Analitički hijerarhijski proces AHP

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IDENTIFICATION of decision problem
Form a HIERARCHY
GOAL ON THE TOP (Fundamental Objective)
DECOMPOSE into sub-goals
FURTHER DECOMPOSITION as necessary
IDENTIFY CRITERIA (attributes) to measure
achievement of goals
EVALUATION
CALCULATING overall PRIORITY
Numerical Representation
 Relationship between two elements that share a
common parent in the hierarchy
 Comparisons ask 2 questions:
– Which is more important with respect to the
criterion?
– How strongly?
 Matrix shows results of all such comparisons
 Typically uses a 1-9 scale

1
2
Equal
Importance
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Moderate
Importance
Strong
Importance
Very Strong
Importance
For compromises between the above
Reciprocals of above
In comparing elements i and j
- if i is 3 compared to j
- then j is 1/3 compared to i
Extreme
Importance
A1
...
An
A1 t1/t1 t1/t2
...
t1/tn
A2 t2/t1 t2/t2
...
t2/tn
...
...
...
...
tn/tn
...
A2
...
An tn/t1 tn/t2

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
Decomposition of decision problem
Comparative judgment of the elements
Synthesis of the priorities
Structure the decision problem in a hierarchy
Comparison of the alternatives based one the criterion
Synthesize the comparisons to get the priorities of the alternatives with respect to
each criterion and the weights of each criterion with respect to the goal
Local priorities are then multiplied by the weights of the respective criterion
The results are summed up to produce the overall priority of each alternative
Assessment/
Selection of
PC
Price
Memory
capacity
PC 1
Software
PC 2
Speed
PC 3
Flexibility to
external
devices
Form of
technology
transfer
costs
purchase of
equipment
restrictive
clauses
purchase of
license
investment
capacity
purchase of
technological
package
joint venture