vfc obyflflt,bcsdbc
thf.ib lfvfnt,bsb ,fnfkbjybc ufupfdybc sfj,fpt8
t,tkb 3nfnmbvafhvghtgfhfnb47
m8 .fpfyb9
%8 htnfhgtyb @ $__ ___ vu8 cthbf !!#@^!7 vofhvjt,tkb 3,bjctvb47 fdcnhbf9
^8 htnf,jkbkb %_ vu7 ! vk7 ptsjdfyb [cyfhb cthbf A!A!^#A
vofhvjt,tkb 3utltjy hb[nthb47
eyuhtsb8
FII bvtlufwhet,ekbf erhfbyfib xfnfht,ekb fhxtdyt,bs7 hjvtkbw fh ittcf,fvt,jlf cfthsfijhbcj cnfylfhnt,c8 vbcb
flvbybcnhfwbf bpbfht,c tesjc itafct,fc
fv fhxtdyt,sfy lfrfdibht,bs8 cf[ltgfhnfvtynib [fpufcvbs fqybiytc7 hjv fii-c
cehc erhfbyf b[bkjc 3tdhjgekb sfyfvtuj,hj,bc sfdbceafk7 lfvjerblt,tk7 ltvjrhfnbek lf f.dfdt,ek otdhfl48
lf8 vfymfyf ujhbc nthvbyfkib vbb.dfytc8
yt,bcvbthb ]fhbcrfwb
hjv utythkj,fpt jwyt,j,c7 fhf[fkb fv,fdbf8 fv
]fhbcrfwt,vf rb rjynhf,fylek ndbhsc hjv fwbkt,lyty7 cftzdjf7 utythkj,fpt bjwyt,jy7 sfyfw
bctspt7 w[bydfkbc cfvidblj,j &fkt,bc utythfkb
rekf[vtnjdb hjvff8 vtjs[t lqtf7 ndbhsb lfrfdt,ekbf7 ]fhbcrfwt,b ujhbc nthvbyfkib fsty-fqfvt,ty7 utythfkb rekf[vtnjdb rb7 hjvtkbw ujhblfy w[bydfkib $_ oesbc cfdfkptf7 vbc vbth ufyobhek
]fhbcrfwt,c fh trfht,f7 fh
tmjvfut,f7 sbsmjc %___ rbkjuhfvb
rjynhf,fylekb amdbkbc sfj,fpt
fhfathb bwbc7 dthfathc [tlfdc7
fhfathb t.eht,f8
cfbynthtcjf7 hjltvlt0
UEHFV GFDKBFIDBKB7
3ch4 vbvjv[bkdtkb8
2
cf[tkvobaj
GFHKFVTYNBC SFDV]LJVFHT
1 @%$7 CFVIF,FSB7 @ YJTV,THB7 @__$ OTKB8
TC THSB OTKBOFLB
HECTSVF RJYRHTNEKB ubjhub fhdtkf&t5 xdty &fkpt vobhb abyfycehb htcehct,b
YF,B]T,B EYLF UFLFLUFC
udfmdc7 vfuhfv vlblht,b dfhs [fk[bc v[fhlfzthbs
NTKTAJNJ8
HECTSIB cfmfhsdtkjcsfy ehsbthsj,t,bc vjotchbut,bc gjkbnbrehb
yt,f fhct,j,c8 fctsb ufyw[flt,f uffrtsf vjcrjdib dbpbnfl v.ja cfmfhsdtkjc gfhkfvtynbc sfdv]ljvfhtcsfy7 ybyj ,eh]fyf&tcsfy ueiby ufvfhsekb it[dtlhbc oby hectsbc
eibihjt,bc cf,zjc vlbdyvf bujh bdfyjdvf8
cfmfhsdtkjc gfhkfvtynbc sfdv]ljvfhbc7 ybyj ,eh]fyf&bcf lf hectsbc eibihjt,bc cf,zjc vlbdybc7
bujh bdfyjdbc it[dtlhfc cfmfhsdtkjc cf[tkvobaj vbybcnhb rjyakbmnt,bc cfrbs[t,ib ujuf [fbylhfdf lf
cfmfhsdtkjc tkxb hectsbc atlthfwbfib dfkthb xtxtkfidbkb lftcohyty8
ybyj ,eh]fyf&bc ufyw[flt,bs7 cfmfhsdtkjcsdbc vsfdfhb nthbnjhbekb vskbfyj,bc fqlutyff lf hectsvf fhf vfhnj cbn.dbthfl eylf cwyjc
vbcb nthbnjhbekb vskbfyj,f7 fhfvtl fv vbvfhsekt,bs rjyrhtnekb
yf,b]t,b eylf uflflufc8
bdfyjdvf fqybiyf7 hjv !^ ctmntv,thc fcnfyfib jhb mdt.ybc ghtpbltynt,bc ,jkj it[dtlhfv ,b&ub vbcwf
3gjpbnbeh &dht,c jhv[hbd rjynfmnt,ib48 hjujhw hecvf lbgkjvfnvf
smdf7 mfhsek-hecekb lbfkjub .dtkf ljytpt vybidytkjdfybf8 vbcb ufyw[flt,bs7 fv;fvfl hecekb v[fht .ehflqt,bs cofdkj,c cfmfhsdtkjc
thjdyekb eibihjt,bc cf,zjc vlbdybc utkf ,t;efidbkbc vbth vjcrjdib ,jkj dbpbnbc lhjc itsfdfpt,ek
obyflflt,t,c8 bdfyjdb ef[kjtc [fyib sfdbc mfhsdtk rjktufcsfy
rdkfd it[dtlhfc lf fv vbvfhsekt,bs lbfkjubc ufuh&tkt,fc utuvfdc8
3lbfkjub thsflthsb upff lqbc otchbuib vlufhb cfrbs[t,bc uflfcfo.dtnfl47 2 fqybiyf vfy8
hectsbc eibihjt,bc cf,zjc vlbdfyvf cbyfyekb ufvjsmdf bvfcsfy lfrfdibht,bs7 hjv jhv[hbd ehsbthsj,t,ib fhct,ekb ghj,ktvt,bc uflfzhbc sdfkcfphbs 3v[fhtt,vf ]th]thj,bs oby dth ofbobtc7 sevwf vsfdfhb gjkbnbrehb yt,bc fhct,j,ff47
2 fqybiyf vfy8
3vybidytkjdfybf7 hjv xdtyc mdt.yt,c ijhbc lbfkjub ufuh&tkltc lf
bv ghj,ktvt,bc vjudfht,bc upt,b
dt&t,js7 hfw xdty udfoe[t,c47 2 uf-
yfw[flf it[dtlhbc itvltu cfmfhsdtkjc gfhkfvtynbc sfdv]ljvfhtv ybyj ,eh]fyf&tv8
vbcb smvbs7 3mfhsek-hecekb ehsbthsj,t,b yjhvfkeh rfkfgjnib
dth xflut,f7 dblht ]th rbltd fhct,ekb cthbjpekb ghj,ktvt,b fh uflfo.lt,f48 3.dtkfpt ghbywbgekb bc
fhbc7 hjv ehsbthsitsfy[vt,ekb
vjmvtlt,t,bcf lf nthbnjhbekb
vskbfyj,bc ghbywbgt,bc lfwdbc itcf[t, ufrtst,ekb ufyw[flt,t,b v[jkjl
wfhbtk cbn.dt,fl fh lfhxtc lf vfs
xdtyc ehsbthsj,t,ib fhct,ekb
ghj,ktvt,bc vjudfht,bcrty vbvfhsekb gjpbnbehb yf,b]t,b vj/.dtc47 2
smdf ,eh]fyf&tv8
* * *
CFMFHSDTKJIB 3uf.byekb4 rjyakbmnt,b 3w[tkib4 fh eylf uflfbpfhljc7
ufyfw[flf hectsbc cfufhtj cfmvtsf
vbybcnhvf cthutb kfdhjdvf vjcrjdib dbpbnfl v.ja cfmfhsdtkjc gfhkfvtynbc sfdv]ljvfhtcsfy ufvfhsekb it[dtlhbc itvltu8
kfdhjdbc smvbs7 vjdktyfsf
vcufdcb ufydbsfht,f mfhsek-fa[fpehb lf mfhsek-jcehb lbfkjubcsdbc lfvqegdtkb bmyt,f8 hjujhw
hecvf lbgkjvfnvf fqybiyf7 fa[fptsbc lf cfv[hts jctsbc ghj,ktvt,bc vjkfgfhfrt,bc upbs vjcfudfht,kfl vtmfybpvt,b fhct,j,c lf fewbkt,tkbf vfsb fmnbehfl ufvj.tyt,f8 3sfdbc v[hbd7 hectsb fmnbehfl
iteo.j,c [tkc rjyakbmnt,bc fvudfh
vjudfht,fc47 2 fqybiyf kfdhjdvf8
ybyj ,eh]fyf&bc ufyw[flt,bs7 jabwbfkehb s,bkbcbcsdbc 3vybidytkjdfybf7 hjv hectsvf lflt,bsb hjkb
itfchekjc rjyakbmnt,bc vjudfht,fib48 cfmfhsdtkjc gfhkfvtynbc
sfdv]ljvfhtv fctdt fqybiyf7 hjv
s,bkbcb lfbynthtct,ekbf hectssfy
vjkfgfhfrt,bc ufuh&tkt,bs8
3ghj,ktvf7 cfvoe[fhjl7 ,tdhbf7
sevwf ,jkj lhjc xdtyc ehsbthsj,fib gjpbnbehb &dht,b itbybiyt,f8
rth&jl7 tc fhbc ecfahs[jt,bc lf nthjhbpvsfy ,h&jkbc cfrbs[t,b47 2
fqybiyf ,eh]fyf&tv8
vbcb smvbs7 ghj,ktvehb cfrbs[t,bc uflfcfo.dtnfl lfvfnt,bsb yf,b]t,b eylf uflfblufc8
BYNTH-GHTCB8
VJDKTYBC OBY
YFWBJYFKEHB vj&hfj,bc utythfkeh
vlbdfysfy7 cfmfhsdtkjc gfhkfvtynbc
otdh ubjhub fhdtkf&tcsfy it[dtlhfc
lblb [fybf utuvfdlf 3cfmfhsdtkjc htcge,kbrf48 ufvelvt,bs cfmvbfy dbpbnt,ib
v.jab f[fkufphlf gjkbnbrjcbc lfvfhnj[tkt,f fhw bct fldbkb ufvjluf8 ,jkjc vfbyw vjdb[tksts8 ,fnjyb ubjhub
lhjbc cbvwbhbc vbe[tlfdfl sfdfpbfyfl
lfudsfy[vlf bynthdbept8 hjujhw vjcfkjlytkb b.j7 bc &fkpt cfbynthtcj vjcfe,ht fqvjxylf8
2 ,fnjyj ubjhub7 3yfwbjyfkt,bc4
[tkbceakt,fib vjcdkbc lqblfy ufesfdt,kfl bwdkbs sfyfvlt,j,t,c8
,jkjc lf ,jkjc dth bgjdts flubkb7 cflfw 3ufxtht,f4 itb&kt,f0
2 sfyfvlt,j,t,c xtvb utvjdyt,bc vb[tldbs fh dbhxtd8 hjujhw ]fhbcrfwb fhvbfib7 bct dfchekt, xtvc vjdfktj,t,c8 .jdtksdbc bv gjpbwbfpt dbv.jat,b7 hjvtkcfw ghtpbltynb7 gfhnbbc kblthb vb[tbk cffrfidbkb
sdkbc cfzbhjl8 vsfdfhbf7 fqt,ekb
gfce[bcvut,kj,f ufdfvfhskj8
2 rekefhekb byajhvfwbbs7 yfwbjyfkehb vj&hfj,bc utythfkehb
vlbdyj,bcsdbc vb[tbk vfzfdfhbfyc fvpflt,ty8 se gfce[bcvut,kj,fc fvfhskt,s lf .dtkfathb hbuptf7 vfiby888
2 tc chekb vjyf,jlbf8 fhfathb
vcufdcb fh [lt,f8 cfrbs[b7 vb[tbk vfzfdfhbfyb fudthxbf htubjyfkeh vlbdyfl7 xdtyb gjkbncf,zjc obyfit vt lfdf.tyt8 vbvfxylf lf vbvfxybf7 hjv bc
fv sfyfvlt,j,fpt bltfkehb rfylblfnehf bmyt,f8 hfnjvqfw ,tdh flfvbfyc
eylf7 bynhbut,b7 lfgbhbcgbht,f stcjc
.dtkufy7 vfuhfv tc fh ufvjedfs8 xdtyc
gfhnbfib bynhbut,b dth &kt,ty8 ths
veinfl itrhekb vnrbwt ueylb dfhs8
gfhnbbc wtynhfkehb ,bhsdb thsb
bltjkjubbs7 thsb vhofvcbs fhbc ufthsbfyt,ekb8 yfwbjyfkehb vj&hfj,f fmnbehfl vpfhlb lf ufydbsfht,flb gfhnbff8 lqtc bub .dtkfpt &kbthbf7 dblht jltcvt .jabkf8
2 ofhvjelutytkbf7 [tkbcekt,f fy
seylfw gfhkfvtynb bltfkehb b.jc8
[fhdtpt,b7 fk,fs7 .dtkf lhjbcf lf
mdt.ybc [tkbceakt,fc fmdc7 vfuhfv888
se ueylb vfhskf ths veinfl7 vnrbwtl fhbc itrhekb7 gfhkfvtynib vjcdkblfy evjrktc dflfib evhfdktcj,bc uf[ktxbc ybiyt,b hfnjv ufxylf0
2 hqdtdfpt7 uf[ktxfpt7 cbcecntpt lf
c[df fvudfh ybiyt,pt cfe,fhb &fkpt
eflubkjl vtxdtyt,f8 fh itb&kt,f7
lhfvfnekb [fcbfsb vbdwts7 se hjvtkb&t ltgenfnb hjvtkbqfw c[df
ahfmwbfib uflfdf8 hjwf wfkrtekb gjkbnbrehb gbhb sfdbcb gjkbnbrehb
vjvfdkbc itcf[t, uflfo.dtnbkt,fc
bqt,c7 fvfib ufcfub;t,tkb fhfathbf8
xdtekt,hbdb ltvjrhfnbekb ghjwtcbf8 cfvoe[fhjl7 flfvbfyt,b7 hjvkt,vfw xdtyb ahfmwbf lfnjdtc7 uflfo.dtnbkt,bc vbqt,bc lhjc fhfcf[tkvobajt,hbdb afmnjht,bs [tkv&qdfytkj,lyty8 vfssdbc sfyfvlt,j,bcflvb
knjkdf7 gbhflb fv,bwbt,b7 o.tyf lf
yfstcfehb rfdibht,b b.j ofhvvfhsdtkb8 hfw vfkt ufdsfdbceaklt,bs fvudfhb flfvbfyt,bcufy7 vbs ertstcbf8
tc vt lflt,bs vjdktyfl vbvfxybf8 evhfdktcj,bc hqdtdfpt cfe,fhb eflubkj lf ecfae&dkjf8
2 vfhsfkbf7 hjujhw utythfkehb
vlbdfyb7 fk,fs7 smdty erts uh&yj,s
yfwbjyfkehb vj&hfj,bc vf]bcwtvfc7
vfuhfv gjkbnntmyjkjut,b yfwvj&hfj,bc obfqib cthbjpekb jgjpbwbehb
vj&hfj,bc xfcf[dfc 3obyfcofhvtn.dtkt,ty48 hfnjv [fhs lfhoveyt,ekb7
hjv tc fh vj[lt,f0
2 yfwbjyfkehb vj&hfj,f hjvtkbvt rjyrhtnekb gjkbnbrjcbc fy thsb gfnfhf ]ueabc bynthtct,c fh ofhvjflutyc8 bub mdt.ybc bynthtct,bc lfvwdtkbf8 vbc udthlbs [fk[b lufc8 xdtyb &fkf [fk[bf7 mdt.ybc bynthtct,bc
cflfhf]jpt lujvff8 tc ghbywbgt,b ityfhxeylt,f lf7 itcf,fvbcfl7 fvbc obyffqvltu ibuybs dthfyfbhb jgjpbwbf
dth bfhct,t,c8 xdtyb gfhnbf c[df gfhnbt,bcfufy bvbs ufvjbhxtdf7 hjv .jdtklqbehfl dfnfht,s sdbsovtylbc
ghjwtcc8 xdtyc hbut,ib bctsb flfvbf-
GHTVBTH-VBYBCNHB
ltk it[dtlhfpt fh ufbpbfhf hectsbc bybwbfnbdf fa[fptspt vj&hfj,bc uf[cybc itcf[t,48
3xdty it[dtlhfpt fqdybiyts7 hjv
fvfpt cfe,fhc fphb vfiby tmyt,f7 hjwf fa[fptsib dbsfht,f lfhtuekbhlt,f47 2 ufyfw[flf ;dfybfv8
vbcb smvbs7 sfdbc lhjpt7 hectsbc
v[hblfy fa[fptsbc vbvfhsekt,bs
cfhrbybupj vbvjcdkbc fqlutyf .dtkfyfbhb cfthsfijhbcj yjhvbc
lfhqdtdbs vj[lf8
BYNTH-GHTCB8
RJYAKBMNBC PJYF
,EIC VJEKJLYTKFL
VJV[HTT,B UFVJEXYLYTY
HF XFBABMHF
FV;FVBYLTKVF UFGJYVF0
qbff se lfrtnbkb hjrbc udbhf,b0
VFHR XFVGBJYB7 XFHKP /FNWKTHB7 ]TB CJKJVJYB7
3ejk cnhbn ]jhytkb4 +fii‘7 ! yjtv,thb8
@ YJTV,HBC ghtpbltynbc fhxtdyt,pt
vcjakbjc vhfdfkb mdt.ybc vsfdhj,t,b lf [fk[t,b v[fhc ezthty ctyfnjh rthbc8
yfrkt,fl sdfkibcfwtvbf7 hjv dfzhj,bc bynthtct,bc ufsdfkbcobyt,bs7
jvbcf lf nthjhbpvbc sfj,fpt it[tlekt,fsf lfvs[dtdbc7 fy e,hfkjl7
htfkbcnehb gjkbnbrblfy ufvjvlbyfht7 ghtpbltyn ,eibc ,fyfrib vjekjlytkb gthcjyf;t,b ufvjxylyty8
bctsb mdt.yt,bc vsfdhj,t,b7 hjujhbw fhbc hectsb7 bfgjybf lf bhfyb7 ghfmnbrekfl firfhfl ezthty
v[fhc ,eic vbcb obyfcffhxtdyj rfvgfybbc lhjc8 fvfdt lhjc rb7 xbytsb7
byljtsb lf vtmcbrfw jwyt,j,ty ,eibc ufvfh]dt,fpt7 jqjyl bct7 hjv
fvfc cfmdt.yjl fh fw[flt,ty8
vcjakbjc cf[tkvobajsf vtsfeht,bc evhfdktcj,f bpbfht,c sfdbfysb
[fk[bc bvtlt,c7 hjvkt,cfw vbfxybfs7
hjv fvthbrbc itthst,ekb infnt,bc
f[fkb ghtpbltynb lfvfvidblt,tk ufdktyfc vjf[ltyc cfthsfijhbcj vlujvfhtj,fpt vfc itvltu7 hfw f[fkvf ghtpbltynvf sfdbcb vjmvtlt,bs ufvjbodbf lbgkjvfnbehb lf&f,ekj,bc phlf7
f[fk-f[fkb nthfmnt,b7 vfcinf,ehb
vqtkdfht,f lf jvb8 vfuhfv fhct,j,c
vhfdkbcvsmvtkb lf [ibhfl cfrvfjl
vjekjlytkb ufvjyfrkbct,bw8
fv jhbjlt rdbhbc oby hectsbc
ghtpbltynvf dkflbvth genbyvf afmnj,hbdfl vjeojlf fvthbrtkt,c [tkf[kf fbhxbjy ,eib8 3yt,bcvbthb
j,btmnehb vtsdfk.ehbcsdbc firfhff7 hjv nthjhbcnsf itntdt,b thf.ib ufvbpyekbf fhf bvltyfl vhfdfkthjdyekb &fkt,bc7 hfvltyflfw gbhflfl ghtpbltyn ,eibc obyffqvltu47 2
smdf genbyvf lf lfc&byf7 hjv nthj-
hbcnsf gjpbwbt,b rbltd eahj uf&kbthlt,f7 se bcbyb vbfqotdty bvfc7
hjv ,eib lfvfhw[lt,f fhxtdyt,ib8
nthjhbpvbc vbvfhs dfibyunjybc
gjpbwbf genbyc f&ktdc bvbc itcf&kt,kj,fc7 hjv xtxytsib ctgfhfnbcnekb
rjyakbmnb ofhvjfxbyjc hjujhw nthjhbpvbc ghj,ktvf lf cfpjufljt,hbj,bc .ehflqt,f xfvjfijhjc bm
hecb cfv[tlhjt,bc vbth flfvbfybc
eakt,t,bc lfhqdtdt,c8
rhtvkc fctdt vbfxybf7 hjv rthbc
flvbybcnhfwbf ffqjh&byt,c cfthsfijhbcj ehsbthsj,fsf ueylc7 hjvtkbw veifj,lf rkbynjybc ghtpbltynj,bc gthbjlib lf eo.j,lf [tkc
yfnjc ufafhsjt,fc fqvjcfdktsbcfrty7 vbbqj uflfo.dtnbkt,f cth,bbc
lf,jv,dbc itcf[t,8 cth,bfc rb hectsb fh vbbxytdc vj&vt7 ckfdeh lf vfhskvflblt,keh mdt.fyfl8
3tc flfvbfyt,b utytnbrehfl fhbfy
hectsbc vjobyffqvltutt,b47 2 fqybiyf 3gjkbnbrbc4 ajylbc lbhtmnjhvf
dbfxtckfd ybrjyjdvf8
sevwf7 rhtvkbc vbth ,eibc v[fhlfzthfc fh vj/.jkbf hfbvt rjyrhtnekb yf,b]t,b7 rth&jl7 fvthbrtkt,bcfsdbc &fkpt cfzbh,jhjnj cfrbs[ib7 2 thf.bc ghj,ktvbc sfj,fpt8
3hect,b vfbyw xdtyc obyffqvltu ufbkfimht,ty ufthjc eibihjt,bc cf,zjib7 lf7 bcbyb hf smvf eylf7 fh ufupfdybfy ]fht,c thf.ib47 2 lfhoveyt,ekbf dfibyunjyib cnhfntubek lf
cfthsfijhbcj ufvjrdktdfsf wtynhbc utjgjkbnbrehb cnhfntubbcf lf
cfthsfijhbcj eibihjt,bc cfrbs[sf
cgtwbfkbcnb cfbvjy cthatbtnb8
vjfvpflf
CBVJY RBKF’TV
RT[DBC cfueifujcsfy dbsfht,f lqtib hfvlty]thvt bwdkt,f8 fm vbvlbyfht ghjwtct,bcflvb jabwbfkehb gbht,bc v[hblfy gjkfhekb vblujvf
f[kf erdt firfhfl ufvjbrdtsf8 cf[fk[j lfvwdtkbc cjpfh ce,fhbc
smvbs7 hjvtkbw dfcbk vfqkfathb&tcsfy lf cfmfhsdtkjc gfhkfvtynbc c[df otdht,sfy thsfl [tj,fib
bv.jat,f7 hjrbc udbhf,blfy itvjcekb fdnj,ect,bc ,kjrbht,f v[fhbc
ue,thyfnjhbc vb[tbk mfhtkbc cftzdj f[bht,ff7 hjvtkcfw fhfathb fmdc
cfthsj mdt.ybc bynthtct,sfy8
se fm vjfhek [vt,c lfde]tht,s7
hjrbc udbhf,bc xfrtndbc fv,fdb vjujybkb cbwhetf7 [tkbceakt,bcsdbc
sdfkt,ib yfwhbc it.hff8 udbhf,b veifj,c7 sfyfw vstkb lfndbhsdbs7 uffxybf7 dbcsdbc lf hf afcfl8
f[kf bhrdtdf7 hjv cfmfhsdtkjc
cf[tkvobaj bynthtct,bc cfpbfyjl
dkflbrfdrfpbc v[hblfy ltgjhnbht,ekb mfhsdtkt,bc hjrbc udbhf,bc
upbs ofvj.dfyf ;bhbyjdcrbc vjhbub
ve[fyfsj,f .jabkf8 hectsc .dtkf
cfereytib sfdbcb ufgjyb /.fdlf7 hjvtkbw yuhtdbcrty lf cbc[kbc lfmwtdbcrty totjlf fv mdt.fyfc8
hf fmdc xfabmht,ekb \6 cfereybc
ufgjyc0
UEHFV GFDKBFIDBKB7
3ch4 vjvjv[bkdtkb8
HJRBC UDBHF,B
CTGFHFNBCNSF ITVJCFDKBC
O.FHJL FH EYLF BMWTC
CFMFHSDTKJC yt,bcvbth vjmfkfmtc7
hjvtkbw hectsbc atlthfwbfcsfy lfvfrfdibht,tkb hjrbc udbhf,bs bcfhut,kt,c7 jabwbfkehb s,bkbcb cbc[kbc cfvfhskbc gfce[bcut,fib vbwtvbs tvemht,f8
hjujhw cfmfhsdtkjc ghtpbltynsfy ufvfhsekb it[dtlhbc itvltu cf[tkvobaj eibihjt,bc vbybcnhvf dfyj vthf,bidbkvf lf ibyfufy cfmvtsf
vbybcnhvf bhfrkb jmhefidbkvf ufyfw[fltc7 [tkbceakt,fc lfeidt,kfl
vbfxybf vjmfkfmtt,bc vbth hjrbc udbhf,bs cfhut,kj,f8
3fh lfdeidt,s7 hjv xdtyb vjmfkfmtt,bc [fh]pt jcvf ctgfhfnbcnt,vf aekb frtsjy lf fv aekbs itvltu bfhfqb b.bljy7 hjvtkcfw bctd xdtyc obyffqvltu vjvfhsfdty47 2 fw[flt,ty vbybcnht,b8
vf.bs vbylf dsmdf5 gfhkfvtynvf lfflfcnehf7 hjv evhfdktcj,fc v[jkjl
[tkbc fvotd-lfvotdt,b rb fh ofhvjflutyty7 fhfvtl mdt.ybc ,tlbs lfbynthtct,ekb flfvbfyt,b8 thsvfytsc
.dtkfathpt sdfkt,c fh lfde[ezfds7
sevwf thsb gfhnbbc otdht,b dfhs
ofhvjlutybkb cfrfyjyvlt,kjibw lf
fqvfchekt,tk [tkbceakt,fibw8 tc
rfhufl ufvjxylf ,be]tnbc ufy[bkdbc
lhjc8 jgjpbwbfc [vfw fh fvjeqbf8
jgjybht,bc aeymwbfc sfdfl dfchekt,lbs7 hjv ufudtrjynhjkt,byf7
hfvltyfl rfhufl b.j fhuevtynbht,ekb vsfdhj,bc gjpbwbf8
2 bct7 fhbc xevb vbsmvf-vjsmvf7 hjv
ufyc[dfdt,ekb fphbc ufvjsmvf evhfdktcj,fib vbeqt,tk njyfl bsdkt,f888
2 qvthsvf lfudbafhjc88 xdty ufyc[dfdt,ek fphc .jdtksdbc vbdtcfkvt,bs8 tc yfwbjyfkehb vj&hfj,bc vsf-
B[8 VT-# UD8
FMNEFKEHB STVF
TRJYJVBREHB SFYFVIHJVKJ,BC
CFMFHSDTKJC cf[tkvobaj rfywtkf- hbc cfhrbybupj vbvjcdkbc fqlutybc
VTVJHFYLEVB
hbfib ghtvbth-vbybcnhvf pehf, ;df- cfrbs[b8 mfhsekvf v[fhtv lqtdfyybfv lf hectsbc atlthfwbbc nhfycgjhnbc vbybcnhvf bujh ktdbnbyvf
jh mdt.fyfc ijhbc 3trjyjvbrehb
sfyfvihjvkj,bc4 vtvjhfylevc vjfothtc [tkb8
hjujhw [tkvjothbc wthtvjybfkbc lfchekt,bc itvltu ghtvbth-vbybcnhvf ;ehyfkbcnt,c ufyew[flf7 erdt uflfo.dtnbkbf ajsbc gjhncf lf
hectsbc gjhnc 3rfdrfpc4 ijhbc cf,jhyt vbvjcdkbc ghjtmnbc ufy[jhwbtkt,f8
pehf, ;dfybfc smvbs7 qbfl lfhxf
fa[fptsbc ufdkbs jh mdt.fyfc ij-
yt,bc ufvjdktyfc dwlbkj,s7 dbyw
xdtyc qbhct,fc cfsfyfljl dth eahs[bklt,f8
2 hfvltybvt lqbc obyfs ktdfy ,th&tybidbkvf smdf7 cek vfkt evhfdktcj,f ,eh]fyf&bc rdjnbc vbvfhsekt,bs ufbhqdtdfj8 hjujh abmhj,s7
,th&tybidbkvf v[jkjl ecfae&dtkj
dfhfelb ufvjsmdf0
2 ,th&tybidbkc jgjybht,f hjv lfdeo.j7 ]th fsfc c[df cb,by&ehtpt eylf vjds[jdj gfce[b7 hjvtkbw xtvb
vbcfvfhsbs fmdc yfsmdfvb8 fv rjyrhtnek cfrbs[sfy lfrfdibht,bs rb cbf-
dfhb &fkff8 xdty dfchekt,s7 hfcfw
vjcf[ktj,fc lfdgbhlbs8 sdfkcfxbyjf bc lblb yf,b]t,b7 hfw fv vbvfhsekt,bs bluvt,f8 ufyc[dfdt,ekb fphb hfnjvqf itudfibyt,c0 xdtyvf vsfdhj,fv hdf sdtib ite&kt,tkb it&kj8
mdt.fyf mdt.fyfc lfdfvcufdcts8 mfjcbc7
rjheawbbc7 cb,by&ehbc7 ebvtlj,bc lf
egthcgtmnbdj,bc ,elt lfdfyuhbts888
2 sevwf7 .dtkf lfyfgbht,b itchekt,ekb yfvldbkfl fh fhbc8
2 .dtkf rjyrhtnekb lfyfgbht,b
itcheklf8 @__# otkc ,be]tnb jh]th
ufdpfhlts8 tc enjgbff7 dth itfchekt,sj7 .dtkf fvfc udte,yt,jlf7 vfuhfv fhfse itdfchekts7 ^ sdtib @@#
vbkbjybs uflfdfzfh,ts rbltw8 [tkafct,bc7 gtycbt,bc lfdfkbfyt,bc ufcnevht,bc ghjuhfvf itchekt,ekbf8
upt,b but,f7 ]fhbc htajhvbht,f [lt,f8 cfmfhsdtkjc fmfvlt vfhskf fh
/.jkbf bctsb ]fhb7 hjujhbw lqtc /
.fdc8 gjkbwbbc htajhvf vfhskf fhyf[ekb vfcinf,bcff lf &fkbfy ofhvfnt,ekb8 hdf sdbc obyfs gjkbwbf ufvj&fkdbc7 .fxfqj,bc ,elt b.j lf fhf
cfvfhsfklfvwdtkb8
2 cfvoe[fhjl7 htajhvbht,ekb gjkbwbfw fofvt,c [fk[c8 fct cohfafl gjkbwbehb vtynfkbntnbc itwdkff ite&kt,tkb7 se [tkbceakt,fc cfsfyflj
yt,f fh uffxybf0
2 xdty ev&bvtcb vtvrdblhtj,f xfdb,fhts8 ghj,ktvt,b b.j flfvbfybc eakt,fsf lfwdbc res[bs cfvfhsfklfvwfd ctmnjhib8 cfmfhsdtkjc bcnjhbfib lqtc gbhdtkfl udfmdc eghtwtltynj afmnt,b8 ghjrehjht,b7 vjcfvfhsktt,b lf gjkbwbtkt,b lfrfdt,ekb
fhbfy lf bltdyt,bfy vfs vbth xfltybk lfyfifeksf ufvj8 tc fh fhbc obyuflfluvekb yf,b]b0 sdbs bc afmnbw7
hjv flfvbfybc eakt,fsf lfhqdtdt,b
abmcbhlt,f7 lfvthoveyts7 erdt lblb
vbqotdff8 htdjkewbfvltk gthbjlib
fsfcj,bs lfhqdtdbc afmnb fhct,j,lf7 vfuhfv bcbyb fh abmcbhlt,jlf8
hjwf gtybntywbeh cbcntvfib dveifj,lb7 .dtkf ufycfc]tkc7 hjvtkbw rb
xdtyc cbcntvfib itvjlbjlf7 &fkbfy
e[tib abpbrehb ptvjmvtlt,bc rdfkb
fqtybiyt,jlf8 fvudfhb afmnt,b fqfh
bvfkt,f8 cf[tkvobaj fvbc xfvltyc
[tkc rb fqfh fafht,c7 gbhbmbs7 t,h&dbc8
vfsb smvbs7 fv lhjbcfsdbc cfmfhsdtkjc [tkbceakt,fv vbbqj uflfo.dtnbkt,f7 hjv cfmfhsdtkjc bc
vjmfkfmtt,b7 hjvkt,vfw hfvltybvt
lqbc oby hjrbc udbhf,b uflvjkf[tc7
lt,kjrbht,ekt,b bmyt,bfy lf cf[kt,ib lf,heyt,bc cfiefkt,f vbtwtvfs8 sevwf7 cbc[kbc cfvfhskbc cfmvt fqb&dht,f bv v&qjkt,bc obyffqvltu7 hjvtksf fdnj,ect,bsfw cfmfhsdtkjc fqybiyekb vjmfkfmtt,b hjrbc udbhf,bc ufdkbs mdt.ybc nthbnjhbfpt itvjdblyty8
dfyj vthf,bidbkbc smvbs7 cfmvtc
erdt b&bt,c cf[tkvobaj eibihjt,bc
cfvbybcnhj lf vjvfdfkibw .dtkfathb ufrtslt,f bvbcfsdbc7 hjv hjrbc
udbhf,b fh bmwtc ctgfhfnbcnt,bc lfvfnt,bsb itvjcfdkbc o.fhjl8
BYNTH-GHTCB8
3UFLFV[LTKB IBYFUFY
NDBHSC VJB[CYBC4
LQTBLFY gfhkfvtynbc rjvbntnt,ib 3fhfltrkfhbht,ekb cfuflfcf[flj dfklt,ekt,t,bcf lf mjyt,bc ktufkbpfwbbc itcf[t,4 rfyjyghjtmnbc fmnbehb
ufy[bkdf lfbo.t,f8 eylf fqbybiyjc7 hjv c[dflfc[df gjkbnbrehb se cfpjufljt,hbdb ufthsbfyt,t,b ghjtmnbc vbvfhs chekbfl ufyc[dfdt,ek ghtntypbt,c ufvjsmdfvty8 [tkbceakt,bc ofhvjvflutykt,b fqybiyfdty7 hjv fh
itb&kt,f fv nbgbc ljrevtynb b.jc bltfkehb7 fctsb cfthsjl ,eyt,fib fhw
fhct,j,c7 vfuhfv lqtc cojhtl fvudfhb fmnbf cfzbhj7 hfsf mdt.ybc fqvityt,kj,bcsdbc fewbkt,tkb gbhj,f itbmvyfc7 hfw7 egbhdtktc .jdkbcf7 ,bpytcbcf lf rfgbnfkbc ecfahs[jt,bc ufhfynbfc bsdfkbcobyt,c8
ghtpbltynbc ufyw[flt,bs7 rfyjyghjtmnb gfhkfvtynvf lfxmfht,ekb
otcbs eylf vbbqjc7 dbyfblfy tc fhbc
3’fkbfy cgtwbabrehb lf ltkbrfnehb fmnb48 ghtvbth-vbybcnhb pehf, ;dfybf fw[flt,c7 hjv tc bmyt,f .dtkfpt
vybidytkjdfyb qjybc&bt,f7 hjvtkcfw cfmfhsdtkjc [tkbceakt,f dfhlt,bc htdjkewbbc itvltu ufyf[jhwbtkt,c8
tmcgthnt,cfw lf gjkbnbrjct,cfw
yfrkt,b ghtntypbf fmds cfuflfcf[flj fvybcnbfcsfy7 hjvtkbw @__$ okbc
! bfydhfvlt fhct,ekb lfvfkekb uflfcf[flt,bc fyekbht,fc bsdfkbcobyt,c8 vfsb &bhbsflb ghtntypbt,b abyfycehb fvybcnbbc yfobkc t[t,f8 sevwf7 vfsb smvbs7 bubdt cfuflfcf[flj
ito.fkt,fw fh ufvjb.eht,f bltfkehfl7 vbfxybfs7 hjv bc [tkc f&ktdc
bv flfvbfyt,c7 hjvkt,bw okt,bc ufyvfdkj,fib sfdbfys ktufkeh itvjcfdfkc vfkfdlyty8 [jkj vfs7 dbcfw
cf[tkvobajc vbvfhs lfdfkbfyt,t,b
uffxybfs lf tc lfdfkbfyt,t,b fqbfht,ekb fmds7 fv sfy[bc ,be]tnbcsdbc uflf[lf itqfdfsbfy ht;bvib7 vfuhfv vfbyw vjeotds8
abyfycehb fvybcnbf fh dwtklt,f bv
gbht,pt7 hjvtksf vbvfhsfw cbc[kbc
cfvfhskbc cfmvtf fq&hekb7 hfw jgjytynt,bc ervf.jabkt,fc botdc8
LFDBS UFV>HTKB&T7 vtvfh]dtyt
jgjpbwbbc kblthb5 3sfdbcsfdfl abyfycehb fvybcnbbc bltf vbcfqt,bf lf
v[fhc dezths8 thsflthsb vbeqt,tkbf bc7 hjv [lt,f ufvb]dyf7 lf dbcptw cfmvtf fq&hekb7 vfc tc fh t[t,f8
fctsb nbgbc fvbybcnbf fh ufvbubf8 fvybcnbf ybiyfdc7 hjv ufhrdtekb nbgbc lfyfifekc .dtkfc gfnbj,ty lf
tc .dtkfc t[t,f8 dtsfy[vt,b7 hjv ufvjyfrkbcb b.jc yfhrjnbrt,bs dfzhj,f7 nhtabrbyub lf ifdb aekbc 3ufhtw[dbs4 lfrfdt,ekb flfvbfyt,bc gf-
ce[bcvut,kj,f7 hjvtksfw fvybcnbf
fh eylf itt[js48
jgjytynt,b vbbxytdty7 hjv ,bpytcvtyc7 hjvtkbw fhfktufkeh ,bpytcib
b.j xf,vekb lf aekb bijdf7 se sfy[fc uflff[ltdbyt,ty7 eylf ufeidfy8 vf-
sb fphbs7 bc flfvbfyt,bw7 dbcptw cbc[kbc cfvfhskbc cfmvtf fq&hekb7 serb vfs lfrbcht,ekb sfy[f uflfb[fltc7 fctdt7 eylf ufeidfy8
.dtkfpt hflbrfkeh jgjybht,fc
abyfycehb fvybcnbbc ofhvjlutybkb
ajhvbs ufy[jhwbtkt,fib [tkbceakt,fc 3sfdbceakt,bc bycnbnenb4
eotdc8 sfdbceakt,bc bycnbnenb fvybcnbbc xbyjdybrt,pt ufdhwtkt,fc ghbywbgekfl tobyffqvltut,f8 vfsb fphbs7
&dtkb ht;bvbc ofhvjvflutykt,c7 dbcsdbcfw cfvfhsfklfvwfdt,vf bmfvlt
dth vjbwfktc7 lfyfifekb fh eylf
ithxts8
YBRJ KTRBIDBKB7 gfhkfvtynbc lfhuj,hbdb trjyjvbrbc rjvbntnbc sfdv]ljvfht5
3fvybcnbbc itcf[t, rfyjyghjtmnib
fhbc ve[kb ltrkfhbht,ekb mjyt,bc
thsb ghjwtynbc uflf[lbc itcf[t,7 hfw
&fkbfy cfbynthtcjl fhbc vjabmht,ekb8 ]th thsb7 [tkc iteo.j,c bvfc7
hjv cfbydtcnbwbj cfiefkt,t,b ufvjvptehltc7 vtjhtw7 thsb ghjwtynb ,tdhb fh fhbc7 vbcb uflf[lbs flfvbfyb7
fct dsmdfs7 ibyfufy ndbhsc vjb[cybc8
ufhlf fvbcf7 bub cfuflfcf[flj cbcntvfib xfthsdt,f8 tc rb &fkbfy vybidytkjdfybf8 bsmdf7 hjv abyfycehb fvybcnbbs lfbxfuht,bfy bc flfvbfyt,b7 dbcfw cf[tkvobajc vbvfhs lfdfkbfyt,t,b uffxybfs lf tc lfdfkbfyt,t,b
fqbfht,ekb fmds8 dabmhj,7 ufvjcfdfkb fv itvs[dtdfibw vjbyf[t,f8 abyfycsf cfvbybcnhjib itmvybkbf rjvbcbf7
hjvtkbw fctsb lfdfkbfyt,t,bc cfrbs[c b[bkfdc7 hfw uekbc[vj,c lfdfkbfyt,t,bc uflfdflt,fc7 cfehfdt,bc
xfvjothfc lf c[d8 fct hjv7 sdbsjy
tc vtmfybpvb fv sdfkcfphbcbsfw fhct,j,c48
HJUJHW vjuf[ctyts7 lqtblfy gfhkfvtynib abyfycehb fvybcnbbc rfyjyghjtmnbc fmnbehb ufy[bkdf lfbo.t,f8 se hjujh cf[tc vbbqt,c cf,jkjl
ljrevtynb7 tc fk,fs fv rdbhfib ufbhrdtdf8
BYAJHVFWBF
CBVGJPBEVB
3CFMFHSDTKJ-BCHFTKBC
RDBHTEKB4 LFCHEKLF
3CFMFHSDTKJ-BCHFTKBC rdbhtekbc4 afhukt,ib7 cfcnevhj 3ithfnjy vtnt[b-gfkfcib4 cbvgjpbevb 2
3mfhsekb tybc ityfhxeyt,f ew[jtsib4 ufbvfhsf8 cbvgjpbevpt itrht,bkvf vcjakbjc mfhsdtkvf t,hftkt,vf ew[jtsib mfhsekb tybc ityfhxeyt,fpt lf fv res[bs ufycf[jhwbtkt,tk upt,pt bvc]tktc8
ajhevbc vjyfobktt,vf ew[jtsib vw[jdht,b mfhsdtkb t,hftkt,bc vbth mfhsekb tybc ityfhxeyt,bcf lf vjvfdfkb sfj,t,bcsdbc uflfwtvbc [tkitvo.j,b ghjtmnt,b
ofhvjflubytc8 cbvgjpbevbc itvltu
cnevht,vf s,bkbcbc qbhcitcfybiyfj,t,b lffsdfkbthtc8
3cfmfhsdtkj-bchftkbc rdbhtekb4 fvbs lfcheklf8
,FYRB
3UFVF,FYRC4 KBWTYPBF
XFVJTHSDF
CFMFHSDTKJC thjdyekb ,fyrbc
ghtpbltynbc uflfo.dtnbkt,bs7 3ufvf,fyrc4 cf,fyrj cfmvbfyj,bc kbwtypbf xfvjthsdf lf ,fyrbc kbrdblfwbbc ghjwtcb lfbo.j8
hjujhw 3bynth-ghtcc4 thjdyek ,fyrib ufyew[fltc7 3ufvf,fyrb4 3fhf]fycfq4 cf,fyrj cfmvbfyj,fc totjlf lf thjdyekb ,fyrbc vbth lflfutybkb cfptlfv[tldtkj rfgbnfkbc vbybvfkehb
jltyj,fw fqfh uffxylf8
thjdyekb ,fyrbc ghtpbltynbc7
bhfrkb vfyfuf&bc ufyrfhuekt,bs7
thjdyekb ,fyrbc cfjgthfwbj cfvvfhsdtkjc 3ufvf,fyrbc4 cfrjhtcgjyltynj lf cfdfkenj fyufhbit,bc cfkbrdblfwbj fyufhbit,fl ufhlfmvyf lftdfkf8 fvfcsfy7 cfvvfhsdtkjv 3ufvf,fyrc4 eylf lfe[ehjc
thjdyek ,fyrib fhct,ekb htuekbht,bc ajylbc fyufhbit,b lf fv fyufhbit,pt hbw[ekb sfy[t,b cfkbrdblfwbj fyufhbipt xfhbw[jc8
GJKBNBRF
3VTVFH]DTYTT,B4
[TKBCEAKT,FC
VJEOJLT,TY
GJKBNBREHB ufthsbfyt,f 3f[fkb
vtvfh]dtytt,b4 efh.jabsfl fafct,c cfmfhsdtkjc [tkbceakt,bc
cfibyfj gjkbnbrfc lf fw[flt,c7
hjv mdt.fyfib lqtc vbvlbyfht vjdktyt,b cfahs[tc itemvybc xhlbkjfnkfynbreh fkbfycib mdt.ybc ufotdhbfyt,bc ghjwtcc8
3mdt.fyfib ltvjrhfnbekb bycnbnent,bc hjkb vbpfyvbvfhsekfl
rybylt,f7 flfvbfybc eakt,t,b vfcj,hbdfl bhqdtdf7 rth&j cfresht,bc eakt,f [tk.jabkbf lf vskbfyfl vjikbkbf [tkbceakt,bc lfyfobkt,bc ghbywbgt,b7 hfw &bhc ufvjes[hbc tdhjgekb byntuhfwbbcrty cfmfhsdtkjc cohfadfc47 2 fqybiyekbf 3f[fkb vtvfh]dtytt,bc4
vbth ufdhwtkt,ek jabwbfkeh
ufyw[flt,fib8
hjujhw ljrevtynibf fqybiyekb7
@) jmnjv,thc xhlbkjfnkfynbrehvf cf,zjv vjbojyf cfmfhsdtkjc yfnjcsfy bylbdblefkehb gfhnybjhj,bc utuvf7 sevwf tc 3thsudfhb
fdfycbf cfmfhsdtkjcsdbc48
yfnjib ufotdhbfyt,bc ghjwtcbc
lfcfxmfht,kfl7 gjkbnbrehb ufthsbfyt,f 3f[fkb vtvfh]dtytt,b4 cfmfhsdtkjc [tkbceakt,fc kb,thfkeh-ltvjrhfnbekb qbht,ekt,t,bc lfwdbcfrty vjeojlt,c8
AFKCBABRFWBF
IEI[EYF QDBYJ
CFOFVKFDB UFVJLUF
ABYFYCEHVF gjkbwbfv s,bkbcib
iei[eyf qdbybc afkcbabrfwbbc afmnb ufvjfdkbyf8 hjujhw 3bynthghtcc4 gjkbwbfib fwyj,tc7 qdbybc
afkcbabwbht,bc itcf[t, byajhvfwbf vjmfkfmt ke,f gjkbfrjdfcufy
vbbqtc7 hjvtkvfw uklfyib vlt,fht vfqfpbf 3vfhbfvib4 iei[eyf qdbyj 3tdhjgf gkecb4 itb&byf lf vjbofvkf8
abyfycehb gjkbwbbc jgthfnbekvf cfvvfhsdtkjv qdbyj itcfvjovt,kfl cftmcgthnj rhbvbyfkehb
tmcgthnbpbc cfvvfhsdtkjc uflfcwf8 tmcgthnbpbc itltufl ufbhrdf7
hjv qdbyj cnfylfhnt,bs ufsdfkbcobyt,ek vjs[jdyt,c fh ittcf,fvt,f8
afkcbabrfwbbc afmnpt cbc[kbc cfvfhskbc cfmvt fqb&hf8
RJYAKBMNBC PJYF
CJ[EVIB NTKTWTYNHBC
VRDT,FDB MDTCFLUEHB
FFATSMTC
CJ[EVIB oe[tk ewyj,t,vf tktmnhjmdtcfluehb ffatsmtc7 hjvtkbw
fhfqbfht,ekb htcge,kbrbc ntktwtynhc tktmnhjtythubbs epheydtk.jalf8
ntktwtynhbc sfdv]ljvfhbc gbhdtkb vjflubkbc7 rhbcnbfy ,;fybfc
vjyfwtvt,bs7 mdtcfluehbc ityj,fib lfvjynf;t,ekb fcfatsmt,tkb
vjo.j,bkj,f ewyj,t,vf lbkbc %
cffspt ffvjmvtltc8 mdtcfluehb yfobkj,hbd lfyuhtekbf8
cj[evtk tythutnbrjcsf jgthfnbekb vjmvtlt,bc itltufl7 lbkbc
fsbc yf[tdhbcsdbc ntktwtynhc
tktmnhjtythubbc vbojlt,f fqluf8
BYNTH-GHTCB8
VPBF UTKTYFDF8
1 @%$7 CFVIF,FSB7 @ YJTV,THB7 @__$ OTKB8
TC THSB OTKBOFLB
BYAJHVFWBF
JGJPBWBF
ubjhub fhdtkf&t5 xdty &fkpt
vobhb abyfycehb htcehct,b
udfmdc7 vfuhfv vlblht,b dfhs
[fk[bc v[fhlfzthbs
+VTJHT UDTHLBLFY`
2 rfyjybc lfvhqdtdb ghjrehjht,bc7 vjcfvfhsktt,bc7 gjkbwbtkt,bcf se xbyjcyt,bc lfrfdt,f
vfhskf eghtwtltynj afmnt,bf7
sevwf crtgnbrjct,bcsdbc vtlfkc
vtjht v[fhtw fmdc5 3thsb itybfybc lfzthbs fs itybfyc e[cyb upfcj47 fv,j,ty8
2 lfvthoveyts7 cfmfhsdtkj bc
mdt.fyff7 cflfw rjheawbf evjrktcb upff wb[bc cfryfvlt8 obyf [tkbceakt,bc lhjc7 hjwf xdty rjheawbfpt dkfgfhfrj,lbs7 rjyrhtnekb afmnt,b udmjylf8 dbyw
lqtc rjheawbbc fhct,j,fpt cfe,hj,c7 rtsbkb byt,jc lf afmnt,b lfljc8 xdty dw[jdhj,lbs mdt.fyfib7 cflfw fsoktekt,bc vfy&bkpt rjheawbbcsdbc fhfdby lfezthbfs7 cflfw vjmfkfmtsf ]b,tt,blfy .dtkfc lfcfyf[fl pjubthst,c vbkbjyt,b ?mjylfs vbsdbct,ekb lf gfce[c fhfdby cs[jdlf8 vsfdfhb lfgbht,f7 hfw [fk[c
vbdtwbs7 fv vbkbjyt,bc erfy lf,heyt,f uf[klfs8 xdty tc itdfchekts8 mjyt,f7 hjvtkbw [fk[c
lfe,heylf7 vskbfyj,fib %__ vbkbjyfvlt flbc8 vfhskvcf]ekt,fc dthw bc flfvbfyt,b uftmwyty7
dbyw htdjkewbbc itvltu vjdblyty [tkbceakt,fib lf lfyfifekt,hbdb upbs vjbyljvtc w[jdht,bc ufuh&tkt,f8 htdjkewbbc lf
xdtyb [tkbceakt,bc ths-thsb vjyfgjdfhb bc uf[kfds7 hjv lfec]tkj,bc cbylhjvb ufmhf lf vfcsfy thsfl ufmhf flfvbfyt,bc bc
atyfw7 hjvtkcfw .dtkfathb tgfnbt,fs8
2 itechekt,tk lfgbht,fsf ijhbc ths-thsb vtofhvtsfsdbc itqfdfst,bc vbwtvff7 hfw cfiefkj
,bpytcbc ufydbsfht,fc iteo.j,lf
[tkc8 fv res[bs wdkbkt,t,b cfuflfcf[flj rjltmcib fh itcekf7
fhflf7 rfhub cfuflfcf[flj rjltmcb
trjyjvbrbc fqvfdkj,bc gbhlfgbhghjgjhwbekbf7 trjyjvbrbc fqvfdkj,f rb sfdbc v[hbd ,be]tnbc itdct,bcf888
2 fv rjltmcib tc itqfdfst,b dthw
itdbljlf8 xdty cthbjpek cfuflfcf[flj htajhvfc dfgbht,s8 vjvfdfkb okbc gbhdtkb bfydhblfy
&fkfib itdf f[fkb cfuflfcf[flj
rjltmcb7 hjvkbc vb[tldbsfw uflfcf[flt,b itvwbhlt,f7 vtofhvbc
gbhj,t,b ufev]j,tclt,f8 flfvbfyc
cfiefkt,f tmyt,f7 cfmvt ktufkehfl
frtsjc lf vjut,f yf[jc8 cfuflfcf[flj rjltmcb trjyjvbrbc ufydbsfht,bc vfcnbvekbht,tkb bmyt,f8
tc [tkofvjcfrhfdb cfmvt fh fhbc7
hjv vjevpflt,kfl7 thsb [tkbc
lfrdhbs itdwdfkjs hfvt8
2 yfwbjyfkeh vj&hfj,fcf lf
vjmrfdibhc ijhbc pjubthst,b
vcufdct,fc [tlfdty 2 tc jhb gfhnbf
thsb sb[bcufy fhbc vjptkbkbj8
2 f,cjkenehfl vwlfhb vjcfpht,ff8 fhfyfbhb vcufdct,f fh fhct,j,c8
2 jhbdt cf[tkbceakt,j gfhnbff8
,tdhb yfwvj&hfj,bc otdhbw .jabkb
vjmrfdibhtkbf888
2 fh vjvojyc nthvbyb 2 cf[tkbceakt,j gfhnbf8 bv ufut,bs7 hbsfw vjmrfdibhb fhct,j,lf7 cf[tkbceakt,j gfhnbf fhfclhjc dbmyt,bs8 yfwbjyfkehb vj&hfj,f [fk[bc gfhnbff8 hjwf xdtyb gfhnbbc
otdht,b flubkj,hbd sdbsvvfhsdtkj,t,ib fy flubkj,hbd flvbybcnhfwbt,ib bybiyt,bfy7 tc fh ybiyfdc7 hjv [tkbceakt,bc yfobkfl
dnhfycajhvbhlt,bs8 flvbybcnhfwbfc dtvb]yt,bs lf dwlbkj,s7 flubkj,hbdb vvfhsdtkt,b dfb&ekjs7 [fk[bc bynthtct,b lfbwdfy8
dthw thsb flvbybcnhfwbekb htcehcb gfhnbfc dthfyfbh [tbhc dth
vjenfyc7 se [fk[bc v[fhlfzthf
fh tmyt,f8 vjmrfdibhbc vfufkbsbs
fvfib lfdhoveylbs8 vfs aekbw
?mjylfs7 flvbybcnhfwbekb htcehct,bw7 vfuhfv [fk[bc bynthtcc fh
ofhvjflutylyty8 fvfy lfqegf vjmrfdibhb8 xdty fhw ufdktyf7 fhw aekb7 fhw flvbybcnhfwbekb ,thrtnt,b fh udzbhlt,f8 c[dfsf ijhbc7
&fkpt vobhb abyfycehb htcehct,b
udfmdc7 vfuhfv vlblht,b dfhs [fk[bc v[fhlfvzthbs8
2 wjnf e[th[ekfl [jv fh ;qthc7
hjv cf[tkbceakt,j gfhnbf qfhb,bf0
2 hfnjv0 tc chekb cbvfhsktf7
gfhnbbc abyfyct,c itvjobhekj,t,b ofhvjflutyc8 xdtyb lfabyfyct,bc vcehdtkb ,tdhbf7 vfuhfv &fkbfy dahs[bkj,s fv res[bs8 itvjobhekj,f efyufhj eylf b.jc8
vt sfdc fhfdbc dfwjlt,8 xdtyb gfhnbf flvbybcnhfwbek htcehct,c
fhfclhjc ufvjb.tyt,c7 hfsf vfnthbfkehb vlujvfhtj,f ufbev]j,tcjc8 hjwf fhxtdyt,b vjdbuts7
ths-thsb .dtkfpt qfhb,b gfhnbf
db.fdbs8 vfiby lfdhoveylbs7 hjv
fhxtdyt,c aekb fh but,c8 aekb
czbhlt,f gfhnbfc7 vfuhfv thsflthsb cfiefkt,f fh fhbc ufvfh]dt,bcsdbc8 xdtypt vlblfhb gfhnbt,bw fhct,j,ty7 vfuhfv888
2 vfbyw dbc uekbc[vj,s0
2 dbcfw xdtypt ufwbkt,bs erts
fmds vjo.j,bkb jabct,b vfnthbfkeh-ntmybrehb ,fpbc sdfkcfphbcbs7 seylfw f[fk vtvfh]dtytt,c
fy bujh ubjhuf&bc gfhnbfc8
3
mdt.fyf
KTB,JHBCNEKB
GFHNBF OBYFFQVLTUBF
3CFMFHSDTKJC ktb,jhbcnekb
gfhnbf4 abyfycehb fvybcnbbc obyffqvltu ufvjlbc lf vbfxybf7
hjv vsfdhj,bc vbth itveifdt,ekb rfyjyghjtmnbc vbqt,bs7 [tkbceakt,fib v.ja vfqfkxbyjcyt,c [fk[bcsdbc vjgfhekb mjyt,bc lfrfyjyt,f cehs8
hjujhw 3ktb,jhbcnekb gfhnbbc4 kblthvf ifkdf yfstkfidbkvf ufyfw[flf7 mdt.fyfib abyfycehb fvybcnbbc ufvjw[flt,bs7
vjmvtlb [tkbceakt,f bv ghbywbgt,c uflfe[dtdc7 hjvkbc vtidtj,bsfw 3dfhlt,bc cfvtekb4 [tkbceakt,fib vjdblf8 vbcb smvbs7
abyfcehb fvybcnbbc vbqt,bs7
epfhvfpfhb erfyjyj mjyt,f bv
flfvbfyt,c lferfyjylt,fs7 hjvkt,vfw mdt.fyfc @7% vbkbfhlb
fvthbrekb ljkfhbc jltyj,bc
cfufhtj dfkb lffrbchtc lf %
vbkbfhlbc qbht,ekt,bc fyf,ht,b vbbsdbctc8
VTVJHFYLEVB
VEIFJ,F EAHJ
YF.JABTHB UF[LT,F
FHFCFVSFDHJ,J jhufybpfwbf 3cjwbfkehb ufyf[kt,bc ajylvf4
ueiby ltlfmfkfmbc vthbbc cfmfkfmj cfvcf[ehsfy ehsbthssfyfvihjvkj,bc vtvjhfylevb
uffajhvf8 vtvjhfylevbc afhukt,ib7 fhfcfvsfdhj,j jhufybpfwbf cfmfkfmj cfvcf[eht,ib fhct,ekb cjwbfkehb ghjuhfvt,bc
vjybnjhbyuc ufyf[jhwbkt,c8
vtvjhfylevbc cfiefkt,bs7 cfvsfdhj,j lf fhfcfvsfdhj,j ctmnjhbc veifj,f eahj yf.jabthb uf[lt,f8
UFYC]F
hectsb cfmfhsdtkjc
nthbnjhbt,bc
fytmcbbc upfc lffluf
HECTSIB bvgthbbc fqlutyf genbybc [tkbceakt,bc &fkbcvt[dbs7 mdt.ybc gjkbnbrehb rehcbc ufyvcfpqdhtk
bltjkjubfl xfvj.fkb,lf8 tc bltjkjubf hectsbc htfmwbek ohtt,ib cf,zjsf bvgthbbc +hjujhw hectsbc
&dtkb bvgthbbc cfvfhsfkvtvrdblhbc‘ lfikbc gbhdtkbdt
lqtt,ib itveifdlf 2 [fk[bcf lf [tkbceakt,bcufy lfafhekfl8
ghtpbltynvf tkwbyvf lcs-c cf[bs ofyfv&qdht,b itemvyf bvgthbbc fqlutyfc9 hfw itt[t,f dkflbvth genbyc7
vfc vcjakbj bwyj,lf7 hjujhw ujybth ghfuvfnbrjccf
lf ltvjrhfnc7 vfuhfv7 cfvoe[fhjl7 vfy dth ufe&kj bvgthbbc
fqlutybc bltjkjusf itvjntdfc lf7 hjujhw tc ,jkj
vjdktyt,vf udbxdtytc7 rfgbnekfwbf vjf[lbyf htfmwbekb &fkt,bc obyfit lf hectsib lfbo.j ltvjrhfnbfpt
bthbibc vbnfyf8
fmfvlt afhekfl vbvlbyfht ghjwtct,b cfmdt.yjl ufw[fllf8
lqtc hectsb mdt.ybc nthbnjhbbc vskbfyj,fib erdt vjbfpht,c hectsbc .jabkb bvgthbbc vstk epfhvfpfh cbdhwtc +lf fhf v[jkjl hectsbc atlthfwbekb htcge,kbrbc nthbnjhbfc‘8 fvbnjv7 genbybc [tkbceakt,fib hectsbc bvgthbbc fqlutyf mdt.ybc gjkbnbrehb rehcbc ghbjhbntnek vbvfhsekt,fl ufvjw[fllf888
OBFQBCTEKB
EHSBTHSSFYFVIHJVKJ,BS
,TDHBC UFRTST,F
ITB&KT,F
CFMFHSDTKJC ufhtvjc lfwdbcf
lf ,eyt,hbdb htcehct,bc vbybcnhvf sfvfh kt,fyb&tv ueiby cfcnevhj 3cbvgfnbfib4 obfqbc &bt,bcf lf ufvj.tyt,bc lfwdbc cfrbs[t,bcflvb vb&qdybkb lcs-bc
mdt.yt,bc vsfdhj,fsfijhbcb cf,zjc vt-( ctcbf uf[cyf8
obfqbc &bt,bc7 lfwdbcf lf vbythfkehb htcehct,bc ufvj.tyt,bc cfrbs[t,ib ehsbthssfyfvihjvkj,bc vbpybs7 fqybiyekb
cf,zjc itmvybc itcf[t, [tkitrhekt,fc lcs-bc vsfdhj,fsf vtsfeht,vf vjcrjdib7 !))* okbc
@* vfhnc vjfothtc [tkb8
ctcbfib hectsbc7 ,tkjhecbc7
cjv[tsbc7 .fpf[tsbc7 .bhubptsbc7
nf]brtsbc7 ep,trtsbc7 erhfbybcf
lf cfmfhsdtkjc ltktufwbt,b
vjyfobktj,ty8 bcbyb @__# okbc
vt-* ctcbfpt vbqt,ekb uflfo.dtnbkt,t,bc itchekt,fcf lf
lqtbcfsdbc vbvlbyfht thsj,kbd ghjtmnt,pt bvc]tkt,ty8 ajhevbc vjyfobktt,b7 fctdt7 f[fk
ghjtmnt,cfw ufyb[bkfdty8
hjujhw 3bynth-ghtcc4 sfvfh
kt,fyb&tv ufyew[flf7 thsbfyb
&fkbc[vtdbc ufhtit obfqbctekbc
&bt,bc7 ufvj.tyt,bcf lf lfwdbc
cfrbs[t,bc vjudfht,f &fkptl
ufhseklt,f8
BYNTH-GHTCB8
BYAJHVFWBF
HJUJHW xfyc7 hectsbc [tkbceakt,f +lf fhfvw lf fhfvw ujybthb hecb thb‘ ,jkjvlt dth fwyj,btht,c7 se hf lfvqegdtkb itltut,b itb&kt,f vj/.dtc bvgthbbc
fhfvwse fqlutyfc7 fhfvtl fqlutybc
vwltkj,fcfw rb8 tc itltut,b cfdfkfkj bmyt,f sdbs hectsbc atlthfwbekb cf[tkvobajcsdbc7 hflufy ]th thsb7 fctsb eueyehb gjkbnbrbc itltufl hectsb vbbqt,c
bvlty 3xtxytsc47 hfvltyb tsybrehb
fdnjyjvbfwff hectsbc ibuybs7 [jkj f[kfl fqvjwtyt,ek cf[tkvobajsf bvgthbfib &fklfnfyt,bs
ithtrdbc vwltkj,f fewbkt,kfl
ufvjbodtdc fv cbdhwtib [fk[t,bc7
cf[tkvobajt,bc cf,tlbcothj lfgbhbcgbht,t,c7 gthvfytynek cfvj-
mfkfmj jvt,c lf
fsfc c[df e,tleht,fc7
hfw cfahs[tc itemvybc vcjakbj vfhskotchbuc7 lf vtcfvt
vcjakbj jvbc ghjdjwbht,fc ufvjbodtdc8
hectsbc rfdrfcbeh
gjkbnbrfib sfdbcb
utjgjkbnbrehb vlt,fhtj,bs cfmfhsdtkjc gbhdtkb flubkb ufytresdyt,f7 hfw
cfvb afmnjhbsff ufygbhj,t,ekb5 gbhdtkb
2 cfmfhsdtkj sfdbcb
utjgjkbnbrehb vlt,fhtj,bs cfvfhskbfyfl bsdkt,f rfdrfcbbc ufcfqt,fl +,ztrfhfl‘7 vtjht 2 cfmfhsdtkj7 bvfdlhjekfl7 tdhjgbc fpbfcsfy lfvfrfdibht,tk
[blc ofhvjflutyc 2
,fmj-ceacf7 ,fmj-s,bkbcb-]tb/fyb7 3f,htievbc upf47 tythujmctkbc ufvnfhb upt,b
xhlbkjtsblfy cfv[htsbcfrty lf gbhbmbs7 [jv cfmfhsdtkjpt uflbc8
hfw itt[t,f vtcfvt afmnjhc7 bc
hectsbcsdbc chekbfl vjekjlytkb fqvjxylf5 rfdrfcbfib7 eahj
pecnfl7 cfmfhsdtkjib7 f[fkb nbgbc
kblthb ufvjxylf7 vb[tbk cffrfidbkbc cf[bs7 hjvtkbw ltvjrhfnbek afctekj,t,ptf fqphlbkb lf
jhbtynbht,ekb8 bub ths[vfl fbhxbf thvf ghtpbltynfl lf vfy vjrkt
[fyib mdt.ybc fqjh&byt,bcfsdbc
,tdhfl vtnb uffrtsf7 dblht obyf
[tkbceakt,fv sjhvtnb okbc ufyvfdkj,fib7 hbsfw lfvcf[eht,ekb
fdnjhbntnb lf gfnbdbcwtvf vjbgjdf hjujhw cfmfhsdtkjib7 bct
vbc afhukt,c ufhts8 vfuhfv tc
fhff .dtkfathb5 vb[tbk cffrfidb-
kb7 sfdbc sfyfvjfphtt,sfy thsfl7
cfmfhsdtkjc nthbnjhbekb vskbfyj,bc fqlutybc upfc lffluf7 hfibw
vfc v[fhc ezthty mdt.ybc ibuybs
lf ufhts8 cojhtl fvbc ufvj fh
vjcojyc bc hectsc7 hjvtkcfw cehlf7 cfmfhsdtkjib hectsbc .ehvjzhbkb .vf /.jkjlf8 vb[tbk cffrfidbkb rb 3rthrtnb rfrfkb4 fqvjxylf7 fvbnjv bub vbcsdbc vbeqt,tkbf lf wlbkj,c7 yt,bcvbthb
cfiefkt,bs 2 wbkbcofvt,bs7 cfthsfijhbcj nthjhbpvsfy rfdibhib lflfyfifekt,bs cf[tkb ufent[jc vfc7 fy cekfw abpbrehb vjcgj,bs xfvjbijhjc upblfy8 hectsvf
gbhlfgbhb bthbib vbbnfyf cfmfhsdtkjpt lf wlbkj,c vbc lfxjmt,fc8
hf upt,bsf lf vtsjlt,bs wlbkj,c hectsb cfmfhsdtkjc cf[tkvobajt,hbdb lfvjerblt,kj,bc ufvfyflueht,tk [tk.jafc0 gbhdtkb 2 hectsb cfmfhsdtkjc vbvfhs
jhvfub cnfylfhnt,bc gjkbnbrfc
flufc7 bub v[jkjl cbn.dbthfl fqbfht,c cfmfhsdtkjc nthbnjhbekb vskbfyj,bc lfwdbc fewbkt,kj,fc7 [jkj cbyfvldbktib fmnbehfl ezthc v[fhc lf vafhdtkj,c
ctgfhfnbcnek ht;bvt,c fa[fptscf lf cfvfxf,kjib8 tctw fh brvfhf lf fa[fptsbc cfmfhsdtkjlfy
cf,jkjjl xfvjijht,bc upfc lffluf7 tc fhbc fa[fpsf fytmcbbc upf7
hjvtkcfw hectsb f[jhwbtkt,c
c[dflfc[df [th[bs8
hectsvf lfbo.j fa[fptsbc vjmfkfmtt,bcfsdbc hecekb gfcgjhnt,bc lfhbut,f lf vfssdbc hectsbc vjmfkfmtj,bc vbybzt,f7 hfsf
hectsbc [tkbceakt,fc cfiefkt,f
/mjyltc7 fa[fptsb ufvjfw[fljc hectsbc bynthtct,bc cathjib vjmwtek cbdhwtl7 fa[fptsib hectsbc
vjmfkfmtt,bc lfwdbc cf,f,bs8
2 lcs !))%-)^ okt,bc lflutybkt,bc cfobyffqvltujl hectsb
vzblhj rfdibh-ehsbthsj,fc fv.fht,c fa[fptsbc ctgfhfnbcnek ht;bvsfy8 erdt fqflubyf cfhrbybupj nhfycgjhnbc vbvjcdkf vjcrjdcf lf cj[evc ijhbc7 vpfl fhbc
fqflubyjc cf/fthj lf cfpqdfj
nhfycgjhnbc vbvjcdkf fa[fptssfy8
2 hectsbc vjmfkfmtt,b7 vfs ijhbc7 vfqfkb cf[tkvobaj vj[tktt,b
b&tyty cfresht,fc +cfyfnjhbevt,c7
lfcfcdtyt,tk cf[kt,c7 cfcnevhjt,c
lf f8 i8‘ fa[fptsib8 fa[fptsblfy
ufvjltdybkb mfhsdtkt,bc cf[kt,ib fh[tbyfl w[jdhj,ty xtxyt,b7
hect,b7 rfpfrt,b7 fa[fptsbc cjakt,blfy cgtwbfkehfl xfvj.dfybkb
fa[fpt,b +fhflf7 obyfcofh itwyj,bkb yfmehlfkb ybdst,bc itc.bldf
lf c[dbc cfw[jdht,tk cflujvib
rfyjycfobyffqvltuj itzhf cbc[kbc cfvfhskbc otcbs lfc]flb mvtlt,ff`8
B[8 VT-$ UD8
VFYFYF KJ,]FYB&T8
BYBWBFNBDF
CFMFHSDTKJIB CFKELT
MTHBC OFHVJT,BCSDBC
RFHUB GBHJ,T,BF
CJAKBC vtehytj,bcf lf cehcfsbc cfvbybcnhj cfmfhsdtkjib
kelbc lfcfvpflt,tkb ytlktekbc 2 fkfjc ofhvjt,bc [tkito.j,bc bybwbfnbdbs ufvjlbc8
hjujhw 3bynth-ghtcc4 cfvbybcnhjc ltgfhnfvtyn 3cfmvby[bko.fkbc4 eahjcvf pehf, xtrehbidbkvf ufyew[flf7 kelbc vofhvjt,tk rjvgfybt,sfy vjkfgfhfrt,t,b erdt lfo.t,ekbf8 mfhsekb
v[fht kelbc vofhvjt,kt,sfy thsj,kbdb cfofhvjt,bc itmvybc
bybwbfnbdbs ufvjlbc8 ef[kjtc
vjvfdfkib rb7 ahfyuek rjvgfybf
3ceaktc ]ueasfy4 rjyceknfwbt,b
butuvt,f7 hjvtkbw fkfjc vofhvjt,tk rjvgfybt,c ijhbc vcjakbjib gbhdtk flubkptf8
thsj,kbdb cfofhvjc itmvybs
ahfyuekb rjvgfybbc itcf&kj lfbynthtct,f hfvltybvt afmnjhbsff ufygbhj,t,ekb8 cfmfhsdtkjib cfkelt mthbc ofhvjt,bcsdbc rfhub rkbvfnehb gbhj,t,bf8 cfcjakj-cfvtehytj ,heydfib itcf&kjf lfvfnt,bs @_ fsfcb /tmnfhb vbobc afhsj,b itdbltc8 fvfcsfy7 fhct,j,c fkfjc
velvbdb ufcfqt,bc ,fpfhb7 hflufy
mdt.fyfib sfylfsfy kelbc ofhvjt,f bphlt,f7 2 ufyfw[flf pehf, xtrehbidbkvf8
vbcbdt smvbs7 cfmfhsdtkjib
fityt,ekb mfh[fyf jhbtynbht,ekb bmyt,f fhf vfhnj flubkj,hbd ,fpfhpt7 fhfvtl tmcgjhnptw8
FMWBF
.JABSB GHJ,KTVT,BC
VJUDFHT,FC VJBS[JDTY
CF[TKVOBAJ rfywtkfhbbc ityj,fcsfy cfghjntcnj fmwbfc vfhsfdc ufhlf,ybc hfbjybc cjatk
ktvidtybthfc vjcf[ktj,f8 fmwbbc vjyfobktt,b [tkbceakt,bcfufy .jabsb ghj,ktvt,bc
vjudfht,fc vjbs[jdty8
hjujhw 3bynth-ghtcc4 fmwbbc
ths-thsvf vjyfobktv ufyew[flf7
fqybiyek cjatkib vhfdfkb otkbf
cfcvtkb o.kbc7 ,eyt,hbdb fbhbcf
lf tktmnhjtythubbc vbojlt,bc
ghj,ktvf uflfezhtkb hxt,f8
rfywtkfhbfcsfy itrht,bkb vjcf[ktj,f [tkbceakt,fc sfyflujvfc lf lf[vfht,fc cs[jdc7 obyffqvltu itvs[dtdfib rb vfcj,hbdb cfghjntcnj fmwbt,bs bvemht,f8 vfsb ufyw[flt,bs7 3dfhlt,bc htdjkewbfc4 cjakbc w[jdht,fib fhfathb fh itewdkbf8
RHBVBYFKB
FVFYFSIB
3/THJBYB4 FQVJXYLF
S,BKBCIB7 becnbwbbc cfvbybcnhjc
1! cfg.hj,bkbc cffvfyfsj jsf[ib7 ueiby wb[tib lblb jltyj,bs
yfhrjnbrekb ybdsbtht,bc itupfdybc vwltkj,bc afmnpt @# okbc
vfvfrfwb lffrfdtc8
hjujhw 3bynth-ghtcc4 cfc]tkfqchekt,bc ltgfhnfvtynib ufyew[fltc7 x[htrbcfc7 fktmcfylht v8-c vc]fdhlt,ekbcsdbc uflfcfwtv fvfyfsib yfhrjnbrekb
ybdsbtht,f 3/thjbyb4 fqvjfxylf8
fqybiyek afmnsfy lfrfdibht,bs
fq&hekbf cbc[kbc cfvfhskbc cfmvt8 ,hfkbc lfvnrbwt,bc itvs[dtdfib7 tzdvbnfybkc !_ okfvlt sfdbceakt,bc fqrdtsf tvemht,f8
BYNTH-GHTCB8
ABYFYCT,B
KFHBC LTDFKDFWBF5
ITWLJVF SE FEWBKT,KJ,F0
OKTEKC bfydhblfy ljkfhbc vbvfhs kfhbc yjvbyfkehb lf htfkehb ufwdkbsb rehct,bc fvfqkt,fv w[fl.j7 hjv trjyjvbrehb gjkbnbrf ufhrdtekobkfl [tkc eikbc
cfvfvekj ofhvjt,bc fqjh&byt,f-ufydbsfht,fc8 tc ufvjodtekbf cfmfhsdtkjib ,jkj okt,bc vfy&bkpt gjgekfhekb stjhbek-vtsjljkjubehb ,fpbc wfkv[hbdj,bs7 hjvkbc
sfyf[vflfw trjyjvbrbc ufydbsfht,bcfsdbc cfzbhjf byakfwbbc vbybvfkeh ljytvlt itvwbht,f lf thjdyekb dfkenbc ufwdkbsb rehcbc vfqfk ljytpt ityfhxeyt,f8
trjyjvbrehb gjkbnbrbc ths-thsb
&bhbsflb vbpfybf trjyjvbrehb phlbc
vfqfkb ntvgbc vbqotdf8 fvbc vbcfqotdfl rb ufycfresht,ekb vybidytkj,f tybzt,f byakfwbbc jgnbvfkehb
ntvgbc epheydtk.jafc7 fye afct,bc
ljybc vj&hfj,bc bctsb nhftmnjhbbc vbqotdfc7 hjvtkbw thsj,kbdb
vbojlt,bc uflblt,bcfc epheydtk.jac ghjlemwbbc thstekbc ofhvjt,fpt ufotekb cfiefkj lfyf[fh]t,bc
phlbc rjvgtycfwbfc vjut,bc cfiefkj yjhvbc itevwbht,kfl8
vfrhjtrjyjvbrehb cnf,bkbpfwbbc
ghjuhfvf fvjmvtllf /bgthbyakfwbbc gbhj,t,ib7 hjvtkbw fewbkt,tkb b.j fv erfyfcrytkbc fqvjcfa[dhtkfl8 cjwbfkeh-trjyjvbrehb ufydbsfht,bc vbvlbyfht tnfgpt7 hjvkbcsdbcfw lfvf[fcbfst,tkbf vtnyfrkt,fl xfvj.fkb,t,ekb cfvfhskt,hbdb ,fpbc lf cf,fphj byahfcnhemnehbc fhct,j,f7 cfvtofhvtj cfmvbfyj,bc ufvjwjw[kt,f lf afct,bc
cnf,bkehj,f7 fewbkt,tkbf trjyj-
vbreh gjkbnbrfib itnfybk bmyfc ufhrdtekb rjhtmnbdt,b7 bcbyb [tkc iteo.j,ty cfvtofhvtj fmnbdj,bc itvlujv fqvfdkj,fc7 egbhdtktc .jdkbcf rb7 cfvfvekj ofhvjt,bc fqjh&byt,bcsdbc [tkcf.htkb gbhj,t,bc
itmvyfc8
vfrhjtrjyjvbrehb cnf,bkbpfwbbc
vbqotdbc itvlujv gthbjlib7 afct,bc ljytpt vjmvtl afmnjht,c ijhbc7 ufycfresht,ekb vybidytkj,f
fmdc thsj,kbdb vbojlt,bc uflblt,bc
gfhfktkehfl ghjlemwbbc thstekbc
ofhvjt,fpt ufotekb cfiefkj lfyf[fh]t,bc phlfc8 tc ufvjodtekbf
sfdbceafkb htcehct,bc fvjoehdbsf
lf c[dflfc[df cf[bc vjvcf[eht,fpt
lfyf[fh]t,bc7 fuhtsdt vj&dtkt,ekb
vfymfyf-vjo.j,bkj,t,bc tmcgkefnfwbbcf lf f[fkb ntmybrbc lfythudbc
[fh]t,bc uflblt,bs8
fvbnjv7 byakfwbbc ntvgbc htuekbht,bcfc ufsdfkbcobyt,ekb eylf
b.jc hjujhw aekflb afmnjht,b7
fuhtsddt thsj,kbd vbojlt,fpt ptvjmvtlb tuhts ojlt,ekb 3afcofhvjvmvytkb4 afmnjht,bw8
fqybiyekblfy ufvjvlbyfht7 byakfwbbc ntvgbc itvwbht,f 3vwjwfdb4
byakfwbbc itcf,fvbc ljytvlt +okbehb @-# ghjwtynbc afhukt,ib‘7 cfbsrtyfw xdtysfy ,jkj okt,bc ufyvfdkj,fib rehcbf fqt,ekb7 fh ittcf,fvt,f flubkj,hbdb cfmjytkofhvjt,bc fqjh&byt,bc bynthtct,c8
byakfwbbc ntvgbc vbybvfkehb ljybc vbqotdfc tvcf[eht,f kfhbc yjvbyfkehb lf htfkehb ufwdkbsb
rehct,bc fvfqkt,f lf vfsb vfqfk
ljytpt ityfhxeyt,f8 [tkjdyehfl vf-
qfkb lf cnf,bkehb ufwdkbsb rehcbc
gbhj,t,ib byakfwbbc ptojkf dkbylt,f bvgjhnbc cfcfhut,kj cfufhtj
lbc,fkfycib7 fuhtsdt ,be]tnbc ltabwbnbc lfcfabyfyct,kfl lf thjdyekb dfkenbc rehcbc fcfvfqkt,kfl
ew[jehb ctc[t,bcf lf lf[vfht,t,bc
ufevfhskt,tk vjpbldfib8 kfhbc yjvbyfkehb ufwdkbsb rehcbc fvfqkt,bc upbs byakfwbbc xf[ij,f rb bodtdc byakfwbbc ntvgbc vbybvfkeh ljytvlt itvwbht,fc7 vfuhfv fvfdt lhjc
kfhbc htfkehb ufwdkbsb rehcbc
fvfqkt,bc itltufl ufyfgbhj,t,c cfvfvekj ghjlemwbbc rjyrehtyneyf-
hbfyj,bc itvwbht,fc7 hbsfw [tkc
eikbc trjyjvbrbc ufydbsfht,fc lf
cfae&dtkc mvybc vjvfdfkib ufwdkbsb
rehct,bc vrdtshb vth.tj,bcsdbc8
vbvlbyfht okbc lfcfo.bcblfy kfhbc yjvbyfkehb lf htfkehb ufwdkbsb rehcbc fvfqkt,fv vybidytkjdfyb lfhn.vf vbf.tyf cfvfvekj
cfmjytkofhvjt,fcf lf tmcgjhnc7 [jkj vjut,ekb lfhxyty bvgjhnbjht,b lf cfdfkenj rehct,bc vrdtshb
h.tdt,bs lfbynthtct,ekb abyfycehb
]ueat,b8
hjltcfw thjdyekb dfkenbc htfkehb ufwdkbsb rehcbc fvfqkt,f
ufvjodtekbf cfvfvekj ghjlemwbbc rjyrehtyneyfhbfyj,bc fvfqkt,bsf lf vfcpt vjs[jdybc uflblt,bs7 vfiby tc yjhvfkehb cbnefwbff7
vfuhfv hjwf bub ufvjodtekbf c[df
afmnjht,bs7 v8 i8 thjdyekb dfkenbc ltabwbnbs7 vfiby bodtdc cfvfvekj ofhvjt,bc rjyrehtyneyfhb-
fyj,bc lfwtvfc7 tmcgjhnbc itpqeldfcf lf bvgjhnbc of[fkbct,fc8 hjwf
thjdyekb dfkenbc htfkehb ufwdkbsb rehcb vfqfkbf7 vfiby ew[jehb
cfmjytkb itlfht,bs bfabf7 cfvfvekj
yfofhvb rb 2 &dbhb8
fvbnjv7 trjyjvbrehb ufydbsfht,bc
vbvlbyfht tnfgpt egbhdtktc fvjwf-
yfl vbudfxybf .ehflqt,bc ufvf[dbkt,f trjyjvbrehb phlbc ofvf[fkbct,tkb qjybc&bt,t,bc ufy[jhwbtkt,fpt8 fmtlfy evybidytkjdfytcbf ufwdkbsb rehcbc ufysfdbceakt,f 3vwjwfdb4 byakfwbbc afhukt,ib byakfwbbc rjynhjkbc bycnhevtynbc aeymwbbcufy7 fye cfzbhjf kfhbc ltdfkdfwbf ljkfhsfy vbvfhst,fib8 cfdfkenj gjkbnbrbc vtidtj,bs ljkfhsfy vbvfhst,fib kfhbc utuvfpjvbthb ufeafceht,f +sdtib thsb
ghjwtynbc afhukt,ib‘7 fh ufvjbodtdc
afct,bc ljybc itcf,fvbcb ntvgbs fvfqkt,fc8 bub &bhbsflfl ptvjmvtlt,fc
vjf[ltyc bvgjhnekb cfmjykbc afcpt7
[jkj cfvfvekj ghjlemwbfpt afct,b fvfqklt,f itlfht,bs evybidytkjl7 dbyfblfy flubkj,hbdb ofhvjt,f7 cfdfkenj ,fpfhpt vjv[lfh
fcts wdkbkt,t,c egfce[t,c hjujhw
afct,bc7 fuhtsdt cfmjykbc vbojlt,bc
uflblt,bs8
afct,bc ljybc fvfqkt,fcsfy itlfht,bs kfhbc yjvbyfkehb ufwdkbsb rehcbc eahj cohfab ntvgbs
itvwbht,f ufvjbodtdc kfhbc htfkehb ufwdkbsb rehcbc itvwbht,fc7 hbc itltuflfw cfvfvekj lf
bvgjhnek cfmjytkc ijhbc ofhvjbmvyt,f itafhlt,bsb afct,bc bctsb
wdkbkt,f7 hjvtkbw bvgjhneksfy
itlfht,bs uffbfat,c mfhsek cfmjytkc lf off[fkbct,c cfvfvekj cfmjytkofhvjt,fc7 fuhtsdt cfcfmjykj
tmcgjhnc8 tc cf,jkjj fyufhbibs
cfufhtj dfzhj,bcf lf vbvlbyfht jgthfwbt,bc efh.jabsb ,fkfycbc fqvja[dhfc iteo.j,c [tkc8
kfhbc yjvbyfkehb ufwdkbsb rehcbc fvfqkt,bc &bhbsflb vbptpbf
thjdyekb dfkenbc ltabwbnb7 hfibw7
hjujhw vfcvtlbbc vtidtj,bs ufw[fllf7 vybidytkjdfyb odkbkb itbnfyf abyfycsf cfvbybcnhjv8 vfy abyfyct,bc cathjib ufhrdtekb otchbubc
lfv.fht,bc itltufl it&kj lblb hfjltyj,bc aekflb cf[cht,bc vj,bkbpt,f7 hfw vbcfcfkvt,tkbf7 vfuhfv7
fvfcsfy7 hfnjvqfw dth vjf[th[f vbvjmwtdfib vbcb lhjekb lf,heyt,f8 aekflvf ibvibkvf ufvjbodbf abyfycehb ,fphbc ltpjhufybpfwbf lf
vybidytkjdfyb pbfyb vbf.tyf trjyjvbrfc8
dbyfblfy abyfycsf cfvbybcnhjc fyufhbipt sfdvj.hbkb cf[cht,bc vbvjmwtdfib lf,heyt,f v[jkjl lhjbc
ghj,ktvfc ofhvjflutyc lf yt,bcvbth vjvtynib b.j vjcfkjlytkb7
fvbnjv thjdyekb ,fyrbc lflfyfifekt,f fudbcnj-ctmntv,hbc vjdktyt,ib fh itb&kt,f8 kfhbc yjvbyfkehb ufwdkbsb rehcbc fvfqkt,bcsdbc [tkbc itikbc vbpybs7 thjdyekb ,fyrbc vbth kfhbc lfvfnt,bsb vjwekj,bc vbvjmwtdfib ufidt,f lfrfdibht,ekb b.j vfqfk hbcrsfy7 hflufyfw abyfycsf cfvbybcnhjc fyufhbipt 3uf.byekb4 cf[cht,bc ,heydfib lf,heyt,bcfc vbvjmwtdfib ths,fifl sfdc vjb.hblf lblb
hfjltyj,bc aekflb vfcf7 hfw fewbkt,kfl ufvjbodtdlf byakfwbbc ,evc8
vbvlbyfht tnfgbc egbhdtktc fvjwfyfl vbudfxybf bvbc ufhrdtdf7 se
hf eahj vybidytkjdfybf5 byakfwbbc
ntvgbc vbybvfkehb7 yekjdfy ljytvlt
itvwbht,f lf kfhbc ufwdkbsb rehcbc
vfqfk ljytpt [tkjdyehb ityfhxeyt,f7 se byakfwbbc pjvbthb ntvgbc
+okbehb !_-@_ ghjwtynbc afhukt,ib‘
epheydtk.jaf lf kfhbc yjvbyfkehb
lf htfkehb ufwdkbsb rehct,bc tnfgj,hbdb ltdfkdfwbf +sdtib thsb
ghjwtynbc afhukt,ib‘8 fqybiyekb
cfrbs[bc ufy[bkdfib vjyfobktj,f
eylf vbbqjy thjdyekvf ,fyrvf7 trjyjvbrehb ghjabkbc cfvbybcnhjt,vf7
cfgfhkfvtynj rjvbntnt,vf7 cfvtwybthj-rdktdbsvf bycnbnent,vf lf
vtwybth-trjyjvbcnt,vf8 gbhflfl xdty
dtv[hj,bs vtjht sdfkcfphbcc lf
vbudfxybf7 hjv vbc cfcfhut,kjl ptvjfqybiyek eo.t,t,ib thsbfyb fphbc
xfvj.fkb,t,bc itvs[dtdfib thjdyekb
,fyrb7 hjvtkvfw vfrhjtrjyjvbrehb cnf,bkbpfwbbc ghjuhfvbc htf-
kbpfwbbc lfo.t,bc gthbjlblfy ,jkj
lhjvlt gbhyfskfl itfchekf sfdbcb vjdfktj,f +cf.jdtksfj trjyjvbrehb mfjcbc gbhj,t,ib kfhbc
cnf,bkehb ufwdkbsb rehcbc ityfhxeyt,f‘7 it&kt,c cfthsfijhbcj cfabyfycj jhufybpfwbt,c lfvf]tht,tkb
fhuevtynt,bs lfevnrbwjc aekflcfrhtlbnj lf cfdfkenj gjkbnbrbc
cathjt,ib thjdyekb vtehytj,bc ufydbsfht,bcfsdbc cfcbwjw[kjl fewbkt,tkb wdkbkt,t,bc ufy[jhwbtkt,bc fewbkt,kj,f8
kfhbc ltdfkdfwbbcfc7 hf smvf eylf7 ghj,ktvt,b ofhvjbmvyt,f abyfycsf cfvbybcnhjc vbth tvbnbht,ekb
cf[fpbyj dfklt,ekt,t,bc7 [tkafct,bcf lf cjwbfkehb lf[vfht,t,bc ufeafceht,fcsfy7 fuhtsdt rjvthwbek ,fyrt,ib ufysfdct,ek fyf,ht,pt lf ufwtvek rhtlbnt,pt cfltgjpbnj lf cf,fyrj ghjwtynbc htfkehb
ufyfrdtst,bc itvwbht,fcsfy lfrfdibht,bs7 vfuhfv vfsb uflfzhf itcf&kt,kfl vbudfxybf vfsb byltmcfwbbc upbs 2 byakfwbbc ntvgbc ufsdfkbcobyt,bc cfae&dktpt8
vbpfyitojybkbf byakfwbbc lf,fkb
ntvgbsf lf kfhbc yjvbyfkehb ufwdkbsb rehcbc vfqfkb ljybs ufygbhj,t,ekb cfhut,tkb lf lfyfrfhut,b itelfhltc pjvbthb byakfwbbsf lf kfhbc ltdfkdfwbbs ufygbhj,t,ek cfhut,tkcf lf lfyf[fh]t,c8 xdtyb fphbs7 erfyfcrytk itvs[dtdfib cfhut,tkb ,tdhfl vtnb bmyt,f lfyfrfhut,pt8
LTVYF RDFHFW[TKBF7
d8 vtkmf&bc cf[tkj,bc cjwbfkehtrjyjvbrehb lf htubjyekb
ghj,ktvt,bc cfvtwybthjrdktdbsb bycnbnenbc ofv.dfyb
vtwybth-sfyfvihjvtkb7
trjyjvbreh vtwybtht,fsf
rfylblfnb8
4
w[jdht,f
;EHYFKBCNB VBDKBYT,BLFY LF,HEYLF
BYAJHVFWBF
#8 xmdfkthb7 ]dfhb7
ofkty]b[f888 ,hfncrb=
3888lf vbvfmdc abmhb ofkty]b[fpt8884
NTHTYNB UHFYTKB8
>DBHFC vsfpt7 mefmfywfkbfc xhlbkmdti dbc[tlbs vt lf xtvb obyfgfhb7 .fve ababf lf rjk[tsc uflfd.eht,lbs8 ijhc ifdb pqdbc keh]
nfkqt,pt bhtrkt,jlf ieflqbc sfrfhf vpt8
3cfsbhj byzblfy4 cfcbfvjdyj7
uhbkb ybfdb udb,thfdlf8 cbvodfybc ,ehecib uf[dtekb lf,kj,b7
sbsmjc7 yf,b]-yf,b] vjbotdlf fqvfhs-fqvfhs lf kfrflfc vbe.dt,jlf7 dbsfhwf ktutylf ufhlfcek
lqtsf8 bm7 cflqfw7 vfhw[ybd uf,fhc
ufcltdlf me]bc wb[bc ufkfdfyb7 2
e&dtktcb yjmfkfmtdb7 fhmtjgjkbcb7 /jhbpjync itzblt,jlyty I[tabc
wb[t7 wb[t zfmdby]bcf lf ]b[firfhbc888[tkbc uekpt xfylf vstkb
rjk[tsb888
BYOBHFC [TJ,F8
2 .fve ,f,e7 veib vfcmdfvf ht st
mbfyf=88 2 .fve ,f,ef7 hfathb kfvfpbf tc mdt.fyf-vtsmb7 vbyljlf
vtsmdf8 okt,bc obyfs7 fvfdt fkfublfy qfvtekb dfhcrdkfdt,bs vjztlbkb wbcmdtitsblfy rjk[tsc
hjv uflfd.eht,lbs7 vfiby smdf
.fve ,f,ev fctsb ahfpf lf bubdt
ufdbvtjht f[kfw888
2 fvfc fh /mdbf7 mbfyf7 ,f,e= 3mbfyfc4 wf7 dfhcrdkfdt,b lf vbof thsfl hjv xfyc7 bvfc t’f[bfy888 hfcfw f[kf d[tlfds7 3lb[fvfyufhb4
/mdbf7 ,f,e= 2 ]th bctd chekbfl
.vfodbkb db.fdb7 hjv itdgfce[t,jlb vtw[ht fstekib uflfvluf-
hb obyfghbc yfsmdfvc7 vfuhfv ujyt,fib cfvfhflbcjl xfvt,tzlf 3mbfyfc4 lf 3lb[fvfyufhbc4 ehsbthsitlfht,f8
fh dbwb7 cfblfy bwjlf .fve ,f,ev 3mbfyfcf4 lf 3lb[fvfyufhbc4
fv,fdb fct lfhoveyt,bs7 vfuhfv vtht7 okt,bc itvltu7 hjltcfw e&dtktc ievthsf ajkbfynt,c vfwyj,lyty vtbcnjhbtsf vbth vbc[fkvbc[fk frby&ekb yfihjvt,b7 vtw
itdflfht 3mbfyf4 lf 3lb[fvfyufhb4 +v.fhb vbof‘ thsvfytsc7 xdtyc
ath[sbs vlt,fht 3vbof-v.fhb4 lf
3mdt-.fyf=4
888ievtht,b fv,j,lyty5 2 sfdblfy
b.jj 3f,pe4 2 vfhflbekb o.fkb=
itvltu ufyb.j bub lf vbsjkjubfc
vjtdkbyf cfvthscf[jdfy qvthsfl
2 3fy4-wbc7 wtw[kbcf lf cbyfskbc qvthsb7
qvthsb eptyftcb9 3mb4 2 qvthsb vbobcf7 .jdtkbdt v.fhbcf lf
3tf47 fye 3f4 2
qvthsb o.kbc
cnbmbbcf7 hjvtksfufyfw bidf .jdtkb=
hjltcfw ufyut,fv flfvbfybw
vjfdkbyf7 vfc
erdt
utyt,ib
?mjylf egbhdtktcbcflvb sf.dfybcwtvf8 3fy4
qvthsb b.j tc
eptyftcb7 vjobot,bcf lf ibibc
cbv,jkj= vtht7
ijhb txdtyfs
vjrdlfds 3fy4vlt 3cfdfkb upf4
lf vfsfw ef[kjtc qvthsc
vbvfhstc dtlht,bs8 tc qvthsb
b.j 3mb47 qvthsb vbobcf7 hjvtkptlfw tlufs
atcdt,b7 qvthsb
ef[kjtcb lf [bkekb8 lf lfkfulf cf[tklt,f qvthsbcf fct7
2 vbobc qvthsb7 wbc lf wtw[kbc
qvthsb7 lf qvthsb s[tdflbcf7
o.kbcf=
thsflthsvf7 evlblhtcvf mfhsekvf tyfv itvjudbyf[f e&dtktc
ievthsf cfvcf[bthb qvthsbc ths
cbn.dfib smvekb cf[tkb7 2 tc cbn.df fhbc vtuhekb 3mb-fy-f4=
fct hjv7 mfhsdtkehb njvt,b velfv fvf.j,lyty qvthst,sfy cbf[kjdbs lf itvs[dtdbsb fh fhbc
bcbw7 qdsbcvij,kbc obk[dtlhb
hjv fhbc xdtyb cfvij,kj8 fhw bc7
hjv ltlfsf ijhbc eovbyltcvf lf
eytnfhtcvf7 sfdbcbdt cbwjw[ktib
1 @%$7 CFVIF,FSB7 @ YJTV,THB7 @__$ OTKB8
ufvjfupfdyf fv v[fhtib vjwbmeksf
cojhyb7 fylhbf gbhdtkojlt,ekb
lf cbvjy rfyfytkb mhbcntc vj&qdht,bsf lf [tksemvytkb ]dfhbs
fqptdt,ekyb8
f[kf rdkfd fvjdtlb .dbhfc vsfpt8 dlufdfh cfjwfh vjmfyfdt rkltkjlsfy7 3mefmfywfkbfcsfy4 lf
rdkfd uflfd.eht, rjk[tsc7 hjvkbc thsb ekfvfptcb rblt-ufybf
lqtdfyltkb ofkty]b[bc hfbjyb8
xhlbkjtsbs rfdrfcbjybc vsfdfhb mtl-uf,fhbf ei,bsf lf stsyeklbs7 fbkfvfsb lf I[fhbs9 kfrevehfcf lf zbsfudfkfc vodthdfksf
cfyf[t,ib xfvlufhf nj,fdfhx[bkb7
2 vodthdfksf cfeakjib dthw[kfl lf bfueylfl xfqdhbkb7 ktutylt,bs cfdct n,f8 [tj,bc ufcf.fhsfy vfufyf thsdbc tyuehc8 jwlffsbfy okt,ib fm jmhjcvjvgjdt,kt,b bluyty8 xdtyb otksfqhbw[dbc gbhdtkb cfereybc ief[fyt,ib
rb fm fqevfhsfds ovbylf vfvt,c
]dfhb mhbcntcb7 lf ]dfhb eojlt,bfs fv fkfubcsdbc7 3jmhjc cfovbcbc4 ktutylbc thsb dfhbfynb rb
bvfcfw fv,j,c7 2 tyuehbc [tj,bc
jmhjcrty vjbkndjlytyj ,th&tyb rjyrbcrfljht,b8
fct b.j se bct7 vjlbjlf lf vjlbjlf bcnjhbf lf f[kj ofhcekib
tyuehbc [tj,bc dbohjt,ib tyuehbc /blhjtktmnhjcfluehbcsdbc
vcjakbjib evfqktcb7 eybrfkehb
sfqjdfyb rfi[fkb ffutc flfvbfyt,vf8 sbsmjclf lfluf lhj wbdbkbpfwbbc f[fkb yfibthbcf7 2
tktmnhj,bcf888
sevwf7 ]th rbltd jwlffsb se
jwlfs[esvtnb okbs flht7 gbhdtkfl uffyfsf tktmnhj,fv .dbhfc vsbc rfkst,b lf thsvf xmdfkthtkvf lehufkvf lfelj fvfc
cfsfdt888
xmdfkthb ]dfhblfy idblbjlt rbkjvtnhib7 vlbyfht byobhfcf lf
vjhj;fc [tj,fibf ufyatybkb8 eybrfkehbf7 f,cjkenehfl stshb mdfkjlt,bs vjmfsmfst,ekb vjhj;fc [tj,f7 vfuhfv rbltd eahj cfjwfhbf byobhf=
3byobhf4 2 dbohjc ybiyfdc lf
bcts dbohjt,ib vjtlbyt,f tc vlbyfht7 hjv 3byobhf4 itehmvtdbf
[fk[c vbcsdbc8 .dbhfc vsbc rfkst,pt7 gbnfkj rklbc iefuekblfy
cfvcfhsekbfy xfyxmthfl blt,c cfsfdtc lf ktutylt,bs cfdct exfnj,fcsfy abhepbcath cbkeh]tl
bqdtyst,f8 byobhf cbhbyjpt,bc vlbyfhtfj7 fv,j,c ktutylf8 [tkbs
xfo.j,bkcf /ufdc byobhfc [tj,f8
eacrhekfvlt xfdfhlybkb xfyxmtht,b7 ,pbc [fdcxfvj&ty&bkb rjhjvt,b thsvfytsbcsdbc ite[fvt,bf
itvjmvtlc8 cflff gfnhjyb7 sjhtv
vcjakbjc wyj,bkb rfybjyt,b
ve[kc vjb.hblyty fv ekfvfptcb
cfyf[t,bc ath[sbs8 vfhskfw7 cfcbhbyjpjf bhudkbd .dtkfathb lf
cfpqfghj8
NHFYCGJHNB
AJSCF LF 3RFDRFPC4
IJHBC CF,JHYT
VBVJCDKF BUTUVT,F
CFMFHSDTKJC cfgjhnj mfkfm
ajscf lf hectsbc gjhn 3rfdrfpc4 ijhbc ef[kjtc vjvfdfkib
itcf&kjf cf,jhyt vbvjcdkf lfbo.jc8 fvbc itcf[t, ;ehyfkbcnt,c cf[tkvobaj rfywtkfhbfib
hectsbc nhfycgjhnbc vbybcnhsfy7 bujh ktdbnbysfy ufvfhsekb it[dtlhbc itvltu cfmfhsdtkjc trjyjvbrbc vbybcnhvf rf[f ,tylemb&tv ufyew[flf8
BUJH KTDBNBYB8
2 hjujhw rb hectsbcf lf cfmfhsdtkjc cfufhtj eo.t,t,b itsfy[vlt,bfy lf itcf,fvbc ljrevtync uffajhvt,ty7 cfmfhsdtkjcf lf hectsc ijhbc cf,jhyt vbvjcdkf lfbo.t,f7 2 fqybiyf ,tylemb&tv8
,tylemb&bc smvbs7 hectsbc v[fht fmnbehfl fhbc lfbynthtct,ekb hects-cfmfhsdtkjc ijhbc
cffdnjvj,bkj lf cfhrbybupj vbvjcdkbc byntycbabrfwbbs8
BYNTH-GHTCB8
.EHFLQT,F=
:EHYFK 3WTYNHFKYFBF
FPBBCF LF RFDRFPBC4
+CJWBFKEH-GJKBNBREH
RDKTDFSF WTYNHB7
IDTLTSB‘ VRBS[DTKT,C
:EHYFK 3WTYNHFKYFBF FPBBCF LF
RFDRFPBC4 ofhvjvflutytkb cfmfhsdtkjib ;ehyfkbc .dtkf vrbs[dtkc cs[jdc +dbyw fmfvltw eafcjl bqt,lf fqybiyek ;ehyfkc‘7
f[fkb yjvht,bc vbcfqt,fl vjfrbs[jc ufpts 3cfmfhsdtkjc
htcge,kbrbc4 ,b,kbjstrfc8
;ehyfkib cfsfyfvihjvkjl
cf?jyjhfhj fyfpqfeht,bs dbodtds fuhtsdt rdfkbabwbeh fdnjht,c8
NTK5 ))-)#-_#8
B[8 VT-% UD8
ABYFYCEHB GJKBWBF
ABYFYCEHB gjkbwbbc jgthfnbekb ltgfhnfvtynbc s,bkbcbc cfvvfhsdtkjc vbvfhsf rtrtkf kfwf,b&tv8 vfy ufyfw[flf7 hjv oktekc7 rjvgbenthekb ntmybrbc b]fhbs uflfwtvbc [tkitrhekt,bs7
sfdbcb resdybkb fsb wfkb rjvgbenthb7 hjvtksf vskbfyb qbht,ekt,ff % fsfcb ljkfhb7 lhjt,bsb cfhut,kj,bcfsdbc uflfcwf
bylbdblefkeh cfofhvj 3df[nfyu
rbqehf&tc47 .jdtksdbehb (__ kfhbc cfb]fhj uflfcf[flbc cfafcehfl8 rjvgbentht,bc vbqt,f-xf,fht,bc fmnb itluf !% fghbkc lf
bub r8 kfwf,b&bcf lf d8 rbqehf&bc [tkvjotht,bsff lflfcneht,ekb8
sfdlfgbhdtkfl7 r8 kfwf,b&bcfufy
b]fhbs fqt,ekb 3ctkthjy-!@__4
vfhrbc fs rjvgbenthc bylvtofhvt d8 rbqehf&t hecsfdtkbc ghjcgtmnpt jabcib fveifdt,lf7 itvltu
rb kthvjynjdbc mexfpt uflfdblf
2 vjrdktdbcfsdbc vbwtvek f[cyfufyvfhnt,fib7 r8 kfwf,b&tv fqybiyf5
dbyfblfy @_ bdybcbcfsdbc rjvgbentht,bc b]fhbc sfy[f d8 rbqehf&tv vfc fh uflfe[flf7 cfrbs[bc ufcfhrdtdfl vfy kthvjynjdbc mexfpt f[fk jabcib vbfrbs[f7 vfuhfv888 jabcbc sfyfvihjvkt,vf fwyj,tc7 hjv wjnf [ybc obyfs d8 rb-
qehf&tv .dtkf rjvgbenthb ufbnfyf7
[jkj vbcb flubkcfv.jatkb vfssdbc ewyj,bf8
abyfycehb gjkbwbbc sfyfvihjvtksf vbth ufy[jhwbtkt,ekb jgthfnbekb qjybc&bt,t,bc itltufl
lflubylf7 hjv r8 kfwf,b&bc rjvgbentht,b d8 rbqehf&tv !*__ ljkfhfl bylbdblefkeh vtofhvt kbrf sjhbfc vb/.blf7 hjvtkbw s,bkbcib vtjhflb rjvgbentht,bs dfzhj,c8
sfdbc v[hbd7 vjrdktdbcfsdbc vbwtvek f[cyf-ufyvfhnt,fib k8 sjhbfv ufyfw[flf7 hjv oktekc7 bdybcib7 d8 rbqehf&tv vfc ufcf.blfl
fsb rjvgbenthb vbenfyf7 vfuhfv
ufhbut,f fh itluf lf vfy fsbdt
rjvgbenthb erfydt ofbqj8 sevwf7
hjujhw xfyc7 tc fv,fdb vskfl fct
fh .jabkf8 vjrdktdbc ghjwtcib
ufvjrbs[ekvf r8 kfwf,b&bc vtuj,fhvf pehf, vlbyfhf&tv ufyvfhnf7 hjv k8 sjhbfcufy gbhflfl vjbcvbyf vbc vbth fqybiyekb rjvgbentht,bc uf.bldbc itcf[t,8
fvfcsfy thsfl7 d8 rbqehf&bc vteqktv cjabj [ewbidbkvf ufyfw[flf7 hjv @@ bdybcbc itvltu mvfhb
fh eyf[fdc7 sevwf fv gthbjlib vfc
ntktajybs tcfe,hf7 es[hf7 hjv
r8 kfwf,b&bc rjvgbentht,b k8 sjhbfc !*__ ljkfhfl vb/.blf8 c8 [e-
hectsb cfmfhsdtkjc
nthbnjhbt,bc
fytmcbbc upfc lffluf
+VTCFVT UDTHLBLFY`
fctsbdt vlujvfhtj,ff w[bydfkbc
htubjyib7 cflfw hectsbc t8 o8 cfvidblj,j &fkt,b lufyfy7 3vidblj,bfyfl4 t[vfht,bfy jc ctgfhfnbcnt,c mfhsekb vjcf[ktj,bc lfh,tdf-fobjrt,fib7 mfhsekb cjakt,bc lf,jv,dfib7 mfhsdtkt,bc vjnfwt,fib7 rjynhf,fylbcnt,bc itvjlbyt,fib7 vfuhfv tc .dtkfathb
hjlbf= hjrbc udbhf,blfy7 hjvtkcfw ctgfhfnbcnt,b lf hecb cfvidblj,jt,b thsj,kbdfl bwfdty7
3jcb4 &vt,bc lfcf[vfht,kfl sfdbceakfl itvjlbfy lfmbhfdt,ekb rfwbcvrdktkt,b7 hfsf fv htubjyblfy ufvjltdyjy mfhsdtkt,b8 tsyjovtylbc itvltu hectsb hecek gfcgjhnt,c lfehbut,c lfhxtybk vjcf[ktj,fc7 hectsbc vjmfkfmtt,fl fqbfht,c vfs7 hfw fv
htubjyc +bct hjujhw fa[fptsc‘
hectsbc bynthtct,bc cathjib vjfmwtdc8
hectsb dfklt,ekbf7 lfbwdfc hectsbc vjmfkfmtt,b .dtkufy jctsibw7 fa[fptsibw= tc fv htubjysf
fytmcbbc vpfrdhekb7 dthfuekb [th[bf8
f[kf bc dbrbs[js7 hfnjv fhsvtdc hectsb ctgfhfnbcnt,bc obyffqvltu ,h&jkbc eakt,fc mfhsdtkt,c cfmfhsdtkjib0= sehvt ye
bn.dbs lf7 hecsf itbfhfqt,ekb
&fkt,bc .jayf xtxytsib rfyjybthbf7 hfibw vfc vstkb vcjakbj
lf7 vfs ijhbc7 cfmfhsdtkjw sfyflujvfc ew[flt,c7 [jkj cfmfhsdtkjc itbfhfqt,ekb &fkt,b sfdbc bv nthbnjhbt,pt7 hjvkt,cfw
ctgfhfnbcnekb ht;bvt,b frjynhjkt,ty7 3erfyjyj itbfhfqt,ekb
ajhvbht,t,bf4=
ufdb[ctyjs hectsbc cfv[tlhj
lf gjkbnbreh ohtt,ib fnt[bkb
fehpfehb w[bydfkbc htubjybc ufhitvj8 sehvt cfmfhsdtkjc itbfhfqt,ekb &fkt,b w[bydfkbc htubjyib 2 cfmfhsdtkjib 2 erfyjyj
itbfhfqt,ekb ajhvbht,t,bf7 fvbnjv7 vfc eakt,f fhf fmdc lfbwdfc mfhsekb vjcf[ktj,f lf itt,h&jkjc fv htubjyib hectsblfy itvjcek lfmbhfdt,ek rfwbcvrdktkt,c7 bvbnjv hjv hectsb hectsblfy itvjzhbk ,fylbnt,c +rfpfrt,c7 xhlbkjrfdrfcbtk vjsfhtitt,c‘ fv htubjyib rfyjybth itbfhfqt,ek ajhvbht,fl vbbxytdc===
tc [jv ufeujyfhb wbybpvbf7 vrht[tkj,ff rfyjybtht,bc lf flfvbfyehj,bc obyfit8 fctsb 3kjubrbs4
wlbkj,ty hect,b 3rjyakbmnt,bc
vjotchbut,fc4 fa[fptsib7 cfvfxf,kjib8 hectsbc v[hblfy fctsb ufereqvfhst,ekb kjubrbc fvjmvtlt,bc gbhlfgbhb itltubf fv htubjyt,ib rjyakbmnt,bc lfrjycthdt,f7 hfvtse hectsbc vbth v[fh-
lfzthbkb fuhtcbekb ctgfhfnbcnekb ht;bvbc kbltht,b sfd[tlehfl fw[flt,ty efhc cfmfhsdtkjc
[tkbceakt,fcsfy lbfkjupt8 dyf[js7 cfyfvlt bveifdt,c hect,bc tc
3hrbybc kjubrf48
wbf +se bub vjodtekb bmyf‘ etzdtkfl lfflutyc7 hjv5
hectsb cfmfhsdtkjc nthbnjhbfpt vbvlbyfht rjyakbmnt,bc jhufybpfnjhb lf cekbcxfvluvtkbf
lf fvltyfl7 bub fv rjyakbmnib v[f-
hectsb cfmfhsdtkjc flfyfifekt,c vbqotek itsfy[vt,fsf lfhqdtdfib +sevwf fvfc dthfahbs fcf,est,ty‘8
xdty rb fv vbvfhst,bs hectsbc
[tkbceafks itdf[ctyt,s7 hjv ctgfhfnbcnt,vf thsbvtjhbc vb.jkt,bs lffhqdbtc5
!))@ otkc vjcrjdib evfqktc ljytpt # ctmntv,thc [tkvjothbkb
itsfy[vt,f7 hbc itvltufw vj[lf
xtxyt,bc7 fa[fpt,bc7 hect,bc itntdf
ufuhfpt7 ufuhbc lfwtvf lf mfhsdtkb vidblj,bfyb vjcf[ktj,bc yfobkbc abpbrehb ufyflueht,f7 hjwf
mfhsdtkt,bc sfdt,bs at[,ehsc
sfvfij,lyty ufuhbc cnflbjypt9
ctgfhfnbcnt,vf hectsbc firfhf
v[fhlfzthbs lffhqdbtc !))# okbc
@* bdkbcc vbqotekb itsfy[vt,f lf
bvfdt okbc !^ ctmntv,thc hectsbc
itbfhfqt,ekb &fkt,bc utythfkeh
inf,ib itveifdt,ekb utuvbc itcf,fvbcfl ofvjbo.tc +hectsbc htuekfhekb fhvbbc vjyfobktj,bs‘
cj[evpt itntdf7 hfcfw vj/.df @*
ctmntv,thc cj[evbc lfwtvf lf mfhsdtksf vfcj,hbdb [jwdf-;ktnf7
utyjwblb lf tsyjovtylf8 dbc vbth0 gfce[b vstkb vcjakbjcsdbc
yfstkbf 2 hectsbc vbth0= ctgfhfnbcsf vbth itsfy[vt,fsf lfhqdtdbc ,tdhb itvs[dtdbc lfcf[tkt,f itb&kt,f7 hfcfw bcbyb dth
uf,tlfdlyty hectsbc v[fhlfzthf
hjv fhf8
lf,jkjc7 hectsbc [tkbceakt,f
rfntujhbekb ajhvbs tobyffqvltut,f cfmfhsdtkjib rjyakbmnt,bc
vjcfudfht,kfl cfthsfijhbcj rjyathtywbbc vjodtdfc8 hfnjv fh cehc
hectsc fctsb rjyathtywbbc vjodtdf0
gfce[b yfstkbf7 fctsb rjyathty-
htf9 fvbnjv vfc fh itb&kt,f trbcht,jltc rjyakbmnbc vidblj,bfyb vjotchbut,bc aeymwbf7 hjujhw
rjyakbmnbc itltubs lfbynthtct,ek v[fhtc7 hbc ufvjw hectsbc
itbfhfqt,ekb &fkt,b lfe.jdyt,kbd eylf ufdbltc rjyakbmnbc pjyblfy7 vfc lhjt,bs cfthsfijhbcj
&fkt,b eylf xftyfwdkjc8
fewbkt,tkbf7 lfxmfhltc rjyakbmnbc vjotchbut,f cfmfhsdtkjc
nthbnjhbekb vskbfyj,bc ityfhxeyt,bc cfae&dtkpt8
ud]thf7 tc fct eylf vj[ltc7 se
udcehc rfdrfcbfib vidblj,fv lfbcfluehjc8
bj,bc vjsvbyt,f7 mhbcntcvbthb
itvo.yfht,kj,f lf vbvntdt,kj,f mfhsdtkb [fk[bc cffhct,j rhtljf8 bub bsvtylf fa[fptsib vbcb
idbkt,bc abpbreh ufyflueht,fc7
fa[fptsblfy ufvjltdyfc8
f[kfw bsvtyc hectsbcufy jregfwbfc lf afhekb fytmcbbc vwltkj,fc7 wbkbcofvt,fc7 itehfw[.jafc7 fsfcudfh whe ,hfklt,t,c7
hflufy eakbc cfvfhskbc c]thf7
flfvbfyehb cfvfhskbfyj,bc c]thf9
fvfcsfy7 bwjltc .dtkfv7 hjwf cfvfhskbfyj,bc bvtlb vjrdlt,f7 vfiby xdty bfhfqc vjdrblt,s [tkc8
dtdtlht,bs eafkc lf .dtkf
bvfs7 dbcfw tc t[t,f5 ye uff,jhjnt,c xtvc [fk[c 2 bub cfibib uf[lt,f vbcb vnht,bcsdbc8
LFDBS LJK,F&T7
ljwtynb7 sce-c cj[evbc
abkbfkbc cfvjmfkfmj rfstlhbc
ufvut7 fa[fptsbc cfvtwybthj
lf itvjmvtlt,bsb byntkbutywbbc
lfh,fpbc ghtcwtynhbc
[tkv&qdfytkb8
HJUJHB CFUFLFCF[FLJ RJLTMCB UDBYLF0
,ekljpthcfw bnfwt,ty
CFW[JDHT,TKB lf cfjabct afhsj,bc7 vfymfyf-lfyflufht,bcf se c[df
cf[tj,bc ntmybrehb fqzehdbkj,bc b]fhbs ufwtvf cf,fphj trjyjvbrfib +lf fhf vfhnj vfcib‘ xdtekt,hbdb vjdktyff8 fvbnjvfw ghfmnbrfib vfc [ibhfl vbvfhsfdty8 fcts itvs[dtdfib vtb]fhtcf lf vjb]fhtc ijhbc7 w[flbf7 ufhrdtekb ylj,bc afmnjhbw eylf fhct,j,ltc8 ufvmbhfdt,tkb lfhoveyt,ekb eylf b.jc7 hjv b]fhbc dflbc ufcdkbc
itvltu vbcb resdybkb mjyt,f7 hfcfrdbhdtkbf7 ufhrdtekb wdtsbc rjtabwbtynbc ufsdfkbcobyt,bs7 hfibw vmbhfdt,tkb cfsfyflj sfy[fc
b[lbc7 vfc lfepbfyt,kfl lf7 hfw vtnfl vybidytkjdfybf7 lhjekfl
lfe,heylt,f8
cfvoe[fhjl7 .jdtksdbc fct hjlb [lt,f8
UFYC]F
wbidbkbc tc ufyvfhnt,f lfflfcnehf hjkfyl vfhbfvb&tvfw8
vjrdktdbcfc ufvjrbs[ekvf 3nfmcbrjvbc4 v&qjkvf ufhtuby tlbufhjdvf ufyvfhnf7 hjv bdybcbc vboehekc vfy vbcb yfwyj,bc d8 rbqehf&bc s[jdybs kthvjynjdbc mexblfy zfdzfdf&bc mexfpt +cflfw k8
sjhbfc jabcb vlt,fhtj,c‘7 !_ wfkb
rjvgbenthb uflfbnfyf lf bm lfnjdf8
fqcfybiyfdbf7 hjv vwltkj,bc vbe[tlfdfl7 abyfycehb gjkbwbbc sfyfvihjvkt,vf flht jh]th yfcfvfhsktdb d8 rbqehf&bc flubkcfv.jatkb dth lfflubytc8 sevwf vbc
vbth r8 kfwf,b&bc resdybkb !_ wfkb rjvgbenthbc uf.bldf vjgjdt,ekb vnrbwt,ekt,t,bs lflutybkbf8 fvfcsfy lfrfdibht,bs abyfycehb gjkbwbbc jgthfnbekb ltgfhnfvtynbc s,bkbcbc cfvvfhsdtkjv cbc[kbc cfvfhskbc rjltmcbc
!(_-t ve[kbc vt-@ yfobkbs d8 rbqehf&bc vbvfhs fq&hf cbc[kbc cfvfhskbc cfmvt8
HJUJHW xfyc7 c[dbcb mjyt,bc vbsdbct,bc vcehdtkt,c vfhnj rjvgbentht,b fh bpblfds8 dbyfblfy7 bcbyb eahj vc[dbkuf,fhbnbfy 3cfmjytkptw4 efhc fh fv,j,ty888
ifhify7 ! fudbcnjc pfpf ,b&bidbkvf igc 3fqvfityt,kbc4 1 ! cfvityt,kj cfofhvjcsfy cfsfyflj
[tkitrhekt,f uffajhvf lf b]fhbs 3T-!*_4 vfhrbc ,ekljpthb vbbqj8 oktekc7 #! vfhnc rb7 ,ekljpthbs ufhrdtekb cfveifjt,bc
itcfchekt,kfl7 lqtib !__ kfhbc
fyfpqfeht,bc uflf[lbc gbhj,bs7
p8 ,b&bidbkbcufy bub hfvfp f,hfvbidbkvf bmbhfdf8 fvfcsfy lfrfdibht,bs7 !_ fghbkc7 h8 f,hfvbidbkvf p8 ,b&bidbksfy thsfl ,ekljpthb ufhlf,ybc hfbjybc cjatk
yjhbjc vbvlt,fht nthbnjhbfpt xf-
b.dfyf7 cflfw sbsmjclf cfveifjt,bc lfo.t,fvlt lfwek nthbnjhbfpt eylf lft.tyt,byf8 vfuhfv888
p8 ,b&bidbkbc ofcdkbcsfyfdt7 bvfdt
lqtc7 h8 f,hfvbidbkvf 3T-!*_4 vfhrbc ,ekljpthb kbkjc lfcf[kt,fib7 rth&jl7 cflueh 3kbkj-@4bc hrbyf,tnjybc mfh[fyfib uf[cybk888 ]fhsbc xfv,fht,tk geymnib ufbnfyf7 lfzhf lf xfv,fht,tkb
geymnbc sfyfvihjvtk s8 kehcvfyfidbkc ]fhsfl xff,fhf8 s8 kehcvfyfidbkbc ufyvfhnt,bs7 ,ekljpthbc yfobkt,b vfy ]fhsfl xfb,fhf lf vskbfyfl h8 f,hfvbidbkc
@^__ kfhb uflfe[flf7 hfptw mdbsfhb ufvjothf lf cfsfyflj ;ehyfkib xfyfothbw itbnfyf8
h8 f,hfvbidbkbc vbth ,ekljpthbc yfobkt,fl lfikbcf lf ]fhsfl xf,fht,bc afmnb fctdt hrbyf,tnjybc mfh[ybc lfhf]t,vf u8 vfvybfidbkvf lf s8 tktyf&tvfw lfflfcnehtc8 fvfcsfy thsfl7 h8 f,hfvbidbkb rbltd eahj vtnfl 3.jxfqb4 ,bzb fqvjxylf7 dbyfblfy ,ekljpthbc ]fhsfl xf,fht,bcsdbc
s8 kehcvfyfidbkbcufy aekbc vbqt,bc itvltu7 vfy mfh[ybc nthbnjhbblfy7 lfhf]t,bc vjn.et,bs7
ufbnfyf888 nhfmnjhbc yfobkt,b7
hjvkt,bw itvlujv c[df ]fhsbc
xfv,fht,tk geymnib xff,fhf7 sevwf
s8 kehcvfyfidbkvf bcbyb vtht erfydt lfb,heyf8
igc 3fqvfityt,kbc4 1 ! cfvityt,kj cfofhvjc wyj,bc sfyf[vfl7
3T-!*_4 vfhrbc ,ekljpthbc cf,fkfycj qbht,ekt,ff !#__ kfhb8 hjujhw vjrdktdbcfc ufbhrdf7 ,jkj
sdtt,bc ufyvfdkj,fib h8 f,hfvbidbkb sfdbc cf[kib fh vblbc lf
vbcb flubkcfv.jatkbc lflutyf
fvbc ufvj dth [th[lt,f8 sevwf7 fvbc
vbe[tlfdfl7 vbqt,ekb vfcfkt,bc
cfae&dtkpt cbc[kbc cfvfhskbc rjltmcbc !(_-t ve[kbc vt-@ yfobkbs
abyfycehb gjkbwbbc jgthfnbekvf
ltgfhnfvtynvf vbc vbvfhs cbc[kbc
cfvfhskbc cfmvt fq&hf8
JSFH
NEHF,TKB&T8
vjvfdfkc bvtlbc
sdfkbs itdwmthbs
CFMFHSDTKJC vsfdhj,fv gfhkfvtync cfuflfcf[flj rjltmcbc f[fkb
dfhbfynb ofhelubyf7 hjvtkbw sdbc
,jkjc gfhkfvtynbc ufyc]bc cfufyb uf[lt,f8
f[fkb rjltmcbc ghjtmnbc vb[tldbs7 fhct,ekb uflfcf[flt,b vybidytkjdyfl itvwbhlt,f7 itbwdkt,f
uflfcf[flt,bc ufyfrdtst,b7 ufemvlt,f ghjuhtcekb cfitvjcfdkj
uflfcf[flb7 lfutuvbkbf lqu-c ufyfrdtsbc itvwbht,fw8
ufhlf fvbcf7 cfmfhsdtkjib itvjlbc cfuflfcf[flj lfdt,bc fh,bnhf;bs vjudfht,bc otcb8 fvfcsfy7 lqu-c uflfv[ltkfl htubcnhfwbbc yt,f.jakj,bsb eakt,f tybzt,f .dtkf uflfv[ltkc8
hjujhw vsfdhj,f dfhfelj,c7
fv uflfcf[flt,bc itvwbht,bs itcf&kt,tkb uf[lt,f cojhb cf[tkafcj gjkbnbrbc ufy[jhwbtkt,f7
hbsfw ,bpytcvtyt,b [tkafct,bc ktufkbpt,fc vjf[ltyty8
fctsb wdkbkt,t,bcf lf itqfdfst,bc vbe[tlfdfl7 ,tdhb ,bpytcvtyb f[fk cfuflfcf[flj rjltmcc
crtgnbrehfl e.eht,c7 vfsb fphbs7
rfyjyb ufvfhnbdt,ekb lf fldbkfl
ufcfut,b eylf b.jc8
2 f[fkvf rfyjyvf .dtkf vtofhvt
sfyf,fh gbhj,t,ib eylf xff.tyjc7
]fycfqb rjyrehtywbf [tkc iteo.j,c cfmfhsdtkjib ,bpytcbc ufydbsfht,fc7 2 fv,j,c igc 3kfifc4
ghtpbltynb vehfp vqt,hbidbkb8 2
cf[tkvobaj vfmcbvfkehfl eylf
twfljc uflfcf[flt,bc itvwbht,fc7
fvbs ,tdh ,bpytcvtyc cnbvekb vbtwtvf lf vtofhvtsf rjynbyutynbw
ufbphlt,f7 itcf,fvbcfl rb vtnb [fk[bw lfcfmvlt,f8 ]th thsb sdtf7
hfw cfofhvj fdfveifdts lf cf[tkvobaj ,be]tnib erdt ^__ kfhfvlt uflfdb[flts8 fctsb vwbht cfofhvjcsdbc fvltyb uflfcf[flb &fkbfy ,tdhbf8 xdtyb itvjcfdkt,bs
cfvpt vtnb veibc vbqt,fw fh itudb&kbf cfveifjl7 fvbnjv abpbrehfl sdbsjy7 lfvae&yt,kt,b dveifj,s8
cfresfhb sfy[bs itdb&byts mfh[ybcsdbc nf,f[vtkbc ,bjrjv,byfnsfy fhct,ekb ityj,f lf vbobc yfrdtsb7 kelbc ntmyjkjubbcsdbc cfzbhj lfyflufht,b +bub &fkbfy &dtkb lf recnfhekbf‘7 hjvtkbw sdbsjydt ufydff[kts8
]th rbltd !)(( otkc rjjgthfnbdb 3bvtlb4 itdmvtybs7 cflfw js[b
okbc ufyvfdkj,fib nfycfwvkbc cfvrthdfkj lf ,b;enthbbc lfvfvpflt,tkb cffvmhj udmjylf8 itvltu7
eabyfycj,bc ufvj7 veifj,f itdfxthts8 !)** okblfy fqybiyekb rjjgthfnbdb igc 3kfifl4 lfdfhtubcnhbhts lf vbvlbyfht okbc fudbcnjlfy kelbc ofhvjt,f lfdbo.ts8
veifj,bc lfo.t,f bv lhjc vjudb[lf7 hjwf kelbc ctpjyb vsfdhlt,jlf7 fvbnjv vwbhtlbc uf.bldf
vjdfcofhbs8 vjvfdfkb okblfy rb
dyf[js888 abhvbc ufafhsjt,f udbylf7 nf,f[vtkfib vw[jdht,kt,c trj-
yjvbrehfl &fkbfy ezbhs7 [fk[c
cfveifj flubkt,b fh fmdc7 cfofhvjc ufphlbs rb cek wjnf %_ rfwbc lfcfmvt,fc dabmhj,s8
rhtlbnbc ufvjnfyf vfqfkb cfghjwtynj uflfcf[flbc ufvj dth
itd&tkbs7 fhflf7 cfofhvjv chekb
lfndbhsdbs hjv bveifjc7 #__-#%_
fsfcb kfhbf cfzbhj8 fvbcsdbc bydtcnjhc dt&t,s7 dwlbkj,s cfofhvjc ityj,bs lf flubkvlt,fhtj,bc gthcgtmnbekj,bs lfdfbynthtcjs +vjut[ctyt,fs7 nf,f[vtkf
cfrehjhnj flubkbf‘7 xdtyb vbobc
afhsj,pt cfcnevhjc lf rjnt]t,bc
fityt,fw itb&kt,f7 cflfw rkbtynt,c rfhu lfcdtyt,fcsfy thsfl7
[fhbc[bfy lf utvhbtk kelcfw itdsfdfpt,s8
f[kf xdtyb kelb &bhbsflfl flubkpt b.blt,f7 hflufy c[df htubjyt,ib fy s,bkbcib xfnfybc itvs[dtdfib cgtwbfkehb xfvjcfc[vtkb
fgfhfnehff cfzbhj8 thsb fctsb
lfyflufhb rb !___ ljkfhfvlt
qbhc8
fctdt7 kelbc ufhlf7 udbylf dfofhvjjs kbvjyfsb lf yfnehfkehb odtyt,b7 hjvtkcfw flubkj,hbdb rehrjdfyb [bkbc 2 gfynbc7
fcrbkbc7 ibylbc ghjlemwbbs lfdfvpflt,s8
bltf efvhfdb udfmdc7 sfy[f rb
fhf8 fvbc vbe[tlfdfl vjvfdfkc bvtlbc sdfkbs itdwmthbs8
KTKF
VFYFDKBIDBKB8
xdtysfy/cfpqdfhufhts
1 @%$7 CFVIF,FSB7 @ YJTV,THB7 @__$ OTKB8
;EHYFKBCNB VBDKBYT,BLFY LF,HEYLF
#8 xmdfkthb7 ]dfhb7
ofkty]b[f888 ,hfncrb=
,flb lf mtxf lf itvjcfdfkb vjtvfnt,f mdt.fyfcfw lf [fk[cfw888 lf
ofdf w[jdht,f sfdbcb rtsbkb
upbs888 vfuhfv888
lf fv 3vfuhfvc4 bmbs fh ufeuh&tkt,bf cbn.df ,fnjy cgbhbljyc7
vfuhfv vt [jv dbwb7 hf smdf7 fy
hf eylf tsmdf=
xmdfkthtkb rfwb fhfcjltc .jabkf c[dbc rfhpt vs[jdytkfl
vlufhb7 fm velfv cfresfhb ihjvbcf lf vfh]dtybc bvtlpt b.dyty
lf mdt.ybc fqvityt,kj,fib velfv
it/mjylfs sfdbfysb otk&kbthb
odkbkb8 cfvfubthjl 3ptvlujvsfufy4 v[jkjl .ehflqt,fc bs[jdlyty lf udthlib lujvfc8 lqtcfw
tc eylfs xmdfkthtkt,c7 ]dfhtkt,c7 kbtkt,c se af[ekfytkt,c7
yfrbaetkt,c se ]ufktkt,c7 sdfkbcxbybdbs &dbhafc cfxbyjtkt,c
lf vskbfyfl ofkty]b[tkt,c8
bm lqtc xmdfkthbc yfuptd-yf,bkbrfhpt cjatkib lfhxtybkt,bw
ufvjcekb.dyty lf tyuehbcrty vblbjlyty7 ]dfhib eylf itthst,jlyty hfbjybc c[df cjakt,bc ofhvjvflutykt,c7 2 cbyfsktc bs[jdlyty kfrflbtkt,b7 hjvtksf vbofpt cbfvf.tcfdbs fqvfhsekb.j
vcjakbjib E-vfqktcb7 E-ybrfkehb7
E-vidtybthtcb +lf f8 I‘ tyuehbc sfqjdfyb rfi[fkb888 vfuhfv tc 3e4 ehdfl lf dbifl ufhlfmwtjlfs lqtc888
fv]thfl fm lfdfvsfdht, cfsmvtkc7 vfuhfv7 ,eyt,hbdbf7 hf iefibfj ,hfncrb7 brbs[fds= 2 vjut[ctyt,fs7 fk,fs7 vlbyfht fyufhfpt7 bhrencrbc jkmib7 mfkfm ,hfncrsfy !)^! otkc vcjakbjib thsthsb elbltcb /blhjtktmnhjcfluehb itdblf vo.j,hib7 hjvkbc cfiefkj okbehb cbv&kfdht @# vbkbfhlb rbkjdfnbf8 lqblfy gbhdtkb rbkjdfnbc ufvjidt,blfy ,hfncrtkt,c vstkb !_ okbc ufyvfdkj,fib lf[fh]ekb tktmnhjtythubbc
cfafcehc fh f[ltdbyt,lyty lf lqtcfw vybidytkjdfyb itqfdfst,bs b[lbfy vfc8 ,hfncrtksf afy]ht,ib
rb iemb eo.dtnfl fysbf8 fctf .dtkufy7 fctsbf lfeothtkb se lfothbkb otcb7 2 bm7 cflfw tktmnhjcfluehb vjmvtlt,c7 gfnbdc vbfut,ty
flubkj,hbd vjcf[ktj,fc=
fh dbwb7 bwbfy se fhf ofkty]b[tkt,vf fvbc itcf[t,7 vfuhfv fhw
vt itvb[ctyt,bf vfssdbc tc bv vbnbyubc lqtc7 vjdthblt rjwjysfy
ltysbc vbnfyfc= v[jkjl lqtc dfv[tk fct cf]fhjl7 hflufy dbwb7 erdt
vbqt,ekbf lfgbht,f888
fh vbylf7 3xbyjcfysf4 vbvfhs
[fhrbc ufqt,fib lfvflfyfifekjc
dbyvtv7 vfuhfv hjwf ufvfh]dt,bc
tbajhbf vbo.yfhlt,f7 vfiby vfbyw
fvjfqotdc7 fk,fs 3htdjkewbbc fdnj,ecb4 xmdfkthib=
vtht lf vtht7 rdkfd pfynfl kfuvbcb yf[tkfdbc ufyevtjht,tkb [tkothf fjwt,lfs tsyjuhfat,c8 xmdf- lt,jlyty bcnjhbbc ajkbfynt,b thxmdfkthb bm bo.t,f7 cflfw gbh- kthekb [fkbxbc mcjdbc nhflb- svfytspt8 lf fv 3ajkbfynt,ib4 xfdtkb [blbf uflt,ekb byobhfpt8 wbf sfj,blfy sfj,fc uflftwtvjlf8 brfhuf xmdfkthtkb rfwbc yffphtvhfdfkb qbhcitcfybiyfj,t,bsff vbcb itcfybiyfdb wfktekt,b dby db8 vt]jutj,bs ufysmvekb xmdfktufvjhxtekb vsbc tc gfnfhf cj- bwbc dbc j]f[t,cf lf veptevt,c frt- htkt,b sbsj cekb vc[dbkat[f cfatkb lf fvbnjv velfv b.j bub ,j- sbkij,bkt,c lqtcfw8 hfvltybvt mjykbcf lf hfvltybvt s[bc vjbvtltl
nfybrjcsf7 tsyjuhfasf7 utjuhfa- vfsufyb s,bkbcbc qbf wbcmdtif ve- lfnjdtc8 cfvfubthjl rjkvtehytj,f
sf se fhfjabwbfkeh nehbcnsf ptevib vtuhek jlfcfw fvidtyt,- fhbcj &kbthb lf7 vfhskfw fcj,bs
cekb cjakbc cfthsj [fh-aehb
lfbynthtct,bc cfufyb8 cojhtl fv lf ths lhjc888
fhw bct ijhtek ofhcekib7 xmdf- rdkfd f[vbfyt,lf ,tlbfyfxtybc7 [jcfyf[t,ib vberdktdbfs mfhsdtk
se ew[jtk vtwybtht,c vhfdfkb kthib xfcekb cjakbc rbltd ths ,bco.kbcf lf mfhskfibc cf&jdht,c8
eybrfkehb j,btmnbcsdbc9 cojhtl 3cfjwht,fc4 ubxdtyt,lyty7 2 tc sj- brhbat,jlf xfb lf neyuj7 boeht,jlf 3j]fktib47 bhsdt,jlf f,htfm fqvjfxbyf vtw[hfvtnt cfereybc vf ababfc 3mfh[fyf4 b.j=
.dtkfathb bvbs lfbo.j7 hjv uf- ievb lf otkufvfhsekb b.j cjat)_-bfy okt,ib wyj,bkvf ,jnfybrjcvf lf utjuhfavf7 rfdrfcbbcf lf cekb cfereybc jwlffsbfy okt,ib kb8 thsb7 hfw 3vfhflbek4 ghj,ktsjvfc tpjc .ehtib7 vfl hxt,jlf7 upf b.j xmdfkthib7
vjhj;fcgbhfc7 ths- 2 imfibqfkbc [tj,bc vto.tht,ib
ljkf,bfyb obcmdbkb &kbdc uflbjlf ]dfhblfy vjvfdfkb
bluf8 [bc qfhblfy ehtvb se vfymfyf7 vfuhfv lblvf xmdflfwtvekb fyrfhf kthtkvf7 frfltvbrjcvf tuyfnt abzfdkb flufaeyt,lf abfv cfresfhb cf[cht,bsf lf fdnjvfc rdbhfib ths[tk8 hbntnbs7 xmdfkthtkt,c upfcsfy thths lqtc sjvfv obc- sfl fdnj,ecbw fxemf8
888lqtc xfxevt,ekbf cjatkb8 fqfh
mdbkbc o.fkc vbvfhsekt,f itewdfkf lf bcvbc 3jljbf4 lf kfhztvbc uek3rfi[fkb4 feuj8 rfi- ibxfvodljvb /fyut,b7 fh bmcjdt[kbc &bhib [bcfdt ,f mfk,fnjyb pbyfc afhlfub7 fhw
vbkb vbeluf lf lf- qbf wbcmdti veptevbc vtuhek jlfib
ue,t,ekb o.kbc oyt- /rblbf bub9 dthfdby ,tlfdc cbvidbs ufvjn.jhwybk- dblbcf lf vidtybtht,bc cf&t,ytvf yfrflvf epfhvfpf- kfl byobhfc eybrfkehb rfybjybc
hb ,jh,fkb lffnhb- vjyf[ekt,fc7 ,jkj fsoktekib
fkf888 vtht7 sjvfct- lf,flt,ekt,c fhfdby e.dt,f 3njekb ghbywbgbs byob- ,fdfhx[bkbcf4 lf 3mefmfywfkbfc4
hfpt vwbht7 vfuhfv ktutylt,c8 lfbwfkf cjatkb lf
vfbyw7 /blhjtkcfl- dbyw lfhxf7 vfsfw ufvjtkbfs cfmvt9
uehb ffuj cjatkvf8 fh lflbc frfltvbrjcbc yfxemfhb
bv [fyfl xmdfkthb 3xmdfkthb-ajsbc4 fdnj,ecb7 rdkfd
thsflthsb cjatkb xfvjmwtekbf imfibqfkbc upfodhbb.j ofkty]b[bc hf- kb lf lfwkbkbf cjatkb7 f[kj
bjyib7 hjvtkcfw sf- ofhcekbc eudfyj okt,c lfepfadbcb7 cfresfhb tktm- hfdc lf lfeyuhtdbf cjakbc fonhjtythubf eyfst,- v.j888 3cfthsj mctkib xfhsek4
lf jlt,c8
xmdfkthtkt,c rfhuf [fybf fhw f[vtht ufxylf 3ty- cjds hjlbc fyfst,lf vfsc jlfueh/tcb48 ufvjwlbk- afw[t,c tktmnhjj,f888
vf /blhjvityt,kt,2 bmyt, udbiefvlujvkjs ptvjs888
BYOBHFC [TJ,BC CFSFDT 2 XFYXMTHB8
vf byf[ektc f[kf er- iemc dby lft&t,c7 upbc ghj,ktcfv[hts fvthbrbc wtw[kjdfyb vbobc dt vjujyt,fl vlufhb 3sjvfc mfh- vbc vjudfht,fib vfbyw vjudt[vfakjhbcf lf afeybc vrdktdfhvf yb- [fyf4 lf smdtc5 2 vfhskfw cfj- hjc vsfdhj,f=88 2 sbsmjc vt d.jrjkjp fk,jdvf sfdbcb eybrfkehb wfhbf7 fv vb.het,ek cjatkib7 ec- abkb.fdb mdt.ybc ufvut,tkb7 vjvfxbnf7 hjvtkcfw xmdfkthtkb wb- ofdktkvf rfwvf hjujh itmvyfj fct- hblt,bs vte,yt,f cgbhbljy ,fhfc7 &frec cf[tkb eojlf lf fv cf- sb hfv0 vfs tyueh/tcc itflfhtc ,e7 2 upf se udtmyt,f7 fdnj,ecbw
[tkbs itdblf tc vjhw[db .dfdb- bub7 2 lfue,t,ekb o.kbc oytdbs fvjdf7 fdnj,ecb se fvjdf7 [fkkb vcjakbj ,jnfybreh ktmcbrfib vj&hfj,ty tyuehbc neh,byt,b lf [bw lf,heylt,f7 [fk[b hjv lf,tc bv lhjbcfsdbc f[fkb7 lblb cbn.- heylt,f7 rdkfd vjbrhbat,f xfb7
2 3&frec vfxbnf=4
PFEH ABABF7
cthub vfrfkfsbfc 3cfvtuhtkjc df b.j /blhjvityt,kj,fib8 sjvf fqjh&bylt,f vtw[jdtktj,f7 otkib
3ch4 cgtw8rjh8
bcnjhbf lf tsyjuhfabfib4 vj[ewbc ababfv rb tyueh?tcfvlt jwlffsb ufbvfhst,f ukt[b7 vjbmcjdt,f [fS,BKBCB-XMDFKTHB-S,BKBCB8
cehfsbf8 vfc [tkib exdtekj cfr- okbs flht ffuj sfdbcb 3mfh[fyf4888 kbxf lf afhlfub7 vjbstkt,f yfhfdb ezbhfdc8 cfrhfdc kfhztvb
?mdbf7 2 vt]jutsf lf vo.tvcsf vecbrfkehb cbv,jkj8 ghjatcjhb
gfyntktbvjy ,thf&t fv,j,lf5 2 jmhjc cfovbcsfy thsfl kfhztvbw
vjudnfwtcj ,th&yt,vf8 bm gfybc cfkfvehfl bmwf bub8 fm7 cfmfhsdtkjib rb fv eybrfkehb cfrhfdbc
ntmyjkjubehb o.j,bc cfblevkj
xmdfkthib se f[cjds v[jkjl8
vsbfyb cfvtuhtkj jlbsufy b.j
wyj,bkb vtuhekb yf,lbsf lf yf,lbcfdt afhstafhakbfyb melt,bs8
&dtk vtuhek ktutylt,cf lf smvekt,t,ib jmhjc [fkbxt,sfy thsfl
b[ctybt,f jmhjc yf,flb8 uh&tk,todbfyb7 t8 o8 3ubyjhubkb4 yf,flb7
hjujhw wyj,bkbf7 jmhjc mdbibc
cfhtw[flfw b[vfht,jlf8
xmdfkthb 3ubyjhubkb4 yf,lbc
cfvij,kjf=
xmdfkthb vsbfyb cfvtuhtkjc c[df
cjakt,sfy thsfl7 cfvfhskbfyfld
bsdkt,f wyj,bkb cekeueybcf lf
cekeueybc 3uj,tktyt,bc4 cfvij,kjl7 hjvtksfw ths lhjc jmhjc
afcfl b&tylyty fv v[fhtib cgtwbfkehfl xfvjcekb ufysmvekb dfzht,b8
xmdfkthbc wtynhib thsb vfylbkjcfyb w[jdhj,lf7 2 mfk,fnjyb
pbyf zfynehbf= mfk,fnjyb pbyf [fFRFLTVBRJCB TUYFNT ABABF SFYFCJAKTKT,SFY8
SJVF ABABF SFDBC 3MFH[FYFCSFY48
kbxt,cf lf afhlfut,c mcjdlf lf
+ VTJS[T UDTHLBLFY`
UDOTHTY
3IEIBC ,FDIDT,C4
V[FHIB FVJELUYTY
SFYLF>JKBKB &dkbc vndhtdflj,bs +lfechekt,tkb jcntjutytpb‘ lffdflt,ekb
,fdidt,b7 v&bvt cjwbfkehb gbhj,t,bc ufvj7 ufyobhekyb b.dyty cfvelfvj bydfkblj,bcfsdbc8 vfuhfv t8 o8 3ieibc ,fdidt,cfw4 ufvjexylf vpheydtkb cfmfhsdtkjc cjwbfkehb lfpqdtdbc thsbfyb cf[tkvobajc ajylbc cf[bs +utythfkehb
lbhtmnjhb 2 pfpf cjahjvf&t‘8
cojhtl fv ajylbc utythfkehb lbhtmnjhbc vjflubkbc df[nfyu cehuekf&bc sfjcyj,bs xdtyc ,fdidt,c vbtwfs fdflv.jaj,bc lf&ktdbcf lf eytnfhtcb jwyt,bc
2 lfvjerblt,kfl cbfhekbc f[ltybc ifycb8
vij,kt,c7 hjvtksfw uflfoehekb /mjylfs lf[vfht,bc bvtlb7 vjvfdkbc hovtyf ufexylfs8
f[kf .dtkf ,fdidb ufvj]fyvhstkt,bc
upfptf lf tc .dtkfpt lblb lfvcf[eht,ff bv rtsbkb flfvbfyt,bcf7 hjvkt,bw
lblb ufzbhdt,bc ;fvc gfnfht,c udthlib fvjeluyty8 lblb vflkj,f vfs=
[FSEYF CFUFYTKB&T7
sfylf.jkbkb &dkbc vndhtdflj,bs
lffdflt,ek ,fdidsf lf[vfht,bc rfdibhb
3ieibc ,fdidt,bc4 sfdv]ljvfht8
UDBHTRFDTY7 UDTRBS[T,BFY
2 XTVVF idbkvf 6 ]ueabc bydfkblj,f vbbqj cfmfhsdtkjc nthbnjhbekb vskbfyj,bcfsdbc
,h&jkbc lhjc vbqt,ekb zhbkj,bc itltufl8 bvbc ufvj7 hjv
vfc vjdkf tcfzbhjt,jlf7 veifj,fc sfdb lfdfyt,t lf !_ otkbf dedkb8
xfvtsdkt,f se fhf ihjvbc
cnf;ib tc okt,b0
UEKYFHF TCFHSBF8
2 BYDFKBLBC j]f[bc otdhc fy
c[df gbhc7 veifj,bc cfthsj
cnf;ib tsdkt,f cfv[tlhj vjcfvcf[ehtsf hbw[dblfy bv gbhdtkb ]ueabc bydfkblbc afmnj,hbdb vjdkbc lhj7 hjvtkbw lfbydfkbllf vtjht vcjakbjib jvib fy cfvij,kjc nthbnjhbekb vskbfyj,bc lfwdbc7 fylf cfv[tlhj cfvcf[ehbc
c[df vjdfktj,fsf itchekt,bcfc vbqt,ekb zhbkj,bc7 rjynepbbc7 lfcf[bxht,bc itltufl7
fylf ahjynpt .jayfcsfy lfrfdibht,ekb c[df lffdflt,t,bc ufvj8
fmdt ufyubvfhnfds7 hjv jvbc
bydfkblbc vjdkbc gthbjlbc
ihjvbc cnf;ib xfcfsdktkfl cf-
zbhjf ufvutj,bc uflfo.dtnbkt,f
2 cfw[jdht,tkb flubkbc vb[tldbs8
* * *
2 DVEIFJ,LB ]fyvhstkj,bcfsdbc vfdyt cfveifjpt7 hbc ufvjw
vbdbqt lffdflt,f7 hfvltybvt
sdtf dvrehyfkj,7 vfuhfv ith.tekb ]fyvhstkj,bc ufvj veifj,fc dtqfh ufdfuh&tkt,8 vbhxbtc ufdblt gtycbfpt7 sevwf fcfrb
[tkc fh vbo.j,c +dfh #* okbc
lf vfmdc ( okbc ihjvbc cnf;b‘8
bv itvs[dtdib7 se lfvblubylt,f
bydfkblj,f7 hjvtkbw lfrfdibht,ekb bmyt,f ghjatcbek lffdflt,fcsfy7 gtycbbc lfybidybc
lhjc vjvts[jdt,f se fhf fcfrbc itcf,fvbcb ihjvbc cnf;b0
LFSJ DFIFRB&T8
2 CF[TKVOBAJ gtycbbc lfcfybiyfl fcfrbc itcf,fvbcb ihjvbc
cnf;b fewbkt,tkbf v[jkjl cfthsj lffdflt,bs ufvjodtekb
bydfkblj,bc lhjc8 .dtkf c[df
itvs[dtdfib +vfs ijhbc ghjatcbekb lffdflt,bs ufvjodtekb
bydfkblj,bcfc‘ gtycbf bybiyt,f ihjvbc cnf;bc cf,est,bc
vjs[jdybc ufhtit8
* * *
2 DFH gtycbjythb8 dw[jdhj,lb htubjyib7 vfuhfv bvbc ufvj7 hjv idbkt,b xdtysfy thsfl fh w[jdhjlyty7 vt rb vfhnj .jayf fqfh itvt&kj7
cfw[jdht,kfl uflvjdtlb s,bkbcib ths-ths idbksfy8
hf gthbjlblfy vjvtwtvf gtycbf0
MTSTDFY RDB:BYF&T8
2 C[DF hfbjyib fy mfkfmib gtycbjythbc velvbdfl cfw[jdht,kfl uflfcdkbc itvs[dtdfib7 gtycbbc ufwtvf fv hfbjyib se mfkfmib ufuh&tklt,f bv lqblfy7
hjwf cjwbfkehb lfpqdtdbc ajylbc ufy.jabkt,f gtycbjythbc
f[fk cfw[jdht,tk flubkpt vbbqt,c vbc cfgtycbj cfmvtc9 fvfcsfy f[fk cfw[jdht,tk flubkpt
gtycbbc ufwtvf ufyf[klt,f bv
lhjblfy7 hjvkblfyfw ito.lf
vbcb ufwtvf gtycbjythbc obyfyltk cfw[jdht,tk flubkpt8
BHBYT QKJYNB8
LFUDBHTRTS7 ITUDTRBS{TS5
)#-!^-)_9 )#-@(-%$8
ERHFBYF5 VTSDFK.EHTT,B
LFHQDTDT,PT VBFYBIYT,TY
ERHFBYFIB ufvfhsek ghtpbltynbc fhxtdyt,pt [vfsf lffyufhbit,bc obyfcofhb vjyfwtvt,bs7 mdt.ybc vjmvtlb ghtvbth-vbybcnhb dbmnjh bfyerjdbxb jlyfd ecoht,c
jgjpbwbbc rfylblfnc dbmnjh beixtyrjc8
sbsmvbc fctsbdt itltut,b abmcbhlt,jlf [vbc vbwtvbc e,yt,blfy
ufvjcekb fvjvhxtdkt,bc ufvjrbs[dbc lhjcfw8
fvfdt lhjc7 cfthsfijhbcj lfvrdbhdt,kt,b fw[flt,lyty7 hjv rtyzbc.hbc ghjwtcib vj[lf fhfthsb lfhqdtdf8 vfsb vjyfwtvt,bs7
erhfbybc pjubths lfcf[kt,ek
geymnib fvjvhxtdtksf cbt,b fhfchekb b.j8
fvjvhxtdtksf cbt,sfy lfrfdibht,bs ghj,ktvt,bc fhct,j,f
fqbfhf erhfbybc wtynhfkehb cffhxtdyj rjvbcbbc [tkv&qdfytkvfw7
hjvtkvfw fqybiyf7 hjv .dtkf
,hfktekb lfbc]t,f8
erhfbybc wtynhfkehb cffhxtdyj
rjvbcbbc bynthytncfbnb bn.j,byt,f7 hjv fhxtdyt,ib vjyfobktj,lf erhfbytk fvjvhxtdtksf
*$7$( ghjwtynb8
wtynhfkehb cffhxtdyj rjvbcbbc
vjyfwtvt,b ufvelvt,bs bwdkt,f8
wtynhfkehb cffhxtdyj rjvbcbf
fw[flt,lf7 hjv ,bektntyt,bc ($7#@
ghjwtynbc lffyufhbit,bc itvltu
bfyerjdbxb kblthj,lf [vfsf $!7$#
ghjwtynbs8 vtjht flubkpt b.j
dbmnjh beixtyrj7 hjvtkcfw fvjvhxtdkt,bc [vt,bc #*7)@ ghjwtynb /mjylf vbqt,ekb8 sevwf7 c[dfj,f jh &bhbsfl rfylblfnc ijhbc vwbhlt,jlf8
cek rb7 erhfbybc ghtpbltynbc
gjcnbcsdbc @_ rfwb b,h&jlf8
fhxtdyt,ib ufvfh]dt,bcfsdbc
ths-thsvf rfylblfnvf eylf vjfuhjdjc [vt,bc %_ ghjwtynpt vtnb8
obyffqvltu itvs[dtdfib lfbybiyt,f vtjht nehb7 hjvtkbw7 cf-
dfhfeljl7 @! yjtv,thc ufbvfhst,f8
sfdbc inf,ib ufvfhsek ghtcrjyathtywbfpt dbmnjh beixtyrjv ufyfw[flf7 hjv [vfsf gfhfktkehb
lfsdkbc itltut,bc sfyf[vfl7 hjvtkcfw vbcb vjv[htt,b f[jhwbtkt,ty7 lfveifdt,ekb ,bektntyt,bc #@ ghjwtynblfy7 fvjvhxtdtksf
%_7#_ ghjwtynb ezthc v[fhc jgjpbwbbc rfylblfnc7 @*7) ghjwtynb
rb [tkbceakt,bc ofhvjvflutytkc8
2 fhxtdyt,vf udbxdtytc7 hjv bc
vbpfyb7 hfcfw fvltyb [ybc ufyvfdkj,fib tkndjlf erhfbyf7 vbqotekbf8 ufbvfh]df erhfbybc ltvjrhfnbfv47 2 smdf beixtyrjv8 vfuhfv
vbcb vsfdfhb rjyrehtynbc vjyfwtvt,bs7 bfyerjdbxc [vf vbcwf fvjvhxtdkt,bc $_7# ghjwtyvf7 beixtyrjc
rb 2 #*7) ghjwtynvf8
hjujhw pjubthsb tdhjgtkb
vtsdfk.eht fw[flt,c7 fvjvhxtdtksf cbt,sfy lfrfdibht,ekb ghj,ktvt,bc ufhlf7 lfabmcbhlf7 fuhtsdt7 fvjvhxtdkt,pt ptvjmvtlt,bcf
lf vfsb lfibyt,bc itvs[dtdt,b8
erhfbybc [esb fdnjhbntnbfyb cjwbjkjubehb rjvgfybbc rjycjhwbevbc vbth ufy[jhwbtkt,ekb fyjybvehb ufvjrbs[dbc vjyfwtvt,bs7
beixtyrjv vbbqj fvjvhxtdtksf
[vt,bc $$7$ ghjwtynb7 bfyerjdbxvf 2 #( ghjwtynb8
vfuhfv ufvjrbs[dfv7 hjvkbc
lhjcfw fvjvhxtdkt,c gbhflfl eylf vbtwfs bynthdbe cjwbjkjut,bcfsdbc7 w[fl.j7 hjv beixtyrjc
v[fhc ezthlf fvjvhxtdtksf #(7@(
ghjwtynb7 bfyerjdbxc rb 2 $@7^(8
cjwbjkjut,b fqybiyfdty7 hjv
fv vfxdtyt,kt,ib c[dfj,f stjhbekfl7 itcf&kjf7 ufvjbodbf bvfy7
hjv fvjvhxtdkt,b sfdc fhblt,lyty pecnb gfce[bc ufwtvfc rth&j cfe,ht,bc lhjc8
ufvjrbs[dbc jhufybpfnjhsf vjyfwtvt,bs7 bub uf[lf .dtkfpt vfcinf,ehb mdt.ybc vstkb bcnjhbbc vfy&bkpt8
tmcgthnt,b obyfs erdt fqybiyfdlyty7 hjv fhxtdyt,bc jabwbfkehb vjyfwtvt,b itcf&kjf7 vybidytkjdyfl ufvjbhxtjltc tupbngjkt,bc itltut,bcufy7 fct hjv7 jgjpbwbfc ufexylt,f vybidytkjdfyb fhuevtynb bvbcsdbc7 hjv bkfgfhfrjc
fhxtdyt,bc itltut,bc uf.fk,t,fpt8
mdt.ybc fv;fvbyltkvf ghtpbltynvf ktjybl rexvfv7 hjvkbc ghjnt;tw fhbc bfyerjdbxb7 ;ehyfkbcnt,sfy cfe,hbcfc ufyfw[flf7 hjv
[vf vbcwf cnf,bkehj,fc8 3vt fhf
vfhnj [vf vbdtwb7 fhfvtl .dtkfathbw ufdfrtst bvbcsdbc7 hjv rehcb7 hjvtkcfw cflqtbcjl f[jhwbtkt,c mdt.ybc ghtpbltynb7 b.jc
cojhb [fpb lf fhf pbupfub47 2 smdf
erhfbybc kblthvf8
STK-FDBDIB ,FPFHB FFATSMTC
V&KFDHB fatsmt,f vj[lf jhif,fsc lbkbs stk-fdbdib8 hjujhw
cfcohfaj lf[vfht,bc tmbvt,vf fqybiytc7 fatsmt,f vj[lf mfkfmbc
wtynhib ufykfut,ek rfhvtkbc
qbf ,fpfhib8
stk-fdbdbc cf[fy&hj ltgfhnfvtynbc [tkv&qdfytkvf fqybiyf7
hjv fatsmt,bc itltufl lfbqegf cfvb rfwb8 ufhlf fvbcf7 hjujhw flubkj,hbdb ghtcf othc7
cf[fy&hj o.fhj,bc lfvjovt,bs7
lfifdt,ekbf rbltd #_ flfvbfyb8
ths-thsb lfifdt,ekbc vlujvfhtj,f rhbnbrekbf8
cfdfhfeljl7 cfmvt t[t,f nthjhbcnek fmnc7 hjvtkbw gfktcnbytkvf nthjhbcnvf-rfvbrf&tv ufyf[jhwbtkf8
fatsmt,bcsfyfdt ,fpfhib ufxylf
[fy&fhb7 sevwf7 vt[fy&htt,vf cohfafl it&ktc vbcb kjrfkbpt,f8
FQFLUBYTC ,THKBYBC
RTLKBC YFOBKB
RTLKBC yfobkb fqlutybkbf tuhts ojlt,ek 3xfhkbc geymnib47
bm7 cflfw sfdbc lhjpt uflbjlf
lfcfdkts lf fqvjcfdkts ,thkbybc cfpqdfhb8
rtltkb-&tukb vlt,fhtj,c bv flubkbc vf[kj,kfl7 cflfw fqvfhsekbf fsfcj,bs ]dfhb 2 lfcfdkts ,thkbyib ufmwtdbc vwltkj,bc
lhjc lfqegeksf cbv,jkj8
cthutb [heixjdb 2 .jabkb cf,zjsf kblthbc df;b 2 ufvjdblf
3xfhkbc geymnbc4 uf[cybc wthtvjybfpt8
3tc xdtysdbc ufrdtsbkb eylf
uf[ltc7 hfsf vjvfdfkib hfw itb&kt,f yfrkt,b b.jc fctsb rtlkt,b7 2 smdf vfy7 2 lqtcfw fhbfy
bctsb flfvbfyt,b7 hjvkt,cfw
cehs vfsb ityfhxeyt,f48
veptevbc lfvffhct,tkvf fo ufycdtyt,ekvf hfbyth /bklt,hfylnvf7 sfdbc lhjpt itfuhjdf ,th-
kbybc rtlkbc !@_ abkf7 hjvkt,blfyfw f[kf fqvfhsekbf !$_-vtnhbfyb ,fhbthb8
sevwf7 vhfdfkb ,thkbytkb7 vfs
ijhbc mfkfmbc [tkv&qdfytkj,bc
ofhvjvflutykt,bw7 fqybiyfdty7 hjv
uthvfybbc ltlfmfkfmib erdt lufc
!)() okbc yjtv,thib lfyuhtekb
rtlkbc jhb &tukb8
ufptsb 3,thkbyth vjhutygjcnb4 othc5 3hfvltyb rtltkb czbhlt,f ,thkbyc04
vfuhfv /bklt,hfylnbc mdhbdvf
fktmcfylhfv7 hjvtkbw f[kf veptevc ufyfut,c7 lfc&byf7 hjv .jabkb
cfrjynhjkj-ufvidt,b geymnb7 hjvkbc
bhudkbdfw ufykfut,ekbf cedtybht,bs
vjdfzht fhfthsb afhlekb7 fv f[fkb
&tukbc fqvfhsdbc itvltu v[jkjl
vjut,ekb lfhxt,f8
2 3xdty udcehc7 vcjakbjv ufb[ctyjc7 se hf [lt,jlf fm47 2 smdf
fktmcfylhfv8
5
VJRKTL
BFCBH FHFAFNB7 hjvkbc cbwjw[kbc uflfhxtybcsdbcfw f[kf b,h&dbfy cfahfyutsbc ths-thsb
?jcgbnkbc tmbvt,b7 xfshtekb fqvjxylf rbltd ths ,h&jkfib5 bub
wlbkj,c itbyfhxeyjc rjynhjkb cf,fyrj fyufhbit,pt7 hjvkt,bw vsfdfh hjkc fchekt,ty7 fhfafnbc7 hjujhw gjkbnbrehb vjqdfobc 3uflfhxtybc4 cfmvtib8 v[jkjl fhfafnc vbeodlt,f [tkb fv
fyufhbit,pt lf gfktcnbybc fdnjyjvbbc kblthc fh cehc7 hjv vbcb
hjvtkbvt ef[kjtcb sfyfvjcfuht
frjynhjkt,ltc fv ubufyneh sfy[t,c 2 vbkbfhl ljkfhc8
* * *
THF>BC mfkfm hfvflib v&bvt ,h&jkt,bc lhjc lfbqegf htbnthbc
jgthfnjhb l/bf yf]bvb8 3,hvf
n.dbf4 %% okbc thf.tk jgthfnjhc
sfdib vj[dlf7 ufyfw[fltc lfqegekbc rjktut,vf8 fvthbrbc itthst,ekb infnt,bc fhvbbc ofhvj-
vflutykt,c ]th]thj,bs fhfyfbhb
rjvtynfhb fh ufertst,bfs ;ehyfkbcnbc lfqegdbc sfj,fpt8
* * *
BCHFTKBC gjkbwbf tvpflt,f t,hftk vjcf[ktt,sfy itbfhfqt,ekb
itnfrt,bcfsdbc8 gjkbwbfib fh ufvjhbw[fdty7 hjv vlbyfht bjhlfybc
lfcfdkts yfgbhpt ufykfut,ekb
t,hfekb lfcf[kt,t,bc vw[jdht,kt,vf7 hjvtksf ufvj[bpdyfcfw fgbht,c fv nthbnjhbt,blfy mdt.ybc
ghtvbthb fhbtk ifhjyb7 itb&kt,f
[tkbceakt,bc ofhvjvflutykt,c
ufeobjy itbfhfqt,ekb obyffqv-
ltuj,f8 ths-thsb itcf&kj cwtyfhb7 hjvtkcfw fv;fvfl otchbubc
lfvwdtkt,b fveifdt,ty7 fhbc gjkbwbtkt,bc v&tdkfl f.dfyf7 t,hftk vjcf[ktsf cfw[jdht,kt,bc
lfyfqvdf lf vfs vbth wtw[kcfchjkb bfhfqbc ufvj.tyt,f8
* * *
FVTHBRBC itthst,ek infnt,ib
fvjvhxtdtkc thsb okbc gfnbvhj,f tvemht,f bvbc ufvj7 hjv bub
[vbc vbcfwtvfl ufvjw[fllf ]jh]
,eibc ybq,bs8 #% okbc rtdby ljlcb
gjkbwbtkt,vf gbhlfgbh mfkfm utbytcdbkbc cffhxtdyj e,fyib lffrfdtc8 cffhxtdyj e,ybc veifrt,vf
ljlcc cs[jdtc7 vjt[cyf ybqf,b7
sevwf7 fv erfyfcrytkvf efhb ufyfw[flf lf hfvlty]thvt [vfvfqkf
ofvjb&f[f5 3fh vjdb[cyb4=
* * *
,FHCTKJYFC vtnhjib thsvfytsc
itt]f[f jhb vfnfht,tkb7 fdfhbbc
itltufl %@ rfwb lfifdlf8 ths-ths
vfnfht,tkc vupfdht,b uflf/.fdlf7
vtjht rb bc-bc b.j ufvjdblf lt-
VFCJ,HBDB EOTCHBUJ,F XBYTSIB
UFFASHT,EKB tsybrehb itnfrt,t,b
vj[lf wtynhfkeh xbytsib8 /jbc
tsybreh evwbhtcj,fcf lf /fybc tsybreh ]ueac ijhbc vjv[lfhb rjyakbmnbc ufvj7 /tyfybc ghjdbywbfib
ufvjw[flt,ekbf cfufyut,j vlujvfhtj,f7 itnfrt,t,bc itltufl erdt
lfbqegf !%_-pt vtnb rfwb8
rjyakbmnbc ufvodfdt,bc vbpt-
pb uf[lf ufcekb rdbhbc lfvktdc
vjv[lfhb bywbltynb5 /jbc tsybrehb ]ueabc ofhvjvflutytkvf7
veckbvfyvf nfmcbc v&qjkvf7 vfymfyf lff]f[f ^ okbc ujujyfc 2
/fybc tsybrehb ]ueabc ofhvjvflutytkc7 hjvtkbw fv e,tlehb itvs[dtdbc itltufl ufhlfbwdfkf8
xbytsbc vfcj,hbdb byajhvfwbbc cfiefkt,t,b fhfathc bn.j,byt,bfy fv
rjyakbmnbc itcf[t,8 xbytsbc vsfdhj,f7 hjujhw otcb7 fv]j,byt,c fh
uff[vfehjc byajhvfwbt,b mdt.fyfib tsybrehb itnfrt,t,bc itcf[t,8
/jbc tsybrehb ]ueabc ofhvjvflutytkb veckbvfyt,b w[jdhj,ty wtynhfkehb xbytsbc hfvltybvt ghjdbywbfib8 bcbyb bsdkt,bfy mdt.fyfib
.dtkfpt yfrkt,fl rjyakbmneh tsybreh evwbhtcj,fl7 sevwf7 !)(_ okbc
itvltu7 /jbc veckbvfyt,c fhfthsupbc ofvjeo.bfs fv,j[t,f8
gjlfy8 v&bvtl fhbc lfifdt,ekb
ths-thsb vfnfht,kbc vtvfymfyt8
* * *
XBYTSB @__% otkc ufeidt,c vtjht gbkjnbht,ek rjcvjceh
[jvfklc8 [jvfklbs ufahbylt,f
jhb rjcvjyfdnb7 hjvkt,bw jh,bnfpt [es lqtc lf/.jaty8 vjvfdfkb ahtybc sfdbct,eht,f bmyt,f bc7 hjv xbyehb trbgf;bc
otdht,b gbhdtkfl uflfdkty lfcfidt,b rfacekblfy jh,bnek
vjlekib8
6
lqtdfyltkj,f
VTNFKEHUBF
CGTWBFKBCNBC FPHB
,THMF .FTYB EYLF B.J7
HECSFDB HJV LFFYUHBJ
HECSFDB vtjwt cfereybc cfmfhsdtkjc
thsflthsb elbltcb ityf&tybfj7 2 ,h&fyt,lf mfhsekb cbn.dbc lbljcnfnb rjycnfynbyt ufvcf[ehlbf7 2 [fkb,t,vf rfwj,hbj,fc ajkflbc [tkjdyt,f e,j&tc8
xdtyb ijhtekb obyfght,bc tc fvfub frb
,b,kbfibw ufw[fllf 2 3tct b.j rdthbs
THBC rjhbatt,b 2 ufkfrnbjyb7 ubjhub ktjyb&t7 ybrj vec[tkbidbkb7
bkbf dtref7 frfrb [jhfdf7 dthbrj fy]fafhb&t7 bjct, uhbifidbkb888 sbsmvbc .dtkf vbtcfkvf hecsfdbc fqjh&byt,fc lf vtnfkehusf mfkfmcfw [ibhfl cnevhj,lyty7 vafhdtkj,lyty lf tcfsest,jlyty rbltdfw8
lf hfjlty uekcfnrtyb lf cfvoe[fhjf7 hjltcfw mdt.ybc lblvj[tkt7 dbcfw vtnfkehubbc ,tlb f,fhbf7 vfuhfv vtnfkehubek rjv,byfnib ]th wfkb sdfkbsfw fh ite[tlfdc7 bm v[jkjl rehlqkt,c
[tlfdc8
vtnfkehubek mfh[fyfc ew[jtkt,vf eojltc mfh[fyf-,fqb7 .jabkb cf,zjsf rfdibhbc thsflths
chekb wbrkbs vjmvtl ubufync fcj,bs /tmnfhb ezbhfdc8 elf,yj lf
[hbjrb lqtc vodfytl ,b,byt,c7 bm
fcj,bs se fsfcj,bs c[dflfc[df
]bibc [t lf ,exmb [fhj,c8 bm rehlqkt,bw fhbfy7 vtkbt,bw7 ahbydtksf ;qehnek-;hbfvekbw brkt,c
bmfehj,fc7 vfuhfv bc7 hjv rjv,byfnb eybrfkehbf7 elbltcb gjntywbfkbc vmjyt cfofhvjf7 fvfib lqtvlt tzdb fhfdbc itenfybf8
lbf[7 lfyflufht,b7 ufycfresht,bs vbkcfukbyfdb fuhtufnt,b eybrfkehbf7 lf vfs gfnhjybw /.fds
2 vfqfkghjatcbekb cgtwbfkbcnt,b8
cf,tlybthjl7 bcbyb ]th rbltd fhbfy8 bvbcfsdbc7 hjv ew[jtkb bydtcnjht,b lfhoveyt,ekb.dyty rjv,byfnbc vpfj,fib7 .jabkvf utythfkehvf lbhtmnjhvf bhfrkb ;jhlfybfv vcjakbjib cfertstcj byukbctkb tmcgthnt,b vjbodbf mfh[ybc itcfcofdkfl8 vfs7 hjv bn.dbfy7 &bhbc&bhj,fvlt itbcofdktc
cfofhvjc .dtkf lfyflufh-fuhtufnb lf lfcrdyfw thsvybidytkjdfyb ufvjbnfytc5 rjv,byfnb &bhbsflfl rfhu vlujvfhtj,fibf8 bvfdlhjekfl wyj,bkb fvthbrekb cfrjyceknfwbj abhvbc 3,fhtyw uhegbc4 lf[vfht,bs itbmvyf hfvltybvt
,bpytc-utuvf sfyfvtlhjdt ntmyjkjubt,bc ufsdfkbcobyt,bs lf fvbs
upf ufb[cyf ew[jtk bydtcnjhsf
vjcfpblfl8
[ehj7 vztltkb hdfkbcf lf hrbybcfj47 se,fkt,ptf smvekb8 se,fkt,bc vjluvbcfyb dfhs xdtyj8 tc bynthdbe !)^* otkc rjk[eh rjirib xfdbotht8 ,fnjyvf rjycnfynbytv bmdt lfc&byf7 3hecsfdbc fityt,bs
mfhsekb cbn.df fqvjcfdktsbs bctd ufytdhwj7 sfdbc cfvo.cjc lfe,heylf48
lf ufvjxylyty bcbybw8 cfvoe[fhjl7 bnfkbeh abhvfc fvjafht,ekb hec vt]fhstsf fvmfhb7 hjvkbw &dtkb [tkbceakt,bc o.fkj,bs mfh[fyfc lftgfnhjyf7 fmfehj,bc ufyflueht,bs7 rjv,byfnbc ]fhsfl mwtdbs lf aekbc ijdybs lfbynthtct,ekb fqvjxylf8 vfs sdfkbc fcf[dtdfl v[jkjl vbkcfukbyfdb cffvmhj ffveifdtc7 bcbw lhjt,bs7 gfhfktkehfl ]fhsbc zhfcf
lf uf.bldfc vj/rbltc [tkb lf hjv
fhf dfhlt,bc htdjkewbf7 lqtc bm
fhfathb lfhxt,jlf8
f[fkb [tkbceakt,blfy7 dbyw hecsfdbsf lf vtnfkehut,bc ,tlbs lfbynthtclf7 mdt.ybc ghtvbthb pehf, ;dfybf uf[klfs8
,fnjyvf pehf,vf vjbyf[ekf rjv,byfnb7 .ehflqt,bs
vjecvbyf rjktmnbdbc ofhvjvflutykt,c7 vfsb cfnrbdfhb ueksfy vbbnfyf lf rbltdfw itmvyf rjvgtntynehb
cf[tkvobaj rjvbcbf7 hjvtkvfw fctdt jgthfnbekfl lf
rjvgtntynehfl itbcofdkf tuhts ojlt,ekb bydtcnjht,bc cfmvbfyj,f8 fqvjxylf7 hjv f[fkb
vtgfnhjybc vbth
[tkitrhekt,bs yfrbchb !_ &bhbsflb
dfklt,ekt,blfy
fhw thsb fh b.j
itchekt,ekb8 eahj flht rhtlbnjht,vf cfcfvfhskjib itbnfytc cfhxtkb lf bnfkbehfl
vjyfskek hec bydtcnjht,c efhb es[htc vfs vbth vjgjdt,ek eakt,t,pt7 hfw cfjkmj cfcfvfhskjvfw lfflfcnehf8
itvltu cfhxtkb eptyftcib vj[dlf lf bub sdtj,bs ufb.byf7 cfv]th se js[]th uflflt,ekb cfmvt
lqtcfw ufye[bkdtkb hxt,f8
vtnfkehut,bc vjs[jdyf7 hjvtkcfw [tkc fothc !@ fsfcpt vtnb hecsfdtkb7 mdt.ybc ghtpbltync uftupfdyf8 bcbyb vjbs[jdty cfofhvjc
ghbdfnbpfwbbc qbfl7 cf]fhjl ufy[bkdfc8 vtnfkehusf fv vjs[jdyfc v[fhc ezthc ghtpbltynbc hoveyt,ekb mdtvj mfhskib cjcj vfpvbidbkb8 vbcb fphbs7 cfofhvjc ghbdfnbpfwbf eylf vj[ltc rfyjyvlt,kj,bc itcf,fvbcfl7 qbfl7 ufvzdbhdfktl7 lt,ekt,bc lfehqdtdkfl8
fvfcsfy7 ntylthvf eylf ufvjfdkbyjc cf[tkvobajc gjpbwbf lf ufbsdfkbcobyjc mfh[ybc ghjabkbc
itemwtdflj,f8
fctdt7 mfkfmbc vthb vthf, n.titkfidbkb v[fhc ezthc ntylthbc
qbfl7 ufvzdbhdfktl xfnfht,fc8
bvfdlhjekfl bub hec-bnfkbtkb
bydtcnjht,bcsdbc mfh[ybc uflfwtvfcfw fh ufvjhbw[fdc8 sevwf cf[tkvobaj rjvbcbbc vbth fctdt cfcfvfhskjcufy lfoeyt,ek 3vtgfnhjytt,c4 hjujh lf hfnjv eylf
uflftwts rjv,byfnb .jdtkudfhb
obyfgbhj,bc ufhtit7 xdtysdbc ufeut,fhbf8
cek c[df gjpbwbf ezbhfdc rjv,byfnbc htf,bkbnfwbbc vvfhsdtkc
,tyj mfifrfidbkc7 hjvtkcfw7 cfvoe[fhjl7 firfhfl lfegbhbcgbhlf hecek-bnfkbehb rjvgfybbc [tkv&qdfytkj,f8
2 cfmfhsdtkjc vtnfkehubbc bycnbnensfy7 fuhtsdt mdt.ybc ofv.dfy cgtwbfkbcnt,sfy7 rjv,byfnbc
ofv.dfy ghjatcbjyfkt,sfy thsfl7
2 fv,j,c ,fnjyb ,tyj7 2 xdty itdbveifdts mfh[ybc fveifdt,bc rjywtgnefkehb utuvf8 bvbcsdbc7 hjv
yfdsj,cfhtob se c[df cf[bc vbkt,b dfofhvjjs7 cekfw fh fhbc
fewbkt,tkb bydtcnjht,bc ufhtlfy itvj.dfyf8 chekb gfce[bcvut,kj,bs dfw[flt,5 vjudwty cfiefkt,f lf xdty ef[kjtc sdtyf[tdfhib vbkcfukbyfd cffvmhjc vstkb
cbv&kfdhbs fdfveifdt,s8 fhw ytlktekbc itvjnfyf ufudbzbhlt,f7
fvfib xdty7 erhfbyfib .jaybcfc7 cfmfhsdtkjc ghtpbltynb lfudt[vfhf8
fct hjv7 gbhdtkb tnfgb eghj,ktvjl lfb&ktdf7 hfw itt[t,f tktmnhjajkflcflyj,b qevtkt,bc rjvgktmcbc itvjnfyfc7 hfcfw rfntujhbekfl tobyffqvltut,jlyty hecb
gfhnybjht,b7 xdty ud.fdc hfvltybvt vjvfdfkb vc[dbkb bydtcnjhb7 hjvkt,bw vpfl fhbfy .dtkf
xdtyb vjs[jdyf itfchekjy7 gbhdtk hbuib rb veif-vjcfvcf[ehtsf okj,bs lfuhjdbkb lfdfkbfyt,f lfafhjy8
cfvoe[fhjl7 htf,bkbnfwbbc vvfhsdtkc7 vbc ueylc7 dbqfw-dbqfwtt,bc vafhdtkj,bs se of.het,bs7
fhfse cfveifj fcgfhtpc f&ktdty7
rjv,byfnbc cfvvfhsdtkjib rfht,bw
rb feztltc lf lffh,btc8
fhbc dfhfelb7 hjv bydtcnjhbc
ybq,bs itvjcek fktmcfylht cthbjvbyc7 hectstkb vtnfkehut,bc
lfdfkt,bs7 ufyphf[ekb fmdc mfh[ybc ]fhsfl uflfmwtdf lf fvbs
bvgthbbc vtnfkehubekb ubufynt,bcsdbc rfdrfcbbcf lf fpbbc mdt.yt,ib rjyrehtywbbc xfvjwbkt,f8
fsfcj,bs vtnfkehubc fphc ufvj[fnfdc gbhdtkb mfhsdtkb vtajkflt7 ihjvbc dtnthfyb df;f ubub,thbf5
2 xdty cnfkbyvf uflfudfhxbyf
vfiby7 hjwf abw[tk jvib ufcfupfdyb [esb fsfcb mfhsdtkb zf,erb
hectsbcf lf erhfbybc vtnfkehubek rjv,byfnt,ib vbudfdkbyf8
hecsfdb7 vbcb yt,f hjv fhf7 fh
fitylt,jlf8 hecsfdb lqtcfw czbhlt,f mdt.fyfc7 bc b.j7 fhbc lf bmyt,f cfmfhsdtkjc afhb lf vf[dbkb7 vfuhfv se vtnfkehubf uffxemtc7 lffmwbtc7 mfkfmbw fqfh bfhct,t,c7 hecsfdbc vjcf[ktj,f bctlfw ufyf[tdhlf8 ,thmf .ftyb eylf b.j7 hecsfdb [tkf[kf hjv lffyuhbj8
dfhlt,bc htdjkewbbc lhjc v[fhc
dezthlbs ,fnjy vb[tbkc7 vt7 cfereytc vbqotekb rfwb7 .jdtklqt
xfdlbjlb s,bkbcib lf vjvbnbyutt,c
udthlib dtltmb8 hecsfdtkt,vfw [vf
thscekjdyfl lfdezbhts7 f[kf rb888
dth ufudbubf7 hfnjv itvjudo.hf7
hfnjv fh xfvjlbc7 hfnjv fh udtrbs[t,f7 hf udbzbhc7 hf udbk[byc8
UBDB ]F[EF8
W[TKB STVF
]BUFHB [FH7 ,F,FHBRJ=
BVLTYB b.dbhtc7 bvltyb bqhbytc ;bhbyjdcrbv7 vbnhjafyjdvf7 hjujpbyvf lf c[dt,vf7 2 fhbmf7 cfmfhsdtkj hectssfy cfjvhfl tvpflt,fj7 hjv fv[tkf bvgthbf vfhskf uflfhbtc8 f[kf[fy 3cfpjufljt,hbdb fphbc4 vjcrjdehvf ajylvf vjfo.j ufvjrbs[df stvfpt5 2
dbc ite&kbf jvbc ufxfqt,f hectssfy0 htcgjyltynsf ^( ghjwtynvf lfflfcnehf7 hjv hectsc /.fdc
efvhfdb ew[j vnthb7 hjvtksfw
ite&kbfs vfsc cfvij,kjcsfy jvbc
lfo.t,f8 cfvoe[fhjl7 fv 3fuhtcjhsf4 ijhbc vj[dlf cfmfhsdtkjw8
hectssfy jvbc egbhdtktcb ufvxfqt,tkb vfbyw fvthbrff +ufvjrbs[eksf @% ghjwtynb‘8 vtht vjlbfy fhf,ekb lf bckfvehb mdt.yt,b +* ghjwtynb‘7 xtxytsb +fctdt * ghjwtynb‘7 cfmfhsdtkj +%
ghjwtynb‘7 xbytsb +# ghjwtynb‘7 fdqfytsb +@ ghjwtynb‘7 bfgjybf +@
ghjwtynb‘888
fvfcsfy7 ufvjrbs[ekt,vf lffcf[tktc hectsbc vtuj,fhb mdt.yt,bw8 fm kblthj,c uthvfybf +!( ghjwtynb‘8 vtht vjlbfy cfahfyutsb +!@
ghjwtynb‘7 erhfbyf +( ghjwtynb‘7
xbytsb +* ghjwtynb‘7 .fpf[tsb +%
ghjwtynb‘7 bnfkbf +$ ghjwtynb‘7
lblb ,hbnfytsb +@ ghjwtynb‘888
bct7 cfbynthtcj afmnbf7 fhf0 uthvfybf7 hjvtkvfw lbl cfvfvekj jv-
1 @%$7 CFVIF,FSB7 @ YJTV,THB7 @__$ OTKB8
ib % okbc vfy’bkpt kfvbc vbofcsfy uffcojhf hectsb7 f[kf vbcb
gbhdtkb vtuj,fhbf7 [jkj cfmfhsdtkj7 hjvtkvfw fv uthvfybfcsfy ,h’jkfib vjrfdibht htcge,kbrt,c ijhbc ghjwtynekfl .dtkfpt vtnb idbkb lfrfhuf7 f[kf
hectsbc vnhj,fib vt-$ flubkptf8
cfqjk7 hjujpby=
sevwf7 hfc dthxbs fv hjujpbyc0
hectssfy vfhskf fgbht,ty lf]f[t,fc8 /fthcfobyffqvltuj sfdlfwdbc
cnhemneht,bc vjyfwtvt,bs7 @__$
okbc ) sdtib fv mdt.ybc cf/fthj
cbdhwt sdbsvahbyfdt,vf lffhqdbtc
*_-]th8 ufhtlfy sdfksdfkb rbltd
c[dff8 fvfdt gthbjlib yfnjc
cf,h’jkj [jvfklt,vf hectsbc
cfpqdht,c feahby-xfeahbytc $%_-]th7
fii-cf lf bfgjybbcfv 2 @%_-]th888 lbf[7 fvlty]th ffrfyrfktc hectsb7
fvlty]th lffz.tnbytc sdfkt,b888
vfvf dfw[jyt7 vfufsb= xdty [jv
lfudb,jv,tc gfyrbcbw lf rjljhbw0
rfhubf lf,hb.dt,f7 [fk[bc lfobjrt,f7 rfwbc vjrdkf0
tn.j,f7 hect,b vb[dlyty7 hjv ;bhbyjdcrbvfw7 vbnhjafyjdvfw lf
hjujpbyvfw vfuhfl ufenbtc lf erdt
lfbo.tc vfsb vjmfxdf7 cf]fhjl uf,bf,het,fw rb8 3hjwf ahfmwbf 3hjlbyf4 vjdf mdt.ybc cfsfdtib7 2 smdf
ths[tk levbc ltgenfnvf7 fv ahfmwbbc kblthvf lbvbnhb hjujpbyvf7 2 vbc gbhdtk yf,b]fl bmwtdf
hectsbcsdbc fa[fptsbcf lf cfv[hts jctsbc itvjthst,f48 f,f=
2 qvthsvf lfbafhjc7 hjv tc fv,bwbehb lbgkjvfnb hectsbc ghtpbltynb uf[ltc7 2 othc 3rjvcjvjkcrfbf ghfdlf48 2 jvb fh fudwlt,f8
cojhtl vfy lf’f,f cbnefwbf rfkbybyuhflbc lf nepkbc vjdktyt,bc
lhjc8 cfmfhsdtkjc fhw ,bhsdekb hfrtnt,b fmdc7 fhw r,bkt,fvlt
fqzehdbkb cfv[tlhj yfobkt,b
?.fdc7 vfuhfv vfbyw ahs[bkfl7 hjujpbybcsfyf lbgkjvfnbc itvltu
bo.t,f ’vfsfvrdktkb jvt,b7 2 othc
;ehyfkbcnb dfkthb ,f,fhbrj cnfnbfib 3utyfwdfkt7 hjujpby48
vt rblt ity utyfwdfkt7 ,f,fhbrj=
]bufhb .jabk[fh7 ]bufhb888
,JYLJ UEKBFIDBKB8
BYNTHYTNBS ufdhwtklf cfufvjwlj ntcnbc ybveib mfhsek tyf-kbnthfnehfib8 tc
rfhubf7 hfvltyflfw cfpjufljt,fc cfiefkt,f t&ktdf7 lhjekfl ufbsdfkbcobyjc bc
vjs[jdyt,b lf vjs[jdybc ajhvt,b7 hfcfw ufvjcfwltkb oktekc uflffo.lt,f8 xdtyb fobyltkb itybidyt,b vtsjlbrehb
[fcbfsbcf fh fhbc8 .jdtkb vbsbst,f rjyrhtnek [fhdtpt,cf
lf itwljvt,c t[t,f lf yfrfhyf[tdbf ntcnbc itvlujvb lf[dtobcf lf cfmvbc ufvjcojht,bc oflbkbs8 lfhoveyt,ekb
dfhs7 xdtyc rtsbk hxtdt,cf lf
vbsbst,t,c ntcnbc itvlutykt,b
ufbsdfkbcobyt,ty8
WYJ,BKBF5 cfufvjwljl itlutybk
cfrbs[t,ib fhfathb eylf b.jc cfjhzjaj lf cflfdj8 ufvjcfwltkc cfrfvfsj lf cfzjzvfyj fhfathb eylf lfdenjdjs8 ufhlf fvbcf7 xdtyb
rjvtynfht,b lf htvfhrt,b itevwlfhb
lf eyfrkj eylf b.jc7 hflufy7 serb
ufvjcfwltkc ds[jds cfertstcj wjlyfc7 xdtyw fhfathb eylf udtikt,jltc8
cfyfv eiefkjl itybidyt,pt uflfdbljlts7 eghbfybf7 ufdb[ctyjs gjkbntmybreh eybdthcbntnib ifhify
ufvjwtvekb ntcnt,bc thsb .jdkfl
vbeqt,tkb ybveib8 vjs[jdyf fctsb
b.j5
3hjvtk tgjmfib vjqdfotj,lf frfrb
othtstkb04
mdtvjs rb js[b cfdfhfelj gfce[b tothf7 cflfw f,bnehbtync eylf vjt[fpf thsflthsb cojhb gfce[b8 vbfmwbts .ehflqt,f5 thsflthsb cojhb
gfce[b8 fb7 bc js[b cfdfhfelj gfce[bw5
f‘ vt-!( cfereybc vtjht yf[tdfhb9
,‘ vt-!) cfereybc gbhdtkb yf[tdfhb9
u‘ vt-!) cfereybc vtjht yf[tdfhb9
l‘ vt-@_ cfereybc gbhdtkb yf[tdfhb8
lfhoveyt,ekb dfhs5 ntcnbc itvlutykt,c epehib /mjylfs 3u4 dfhbfynb7 vt-!) cfereybc vtjht yf[tdfhb8
ofvjbzht,f rbs[df5 rb7 vfuhfv7 ,fdidvf hjv 3l4 dfhbfynb fvjbhxbjc7
tct bub7 vbbxybjc7 hjv frfrb vt-@_
cfereybc gbhdtk yf[tdfhib vjqdfotj,lf7 vfiby hfqf dmyfs0 fvudfhb
gfce[b itwljvfl xfdesdfkjs0 rb7
vfuhfv7 hfnjv7 vfvfd lf gfnhjyj0
ufyf frfrb !)!% otkc fh ufhlfbwdfkf0 vbcb !%-okbfyb qdfokb vt-@_ cfereybc lfcfo.bcib fhfl vbdbxybjs7
ufdf,bf,hejs0
vfifcflfvt7 ntcnb fhfcojhfl b.j
itlutybkb7 njdt,lf ufehrdtdkj,fc7
,eyljdfyt,bc ufxtybc itcf&kt,kj,fc8 itvlutykt,c fctsbdt e[tib itwljvf vjcdkjlfs bkbfc7 df;f-aif-
ITYBIDYT,B CFUFVJWLJ
NTCNBC YBVEIPT
dtkfc itvs[dtdfibw8 fvfsfw [jv vt@_ cfereytib cfrvfjl bqdfotc0 bkbfv
!)_*7 [jkj kerf hfpbrfidbkvf 2 !)!%
okfvlt=
lqtdfyltk cfybveij ntcnib fctsb e[tib itwljvf7 hf smvf eylf7 fh
fhbc7 jqjyl hfqfw fvbc vbyfvcufdcb vfbyw ufgfhekf +vskbfyfl ybveiib
sthsvtnfvlt kfacecb itdybiyts‘8
cojhtl fv itwljvbc fqybidybs lfdbo.js8
!8 vt-!( itrbs[df fctsbf5 3ufb[ctyts ufkfrnbjy nf,b&bc ktmcb 3vsfovbylbc vsdfht4 lf 3hjvtkb mfhsdtkb gjtnbf ktmcib lfcf[tkt,ekb04
+[fpufcvf xdtybf 2 m8 s8‘8
xdtyb fphbs7 itrbs[df lfvf,ytdtkb lf jhfphjdfybf8 .jdtk itvs[dtdfib7 fvjvoehfdb vfbyw fhff8 cfmvt bc fhbc7 hjv [ctyt,ek itltdhib fdnjhb fcf[tkt,c fhf ths mfhsdtk gjtnc7 fhfvtl 2 jhc8 tctyb fhbfy frfrb othtstkb lf ybrjkjp ,fhfsfidbkb8 fvbnjvfw itrbs[df lfvf,ytdtkbf8 fvbc eakt,f rb fhf udfmdc8
ktmcib ]th 3ufysbflbc4 fdnjhbf
lfcf[tkt,ekb5
fm xtvc f[kj vj[ewbc kfylc c&byfdc vtaeh &bkbs888
itvltu rb 2 3itvjqfvt,bc4 fdnjhb5
888 ,fhfsfidbkc fm e.dfhlf j,kfl
cbfhekb888
c[dfudfhfl fhw itb&kt,jlf7 hflufy
fv ktmcbc evsfdhtcb fphb bc fhbc7
hjv vsfovbylbc vt[jn,t jh obyf gjtnc vtvrdblht 2 vtcfvt vujcfybw ufvjexylf8 cffvbcjl rb fewbkt,tkbf7
itltdhib jhb obyf 3vsfovbyltkb4
esejl b.jc vj[ctybt,ekb8
cf.jdtksfjl wyj,bkbf7 hjv ufkfrnbjybc gjtneh tyfpt 3vj[ewb4
frfrbc tgbstnbf8 c[dfsf ijhbc7 fv ktmcbc ths-ths dfhbfynib gbhlfgbh othbf5 3fm xtvc f[kj frfrbc kfylc8884
lf .jdtkbdt tc vjcofdktt,vf lf
f,bnehbtynt,vf bwbfy +eylf bwjlyty=‘8
vfifcflfvt7 itrbs[df5 3hjvtkb mfhsdtkb gjtnbf ktmcib lfcf[tkt,ekb04 cfjhzjaj lf lfvf,ytdtkbf9 ecojhjwff8
c[df itwljvt,b rb sfyfvbvltdhekfl ufydb[bkjs8
@8 mfhsekb tybc ntcnbc vthdt geymnb
fctsbf5 3vhfdfkothnbkbc yfwdkfl
xfcdbs uht[c pvybc cfo.bcb8 3bv lqtvlt
ktrehb v[jkjl at[t,bc gfhn.eyb
vtujyf lf [tkt,bc8884
fm cflfdjf wtrdf 3ktrehbc4 lfothbkj,f8 xdty ufvjcfwltkc dfodlbs cbn.dbc vwlfh ufajhvt,fc8 wtrdbc
cf[tkojlt,f ,hz.fkt,ib eylf xfudtcdf8 hjwf kfgfhfrbf7 dsmdfs7 ktreh
dfikpt7 ktreh yfztlj,fpt7 fm fhfdbsfhb ybifyb fhff cfzbhj7 jqjyl
wtrdbc rjyrhtnekb cf[tj,f erdt thsudfh 3vfhrfl4 ufvjlbc lf bc ,hz.fkt,c vjbs[jdc8 ofhvjelutytkbf7 tc
itcbn.dt,t,b c[dfudfhfl ufajhvltc7
se fhf fct5 wtrdf 3mfhsekb47 wtrdf 3ktrehb47 wtrdf 3[jhevb4888
#8 mfhsekb tybc ntcnbc vt-!) geymnib
ths,fifl jhb itwljvff5 othbf5 3xfvjsdkbksfufy7 hjvtkb obyflflt,ff8884
cbn.dbc 3xfvjsdkbksfufy4 ,jkjc
fhfdbsfhb .jdyb fh rtslt,f lf fvbnjv cfcdtyb ybifyb ptlvtnbf8
gfce[bc f7 ,7 u7 l dfhbfynt,ib .dtkufy othbf 3df;fv48 tctw e[tib itwljvff8
mfhsek vothkj,fib fv cf[tkbc fdnjhb fh fhct,j,c8 fhct,j,c vothfkb
kerf hfpbrfidbkb7 hjvtkcfw fmdc
actdljybvb df;f-aifdtkf lf tu actdljybvb fh itb&kt,f ufb[kbxjc7 ufb.jc8 pjub df;f aifdtkfc wfk-wfkrt
othc7 eltabcjl8 tctw itwljvff=
hjwf ufvjcfwltkc mfhsekb tybcf
lf cnbkbcnbrbc eafmbptc ybefyct,c
dtrbs[t,bs7 xdtyw vtnb cbafmbpt lf
lfrdbhdt,f udvfhst,c8
$8 kbnthfnehekb ntcnbc vttmdct
geymnibw jhb itwljvff ufgfhekb8
othbf5 3hjujh vbbqotdf ,tlybtht,f fdsfylbkbc fphbs04
fm 3fdsfylbkbc fphbs4 xfhsekbf
lf v&bvbs eylf ufvj.jabkb.j8
bmdt vtcfvt itrbs[df fctsbf5 3hfc
vjtkbc nfhbtkb bvmdt.yfl04
.ehflqt,f vbfmwbts5 jhb cbn.df
bv mdt.yfl ths cbn.dfl emwtdbfs +b[bkts d8 sjaehbfcf lf bd8 ububytbidbkbc jhsjuhfabekb ktmcbrjyb‘8
%8 vtidblt geymnib drbs[ekj,s5 3hfnjv +hf vbpybs‘ lffyf[f idbkvf vtatc erfy vbltdyt,ekb kfvgfhb04 +[fpufcvf xdtybf 2 m8s8‘8
3lffyf[f4 vwlfhb ajhvff8 bc 3fd4
stvbcybiybfyb pvyff8 fvbnjv eylf tothjc 3lffyf[df48
^8 othbsb lfdfkt,bc bycnhemwbfib othbf5 3yfihjvb7 hjvtkbw lfdfkt,fc fh egfce[t,c7 fy ths udthlpt yfrkt,b vjwekj,bcf bmyt,f7 fh
itafclt,f48
UFVJBWF
cfhrvtkb jwlfvtthst
cfereybc acbmbfnhbfib
IBPJAHTYBBC itcf[t, lqtvlt fhct,ek
efvhfd ufvjrdktdfsf vbe[tlfdfl7 fv
lffdflt,bc rjywtgnefkehb ufydbsfht,bc bcnjhbf hjujhw mfhsek7 fctdt
hecektyjdfy kbnthfnehfib lqtvlt
fh lfothbkf8 ibpjahtybbc bcnjhbf
acbmbfnhbbc bcnjhbff lf rbltd eahj vybidytkjdfyc [lbc fv cfrbs[c8
fhct,j,c !)@( otkc ghjatcjh rfyf,b[bc fdnjhj,bs ufvjwtvekb acbmbfnhsf cfvfublj obuyb lf !)%_ otkc
ufvjcekb ghjatcjh belbybc vjyjuhfabf 3cfvfvekj acbmbfnhbbc bcnjhbbc yfhrdtdt,b48 vfcib v[jkjl hecekb acbmbfnhbbc bcnjhbbc lf bv;fvbyltkb ghbjhbntnekb vbvfhsekt,t,b lf it[tlekt,t,bf uffyfkbpt,ekb8 mfhsekb acbmbfnhbf cojhtl fv
obuyt,bs [tkv&qdfytkj,lf8 cfreshbd
mfhsekb acbmbfnhbf rb lqtvlt fh
lfothbkf8 fct hjv7 vjyjuhfabf 3IBPJAHTYBF UEIBY7 LQTC7 [DFK4 &fkpt
fewbkt,tkb lf eybrfkehbf sfdbcb vbpybcf lf fmnefkj,bc sdfkcfphbcbs8
hjujhw frfltvbrjcb fdkbgb pehf,fidbkb fv,j,lf7 3sfyfvtlhjdt acbmjafhvfrjkjubeh tgjmfib bvltyfl
itbwdfkf xdtyb ofhvjlutyt,b acbmbreh
aeymwbt,pt lf vbc gfsjkjubt,pt7 hjv
fewbkt,tkb [lt,f acbmbfnhbekb cf[tkv&qdfytkjt,bc [tkf[fkb lfothf48 cojhtl tc fvjwfyf lfbcf[tc vbpyfl fv obuybc fdnjht,vf7 hjvkt,vfw
cfresfhb [fh]bs ufvjcwtc vjyjuhfabf8 bub ibpjahtybbc bcnjhbbc vbvj[bkdbs bo.t,f lf ibpjahtybbc itcf[t, lqtvlt wyj,bk .dtkf /bgjstpfc
vjbwfdc lfo.t,ekb acbmjkjubeh-abkjcjabehb7 lfvsfdht,ekb ytbhj?tgfnbleh se jgbfneh stjhbfvlt8
ltnfkehfl fhbc ufy[bkekb ibpjahtybbc vrehyfkj,bc rjywtawbt,b8 ihjvfib uffyfkbpt,ekbf fhf vfhnj ibpjahtybbc7 fhfvtl cfthsjl tyljutyeh acbmjpsf yjpjkjubbcf lf acb-
mjafhvfrjkjubbc cfrbs[t,b8 vjyjuhfabfib ufvj.tyt,ekbf ibpjahtybbc
itcf[t, fhct,ekb7 fhf v[jkjl acbmbfnhsf7 fhfvtl ytdhjkjut,bc7 acbmjkjut,bc7 abpbjkjut,bc7 ytbhj,bjmbvbrjct,bc lf c[dfsf rdktdt,bc
vjyfwtvt,b +cek ufvj.tyt,ekbf !_@$
,b,kbjuhfabf‘8 yfihjvc vbvpbldtkc
[lbc vcjakbjib wyj,bk vtwybthsf
vjrkt ,bjuhfabt,b5 @@( fdnjhb ajnjgjhnhtnt,bc bkecnhfwbt,bs8 fvfcsfy thsfl bmdt vj.dfybkbf fhf vfhnj vfsb vtwybthekb lfvcf[eht,t,b7 fhfvtl gbhflb w[jdht,blfy cfbynthtcj afmnt,b8
vjyjuhfabbc ,jkj sfdb fdnjht,vf mfhsek acbmbfnhbfib ibpjahtybbc
ghj,ktvfc vbe&qdytc8 tc sfdb rb fhbc
mfhsekb acbmbfnhbbcf lf acbmjkjubbc bcnjhbf7 mfhsekb acbmbfnhbbc
hjkbcf lf flubkbc lfabmcbht,f
vcjakbj acbmbfnhbek crjkfsf lf
vbvfhsekt,fsf ijhbc8
cojhtl mfhsekb acbmbfnhbbc
UFYW[FLT,F
CFFMWBJ cfpjufljt,f 3cfm/blhjtythujvityb4 bodtdc fmwbjythsf
cfthsj rht,fc7 hjvtkbw ufbvfhst,f @__$ okbc @) yjtv,thc7 lqbc
!@ cffspt cc 3cfm;blhjtythujvitybc4 flvbybcnhfwbek-cfofhvjj
ityj,fib8 vbcfvfhsb5 s,bkbcb7 zfdzfdf&bc ufvpbhb 1%_8
LQBC OTCHBUB5
!8 cfotlt,j rfgbnfkib wdkbkt,t,bc itnfyf9
@8 cfvtsdfk.ehtj cf,zjc itvflutykj,fib wdkbkt,t,bc itnfyf9
#8 c[dflfc[df8
CC 3CFM/BLHJTYTHUJVITYBC4 FLVBYBCNHFWBF8
sdbsv.jaflj,bs [cybfy fdnjht,b
3cf.jdtksfjl fqbfht,ek bv afmnc7
hjv cf,zjsf njnfkbnfhekb acbmbfnhbbc gjkbnbrehb vbpybs ufvj.tyt,bc gthbjlib7 rfdibhib v[jkjl mfhsekb acbmbfnhbf lfhxf fv
sdfkcfphbcbs rjvghjvtnbht,bc ufhtit48 fv sfdibw7 bct hjujhw obyf sfdt,ib7 acbmbfnht,bc lf acbmjkjut,bc @% fdnjhbc vjrkt ,bjuhfabt,b vfsb ajnjgjhnhtnt,bs
fhbc bkecnhbht,ekb8
ibpjahtybbc lf7 cfthsjl7 acbmbfnhbbc ufydbsfht,bc bcnjhbbs
lfbynthtct,f7 egbhdtktc .jdkbcf7
eylf dt&bjs obuybc gbhdtkb fdnjhbc7 cfmfhsdtkjc cfvtlbwbyj vtwybtht,fsf frfltvbbc yfvldbkb otdhbc7 ghjatcjh ijsf ufv.htkb&bc7
hjujhw thelbht,ekb7 ufyfskt,ekb lf cfmfhsdtkjc bcnjhbbc lf
reknehbc ,ho.bydfktl vwjlyt gbhjdyt,fib8 ghjatcjhb ijsf ufv.htkb&t fhbc hecektyjdfyb afhvfrjkjubehb crjkbc gbhdtkb sfj,bc ths-thsb itcfybiyfdb ofhvjvflutytkb lf mfhsekb rkbybrehb acbmjafhvfrjkjubehb vbvfhsekt,bc lfvffhct,tkb lf itvmvytkb7 vhfdfkb vjyjuhfabbc fdnjhb8
obuybc itmvyfib7 elfdjl7 ufhrdtekb lfvcf[eht,f vbe&qdbc vbc sfyffdnjhc7 cfmfhsdtkjc cfvtlbwbyj
lf cjwbfkeh vtwybtht,fsf frfltvbbc otdh-rjhtcgjyltync7 vtlbwbybc
vtwybtht,fsf rfylblfnc frfrb ufv.htkb&tc7 hjvkbc stjhbekvf lf
rkbybrehvf ufvjwlbkt,fv acbmbfnhbfcf lf yfhrjkjubfib ufyfgbhj,f
vjyjuhfabbc vjwekj,f7 vfcinf,ehj,f lf vhfdfkv[hbdj,f8
VFYFYF ,JREXFDF7
vtlbwbybc vtwybtht,fsf
rfylblfnb7 ljwtynb8
VBVLBYFHT okbc @@ yjtv,thc7
!* cffspt othtskbc %*-ib ufbvfhst,f cc 3s,bkbcbc vjyjkbsvitybc4 cfthsj rht,f8
LQBC OTCHBUB5
!8 cfvtsdfk.ehtj cf,zjc fhxtdyt,b9
@8 c[dflfc[df cfrbs[t,b8
FLVBYBCNHFWBF8
VBVLBYFHTJ,C
igc 3lbjcrehbfc4
kbrdblfwbf8 lfbynthtct,ekb gbht,b lfudbrfdibhlyty cfkbrdblfwbj rjvbcbfc
ntk5 (+@@‘%#-^)(*7 (+@@‘%*-!^-@%8
RHTLBNJHSF CF.EHFLQT,JL=
IGC 3CFMFHSDTKJC UFPBC NHFYCGJHNBHT,BC RJVGFYBBC4 ueh]ffybc cf[fpj-cftmcgkefnfwbj abkbfkb7 htubcnhbht,ekb @___ okbc #_ vfbcc
m8 ueh]ffybc hfbjyek cfcfvfhs-
kjib7 htubcnhfwbbc 1 */$-!#%_7
fw[flt,c kbrdblfwbfc8
lfbynthtct,ek gbht,c us[jds7
vjudvfhsjs vbcfvfhspt5 m8 ueh]ffyb7 cfhf]bidbkbc mexf8
fm e[tib geymnefwbehb itwljvff5
thsb bctsb otcbf euekt,tk.jabkb7
hjvtkcfw ybflfu xfdxbxbyt,s vjcofdktt,c5 gbhdtkb fy rfdibhbc oby
v&bvt fh botht,f=
fm rb7 hjujhwf d[tlfds7 othbf=
*8 gbhdtk othbs lfdfkt,fib
drbs[ekj,s5 3bfrj, [ewtcbc4 3ieifybrbc ofvt,fib4 cfv tgbpjlib xfyc dbqfw cgfhcb48
d[tlfds5 hfqfw dthff hbupt7 hfrbqf vb]hbs jh]th uf[vbfylf sfylt,ekb 3ib4 2 3ieifybrbc ofvt,fib4
cfv tgbpjlib8 fv e[th[ek nfdnjkjubfc fct vjtdkt,f5 3bfrj, [ewtcbc
3ieifybrbc ofvt,bc4 cfv tgbpjlib xfyc
dbqfw cgfhcb48
(8 gbhdtk othbs lfdfkt,fib itvlutykt,c uf/gfhdbfs e[tib cnbkbcnehb itwljvf8 lfdfkt,bc ,jkjib
othbf5 3hf hjkc sfvfij,c bub gbnbf[ibc rfhpt48
ufvjlbc7 sbsmjclf7 3rfwb thsb
cgfhcb4 vcf[bj,b b.jc lf hfqfw hjkc
sfvfij,ltc8 fhf7 eylf b.jc5 3hf hjkc
fchekt,c8884
)8 vtjht othbs lfdfkt,fib gbhdtkb obyflflt,f fvudfhb cf[bcff5 3df;f-aifdtkfc gjtvfib 3cnevfh-vfcgby&tkb4 uflvjwtvekbf8884
fh dfhuf8 ufvjlbc7 sbsmjclf7 gjtvf
rfhflff7 hjvtkibw itrblekbf 3cnevfh-vfcgby&tkb48
cnbkbcnehfl eahj kfqb lf ufvfhsekbf5 3df;f-aifdtkfc gjtvf
3cnevfh-vfcgby&tkib4 uflvjwtvekbf8884
ajhvf 3gjtvfib4 eylf db[vfhjs
erblehtc itvs[dtdfib7 hjltcfw c[df
cfidtkb fhff7 dsmdfs7 hjltcfw mvybkt,bc lfcfsfeht,f cfsfyfljl fh
udtvjhxbkt,f8 vfufkbsfl7 3gjtvfib4
3hfvltybvt cehfsb fye tgbpjlb .fxfqbc w[jdht,blfv47 hfvltyflfw
3w[jdht,blfvib4 fh ufvjdf8 c[df dbsfht,fib rb eylf b.jc v[jkjl fctsb it[fvt,t,b5 gjtvf 3ufvphltkib47
gjtvf 3dta[bcn.fjcfyib47 ktmc 3vthfyib4 lf fhf ktmcib 3vthfyb4 lf
f8i8
dbvtjht,s5 udujybf7 xdtyb itybidyt,b cfrtsbkjl offlut,f cfufvjwlj
ntcnehb ,bktst,bc lf[dtobcf lf cf,jkjj cf[bc lflutybc cfmvtc8
MTSTDFY SFDLBIDBKB7
sce ljwtynb8
CFPJUFLJT,F
3VTVJHBFKIB4
cekb ithxf
ecgtnfrtc
sjdkbcf888
CFPJUFLJT,F 3vtvjhbfkib4 .jdtk
js[if,fsc bvfhst,f elfyfifekjl
lfqegeksf uf[ctyt,bc cfqfvj8 fv]thfl fm htghtcbht,ek gjtn IFKDF
VZTLKBIDBKPT bcfe,hf ,fnjyvf htdfp
rdthtyx[bkf&tv7 hjvtkbw vothfksf
rfdibhib erdt vtjs[t otkbf7 vfhsfdc 3kbnthfnehek jhif,fsj,t,c4
lf cfe,hj,c htghtcbht,ek vothfksf w[jdht,fpt8
&ytkb lf trkbfyb b.j upf7 hjvtkbw ufydkj gjtnvf ifkdf vztlkbidbkvf8 tc b.j gthbjlb7 hjwf
lf[dhtnf-uflfcf[kt,f xdtekt,hbdb vjdktyf uf[klfs8
ifkdf vztlkbidbkb !)$% okbc @*
vfhnc lffgfnbvhtc fhfktufkehb
;ehyfkbc 3fyfstvfc4 ufvjwtvfib vjyfobktj,bcfsdbc8 bub vfiby cfvtlbwbyj bycnbnenbc vt-$ rehcbc cneltynb b.j8
f[fkufphlf rfwvf bodybf gjkfhtsbc7 djhrenbc7 hjcnjdbc7 vjcrjdbc7 djkjulbc7 rbhjdbc7 cdthlkjdcrbc7 gtnhtgfkjdcrbc wb[tt,b7
hbc itvltu .fpf[tsib7 frvjkbycrbc
jkmbc cjatk bdfyjdrfib fqvjxylf7 3sfdbceafk lfcf[kt,fib48
sfdbcb gjtnehb rht,ekbc 3utlt,bc k[bybc4 itcfdfkib fdnjhb
fqybiyfdc5
3vbe[tlfdfl bvbcf7 hjv ,eyt,bs cbwjw[kbc vj.dfhekb lf [fkbcbfyb
flfvbfyb dfh7 xtvb ktmct,b ctdlbfyb vjutxdtyt,fs8 ye ufbrdbhdt,s7 fv
ktmct,c othlf rfwb7 hjvtkcfw f[fkufphlj,f offhsdtc lf fhw cfvij,kj
/mjybf7 bcbw offhsdtc7 lf rfhuf [ybs
uflfrfhutc vjecfdktsib gjkfhekb ohbc bmbs 2 djhrenfib48
vbe[tlfdfl fv ofvt,bcf7 itbyfhxeyf flfvbfyehb cekb7 sfdbc ,tlc
vfbyw fh o.tdkbc 2 rbs[ekj,s vbc
ktmct,c lf vidtybtht,fcf lf cb,h&ytcsfy thsfl cek c[df cfv.fhj
uflfbikt,f smdtyc sdfkoby7 sfdbcb
fd-rfhubs7 ,jhjnt,bs lf vidtybtht,bs8
vbc itvjmvtlt,fib ufvjdktybkb
ecfsestcb cekb lf w[jdht,bctekb7
rtsbkb mvtlt,f thsvfytsc tvs[dtdf8
bub fvfhskt,c ufkfrnbjybc vjojlt,fc5
3cekb udmjyltc ecgtnfrtc
sjdkbcf 2
vfhfl .dtkf xdtysfufybc dfkbf7
cfyfv uvbhvf itysdbc cekb lfkbf7
smdf5 cfvij,kj egbhdtktc
.jdkbcf48
,fnjyb ifkdf vfbyw v[ytl fhbc lf
cfvij,kjc ertstcb vjvfdkbc bvtlb fmdc8
WBFKF ,HTUDF&T8
RFKFS,EHSB
AT[,EHSB
sdtkjc .dtkfpt nbnekjdfyb ueylb7 jmhjc vtlkt,bc idblupbc
vakj,tkb 3dbsf4 fhct,j,c8 lfudtsfy[vt,bs7 cfvoe[fhj nhflbwbf
vrdblhlt,f8
hfw itt[t,f lhf;ty ,hfbrjdbxbcf lf thjdyekb yfrht,bc ehsbthsj,fc7 tc cfrbs[b ]th]thj,bs
fh ufy[bkekf7 sevwf7 fldbkb itcf&kt,tkbf bub 3]dfhjcyt,cfw4
lftvidblj,jc7 vbs evtntc7 cffvbcjl cfsfylj cf,f,bc vj&t,yfw fh
ufezbhlt,f vcehdtkc 2 tdhjgbc
xtvgbjyfnbc itcfhxtd hfeylib vfrtljybtkt,sfy vfhw[b lf abytssfy iby hbc dfb-dfukf[bs vjgjdt,ekb ufvfh]dt,f fhf udujybf bv
fv,bwbfc ittcf,fvt,jltc7 ctpjybc
cnfhnpt hjv b.dyty itg.hj,bkyb
mfhsekb rfkfs,ehsbc vfvt,b8
FKTMCFYLHT VTNHTDTKB 2 ^_
TDHJGBC CNFLBJYT,PT VFHFLBEKB VJUPFEHBC
YFDCF.ELTKB
LHF;TYB CFVIJ,KJIB
LF,HEYLF
RFKFS,EHSTK df;sf \6| thjdyekb xtvgbjyfnb cfuekbc[vj afmnbs
lfbo.j 2 mdt.ybc dbwtxtvgbjyb s,bkbcbc 3lbyfvj4 cfh,btkpt f[fkb
vsfdfhb vodhsytkbc pehf, njvfhf&bc sfdrfwj,bs ufdblf8 fk,fs7
lfufbynthtct,s7 hf ,tlb tobf vbc
obyfvjh,tl lhf;ty ,hfbrjdbxc8
vjuf[ctyt,s7 hjv rke,bc vtcdteht,vf [jhdfn cgtwbfkbcnsfy rjynhfmnb ufo.dbntc lf cfvij,kjib
ufbcnevhtc8 vfhsfkbf7 fv stvfpt cfe,fhc .dtkf ufeh,bc7 vfuhfv w[flbf7 hjv tmc 3beuc4 obyf xtvgbjyfnbc abyfkehb cthbbc ofut,f fh fgfnbtc ecf[chjl lfhxtybk ,fsevbc
3,fcrjcsfy47 hjvtkbw7 vbe[tlfdfl
vtjs[tl ufxtvgbjyt,bcf7 cf,jkjjl
vfbyw lfbifkf8 ituf[ctyt,s7 hjv
lqtc fqfhw lfvjerblt,tkb cfmfh-
f[kf rb7 vjlbs7 &bhbsfl cfsmvtkc
lfde,heylts 2 usfdfpj,s 6 nehbc
itltut,c5 3fdbfvityb4 2 3vfmf,b4 !!_5(!7
cne 2 3se]b4 +hecsfdb‘ )#5*^7 sce 2
3lbyfvj4 **5^$7 3,eh]b4 +stkfdb‘ 2
cce ($5(*8
* yjtv,thc bsfvfit,ty cce 2 sce
+!@ cffspt‘7 3fdbfvityb4 2 3lbyfvj4 +!$
cffspt‘7 3,eh]b4 2 cne +!% cffspt7 stkfdib‘ lf 3se]b4 2 3vfmf,b4 +!* cffspt7 hecsfdib‘8
UBF GKFNJYBIDBKB8
THB/F=
BNFKBF8 6\ nehb8 3cfvgljhbf4 2 3vbkfyb4 _ 5!7 3hjvf4 2 3rfkbfhb4 %5!7
3bynthb4 2 3kfwbj4 !5!7 3bedtynecb4 2 3rbtdj4 #5_7 3gfhvf4 2 3fnfkfynf4 @5@7 3abjhtynbyf4 2 3ktxt4
$5_7 3vtcbyf4 2 3ht]byf4 @5!7 3cbtyf4
2 3,jkjybf4 !5!7 3kbdjhyj4 2
3,htibf4 @5!7 3elbytpt4 2 3gfkthvj4 !5_8
kblthsf ]ueab5 3bedtynecb4 2
@%7 3vbkfyb4 2 @_7 3ktxt4 2 !% mekf8
,jv,fhlbhb5 vjyntkf +3hjvf4‘ 2
( ujkb8
itvltu nehib bsfvfit,ty5 3,htibf4 2 3rbtdj47 3ht]byf4 2 3bedtynecb47 3abjhtynbyf4 2 3bynthb47
3rfkbfhb4 2 3kbdjhyj47 3,jkjybf4 2 3vtcbyf47 3gfkthvj4 2 3gfhvf47 3fnfkfynf4 2 3cfvgljhbf47
3kfwbj4 2 3cbtyf47 3ktxt4 2 3elbytpt47 3vbkfyb4 2 3hjvf48
TCGFYTSB8 6\ nehb8 3,bk,fj4 2
3,fhctkjyf4 !5!7 3cfhfujcf4 2 3ctdbkbf4 #5_7 3dfktycbf4 2 3fnktnb-
itvltu nehib bsfvfit,ty5 3xtkcb4 2 3tdthnjyb47 3fcnjy dbkf4 2
3gjhncvesb47 3kbdthgekb4 2 3,bhvbyutvb47 3yjhdbxb4 2 3,ktm,thyb47
3cfes/tvgnjyb4 2 3dtcn ,hjvdbxb47
3njnty/tvb4 2 3xfhknjyb47 3rhbcnfk gfkfcb4 2 3fhctyfkb47 3yberfckb4 2 3aek/tvb47 3vfyxtcnthb4
2 3cbnb47 3vblkc,hj4 2 3,jknjyb48
UTHVFYBF8 \6 nehb8 3ahfb,ehub4
2 3/thnf4 !5#7 3,jhecbf4 2 3ktdthreptyb4 !5_7 3/fyjdthb4 2 3,j[evb4
#5_7 3ukfl,f[b4 2 3,fbthyb4 @5_7
3djkac,ehub4 2 3vfbywb4 $5#7 3ifkrt4 2 3inenufhnb4 #5@ +vfcgby&tksfufy vtjht ujkb ktdfy rj,bfidbkvf ufbnfyf‘7 3dthlthb4 2 3/fv,ehub4 !5!7 3/fypf4 2 3ybehy,thub4
_5@7 3rfbpthb42 3,bktatklb4 @5!8
kblthsf ]ueab5 3djkac,ehub4 2
@$7 3ifkrt4 2 @!7 3inenufhnb47 3/
fyjdthb47 3,fbthyb4 2 @_-@_ mekf8
,jv,fhlbhb5 yjbdbkb +3ukfl,f[b4‘ 2 ( ujkb8
HF VJ[LF REY&EK VFKBJHRFPT7
JKBVGBFLBC LF[EHDBCFC0
NTHJHBCNT,B hjv xdtyb w[jdht,bc
.dtkf e,fypt itvjbzhyty7 seylfw
fhfgbhlfgbh7 tc \\|6 cfzflhfrj
jkbvgbflfvfw lfflfcnehf8
jkbvgbflbc lf[ehdbc cfptbvj wthtvjybfpt vj[lf bctsb fhfcfcbfvjdyj bywbltynb7 hjvtkbw eahj nthjhbpvc
erfdibhlt,f7 dblht ,h&tysf sfvfic8
vjut[ctyt,fs7 hjv cfzflhfrj jkbvgbflfpt wfkrtekb vjsfvfitt,bcsdbc
se ueylt,bcsdbc lfotct,ekbf hfvltybvt ]bklj lf sfcb8 itcf,fvbcb vtlkt,bs f]bkljt,ty .dtkf lfafpt e&kbthtct,c7 fctdt df;sf se mfksf nehybht,ib ufvfh]dt,ek vjzflhfrtt,c7
wfk-wfkrt ueylt,c8 fvfc ufhlf7 fhct,j,c rbltd thsb vtnfl &dbhafcb +gbh-
lfgbhb lf uflfnfybsb vybidytkj,bs‘
sfcb7 hjvtkbw fnfht,c mfksf ijhbc
vcjakbjc [esupbc xtvgbjybc7 hjujhw
mfksf7 bct df;sf ijhbc lbljcnfnbc
mfk,fnjy yjyf ufahbylfidbkbc cf[tkc8 tc sfcb uflftwtvf mfksf lf df;sf nehybht,bc cfthsj itltut,bs e&kbthtc ueylc8 rey&ek vfkbjhrfpt7
vjvwhj mfkfm rfkdbfib ufvfhsek
\\|6 jkbvgbflfpt hectsbc ueylt,vf
sevw dthw df;sf lf dthw mfksf ijhbc gbhdtkj,f dth vjbgjdf +66 lf 666
flubkt,b‘7 cfthsj itltut,bc vb[tldbs
yjyfc sfcb vfbyw vjbgjdf8 tcgfytsib7
lf[ehdbc wthtvjybbcsdbc .dtkf vjzflhfrt se cnevfhb cfptbvjl vjtvpflf8 mfk,fnjyvf yjyfv7 sehvt7 f[fkb
cfvjcbw itb&byf lf7 ,eyt,hbdbf7 tvpflt,jlf rbltw vbcb cf[tkj,bc sfcbc
otcbcfvt,h uflfcfwtvfl8
vjekjlytkfl7 vfcgby&kt,vf thsj,
henbyekfl lf eqbvqfvjl xffnfhtc lf]bkljt,bc wthtvjybf 2 bct7 hjv fhw
e[ctyt,bfs yjyfc sfcbc lfvffhct,kbc
cf[tkb7 sfdfl uflfcwtc bub hect,bc ofhvjvflutytkc8 fvbc vjvcoht lf nehybhbc vjyfobkt lbljcnfn pehf, fpvfbafhfidbkc7 hjvtkbw fvfdt lhjc cfmfhsdtkjc zflhfrbc atlthfwbbc sfyfghtpbltynb lf abltc dbwt-ghtpbltynbf7 ghjntcnbc cfvfhskbfyvf uh&yj,fv cwtybcrty e,b&uf8 vfc cehlf fv ecfvfhskj,bc
ufvjcojht,f7 hflufy7 nhflbwbekfl7 sfdfl mfk,fnjyb yjyf uflfcwtvc [jkvt
qbhctekt,c sfdbc cf[tkj,bc sfcc888
fm bxbyf sfdb ibibc bv cbylhjvvf7
hjvtkcfw flht itdt[ts8 nehybhbc
fynbnthjhbcnekvf lfvwdtkt,vf
babmhtc7 tc fk,fs nthjhbcnbf +pehf, fpvfbafhfidbkb=‘ lf dfb7 se fudfatsmjcj +0=‘ fv df;rfwt,vf fhw fwbtc7 fhw fw[tktc7 pehf,c cfrvfjl e[tifl itt[yty abpbrehfl lf vbc uf.dfyfc ittwflyty8 vjut[ctyt,fs7 pehf,
fpvfbafhfidbkb ]f,fyb lf eqjyj
hjlbf7 2 e,h&jkdtkfl dbc lffxfudhbyt,lf sfdc=
fv ufotd-ufvjotdfib7 hjujhw bhrdtdf7 ths-thsb fynbnthjhbcnekb
lfwdbc veifrb lfpbfyt,ekf8 vtnb hfqf eyljlfs vfkbjhrfc cfvfhsfklfvwdtkt,c= dthw pehf,bc vteqkbc
[vfvfqfkvf ghjntcnvf ufzhf7 dthw
abltc ghtpbltyn rbhcfy bkev;byjdbc s[jdyfv7 3nthjhbcnb4 fpvfbafhfidbkb lffrfdtc8
bvtlbf7 xdtyb [tkbceakt,bc cfufhtj cfmvtsf cfvbybcnhjc itcfathbcb cfvcf[ehbc cbnefwbfib xfhtdbc itvltu lhjekfl uffsfdbceakt,ty bv
flfvbfyc7 hjvtkcfw v[jkjl cfvfhskbfyj,bc fqlutyf cehlf jkbvgbflbc lf[ehdbcflvb vb&qdybk bv cfqfvjpt7 hjvtkbw fct ebq,kjl ofhbvfhsf xdtysdbc8
ueiby tcgfyehvf cfcfvfhskjv
,fnjyb pehf,b sfdlt,bs ufvjeidf
wb[blfy8
FYPJH ,FCBKFBF8
W[TYJCYJ,F
RFDRFCBBC SFCB CFMFHSDTKJIBF
W[TYJCYJ,BC vj.dfhekt,vf vtnfl
kfvfpb fcgfhtpj,f b[bktc s,bkbcbc
rfgbnjy yfz.t,bfc cf[tkj,bc bgjlhjvpt8 cfvb vtpj,tkb mdt.ybc 2 cfmfhsdtkjc7 fpth,fb]fybcf lf cjv[tsbc v[tlht,b thsvfytsc t]b,ht,jlyty cbxfemtcf lf cbcohfatib7 w[tybc vfhsdbc [tkjdyt,fib8
gbhdtk lqtc ufbvfhsf rjyrehb
3cbcohfat lf vfhsdf4 hjujhw
f[fkufphlf7 bct eahjcb fcfrbc
w[tyt,bs8 f[fkufphlf w[tyt,bs fcgfhtpj,f vjbuj ;jrtb-rke,bc
ofhvjvflutytkvf pehf, ]byzfhf&tv7 eahjcb fcfrbc w[tyt,bs ghbpbjhsf cfvtekb fct ufykfulf5 !8
wjnyt kf,fibf7 @8 utub vtnjyb&t7
#8 cfvtl vecftdb +fpth,fb]fyb‘8
f[fkufphlf w[tyt,bs nehybhbc vtjht lqtc fcgfhtpj,bcfc rdfhw[k,trbc .dtkf cfat[ehb vfcgby&kt,vf lfbcfreshtc5 !8 jvfh utkfidbkb7 @8 pehf, ]byzfhf&t7 #8 bdfyt yjhfrb&t8
bvfdt lqtc eahjcb fcfrbc w[tyt,bcsdbc lf,hrjkt,fsf uflfkf[dfib ufsfvfilf 3]jrthb47 fye mekfsf
vfmcbvevb8 fm .dtkfc f]j,f cfvtl Vecftdvf7 vtjht lf vtcfvt flubkt,b
[dlfs bhfrkb ,ektcrbhbfc lf utub
sbc ofhvjvflutytkb yjhfbh cntafybfyb7 vtcfvt rb 2 bhfrkb ,ektcrbhbf8 ufvfh]dt,ekb v[tlht,b lff]bkljdf bhfytkvf cnevfhvf hfmify
hflgehvf8
3uhfy-ghbc4 ufsfvfit,f eahjcb
fcfrbc w[tyt,bcfsdbc rdkfd vfcgby&tksf egbhfntcj,bs fqbybiyf5 !8
bhfrkb yfhvfybf7 @8 wjnyt kf,fibf7
#8 utub vtnjyb&t8
it]b,ht,bc lfcrdybs lqtc jh /bnfl ufsfvfilf vsfdfhb ghbpb2 3rfdrfcbbc sfcb48 tc ueylehb fcgfhtpj,f
lfvsfdhlf cfmfhsdtkjc yfrht,bc
ufvfh]dt,bs7 vtjht flubkpt ufdblf
fpth,fb]fybc ueylb8
fcgfhtpj,fv w[fl.j7 hjv w[tyjcyj,f 2 rfdrfcbtkb [fk[t,bc e&dtktcb cgjhnb 2 lqtcfw cfrvfj gjgekfhj,bs cfhut,kj,c7 fvfpt vtn.dtkt,c
seylfw bgjlhjvpt vjcekb vhfdfkb
uekitvfnrbdfhb8
CEHFST,PT5 uhfy-ghbc vakj,tkb
bhfrkb yfhvfybf9 utub vtnjyb&t9 uekitvfnrbdht,b8
}FDFH KJVF&BC lf
HJ,THN ,FUJBFYBC ajnj8
DTKJCGJHNB
LTLFMFKFMBC GBHDTKJ,FPT
CFVB lqbc ufyvfdkj,fib %_-pt vtnvf vjyfobktv uffsfvfif s,bkbcbc
gbhdtkj,bc ]bkljt,b dtkjnhtrpt8
df;t,ib $ evfqktcb [fhbc[bc vtlkbc vakj,tkb uf[lf ubjhub yflbhf&t8 vfy ufbvfh]df /bnib @__
vtnhpt7 cghbynib7 bylbdblefkeh
ufvjltdyt,bs h,jkfib # rbkjvtn-
rj4 !5!7 3tcgfybjkb4 2 3dbkbfhtfkb4 _5_7 3vfkbjhrf4 2 3hfcbyub4 !5@7
3ltgjhnbdj4 2 3fk,fctnt4 _5_7 3jcfceyf4 2 3ktdfynt4 _5!7 3htfkb4 2
3[tnfat4 @5_7 3,tnbcb4 2 3vfkfuf4
!5!7 3yevfycbf4 2 3cjcbtlflb4 _5@8
kblthsf ]ueab5 3,fhctkjyf4 2
@#7 3ctdbkbf4 2 !*7 3htfkb47 3ktdfynt47 3cfhfujcf4 2 !^-!^ mekf8
7
,jv,fhlbhb5 tnj j +3,fhctkjyf4‘ 2 ( ujkb8
itvltu nehib bsfvfit,ty5 3fk,fctnt4 2 3,tnbcb47 3fnktnbrj4 2 3cfhfujcf47 3,fhctkjyf4 2 3ltgjhnbdj47 3hfcbyub4 2 3yevfycbf47 3cjcbtlflb47 2 3tcgfybjkb47 3ctdbkbf4 2 3vfkbjhrf47 3[tnfat4 2 3dfktycbf47 3ktdfynt4 2 3,bk,fj47
3dbkbfhtkb4 3jcfceyf47 3vfkfuf4
2 3htfkb48
BYUKBCB8 \6 nehb8 3fhctyfkb4 2
3cfes/tvgnjyb4 @5@7 3dtcn ,hjvdbxb4 2 3xtkcb4 !5$7 3gjhncvesb4 2
3vfyxtcnthb4 @5_7 3,ktm,thyb4 2
3kbdthgekb4 @5@7 3aek/tvb4 2 3njnty/tvb4 @5_7 3tdthnjyb4 2 3fcnjy
dbkf4 !5!7 3xfhknjyb4 2 3vblkc,hj4 !5@7 3,jknjyb4 2 3dbkf4 !5!7
3xfhknjyb4 2 3vblkc,hj4 !5@7
3,jknjyb4 2 3yberfckb4 @5!7 3,bhvbyutvb4 2 3rhbcnfk gfkfcb4 _5!8
kblthsf ]ueab5 3fhctyfkb47
3xtkcb4 2 @^-@^7 3tdthnjyb4 2 @#
mekf8
,jv,fhlbhb5 fyhb +3fhctyfkb4‘ 2
) ujkb8
hpt lf ]ueaeh h,jkfib *% ohtpt
!% cfiefktlj abybibs8 /bnib %__
vtnhpt flubkblfy .dtkfc f]j,f
cthuj veh]brytkvf8 zf,ert,ib
+!)(( lf eahj udbfy okt,ib lf,flt,ekyb‘ fv cf[tj,t,ib ofhvfnt,fc
vbfqobf rf[f kjcfehfidbkvf +/bnib @__ lf %__ vtnhpt7 flubkblfy
bylbdblefkeh h,jkfib ufvjltd-
yt,bs @ rbkjvtnhpt‘8 ueyleh h,jkfib ufvjsbidbs cfgfnbj rdfhw[k,trpt fdblyty lfdbs fcrehfdf7
behb ptbrb&t lf ubuf [ewbidbkb8
cfmfhsdtkjc gbhdtkj,f yjtv,thib lbvbnhb epyf&bc mexfpt ufykfut,ek dtkjlhjvpt ufbvfhst,f8
UFHB FVBH[FYJDB8
itvltu nehib bsfvfit,ty5 3vfbywb4 2 3ukfl,f[b47 3,fbthyb4 2 3/fyjdthb47 3,j[evb4 2 3rfbpthb47 3,bktatklb4 2 3,jhecbf47 3ktdthreptyb4 2 3ahfb,ehub47 3/thnf4 2
3dthlthb47 3ybehy,thub4 2 3djkac,ehub47 3/fv,ehub4 2 3ifkrt47
3inenufhnb4 2 3/fypf48
CFAHFYUTSB8 \66 nehb8 3vfhctkb4
2 3vjyfrj4 !5!7 3kbkb4 2 3ctyn tnbtyb4 !5_7 3jcthb4 2 3gc;4 !5!7 3kbjyb4 2 3cnhfc,ehb4 !5_7 3,jhlj4 2
3kfycb4 !5!7 3cjij4 2 3nekepf4 @5_7
3fbfxj4 2 3yfynb4 !5!7 3ybwf4 2 3bcnhb4 _5_7 3htyb4 2 3rftyb4 !5!7 3vtwb4
2 3,fcnbf4 @5_8
kblthsf ]ueab5 3kbjyb4 2 @^7
3kbkb4 2 @%7 3jcthb4 2 @! mekf8
,jv,fhlbhb5 ahtb +3htyb4‘ 2 *
ujkb8
itvltu nehib bsfvfit,ty5 3,fcnbf4 2 3htyb47 3rftyb4 2 3cjij47 3bcnhb4 2 3kbkb47 3kfycb4 2 3kbjyb47
3gc;4 2 3vfhctkb47 3vjyfrj4 2 3fbfxj47 3yfynb4 2 3jcthb47 3ctyn tnbtyb4 2 3ybwf47 3cnhfc,ehb4 2 3,jhlj47 3nekepf4 2 3vtwb48
HECTSB8 \\|666 nehb8 wcrf 2
3rhbkbf4 !5!7 3vjcrjdb4 2 3cgfhnfrb4 @5#7 3njhgtlj4 2 3fkfybf4 #5@7
3hjnjhb4 2 3lbyfvj4 _5_7 3ibybrb4
2 3hjcnjdb4 !5_7 3fvrfhb4 2 3kjrjvjnbdb4 _5!7 3he,byb4 2 3.e,fyb4
@5_7 3cfnehyb4 2 3ptybnb4 !5#8
kblthsf ]ueab5 wcrf 2 %^7 3kjrjvjnbdb4 2 %%7 3ptybnb4 2 %# mekf8
FCT B>J .jdtksdbc5 cfyfv fmnbeh
cgjhnc vbcltdlf7 mdt.ybc e&kbthtcb xju,ehstkb fktmcfylht vtnhtdtkb thsb nehybhblfy vtjhtpt
byfwdkt,lf8
cek vwbht [ybs eotdlf cfvij,kjib lf j]f[ib .jayf8
fctf lqtcfw7 rjvtynfnjhb fktmcfylht vtnhtdtkb ufyeo.dtnkbd vjupfehj,c thsb mdt.yblfy vtjhtib7
hflufy vcjakbj cfxju,ehsj w[jdht,bc uflfndbhsek ufyhbuib rfktbljcrjgehb cbcohfabs tyfwdkt,f
thsvfytsc lblb nehybht,b8
fktmcfylht vtnhtdtkvf #^ okbc
fcfrib lffvsfdhf ,ho.bydfkt lf
efqhtcfl lf&f,ekb cgjhnekb rfhbthf8
hjv fhf ve[kbc ev&bvtcb nhfdvf7
fk,fs7 rbltd rfhuf [fyc fh lfsvj,lf cgjhnek fcgfhtpc8
atyjvtyfkeh xju,ehstkc fktmcfylht vtnhtdtkc @__$ okbc @ yjtv,thc echeklt,f lf,flt,blfy ^_
otkb8
lfeluhjvtkb fktmcfylht bctd vfhflbekb vupfdhbc hjkib udtdkbyt,f7 fv]thfl erdt cfxju,ehsj rjvtynfnjhbc vbcbbs fqzehdbkb8
cflfw fh eylf b.jc fktmcfylht
vtnhtdtkb7 fhfcjltc bdbo.t,c vij,kbeh atcdt,c7 vjyfnht,ek cfvij,kjc lf cb.dfhekbs ufvs,fh j]f[c8
&ytkbf b.j sbsmvbc velvbdfl
vjupfehj,fib v.jab gbhjdyt,bc vteqkt8
fktmcfylht vtnhtdtkbc vtjht yf[tdfhb7 rtsbkij,bkb vfylbkjcfyb
yfyf dfhljcfyb&t7 sevwf vteqktc ijhtek vjupfehj,t,ib fh lf/.dt,f7
vfuhfv ethsuektc sfyfvupfdhfl
hxt,f w[jdht,fib8
fktmcfylht vtnhtdtkc jhb df;b
2 bhfrkb lf fktmcfylht-evwhjcb /
.fdc8 jhbdtyb fhwse ehbujl sfvfij,lyty xju,ehsc8 vfuhfv7 vbptpsf
ufvj7 cf[tkjdfy vfvfc dth ufenjklyty7 sevwf7 utytnbrehfl xfythubkb
xju,ehsbc cb.dfhekb fh ufytkt,bfs lf vjvfdfk sfj,t,c odhsybfy8
j]f[ehb nhflbwbf uh&tklt,f8 bmyt, fktmcfylht vtnhtdtkbc js[b
idbkbidbkblfy ths-thsvf vfbyw it&kjc gfgbctekb vodthdfkt,bc lfg.hj,f888
cojhtl j]f[bf vfhflbekb vjupfehbc bc yfdcf.eltkb7 hjvtkbw ufyijht,fc lf c[dfufy .jayfc efldbkt,c erdt fcfrjdfy vupfdhc8
vhfdfkhbw[jdfy j]f[c vpheydtkj,f lf ityf[df czbhlt,f7 fvbnj-
rehybrjdf bctd
ufvjxylf
RFHUF [fybf7 fqfhfathb smvekf xju,ehsbc hectstk dfhcrdkfd fyf
rehybrjdfpt8 hjltcfw bc cf,jkjjl xfvjijhlf xju,ehsc7 vbcb cehfst,bw sfylfsfy ufmhf vjlehb
;ehyfkt,bc aehwkt,blfy7 fctdt zjhbrfyf ufptst,blfy7 hjvkt,bw .dtkfathpt lf fhfathpt othty8 rehybrjdf lfbdbo.tc7 cfvfubthjl ufvjxylyty f[fkb yjhxb dfhcrdkfdt,b7 hjvkt,bw vjv[b,dktkb ufhtuyj,bsfw ufvjbhxtdbfy lf nehybht,ibw bvfh]dt,ty8 f[kf njrbjib fyf
fqfh f[cjds7 cfvfubthjl 3sfdc brkfdty4 vfhbf ifhfgjdfc fdnjuhfabcfsdbc8
fctdt vcjakbj dfhcrdkfdt,sfy 2
gfdkt ,ehtlfy lfo.t,ekb tyhbrt buktcbfcbs lfvsfdht,ekb7 mjhobyt,t,bcf se zjht,bc itvltu7 vcjakbj
.dbstk ghtcfpt ufyfo.tyt,ekb rehybrjdf cflqfw uflfbrfhuf8 sevwf7
fk,fs7 aekb yfvldbkfl czbhlt,jlf8 lf fb7 hectstkb kfvfpvfyb +fk,fs hectsib7 lblb [fybf7 fh .jabkf‘ bctd ufvjxylf 3gjlbevpt48
wyj,bkb ufvjidt,f 3vfmcbvb47
hjvkbc aehwkt,pt vhfdfkb dfhcrdkfdbf +vfhnj cgjhnekb rb fhf‘
uf,ho.byt,ekb7 yjtv,hbc yjvthib
rdkfd e,heylt,f fyfc8 fvbcsdbc vfc
vje[lf rey&ek ctyn-rbncpt ufvupfd-
ht,f8 bm rehybrjdf gkf;t,pt yt,bdhj,lf7 ajnjuhfat,bcf lf jgthfnjht,bc oby gjpbjhj,lf8 fv ;ehyfkbc cfbnpt vbcb efvhfdb ajnjc
yf[df itb&kt,f8
fyf vidtybdhfl
ufvjb.eht,f7 pjubthsbcsdbc bc7
itb&kt,f7 wjnf
dekufhekbw
b.jc7 vfuhfv tc
[jv ebv,kljyb
fhff0=
dbcb yfrht,bf 2
,hfpbkbbcf se
tdhjgbcf0
UFVJW[FLLF at[,ehsib ,hfpbkbbc
yfrht,bc itvflutykj,f7 hjvtkvfw
@__^ okbc vcjakbj gbhdtkj,bc itcfhxtdb nehybhbc vfnxb !* yjtv,thc
eylf ufvfhsjc trdfljhsfy8
fqcfybiyfdbf7 hjv yfrht,b &bhbsflfl lfrjvgktmnt,ekbf tdhjgfib vjsfvfit at[,ehstkt,bs5 vtrfhtt,b5 lblf +3vbkfyb4 2 bnfkbf‘7 ;ekbe ctpfhb +3akfvtyuj4‘7 vwdtkt,b5 rfae +3vbkfyb4 2 bnfkbf‘7 vfbrjyb +3vjyfrj4 2 cfahfyutsb‘7 hj,thnj rfhkjcb +3htfkb4 2 tcgfytsb‘7 ;bk,thne +3/thnf4 2 uthvfybf‘7 hjrt ;eybjhb7 ;efyb +jhbdt 3,fbthb4 2 uthvfybf‘7 kecbe +3,fdfhbf4 2 uthvfybf‘7 kebpfe +3,tyabrf4 2
gjhneufkbf‘8 yf[tdfhvwdtkt,b5 lele cthftyct +3htyb4 2 cfahfyutsb‘7
rkt,thcjyb +3vfxtcnth beyfbntlb4
2 byukbcb‘7 tle +3fhctyfkb4 2 byukbcb‘7 ;eybybe gthyfv,erfye +3kbjyb4 2 cfahfyutsb‘7 pt hj,thne
+3,fdfhbf4 2 uthvfybf‘7 rfrf +3vbkfyb4 2 bnfkbf‘7 htyfne7 ;ekbe ,fgnbinf +jhbdt 3ctdbkbf4 2 tcgfytsb‘7
sfdlfvc[vtkt,b5 hjyfkle +3htfkb4
vfw uh&tklt,f ufesfdt,tkb vjupfehj,f888
yfwyj,b cehfsbf 2 fehfw[tk xdtyc
sfyfvtvfvektcsfy thsfl7 fhfths
wyj,bk [tkjdfyc7 vtwybthcf se
cgjhncvtyc eotdc cfpqdfhufhts ihjvbs cfvij,kjib lfhxtybk f[kj,kt,pt pheydf8
vwbht [ybc obyfs mdt.fyfib uf,fnjyt,ek mfjcc lf ufyerbs[fj,fc dthw
fktmcfylht vtnhtdtkb uflfehxf8 cf[tkjdfyb xju,ehstkb fb&ektc cfvij,kj lftnjdt,byf lf c[dfufy t&bf
cfvjqdfotj fcgfhtpb8
lqtc cfmfhsdtkjib ufyc[dfdt,ekb
dbsfht,ff7 .jdtkv[hbd vbcfcfkvt,tkb lf v[fhlfcfzthbf ghtpbltyn vb[tbk cffrfidbkbc cf[tkvobajt,hbdb gjpbwbf7 hjvtkbw sfyfvtvfvektsf cfvij,kjib lf,heyt,fc bcf[fdc
vbpyfl8
lf,heyt,ekt,c cfsfyflj lf[dtlhf czbhlt,fs8 vfs ijhbc7 dbcfw mdt.ybcsdbc lblb cfhut,kj,bc vjnfyf ite&kbf7 ths-thsb egbhdtktcb7 cf[tkufysmvekb xju,ehstkb lf rjvtynfnjhb fktmcfylht vtnhtdtkbf8
vfhflbekb vjupfehb eylf lfe,heyltc cfvij,kjc lf .dtkf gbhj,f
ittmvyfc cfbvbcjl7 hjv cfmfhsdtkjc
cfrtsbklqtjl bqdfojc8
UBDB X[BRDBIDBKB8
GTHCGTMNBDF
FHUTYNBYF BODTDC
HJUJHW itdbn.dts7 ltrtv,hblfy cfmdt.yjl wyj,bkb fhutynbybc at[,ehstksf evfqktcb vjvpflt,bc wtynhb
+[tkv&qdfytkb lf vsfdfhb vodhsytkb tlefhlj tvbkbj ltkuflj‘
fo.j,c ,fdidsf lf vjpfhlsf7 f[fkufphlekb lf evfqktcb kbubc ueylt,bc itrht,fc ,etyjc-fbhtccf lf
vfk-ltk-gkfnfib7 fuhtsdt vodhsytksf ctvbyfht,c lf !)(%-(^-(*-((
okt,ib lf,flt,ek at[,ehstksf cnf;bht,fc thsblfy cfvb sdbc dflbs8
wtynhbc cfmfhsdtkjc ofhvjvflutykj,fib udfeo.tc7 hjv ueylt,c
jhufybpfnjht,b vjeo.j,ty fv[fyfueh it[dtlht,c7 [jkj vodhsytkt,b lftcoht,bfy ctvbyfht,c lf vbbqt,ty itcf,fvbc cthnbabrfnc8
ZHTKFZHEKF
SFVFP MBMFDF8
vtnjyb&tc8 #_ jmnjv,thc ufvfhsek
it]b,ht,fib f[fkufphlf w[tyt,bcfsdbc lbl ghbppt rdkfd pehf, ]byzfhf&tv bvfh]df7 vtjht b.j cjv[t-
7
cgjhnb
1 @%$7 CFVIF,FSB7 @ YJTV,THB7 @__$ OTKB8
2 tcgfytsb‘7 hjyfklbybe +3,fhctkjyf4 2 tcgfytsb‘7 flhbfye +3bynthb4 2 bnfkbf‘7 kebc af,bfye +3gjhne4 2 gjhneufkbf‘8
hjujhw [tlfds7 yfrht,ib v[jkjl thsflthsb at[,ehstkbf7 dbyw
cfvij,kjib sfvfij,c8 bcvbc rbs[df 2 ,hfpbkbbc yfrht,bf se tdhjgbcf0
;ehyfkbcnt,vf
itflubytc
hfw itt[t,f cnf;bht,fpt ufvupfdht,ek at[,ehstkt,c7 ]th bcbyb wtynhib ufbdkbfy cfsfyflj vjvpflt,bc
rehcc lf v[jkjl fvbc itvltu ofhflutyc vfs wtynhb fhutynbybc rke,t,ib8
cfmfhsdtkjlfy ofhupfdybkt,c
wtynhb epheydtk.jac lf[dtlhbs7 ufwbkt,bs7 cfcnevhjsb7 rdt,bs7 cfdfh]bij vjtlyt,bs7 cfvtlbwbyj vjvcf[eht,bs7 reknehekb ghjuhfvbs lf
nehybht,pt lfcoht,bs8
vcehdtksf ]ueabc lfrjvgktmnt,fcf lf fhutynbyfib ofhlutyfc ufyf[jhwbtkt,c wtynhbc ofhvjvflutytkb !_-lfy !@ cffsfvlt .jdtklqt rdbhbc ufhlf 3vjupfehsf rke,bc4 jabcib vbcfvfhspt5 ktjyb&bc m8 1$8 ntktajyb5 )@-!_-^_8
3ujkab sfylfsfy xtvsdbc .dtkfathpt vfqkf lfluf7 vfcpt dabmhj,lb cf[kibw rb7 fvbc itltufl cfsfyflj .ehflqt,fc dth desvj,lb
fbvthcf lf ,fdidt,c48 sfdbcb j]f[ehb ghj,ktvt,b rb vjrktl fct ufvj[fnf5 3vt welb mvfhb lf vfvf db.fdb48
thsb sdtw fh ufcekf lf vjynujvthvf sfdbcb cfmwbtkbs lfflfcnehf sfdbcbdt yfsmdfvb8 vje[ibhf it[dtlht,c wyj,bk tcgfytk vjltksfy
bytc cfcnhsfy8 hjujhw ghtcf bn.j-
TDHJGBC cgjhnek ufvjwtvfsf fcjwbfwbfv +ESM‘ rdkfdbylt,ehfl itflubyf tdhjgbc cbv,jkehb yfrht,b
at[,ehsib 3,t,thb rjynbytynbc4
thjdyekb xtgbjyfnt,bc jmnjv,hbc
itltut,bc vb[tldbs8
tdhjgbc f[fk cbv,jkeh yfrht,ib
vj[dlyty5 ,eajyb +3bedtynecb4 2 ^ mekf‘7 athlbyfylb +3vfyxtcnth beyfbntlb4 2 %‘7 nthb +3xtkcb4 2 *‘7 rfyfdfhj +3bedtynecb4 2 #‘7 rjekb +3fhctyfkb4 2 #‘7 tccbtyb +3kbjyb4 2 #‘7
hjyfklbybe +3,fhctkjyf4 2 ^‘7 ytldtlb +3bedtynecb4 2 $‘7 itdxtyrj +3vbkfyb4 2 ^‘7 flhbfyj +3bynthb4 2 (‘7
7
tnj j +3,fhctkjyf42 %‘8
vjltkb
fv]j,byf
ITEQKT,BLFY sjs[vtnb okbc itvltu wyj,bkb ijnkfylbtkb vtujkat rjkby vjynujvthb ufcwbklf
wjkc8 3tc cfibytkb uflfo.dtnbkt,ff jhbdtcsdbc lf j]f[bcsdbc47 2
ufyfw[flf tdhjgekb ujkabc )_bfyb okt,bc dfhcrdkfdvf7 bvlty
aekc hjv ijekj,lf7 dthw rb [fh]fdlf8
@___ otkc vjynujvthb ths[tk
erdt ufcwbklf vteqktc7 hfw sfdbc fdnj,bjuhfabfib fct f[cyf5
,byt,f7 f[kf bcbyb ghfmnbrekfl cek
thsfl fhbfy8 hjujhw xfyc7 ujkab
tcgfytk vjltkc bct fh fqbpbfyt,c7
hjujhw vjynbc .jabk wjkc8
fqcfybiyfdbf bcbw7 hjv )_-bfyb okt,bc rbltd cfvb vtujkat 2 atl rfgkpb7 ybr atklj lf ]jy ltbkb 2 uf.hfc dth uflfehxf8
CGJHNBC HTLFMWBF
CYAN BLACK
8
,jkj udthlb
FK,JVB
ITVJMVTLT,BSB CFQFVJT,B
.dtkfc hfbvt fmdc cf[cjdfhb
FRFLTVBRJCB ubjhub f[dktlbfyb +pbc vtjht hbuib7 iefib‘ kjujgtlsf lf[tkjdyt,bc jhsdbfyb rehct,bc vjyfobktt,sfy8 !)^_ otkb8
vjudfojlf SBYF KJHSMBAFYB&TV8
WJNFW UFDBQBVJS888
2 HF uf&kt,byt,c
fcts pfhvfw wjksfy0=
2 vtpfht,f f[kbc &t,yf888
* * *
2 LTLBRJ7 vjlb7 tc ltblf db.bljs7 2 te,yt,f gfnfhf vb[j mexfib vfhjc8
2 idbkj7 hjujh itb&kt,f wjw[fkb flfvbfybc .bldf7 cfl ufbut tc0
2 vfhskf fh itb&kt,f0
f,f7 vfvbrj cek hjv .blekj,lf fv ltblfc0
* * *
2 GFNBJCFYBFJ7 vtrbs[t,bs0 2 bctsb qdsbc gbhblfy ufdfhlybkbf7 rtynfdhc
w[tyc vj/gfhfdc8
* * *
SE sfyfvjcfe,htc ezbhc
rbs[dfpt gfce[bc ufwtvf7 tct
bub7 rbs[df cojhfl lfubcdfvs8
* * *
>JDTKB zrdbfyb mfkb mfhfaienfl vjufxdtyt,c
sfdc lf v[jkjl mfhfaienf vfylbkjcfyb vbbxytdc
sfdc zrdbfyfl8
* * *
DBHECB fynbdbhecbcufy
UB{FHJLTY=
bvbs ufyc[dfdlt,f7 hjv
eafcjl dhwtklt,f8
* * *
VJTMTWB flfvbfyt,c bct7
hjujhw utyljvt,jlf7 hjv
tc eyfvecjt,b ity vjumwtjlyty8
* * *
2 F,F7 xmfhf7 ybdst,b xffkfut7 ityb sfdb gjrthib
ofdfut7 eylf ofub.dfyj7 2
te,yt,f mvfhb wjkc8
2 hfc /mdbf7 offut0=88
2 hf dbwb7 fh ufvbvfhskf8
rbltd rfhub7 lhjpt itdxthlb7 sjhtv xtvc ghtvbfcfw
ufdafynfdlb8
* * *
2 VBCVBYT7 idbkj7 2 te,yt,f bylbtkt,bc ,tkflb
df;c7 2 se athvrhsfkb mfkb jltcvt utn.dbc7 2 ufvbrtst .dtkfathb7 hfw ubylfj7 2 ye bxmfht, vbcsdbc
crfkgbc vj[cyfc=
* * *
2 DFCBF7 dfcrf7 vjv[tlt7
thsb=
2 hf ubylf0
2 ity hjv mfkb .jabkb.fdb7 3gktb,jbcsdbc4 ibidtkb cehfsc uflfbqt,lb0
2 hjujh ubs[hf7 uffxybf7
hf sfy[fc itvjvsfdfpt,ty888
2 j/7 it rf[gfd= .dtkf mfkb thsyfbhb [fhs=
lqbc rfktylfhb
@ yjtv,hbcsdbc

IDBKT,B LF
IDBKBIDBKT,B
XTVB j]f[b
lqtc $ idbkbsf lf ^ idbkbidbkbs [fhj,c8 xtvc iefsfyf mfkbidbkc mtstdfyc
fv lqtt,ib
n.egb ,bzb itt&byf 2 ktdfyb lf bkbrj8 evwhjc df;bidbkc yjlfhc7 hjvtkbw fv okbyf[tdhbc oby lfdfmjhobyt7
erdt ,bzb /.fdc7 2 wjnyt8 fct hjv vt
lf xtvb vteqkt idbkt,bsf lf idbkbidbkt,bs d[fhj,s8
bc b.j ktdfy rj,f[b&tv htlfmwbbc rfhb
ufb[ehf7 cfmfhsdtkjc cfgfnhbfhmjc
ovbylf bjfrbvtcf lf fyfc cf[tkj,bc cfvij,bfhj cf[kblfy eahjcvf vtllfv tsth
nbndbyb&tv udfwyj,f5
2 gbhdtkb jmnjv,hblfy #! jmnjv,hbc xfsdkbs xdtysfy !%@ ,fdidb lfb,flf8 vfs ijhbc wfuthbc hfbjybc cjatk udtcjlfy stf vbmf&t-ujktsbfyc gbhdtkb mfkbidbkb itt&byf8 vtcnbbc hfbjybc cjatk ktynt[blfy ukfnrb uektlfyc df;b t.jkf7 [jkj mesfbcblfy yfhubpf f,;fylf&t-vjctidbkc vtjhtw df;b
/.fdc8
LFB,FLYTY5
!*%% 2 vfhb-fynefytnf7 cfahfyutsbc ltljafkb7 keb \|6-bc vteqkt7 sfdb vjrdtstc !*)# otkc8
!(!% 2 ]jh] ,ekb7 byukbctkb
kjubrjcb lf vfstvfnbrjcb7 cbv,jkehb kjubrbc ae&tvlt,tkb7
ufhlfbwdfkf !(^$ otkc8
!(^! 2 vjhbc ,kjyltkb7 ahfyub
abkjcjajcb7 ufhlfbwdfkf !)$)
otkc8
!(^% 2 ejhty ufvfkbtk /fhlbyub7 fii-c @)-t ghtpbltynb7 ufhlfbwdfkf !)@# otkc8
!()! 2 dkflbvth ;qtynb7 gfsjkju-fyfnjvb7 gfsjkjubehb fyfnjvbbc ae&tvlt,tkb cfmfhsdtkj-
ubuf kjhsmbafyb&t7 vfvblf
sfse7 ,b&f lfsj js[vtpeht,b7
,b&t,b rj,f7 df[j vfbcehf&tt,b j]f[t,bs beo.t,bfy7 hjv
nhfubrekfl lfbqegf
LFSJ JS[VTPEHB8
cfmfhsdtkjc vtwybtht,fsf
frfltvbbc df[einb ,fuhfnbjybc cf[tkj,bc utjuhfabbc bycnbnenbc rjktmnbdb sfyfeuh&yj,c bycnbnenbc ,b,kbjstrbc ufvutc7 mfk,fnjy tsth
tkbjpfidbkc
LBC
ufhlfwdfkt,bc ufvj lf cfv&bvfhc ew[flt,c ufycdtyt,ekbc
j]f[c8
FRFRB [JHFDFC cf[tkj,bc vcf[bj,bc
cf[kib f[fkufphlekb vfmcbvfkbpvb
ibidtk tysepbfpvc ittho.f7 sfyfvtlhjdtj,fib f[fkufphlf [tkjdfysf bltf7 fye cfsmvtkb7 vf.eht,kbcsdbc sfyfpbfhb itbmvyf8 b.j qtkdf7 tvjwbf7 uekohatkb jdfwbf888 b.j
e,hfkj cwtyjuhfabf7 vobhb ,enfajhbf7 cbv,jkehb fmctcefhb8
vjyjcgtmnfrkt,ib sfvfij,lyty
v[jkjl f[fkufphlt,b7 rekbct,ib
fh bcvjlf e[th[ekb itrbs[dt,b5 fct
hfnjv uflfo.dbnt0 fct hfnjv abmhj,0 tc ufvbpyekfl smdb se itvs[dtdbs ofvjuwlf088 cwtybc vbqvf fh
b.j e[th[ekj,bc ofvbthb ituh&yt,f7
fhw thsb .fk,b 3yjnb4 fy seylfw7
ufew[jt,bc tatmnb8
cgtmnfrkt,bc lfo.t,fvlt .dtkf
rbs[ekj,lf5 hjujh fqbmvt,f kbanib
3ufztlbkb4 flfvbfybc cfe,fhb0 hfc
eojlt,ty 3cegthvtkjlbfc4 lf hjujhbf 3w[jdht,f cfodfdbc ufhtit04
dbyw yf[f ubjhub cb[fhekb&bc vf[dbkb ht;bcjhekb [tldbs uflfo.dtnbkb jsfh gthnf[bfc gbtcf 3kbanib47 vfc fk,fs fhfclhjc lffdbo.lt,f lf vcufdc cbnefwbfib htaktmcehfl uff[ctylt,f vfk[fp f,ekf&bc cfbynthtcj uvbhbc ctynbvtynfkehb7 sevwf7 bevjhbs ufpfdt,ekb
dhwtkb vjyjkjub888 hfpt itb&kt,f bkfgfhfrjc kbanib 3ufztlbkvf4 rfwvf0 2 .dtkfathpt888 w[jdht,bctek ereqvfhsj,t,pt7 flfvbfyeh
ehsbthsj,t,pt888 lf sfy babmhjc7
cegthvtkjlbfpt0=8
VJDKTYT,B5
FVJLBC _^8#(
XFLBC !%8$*
ib7 vtlbwbybc vtwybtht,fsf ljmnjhb7 ufhlfbwdfkf !)*@ otkc8
!)_# 2 dbmnjh reghf&t7 vfstvfnbrjcb7 cfmfhsdtkjc vtwybtht,fsf
frfltvbbc frfltvbrjcb7 ufhlfbwdfkf !)(% otkc8
!)_^ 2 kerbyj dbcrjynb7 ufvjxtybkb bnfkbtkb ht;bcjhb lf cwtyfhbcnb7 ufhlfbwdfkf !)*^ otkc8
!)!! 2 tkbnbc jlbctecb7 ,th&tyb
gjtnb7 yj,tkbc ghtvbbc kfehtfnb8
!)#$ 2 jsfh bjctkbfyb7 wyj,bkb
rbyjht;bcjhb8
!*@! otkb 2 gtnht 6 bvgthfnjhfl frehs[tc8
!(() otkb 2 cfv[hts lf xhlbkjts lfrjnf fvthbrbc #)-t lf $_t infnt,b uf[lyty8
!()$ otkb 2 ybrjkjp 66 hectsbc bvgthfnjhfl frehs[tc8
!)!$ otkb 2 hectsvf jvb ufvjew[flf sehmtsc8
!)@( otkb 2 abkfltkabfib itluf l8 ijcnfrjdbxbc gbhdtkb cbvajybbc ghtvbthf8
!)$% otkb 2 bfgjybfv [tkb vjfothf rfgbnekfwbbc fmnc8
!)$^ otkb 2 nfirtynib &kbthb
vbobc&dhf vj[lf7 hbc itltuflfw
ufyfluehlf fsfcj,bs cf[kb8
!)$( otkb 2 /fhb nhevtyvf fii-c
cfghtpbltynj fhxtdyt,ib ufbvfh]df8
!)*^ otkb 2 fii-c ghtpbltynb
]bvb rfhnthb uf[lf8
UFHLFBWDFKYTY5
QBHCCF[CJDFHB LQTT,B5
!)^_ 2 lbvbnhb vbnhjgjkjcb7
,th&tyb lbhb;jhb7 gbfybcnb lf rjvgjpbnjhb7 lfb,flf!()^ otkc8
!)%( 2 flfv rfhcb7 byukbctkb vecbrfsvwjlyt7 rjvgjpbnjhb7 lfb,flf !(*( otkc8
,jkbdbf7 ,hfpbkbf7 vtmcbrf7 tkcfkdfljhb lf eheudfb 2 cekt,bc lqt8
trdfljhb 2 vbwdfkt,eksf [ctyt,bc lqt8
OKBC #_*-T LQT7 F[FK OKFVLT LFHXF %) LQT8
[CTYT,F lblvjofvt fhntvbcf +#^#‘8
w[hf lqtib lfluvekb cgtmnfrkb7 hjvtkbw
jwb kfhb lf]lf7 vjcrjdib vbfmds
XDTYB NTKTAJYT,BF5 )#-#$-_$9 ))-*#-@$8
 FVJLBC !(8!%7 XFLBC !@8$)
CFTRKTCBJ RFKTYLFHB5
1 @%$7 CFVIF,FSB7 @ YJTV,THB7 @__$ OTKB8
VTLBF-YBECB8
3cegthvtkjlbf4 f[fkufphlf ht;bcjhbc cflbgkjvj yfveitdfhbf888
uehfv ,htuf&tv fhutynbytkb lhfvfnehubc rfhkjc ujhjcnbc tc gbtcf
) lqtib lfluf7 hjvkbc ,be]tnbw
@_ kfhcfw fh ufcwlf8 vcf[bj,bc cf[kbc [fylfpvek cwtyfpt ufsfvfit,fvlt7 cgtmnfrkbc ghtvbthf hecsfdbc
gbhdtk cfg.hj,bktib itluf8
2 bwbs7 gfnbvht,b cfpjufljt,bcufy
bvltyfl ufhb.ekyb fhbfy7 hjv xdtysdbc 2 itvjmvtlt,bsb ]ueabcsdbc7
vybidytkjdfyb b.j7 se hjujh vbbqt,lyty bcbyb fv gbtcfc8 cgtmnfrkib vfssdbc fmnefkehb lf ghbjhbntnekb sfdbceakt,bc stvf bmwf8
vfhsfkbf7 tc fhutynbyekb gbtcff7
vfuhfv sfyfvtlhjdt .jafib rfhxfrtnbkj,bc ghj,ktvfc utjuhfabekb cfpqdht,b fh uffxybf8 hjujhw
lhfvfnehub7 fctdt xdtyw7 ahfyw rfarfc ufdktybc mdti vjdtmtwbs888 gbtcfib itdbnfyt xtvtekb rjhtmnbdt,b 2 fm tkdbc ghtckbc vecbrfc
3cegthvtkjlbbc4 lfndbhsdf vbdfybzt8 fctw eylf .jabkb.j7 hflufyfw vbcb vecbrf vfhfl wjw[fkbf lf
sfdbceakt,bc bltfcsfy fcjwbhlt,f888
dyf[js7 hjujh itfafct,ty fv ofhvjlutyfc vjcrjdib7 cflfw xt[jdbc
atcnbdfkpt dfhs vbodtekyb8 bm !@
bdybcc erdt cgtmnfrkb udfmdc lfutuvbkb7 2 vtcfe,ht,f ht;bcjhb uehfv ,htuf&t8
cwtyfpt 3cegthvtkjlbbc4 fmnbjhekb ybqf,b rfhufl vjbhutc lf
uvbhsf gjhnhtnekb inhb[t,b eie-
{CJDYF
fkjl ufbsfdbctc ybrjkjp mfwfhb&tv7 ltdb ht[dbfidbkvf7 sbyfsby
mehlf&tv lf cjcj vufkj,kbidbkvf8
3w[jdht,f cfodfdbc ufhtit4 dth
ofhvjblubytc ybyj abkafyvf lf rjnt sjkjhlfdfv7 hjvtksf cfbynthtcj cf[tt,b cgtmnfrkib &kbthb
bvgekct,bs lfbndbhsf8 rj,f w[frfbfc gbtcf v&fahb tmcghtcbbsf lf
bevjhbcnekb gfcf;t,bs
uffwjw[kf ktkf zbyzfhfekvf lf vf.eht,tkc
flfvbfybc gbhjdyek 3vtpt4 vbfybiyf8
lfsj ifkbrfidbkvf
3levbkbc gjtpbfc4 vbvfhsf7 2 gfynjvbveh gkfcnib xf[kfhsekb vbybfnbeht,b ofhvjudblubyf7
hjvtkbw xevb jcnfnj,bs7 c[tekbc tybs ffvtn.dtkf8
f[fkufphlf itvjmvtlsf thsb cfqfvj vbt&qdyf mfhsekb lf hecekb gjtpbbc %%
oesc888 ubjhub vtuhtkbidbkvf &fkpt
e,hfkjl ofbrbs[f cfcfe,hj bynjyfwbt,sfy vbf[kjt,ekb f[vfnjdfc7 wdtnftdfc ktmct,bc bynbvehb cnhbmjyt,b888 vfbfrjdcrbc &kbthb gfsjcbs
fqzehdbkb vjnbdt,b888 geirbybc 3vjwfhnb lf cfkbthb4888 vfrf ifkbrfidbkbc hbnvekb cnbmbf rb ufkfrnbjybc dbhnejpek gjtnbrfc lferfdibhlf5 3hfw eahj ijhc [fh7 vbs
eahj dnr,t,b= vt ityib vb.dfhc jwyt,f xtvb888 lf se fhf [fh bc7 dbcfw dabmhj,7 vt lqtc fh dyfqdkj,7
lft dwlt,jlt=4 itvltu nthtynb uhfytkbc vtkfymjkbeh kbhbrfc itt[vbfyf 2 3cekb cfpqdfhc uflfcwlt,f ahtybs7 f[kfw vf[cjdc vbcfvfhsb
ityb48
jhb vcf[bj,b rkfcbrjct,bc
wjw[fk itltdht,c rbs[ekj,lf cfqfl7 kfqfl7 e,hfkjl888 .jdtkudfhb lhfvfnbpvbcf lf tmcghtcbbcufy
ijhc8 ktkf stkbf rb lfsj fhxdf&tcsfy thsfl vqthjlf hecek
hjvfyct,c888
2 &fkbfy vb.dfhc hecekb kbnthfnehf7 ufycfresht,bs gjtpbf8
pfa[ekj,bs7 hjwf vfmdc lhj7 fb7
vfiby7 byntycbehfl drbs[ekj, [jkvt hecek vothkj,fc8 drbs[ekj,
xtvsdbc888 mfhsekb gjtpbf cfrvfjl
thjdyekbf7 cek c[df cbqhvtt,bc
vmjytf888 fb7 hecekb rb kbhbpvbs
fhbc cfdct lf cek c[df afctekj,t,c t[vfeht,f 2 fm7 fv cwtyfpt vbyljlf geirbyb7 f[vfnjdf se vfbfrjdcrb bct ofvtrbs[f7 hjujhw fqdbmdfv8 fv,j,ty7 vfbfrjdcrb cfrvfjl vrfwhbfj7 vfuhfv vt fct fh dabmhj,8 xtvb fphbs7 cojhtl fv cbvrfwhtibf ufv;qfdyt,ekb vbcb flf-
vbfyehb ,eyt,f7 cbs,j888 bc othc bvfc7
hfw .dtkfcsdbc ufcfut,bf lf fhf
v[jkjl vbcsdbc cfcbfvjdyj888 fb7
f[vfnjdf rb geirbyvf itvf.dfhf4 7
2 fv,j,c ubjhub vtuhtkbidbkb8
gjtpbbc itvltu ujhbc ubjhub
thbcsfdbc cf[tkj,bc cf[tkvobaj
stfnhvf7 mesfbcbc kflj vtc[bidbkbc cf[tkj,bc cf[tkvobaj frfltvbehvf stfnhvf lf vtc[tsbc cf[tkvobaj lhfvfnekvf stfnhvf cfbynthtcj cgtmnfrkt,b ofhvjudblubyf
2 hfvfp bjctkbfybc ht;bcjhek
lfluvfib 3othjc ahst,b4 vcf[bj,ehb vbuyt,t,bs ufvjbhxtjlyty
udfywf lflbfyb&t lf bhfrkb ujujkf&t8 sfvfp bvyf&tv rb vfbrk ahtbybc
gbtcfib 3[vfehb cwtybc vbqvf47 2 vbctekb rjhtmnbdt,b itbnfyf8
vcf[bj,bc cf[kib f[fkufphlf itvjmvtlsf cfqfvjt,b bv bvtlbs lfcheklf7 hjv fv nhflbwbek qjybc&bt,t,c vjvfdfkib ufuh&tkt,f tmyt,f8
VPT[F VF[FHF&T8
CEHFST,PT5 ybrjkjp mfwhb&t7 ltdb ht[dbfidbkb7 sbyfsby mehlf&t lf cjcj vufkj,kbidbkb cgtmnfrkib 3cegthvtkjlbf49 ubjhub
vtuhtkbidbkb7 vfrf ifkbrfidbkb
lf lfsj fhxdf&t +ptdbs‘8
PEHF, LFSEFIDBKBCF lf
}TVFK RFCHF&BC ajnj8
{CJDYF
HTDFP ,FQLFDF&T
cfmfhsdtkjc cf[tkvobaj cnfnbcnbrfv
v&bvt lfyfrkbcb ufybwflf8 vjekjlytkfl
ufhlfbwdfkf cnfnbcnbrbc bvthtsbc v[fhbc cfvvfhsdtkjc eahjcb htdfp eifyubc &t ,fqlfdf&t8
htdfp ,fqlfdf&t lfb,flf !)%* o8 o.fkne,jc hfbjybc cja8 n.fxbhib8 crjkbc lfvsfdht,bc itvltu xfbhbw[f bdfyt ]fdf[bidbkbc cf[tkj,bc s,bkbcbc cf[tkvobaj
eybdthcbntnib7 hjvtkbw lffvsfdhf !)*) otkc trjyjvbcnbc cgtwbfkj,bs8 eybdthcbntnbc lfchekt,bc itvltu lf,heylf sfdbc vij,kbeh hfbjyib lf lfbo.j fmnbehb cfpjufljt,hbdb
vjqdfotj,f8 .dtkufy cflfw bub veifj,lf7 sfdbcb flfvbfyehb
sdbct,t,bs7 wjlybsf lf ghjatcbjyfkbpvbs elbltc fdnjhbntncf lf gfnbdbcwtvfc bvcf[eht,lf8
!))$-!))% oo8 veifj,lf m8 n.b,ekbc flubkj,hbdb vvfhsdtkj,bc ufvutj,bc sfdv]ljvfhbc vjflubktl8 !))%-!))( okt,ib b.j m8 n.b,ekbc gbhdtkb dbwt-vthb8 !))( okblfy cbwjw[kbc ,jkj lqtvlt cfmvbfyj,lf cnfnbcnbrbc bvthtsbc v[fhbc
cfvvfhsdtkjc eahjcfl8
htdfp ,fqlfdf&t ,tdhc frtst,lf cnfnbcnbrbc hjkbcf lf cfpjufljt,hbdb aeymwbt,bc7 fdnjhbntnbc fvfqkt,bcfsdbc8 cfmfhsdtkjc vjcf[ktj,bc @__@ okbc cf.jdtksfj fqothfib itnfybkb odkbkbcfsdbc lf]bkljdt,ekb b.j qbhct,bc vtlkbs8 vfy
veifj,bc gthbjlib ufvjfdkbyf sfdbcb cfertstcj gbhjdyekb
lf vhfdfkv[hbdb itcf&kt,kj,t,b8 b.j ufvjhxtekb [tkv&qdfytkb lf vwjlyt sfdbcb cfmvbcf7 sfyfvihjvkt,bcflvb sfyfvlujvb lf rfhub vtuj,fhb7 vfsb zbhbcf lf k[bybc vjpbfht8
b.j rfhub vteqkt lf vjcb.dfhekt vfvf8
ofdblf xdtyufy efqhtcfl rtsbkij,bkb7 ufycfresht,ekfl
ihjvbcvj.dfht7 lfew[hjvtkb lf tythubekb flfvbfyb7 sfdlfdbo.t,bs it.dfht,ekb vij,kbeh mdt.fyfcf lf nhflbwbt,pt7 rjkjhbnekb gbhjdyt,f7 hjvtkbw fkfvfpt,lf lf f[fkbct,lf cfpjufljt,fc8
sfdbcb [fyvjrkt w[jdht,bs lfudbnjdf ztivfhbnb thbidbkj,bcf lf flfvbfyehj,bc cfew[jj vfufkbsb lf yfstkb [cjdyf8
idbkt,b dbnfkb7 vfhbyf uh&tkbidbkt,b7 lf
sfkbrj ,f[nf&t7 h&kt,b ybyj7 mtstdfyb7 idbkbidbkt,b dfcbrj7 sfvfp uh&tkbidbkt,b7 trf7
vbibrj [ewehfekt,b7 idbksfidbkb ybyewf7 lbcoekt,b7 vekbidbkt,b7 vfpkbidbkt,b7 v&f[kt,b
j]f[t,bs beo.t,bfy
,F,EKBF DFCBKBC FCEK ,F[NF&BC
ufhlfwdfkt,fc8
gfyfidblb @7 # \67 !^ cs8 lfrh&fkdf $ \67 !$
cs8 vbcfvfhsb5 vw[tsf7 afhyfdfpbc vjtlfyb *8
cfmfhsdtkjc afpbcbc vtwybtht,fsf frfltvbf o.fksf vtehytj,bcf lf cfby;byhj trjkjubbc bycnbnenb qhvf voe[fht,bs lf
uekbcnrbdbkbs beo.t,f7 hjv ufhlfbwdfkf frfltvbbc sfyfghtpbltynb7 wyj,bkb vtwybthb lf cfpjuflj vjqdfot7 ghjatcjhb
BKBF NF,FQEF
lf sfyfuh&yj,fc ew[flt,ty ufycdtyt,ekbc j]f[c lf f[kj,kt,c8
idbkt,b sfvhbrj7 vpbf7 yfyf ujhltkf&tt,b7 cb&tt,b stveh ]b]bfidbkb7 ujxf ueuenbidbkb7 idbkbidbkt,b yfsbf7 cjaj7 fyb ]b]bfidbkt,b7 kerf7 ubuf7 yfnfkbf ueuenbidbkt,b beo.t,bfy7 hjv
ufhlfbwdfkf
}EV,TH UJHLTKF&T
gfyfidblb @7 # \67 !^ cs8 lfrh&fkdf $ \67 !$ cs8 vbcfvfhsb5 m8
hecsfdb7 |66 v/h7 \\ rjhg8
cnfnbcnbrbc cf[tkvobaj ltgfhnfvtynb qhvf voe[fht,bs beo.t,f7 hjv ufhlfbwdfkf cnfnbcnbrbc bvthtsbc v[fhbc cfvvfhsdtkjc eahjcb
HTDFP ,FQLFDF&T
lf cfv&bvfhc ew[flt,c ufycdtyt,ekbc j]f[c8
lfrh&fkdf $ \67 !$ cs8 vbcfvfhsb5 m8 mesfbcb7 zfdzfdf&bc ufvp8
rjhg8 ! ,7 ,byf !f8
CNFNBCNBRBC CF[TKVOBAJ LTGFHNFVTYNB8
YJLFH UEHTIB&T
ufhlfbwdfkf ufvjxtybkb mfhsdtkb gjtnb lf
cfpjuflj vjqdfot7 cf[tkvobaj ghtvbbc kfehtfnb
lf qbhct,bc jhltybc rfdfkthb yjlfh dfhkfvbc &t uehtib&t8
yjlfh uehtib&t lfb,flf !)@( okbc !_ vfhnc
f,fibc hfbjybc cjatk vfhfyib8 s,bkbcbc vt-* cfiefkj crjkbc lfvsfdht,bc itvltu7 cofdkf ufyfuh&j s,bkbcbc cf[tkvobaj eybdthcbntnbc abkjcjabbc afrekntnpt8 !)%! otkc veifj,f lfbo.j
ufpts 3vjkjlbj; uhepbbc4 cgtwbfkeh rjhtcgjyltynfl fa[fptsib8
itvltu vjqdfotj,f ufyfuh&j 3kbnthfnehek ufptsib4 ufy.jabkt,bc ufvutl lf vsfdfhb htlfmnjhbc vjflubktl8 c[dflfc[df lhjc vfc
trfdf [tkv&qdfytkb lf cfgfce[bcvut,kj sfyfvlt,j,t,b5 b.j rjnt
vfh]fybidbkbc cf[tkj,bc stfnhbc lbhtmnjhb7 cfmfhsdtkjc vothfksf rfdibhbc vlbdfyb7 vothfksf kbnthfnehekb ajylbc lbhtmnjhb7 cfmfhsdtkjc cffdnjhj eakt,fsf lfwdbc cf[tkvobaj cffutynjc
eahjcb lf cfmfhsdtkjc byntktmnefkehb cfresht,bc thjdyekb wtynhbc
3cfmgfntynbc4 utythfkehb lbhtmnjhbc vjflubkt8
yjlfh uehtib&t fmnbeh itvjmvtlt,bs vjqdfotj,fc totjlf8 !)$^
otkc ufpts 3f[fkufphlf rjveybcnib4 ufvjmdt.ylf vbcb gbhdtkb ktmcb7
[jkj !)%% otkc rb ufvjbwf gbhdtkb gjtnehb rht,ekb cf[tkojlt,bs 3xtvb ufpfa[ekb48
yjlfh uehtib&t fdnjhbf #_-pt vtnb gjtnehb rht,ekbcf8 vbc rfkfvc tresdybc vjupfehj,bc isf,tzlbkt,fsf jhb obuyb 2 3vtuj,hj,bc sdfkbs4 +!)%^‘ lf 3lqtt,b lf mfkfmt,b4 +!)^$‘ lf eyuhtkb
rkfcbrjcbc bvht vflfxbc s[pekt,bc 3flfvbfybc nhfutlbf4 gjtnehb
sfhuvfyb8 vbcb ktmct,b sfhuvybkbf ahfyuek7 hecek7 gjkjyeh7 bfgjyeh7
ckjdtybeh tyt,pt lf f;qtht,ekbf fhfths vidtybth cbvqthfl8 .dtkf vbcb yfofhvjt,b ufyvczdfkekbf elbltcb gfnhbjnbpvbsf lf cfvij,kjc ecfpqdhj cb.dfhekbs8
,jkj !% okbc vfy&bkpt yjlfh uehtib&t vjqdfotj,lf byntktmnefkehb cfresht,bc lfwdbc cathjib8 vfy vybidytkjdfyb odkbkb itbnfyf
cffdnjhj lf vjvb]yfdt eakt,t,bc thjdyekb cbcntvbc xfvj.fkb,t,fib7 rfyjyvlt,kj,bc ajhvbht,fcf lf ghfmnbrek ufy[jhwbtkt,fib8 bub vjyfobktj,lf byntktmnefkehb cfresht,bc vcjakbj jhufybpfwbbc tublbs xfnfht,ek fhfths cfthsfijhbcj ajhevib8 yjlfh
uehtib&tv7 sfdbcb vfqfkb ghjatcbekb lf flfvbfyehb sdbct,t,bc ufvj
lfbvcf[ehf elbltcb fdnjhbntnb lf cb.dfhekb mfhsdtk lf ew[jtk rjktut,c ijhbc8
sdfkcfxbyj gjtnbcf lf cfpjuflj vjqdfobc7 qbhctekb vfvekbidbkbcf lf rtsbkij,bkb gbhjdyt,bc yjlfh uehtib&bc yfstkb cf[tkb velfv tvf[cjdht,f mfhsek cfpjufljt,fc7 vbcb gjtpbbc sf.dfybcvwtvkt,c7 rjktut,cf lf f[kj,kt,c888
BYNTKTMNEFKEHB CFRESHT,BC THJDYEKB WTYNHB 3CFMGFNTYNB48
sbyfsby rfyrfdf7 fypjh7 vb[tbk7 bhfrkb ,f,e[flbt,b qhvf voe[fht,bs beo.t,bfy ltblfidbkbc7 gjtn
YJLFH UEHTIB&BC
ufhlfwdfkt,fc8
s,bkbcbc cfabyfycj-trjyjvbrehb rjkt]bc lbhtmwbf7 gtlfujut,b
lf cneltynt,b sfyfeuh&yj,ty mfk,fnjy vfyfyf cb[fhekb&tc &dbhafcb vteqkbc7 qbhctekb vfvekbidbkbc ,fnjy
YJLFH UEHTIB&BC
ufhlfwdfkt,bc ufvj8
HTLFMWBF VFLKJ,FC E[LBC .DTKFC7 DBYW UFPTSBC TC YJVTHB I TB&BYF LF OFBRBS[F=
Sakartvelos Respublika
lfvae’yt,kt,b 2 ufpts
3CFMFHSDTKJC HTCGE,KBRBC4 sfyfvihjvkt,b
ufvjvwtvtkb 2 igc 3F[FKB CFEREYT4
vsfdfhb htlfmnjhb
HECKFY HECBF8
B,TZLT,F UFVJVWTVKJ,F 3RJKJHBC4
CNFV,FIB7 HRBYBUPBC XB[B7 @_8
lbhtmnjhb STYUBP RFKFYLF&T8
JSFH [EWBIDBKB8
cfmfhsdtkjc htcge,kbrf
CYAN BLACK
vjhbut htlfmnjhb
BYLTMCB ^^$#$7 VBCFVFHSB5 #(___(7 s,bkbcb7
v8 rjcnfdfc m8 1!$8 NTK5 ))-*#-@$8
CFHTRKFVJ UFY>JABKT,F - NTK5 )#-@(-!#8
TKTMNHJYEKB AJCNF5 sakresp@gol.ge
DT< UDTHLB5 www.open.ge/sakartvelos-respublika