Chemical Reactions - Pinetree Central School

Transcription

TOPIC: Year 10 CHEMISTRY- Chemical Reactions
Context:
Every day, chemical reactions are taking place inside and around you. Chemical reactions digest food and release energy to your cells. They occur when
you are cooking at the stove. They occur in factories when something is being manufactured. Some chemical reactions have lasting impressions such as
in fireworks or bushfires. By understanding how these chemical reactions work, scientists are able to predict the outcome of the reactions and identify
the products formed. It also allows scientists to control how fast or how slow a reaction takes place. This knowledge makes industrial processes more
efficient, conserves the environment and can even save your life in a medical emergency.
Outcomes:
A student:
• explains how models, theories and laws about matter have been refined as new scientific evidence becomes available
• discusses the importance of chemical reactions in the production of a range of substances and how society influences the development of new
materials
Science as a Human Endeavour
• Scientific understanding, including models and theories, are contestable and are refined over time through a process of review by the scientific
community
• The values and needs of contemporary society can influence the focus of scientific research
Science Understanding
• The atomic structure and properties of elements are used to organise them in the Periodic Table
• Different types of chemical reactions are used to produce a range of products and can occur at different rates
• In chemical reactions, which can occur at different rates, atoms are rearranged to produce a range of products
Vocabulary:
Element
Chemical equation
Endothermic
Combustion
Compound
Acid
Corrosion
Metal
Reactant
Base
Decomposition
Non metal
Product
Neutralisation
Catalyst
Chemical reaction
Exothermic
Precipitation
Experiment:
Dependent, Independent and Control variables (validity) and reliability (repetition).
Literacy:
COSMOS. Culinary Alchemy by John Pickrell : Issue 18 page 66 Read, review article and answer questions
provided. Activities and question in Cosmos Teachers Notes issue 18.
Numeracy:
Determine and plot earthquake epicentre
ICT:
Use ICT to access above COSMOS article online and submit answers from literacy exercise via Edmodo.
Examination:
Topic test
TOPIC: Year 10 CHEMISTRY. Chemical Reactions
Students learn
about:
The atomic
structure and
properties of
elements are used
to organise them
in the Periodic
Table
Different types of
chemical reactions
are used to
produce a range of
products and can
occur at different
rates
Students learn to:
References and resources
The atomic structure and
properties of elements are used to
organise them in the Periodic
Table
Review atom, atomic structure, element, periodic table, atomic mass
number, atomic number, metals, non metals, semi metal, inert gas,
electron shells
KISS Booklet: Atoms
SCIENCE FOCUS 3: Ch 1
identify that new substances are
formed during chemical reactions
by rearranging atoms rather than
by creating or destroying them
 Write a definition of a compound and distinguish between a
compound, element and mixture.
 Make a compound from two elements (a simple combination
reaction) such as heating magnesium in a Bunsen flame 2Mg+O2 →
2MgO.
 State the features of a chemical change and physical change.
 Use the terms products and reactants to describe the chemicals in a
reactions.
 Recall that most gases of elements are found as diatomic molecules
E.g. H2, O2, and N2.
 Students write a scientific report for experiments stating dependent
and independent variables.
 Identify that heat can be produced in a chemical reaction
Practical: Perform an experiment to produce a compound from two
elements and identify evidence of chemical changes.
 Classify (ionic) compounds into acids, bases and salts and state the
properties of these substances
 Give at least two examples of acids, bases and salts
Practical: students test common substances for pH with universal
indicator
 OPTION: use flower petals and plant dyes to make natural
indicators
KISS Booklet: Reactions
Core Science Stage 5 pp.
213-217
Decomposition
Practical: Perform and model a decomposition reaction.
 Perform a decomposition reaction by strongly heating Copper
classify compounds into groups
based on common chemical
characteristics
In chemical
reactions, which
Integrated learning, teaching and assessment
construct word equations from
observations and written
descriptions of a range of
218-223, 226-227
can occur at
different rates,
atoms are
rearranged to
produce a range of
products
chemical reactions including:
decomposition [L]
combustion
corrosion
precipitation
-
-
the action of acids on
metals and acids on
carbonates
neutralisation
Carbonate in a test tube or
 Observe the decomposition of water in a Hofmann voltammeter.
Students write a word equation from this reaction.
 model a decomposition reaction using the molymod kit
Combustion Reactions
Corrosion
Precipitation
 Practical: Perform a range of precipitate reactions and write word
equations.
Extension: Students use the solubility rules to predict the state of
products formed in a precipitate reaction.
Acid on metals and carbonates:
 Practical: Perform Metal and acid reactions collect the gas and test
it to confirm that it is hydrogen.
 Compare the reactivity of various metals and relate to their group in
the periodic table.
 Record observations and write a word equation of a metal and acid
reaction.
 Practical: Perform Metal and Carbonate reactions, collect the gas
and bubble through lime water to confirm the presence of carbon
Dioxide.
 List the products and reactants in a metal and carbonate reaction
and write a word equation.
Neutralisation
 Practical: Perform an acid base reaction and list the products and
the reactants. Test the products with an indicator and write a word
equation.
describe the reactants and
products in the processes of
photosynthesis and respiration
 write chemical formulas for some common compounds such as
water, Carbon Dioxide, Sulfuric Acid, Sodium Hydroxide.
 use correct suffix (-ide) with nonmetals in a compound Eg
Magnesium Sulfide.
 Describe the processes –Photosynthesis and Respiration
 Identify that chemical reactions can be exothermic or endothermic
as they involve energy transfer.
 Practical –exothermic and endothermic reactions-Students
measure temperature change.
 Explain the similarities and differences between combustion and
respiration.
 Explain rate of chemical reactions
 Identify factors that effect rate of chemical reactions
 Practical :Explain the effect of temperature and catalyst on rate of
chemical reactions.
 Research how ethical and environmental considerations influence
decisions about scientific research related to the development and
production of new materials
 make some simple atoms using the molecular model kits
 Display the electrons in each level.
sort metals into their order of
activity
identify the characteristics that
classify substances as either ionic
or covalent compounds
 Investigate the activity of metals
Science edge 4
 Explain formation of ionic and covalent compounds
Science edge 4
balance a range of common
chemical equations
 Balance chemical equations
Science edge 4
identify properties of different
substances that can be explained
in terms of their subatomic
structure
 Investigate properties of different substances and explain on basis
of their sub atomic structure.
Science edge 4
identify that chemical reactions
involve energy transfer and can
be exothermic or endothermic
Additional
Content
compare combustion and
respiration as processes which
both release energy but occur at
different rates
identify the effects of factors such
as temperature and catalysts on
the rate of some common
chemical reactions
discuss how ethical and
environmental considerations
influence decisions about
scientific research related to the
development and production of
new materials [SE]; [EU]
use models to describe the
arrangement of electrons in the
principal energy levels of
common elements
Core Science Stage 5
pp. 79-88
Year 10 Chemical Reactions
check
The atomic structure and properties of elements are used to organise them in the Periodic
Table
Review atom, atomic structure, element, periodic table, atomic mass number, atomic number,
metals, non metals, semi metal, inert gas, electron shells
XT: use models to describe the arrangement of electrons in the principal energy levels of
common elements
XT: sort metals into their order of activity
Different types of chemical reactions are used to produce a range of products and can occur
at different rates
Identify that new substances are formed during chemical reactions by rearranging atoms
rather than by creating or destroying them
Features of a chemical reaction
Types of chemical reactions: Synthesis or combination reactions
Practical: Perform an experiment to produce a compound from two elements and identify evidence
of chemical changes. ( 2Mg+O2 → 2MgO.)
classify compounds into groups based on common chemical characteristics
Classify (ionic) compounds into acids, bases and salts and state the properties of these substances
XT: identify the characteristics that classify substances as either ionic or covalent compounds
XT: identify properties of different substances that can be explained in terms of their
subatomic structure
In chemical reactions, which can occur at different rates, atoms are rearranged to produce a
range of products
Construct word equations from observations and written descriptions of a range of chemical
reactions including:
XT: balance a range of common chemical equations
Decomposition reactions
Perform a decomposition reaction by strongly heating Copper Carbonate in a test tube or
Observe the decomposition of water in a Hofmann voltammeter. Students write a word equation
from this reaction.
Model a decomposition reaction using the molymod kit
Combustion reactions
Explain the similarities and differences between combustion and respiration.
(compare combustion and respiration as processes which both release energy but occur at different
rates)
Corrosion reactions
Practical: Investigate factors affecting corrosion of iron nails
Precipitation reactions
Practical: Perform a range of precipitate reactions and write word equations.
Extension: Students use the solubility rules to predict the state of products formed in a precipitate
reaction.
Acid on metals and carbonate reactions:
Practical: Perform Metal and acid reactions collect the gas and test it to confirm that it is hydrogen.
Compare the reactivity of various metals and relate to their group in the periodic table.
Record observations and write a word equation of a metal and acid reaction.
Practical: Perform Metal and Carbonate reactions, collect the gas and bubble through lime water to
confirm the presence of carbon Dioxide.
List the products and reactants in a metal and carbonate reaction and write a word equation.
Neutralisation reactions
Practical: Perform an acid base reaction and list the products and the reactants. Test the products
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date
with an indicator and write a word equation.
Write chemical formulas for some common compounds such as water, Carbon Dioxide, Sulfuric Acid,
Sodium Hydroxide.
use correct suffix (-ide) with nonmetals in a compound Eg Magnesium Sulfide.
describe the reactants and products in the processes of photosynthesis and respiration
identify that chemical reactions involve energy transfer and can be exothermic or
endothermic
Identify that chemical reactions can be exothermic or endothermic as they involve energy transfer.
Practical –exothermic and endothermic reactions-Students measure temperature change.
Identify the effects of factors such as temperature and catalysts on the rate of some common
chemical reactions
Explain rate of chemical reactions
Identify factors that effect rate of chemical reactions
Practical: Explain the effect of temperature and catalyst on rate of chemical reactions.
Discuss how ethical and environmental considerations influence decisions about scientific
research related to the development and production of new materials
Research how ethical and environmental considerations influence decisions about scientific
TOPIC TEST
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Comments on Unit of work and Register:
Date: _______________________________________________
Signature: _______________________________________________
Year 10 Chemical Reactions
check
The atomic structure and properties of elements are used to organise them in the Periodic
Table
Review atom, atomic structure, element, periodic table, atomic mass number, atomic number,
metals, non metals, semi metal, inert gas, electron shells
XT: use models to describe the arrangement of electrons in the principal energy levels of
common elements
XT: sort metals into their order of activity
Different types of chemical reactions are used to produce a range of products and can occur
at different rates
Identify that new substances are formed during chemical reactions by rearranging atoms
rather than by creating or destroying them
Features of a chemical reaction
Types of chemical reactions: Synthesis or combination reactions
Practical: Perform an experiment to produce a compound from two elements and identify evidence
of chemical changes. ( 2Mg+O2 → 2MgO.)
classify compounds into groups based on common chemical characteristics
Classify (ionic) compounds into acids, bases and salts and state the properties of these substances
XT: identify the characteristics that classify substances as either ionic or covalent compounds
XT: identify properties of different substances that can be explained in terms of their
subatomic structure
In chemical reactions, which can occur at different rates, atoms are rearranged to produce a
range of products
Construct word equations from observations and written descriptions of a range of chemical
reactions including:
XT: balance a range of common chemical equations
Decomposition reactions
Perform a decomposition reaction by strongly heating Copper Carbonate in a test tube or
Observe the decomposition of water in a Hofmann voltammeter. Students write a word equation
from this reaction.
Model a decomposition reaction using the molymod kit
Combustion reactions
Explain the similarities and differences between combustion and respiration.
(compare combustion and respiration as processes which both release energy but occur at different
rates)
Corrosion reactions
Practical: Investigate factors affecting corrosion of iron nails
Precipitation reactions
Practical: Perform a range of precipitate reactions and write word equations.
Extension: Students use the solubility rules to predict the state of products formed in a precipitate
reaction.
Acid on metals and carbonate reactions:
Practical: Perform Metal and acid reactions collect the gas and test it to confirm that it is hydrogen.
Compare the reactivity of various metals and relate to their group in the periodic table.
Record observations and write a word equation of a metal and acid reaction.
Practical: Perform Metal and Carbonate reactions, collect the gas and bubble through lime water to
confirm the presence of carbon Dioxide.
List the products and reactants in a metal and carbonate reaction and write a word equation.
Neutralisation reactions
Practical: Perform an acid base reaction and list the products and the reactants. Test the products
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date
with an indicator and write a word equation.
Write chemical formulas for some common compounds such as water, Carbon Dioxide, Sulfuric Acid,
Sodium Hydroxide.
use correct suffix (-ide) with nonmetals in a compound Eg Magnesium Sulfide.
describe the reactants and products in the processes of photosynthesis and respiration
identify that chemical reactions involve energy transfer and can be exothermic or
endothermic
Identify that chemical reactions can be exothermic or endothermic as they involve energy transfer.
Practical –exothermic and endothermic reactions-Students measure temperature change.
Identify the effects of factors such as temperature and catalysts on the rate of some common
chemical reactions
Explain rate of chemical reactions
Identify factors that effect rate of chemical reactions
Practical: Explain the effect of temperature and catalyst on rate of chemical reactions.
Discuss how ethical and environmental considerations influence decisions about scientific
Research how ethical and environmental considerations influence decisions about scientific
TOPIC TEST
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Chemical Reactions - Pinetree Central School

Transcription

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