Chapter 20 Review Worksheet—ANSWERS

Name: ___ANSWERS________
Date: _______________________
Period: ______________________
Chapter 20 Review Worksheet—ANSWERS
OGT
Section
Page
Person, Place, Date,
Term
20.1
John F. Kennedy
20.1
What two things did
people fear about
JFK?
Description
Won the 1960 election as the
Democratic candidate—He was wellorganized as well as handsome and
charismatic;
his age (43)—would be secondyoungest president
his religion—Catholicism
Lost the 1960 election as the Republican
candidate
TV and Civil Rights
Kennedy and Nixon took part in the
first televised debate
many blamed Nixon's loss to his
poor appearance in the televised
presidential debates
JFK’s wife and first lady—she
captivated the nation
JFK surrounded himself with what one
journalist described as the “best and the
brightest” available talent (for advisors
and cabinet members)
JFK’s younger brother and Attorney
General
(Harvard University Dean)—Secretary
of Defense
(President of Ford Motor Company)—

20.1
Richard Nixon
20.1
20.1
What two things affected the
1960 election?
Televised Debate
(worried would lead to p ope having influence of American policies)
On September 26, 1960,
between presidential candidates. Nixon, a foreign policy expert, hoped to show Kennedy ’s in experience. But Kennedy looked and spo ke better than Nixon —coached by TV producers.
Television had become so central to people's lives—
. Journalist Russell Ba ker said, “That n ight, image replaced the printed word as the natio nal language of po litics”
20.1
Jacqueline Kennedy
20.1
Best and the
Brightest
20.1
with her ey e for fashion and culture.
(35-y ear-old)
Robert Kennedy
20.1
20.1
McGeorge Bundy
Robert McNamara
20.1
Dean Rusk
20.2
New Frontier
20.2
Mandate
20.2
Recession
20.2
Deficit spending
20.2
Peace Corps
20.2
Alliance for Progress
20.2
Secretary of Defense
(President of the Rockefeller
Foundation)—Secretary of State
name given to Kennedy’s domestic
policies
clear voter support for his agenda
(margin in which you win election)
a moderate slowdown of the economy
spending more money than the
government collects in order to
stimulate growth
volunteers assist developing nations of
Asia, Africa, and Latin America
offered economic and technical
assistance to Latin American countries
Kennedy
sought to surpass the
Soviets—main goal was send a man to
the moon (before the Soviets did)
Americana’s space agency—National
Aeronautics and Space Administration
American, first man to walk on the
moon
Book by Michael Harrington that
brought attention to poverty in the U.S.
The official plane of the president,
where Johnson was sworn
Ex-Marine and communist supporter
who killed Kennedy
nightclub owner who shot Oswald
to help keep countries from loo king at Communism as an option
saw the space race as a challenge and
Race to the Moon
20.2
NASA
20.2
Neil Armstrong
20.2
The Other America
20.2
Air Force One
20.2
Lee Harvey Oswald
20.2
20.2
20.2
Jack Ruby
Zapruder Film
Warren Commission
in as president fo llow ing the ass ignation of Kennedy
in front of a live television aud ience
investigated the assassination and
2
(NASA)
20.2
20.3
20.3
House Select
Committee on
Assassinations
(HSCA)
Lyndon B. Johnson
“LBJ Treatment”
20.3
Civil Rights Act 1964
concluded that Oswald had indeed acted
alone
1979— concluded that Oswald
assassinated President Kennedy as a
result of a probable conspiracy
ability to persuade senators to support
his bills
prohibited discrimination based on race,
color, religion or national origin, and
granted the federal government new
powers to enforce the law
voting rights for all Americans
prohibited literacy tests or other
discriminatory practices for voting
insured consistent election practices
The act
20.3
20.3
Voting Rights Act
“war on poverty”
Economic
Opportunity Act
(EOA)
20.3
Job Corps Youth
Training Program
20.3
The act
LBJ’s declare that caused him to pass EOA
approved nearly $1 billion for youth
programs, antipoverty measures, smallbusiness loans, and job
youth training program (vocational
training and job search skills)
help find long-term solutions to
the problems caused by urban and rural
poverty
for underprivileged preschoolers with
a focus on helping develop the early
reading and math skills
encouraged poor people to participate in
public-works programs
LBJ won reelection in a landslide—for
places individuals with community -based agencies to
VISTA
20.3
an education program
special
PROJECT HEAD
START
20.3
Community Action
Program
20.3
1964 Election
3
20.3
many Americans it was an antiGoldwater vote
Republican nominee for 1964
Presidential Election—Senator of
Arizona
LBJ’s domestic policy aimed at ending
poverty and discrimination
PRO WAR
AGAINST WAR
provided $1 billion to schools for
textbooks, library materials, and special
education
funded scholarships and low-interest
loans for college students
created to financially assist painters,
musicians, actors, and other artists
provided hospital insurance and lowcost medical care to the elderly
provided health benefits to the poor
created to administer federal housing
programs—improve urban conditions
ends quotas (1920’s National Origins
Acts) based on nationality
Book by Rachel Carson’s that exposed
the dangers of pesticides and other
harmful environmental threats
required states to clean up their rivers
and lakes
Book by Ralph Nader that detailed
resistance by car manufacturers to the
Barry Goldwater
Barry Goldwater
20.3
Great Society
20.3
20.3
“hawk”
“dove”
20.3
Elementary and
Secondary Education
Act
20.3
Higher Education Act
20.3
National Foundation
on the Arts and the
Humanities
20.3
Medicare
20.3
20.3
Medicaid
Department of
Housing and Urban
Development (HUD)
20.3
Immigration Act of
1965
20.3
Silent Spring
20.3
Water Quality Act of
1965
20.3
Unsafe at Any Speed
o pposed L BJ ’s social legis lation (believed government should not solve social and economic issues) and alienated vo ters by suggestin g the use of n uclear weapons in Cuba and N orth Vietnam
specifically related to
low-income housing
and thus o pened the door for many non-European immigrants to settle in the U. S.
4
introduction of safety features,
set federal safety standards for the auto
and tire industries
required states to set up highway safety
programs
required that states have inspection
programs "equal to" that of the federal
government
set standards for labeling consumer
products
Supreme Court under Chief Justice Earl
Warren—took an activist stance on the
leading issues of the day
way states redraw election districts by
population
districts must have approximately
equal population—“one person, one
vote”
illegally seized evidence cannot be used
in court
like seat belts, and their general reluctance to spend money on improving safety
20.3
National Traffic and
Motor Vehicle Safety
Act
20.3
Highway Safety Act
20.3
Required new safety features such as: head rests, energy-absorbing steering wheels, s hatter-resistant win dshields, safety belts, etc
Roads were improved by better delineation of curves (edge and center line stripes and reflectors), use of breakaway sign and u tility poles, improved illuminatio n, addition of barriers separating oncoming traffic lanes, and guardrails, etc.
Also called "Eq ual To" law,
Wholesome Meat Act
20.3
Truth in Packaging
Act
20.3
Warren Court
20.3
Reapportionment
20.3
states redraw election districts by population, court rules
Baker v. Carr (1962)
and Reynolds v. Sims
(1964)
20.3
20.3
Mapp v. Ohio (1961)
Gideon v.
Wainwright (1963)
20.3
Escobedo v. Illinois
(1964)
20.3
Miranda v. Arizona
(1966)
—led to a shift in political p ower from rural to urban areas
courts must provide legal counsel to poor
accused has the right to have an attorney
present when questioned by police
all suspects must be read their rights
before questioning
5
Chapter 20 Focus (plus additional items):
SECTION 1:
Peace Corps
mandate
New Frontier
hot line
Bay of Pigs
Berlin Wall
Fidel Castro
flexible response
John F. Kennedy
Richard M. Nixon
massive retaliation
Nikita Khrushchev
Cuban Missile Crisis
Limited Test Ban Treaty
SECTION 3:
Baker v. Carr
The Warren Court
Civil Rights Act
reapportionment
Miranda v. Arizona
Gideon v. Wainwright
Medicare and Medicaid
Immigration Act of 1965
Economic Opportunity Act
Brown v. Board of Education
Elementary and Secondary
Education
Great Society
SECTION 2:
Alliance for Progress
Lee Harvey Oswald
Warren Commission
Jack Ruby
6