Preschoolers for Peace - Polk County Public Schools
Transcription
Preschoolers for Peace - Polk County Public Schools
“Preschoolers for Peace” For further information contact… Kelly De La Cruz Lakeland Montessori Middle School kellydelacruz@yahoo.com 2010 - 2011 Idea Catalog of Excellence n PROGR AM OVERVIEW Bullying and student conflict are hot issues in schools. Schools have responded by implementing a variety of anti-bullying programs. The ability to appreciate other’s differences including their point of view is a challenging skill to develop. The Polk County Preschool Program curriculum includes daily implementation of the Peacemaking Skills for Little Kids curriculum, which provides a framework for addressing several focus points including appreciating other’s differences and similarities, understanding and expressing our feelings, and dealing with conflict in a nonaggressive way. The program is implemented in daily large group instruction. Unfortunately, the curriculum provides lessons plans that cover only half of the year. Preschoolers for Peace is a program which extends the peacemaking curriculum. It was implemented in a blended preschool unit with 1 school readiness student, 9 voluntary preschool students, 5 ESE preschoolers, and 2 ESE kindergartners. The group lessons are, of ten, supplemented by small group lessons that extend the objective. In almost all cases, the students have access to extension activities during their independent center time, and skills are reinforced by teachers during this time. Although the program was initially developed for preschoolers, it could easily be implemented with students through third grade, possibly even higher. Some of the students with whom it was implemented are ESOL students. The Preschoolers for Peace program provides lesson plans that can be implemented over three to four weeks, in 20 minute large group lessons, 30 minute small group lessons, and a peace center which is accessible during the day when needed. One week of lessons teaches students to appreciate differences. The purpose of this is for students to develop the ability to take and appreciate another’s view point. The sec ond week of lessons addresses understanding and expressing our feelings. This is an essential skill in conflict resolution, the ability to express one’s feeling about a conflict clearly. The third week of lesson plans covers ways to create an atmosphere of peace. The final week covers conflict resolution by presenting a very concrete, child friendly system of using I-feel messages and identifying what one wants. This teaches students to be assertive, but to use a communication method that is less likely to create defensiveness in the receiver because it doesn’t place blame. If you are interested in more activities, contact the developer, and she will send you a copy of a 40 page power point presentation which includes activity ideas for all areas of the curriculum. Highlands Grove Elementary, where the program was implemented, achieved AYP last year, and is graded as an A school. Preschool students are not identified as “substantially deficient”. Many of our students are additionally served by Arbor Early Learning, which subsidizes preschool tuition for families with financial need. Approximately 53% of the students in my classroom are served by the free or reduced lunch program. “Preschoolers for Peace” n OVER ALL VALUE Conflict happens daily. A large part of conflicts seem unavoidable, the effect of people with differing points of view. In the schools, student inability to deal with conflict causes huge disturbances in classroom management. Administrative r e s o u r c e s a r e ove r w h e l m e d by student aggression in response to real and imagined slights, bullying, and disrespect. Like every area of child development, early introduction to social skills and conflict resolution has a huge impact of student’s future behavior. Students who are taught, early on, to express and negotiate conflict lead others who observe their choices to make good choices as well. Preschoolers for Peace teaches several impor tant skills, and also demonstrates to students (and their parents) our commitment to setting the conditions for a safe, positive environment for them to learn. Students who feel emotionally and physically safe are free to dedicate their energy to learning the academic skills we’re teaching them. Teaching these skills in early childhood affect a student’s ability to make positive choices through his entire educational career. n LESSON PLAN TITLES n ABOUT THE DEVELOPER 1.We’re All Different… We’re All Special Kelly De La Cruz graduated from the University of Florida with a B.A. in Communication Processes and Disorders in 1996 and a Masters in Special Education in 1998. In her first year of teaching, she was the county recipient of the Miami Dade Rookie Teacher of the Year award. She earned an additional certification from Association Montessori International in primary education in 2007. 2.The Story of My Feelings 3.Creating Peace 4.Let’s Talk It Out n MATERIALS The materials for each lesson are listed with each lesson plan. Overall materials budget including pricing and vendors follows the lesson plans. Some materials, such as a digital camera, are optional, and this is indicated on the materials list. Kelly has served as a preschool ESE teacher in a blended unit in PCSB for three years. She serves as an adjunct professor in the Early Childhood department of Polk State College, and has presented an expanded version of this program to the preschool teachers of Polk County during their summer training. HHH “Preschoolers for Peace” Kelly De La Cruz Lesson Plan No 1: We’re All Different. We’re All Special n SUBJECTS COVERED • Mathematical and Scientif ic Thinking: A (f) 2. Represents and analyzes data, B. (a) 3. Makes comparisons among objects, A (c) 4. Orders and compares objects according to a single attribute. • Social Studies and The Arts: A (a) 1. Identifies similarities and differences in personal and family characteristics; B (a) 1. Uses a variety of art materials for tactile experience and exploration, 2. Participates in group music experiences. Language Arts, Art, Peacemaking Skills, Math n GR ADES Pre-K n OBJECTIVES 1. Students will identify differences and similarities between themselves and their classmates. 2. Students will use Venn diagrams to represent their differences and similarities between themselves and their classmates. 3. Students will use visual discrimination to grade colors from darkest to lightest. n MATERIALS • 2 hula hoops • Nametags for each student • Patricia Shih “The Color Song”, can be downloaded at http://www. songsforteaching.com/store/thecolor-song-download-pr-6535.html (.99) • Paper plates or circle cut outs • Multicultural paint or crayons • Free paint chips in various shades of peace, beige and brown from Lowes or Home Depot • Book The Colors of Us by Karen Katz • We’re Different... We’re the Same, By Bobbi Kates n SUNSHINE STATE STANDARDS Florida Voluntary Pre-K Education Standards: • Social and Emotional Development: A. 1. Demonstrates self-concept n DIRECTIONS Procedure and Time Required Presentation 1, Large Group (Circle Time) 30 minutes: 1.During circle time, play the song “The Color Song”. 2.Use two hula hoops to create a Venn diagram on the floor. Provide each student with a nametag. Set up a different Venn diagram on student’s characteristics, for example, eye color, hair color, clothing they are wearing, languages they speak, etc. Have the students place their nametag in the appropriate spot on the diagram (i.e. both, one or the other and neither). 3.Read the book “The Colors of Us” by Karen Katz. 4.Discuss the idea that everyone is a shade of a color, not simply black or white. Using paint samples, have the students figure out a new, more specific name for their skin color. Presentation 2, Small Group, 30 minutes: 1.Read We’re the Different, We’re the Same. Discuss the fact that even though we have differences, we are all the same, too. Talk about common characteristics we all share. 3.Using multicultural paints or by mixing brown, white and orange, students will create a paint sample that matches their skin color. They will use the paint to paint a paper plate. Then, using construction paper, googly eyes, yarn, etc. They will arrange the features that we all have (nose, eyes, hair, and mouth). 4.The students will arrange the faces into a “rainbow” from darkest to lightest, using visual discrimination to grade the colors. n EVALUATION/ ASSESSMENT Students will be assessed on their participation in large and small group activities. n EXTENSION Place multicultural paint at the easel during center time and encourage students to make representations of themselves. Place all paint samples in science center for grading from lightest to darkest. You can also take pictures of the students, print them out, and play sorting games with their pictures using a Venn diagram. This could be places on the shelf in either a math or peace center. Older grade students can survey peers on their experiences in different cultures or with racial discrimination. They can research biases in different racial groups, and write up their findings. They can research famous peacemakers who helped overcome racial discrimination, research laws against discrimination, and write essays about the similarities and differences between all people. 2.Give each student a small Dixie cup or similar paint container. 2010 - 2011 Idea Catalog of Excellence HHH “Preschoolers for Peace” Kelly De La Cruz Lesson Plan No 2: The Story of My Feelings n SUBJECTS COVERED Emergent Literacy, Art, Peacemaking Skills n SUNSHINE STATE STANDARDS Florida Voluntary Pre-K Education Standards: • n GR ADES Pre-K • Social Studies and The Arts: B (a) 1. Uses a variety of art materials for tactile experience and exploration, 2. Par ticipates in group music experiences. • Language and Communication: E. 1. Uses language to express needs and feelings, share experiences, predict outcomes, and resolve problems. n OBJECTIVES 1. Students will recognize and name a wide variety of feelings. 2. Students will list ways to appropriately express angry feelings. 3. Students will create a class book which expands their vocabulary about emotions. n MATERIALS • Tucker Turtle story-download for free http://www.challengingbehavior. org/do/resources/teaching_tools/ ttyc_toc.htm • CD It Starts in The Heart by Jack Hartman and Becky Bailey • On Monday When It Rained by Tom Bertheaume • Magazine cutouts or pictures from books depicting a variety of scenarios that would cause people to have different feeling, e.g. a boy taking another boy’s ball, someone hitting someone else, someone not sharing a toy, etc. • The Story of My Feeling, CD and book set, by Laurie Berkner • Digital camera (may be borrowed if not available as school equipment) Social and Emotional Development, D. Relationships with Peers, 4. Shows empathy and caring • Emergent Literacy: B. Emergent Writing 1. Shows motivation to engage in written expression, 2. Uses letter-like shapes, symbols and letters to convey meaning. n DIRECTIONS Procedure and Time Required Presentation 1, Large Group Circle Time, 20- 30 minutes: 1.Play the CD Laurie Berkner, The Story of My Feelings 2.Read the book On Monday When It Rained. Using chart paper or white board, have students dictate all the feeling words they know. Throughout the week, every time you’re reading a story that has a new emotion word, add the word to the ongoing list. 3.Ask students to use their face to model a “fancy” emotion word for a class book modeled on On Monday When It Rained. Take their picture making a face that represents a variety of feelings. Invite each student to dictate which feeling they were feeling and what caused them to feel that way. For example, “On Tuesday, when Kelly saw a spider right next to her foot, she felt terrified.” 4.At a later time, print out student photos and pair them with the student dictation. Bind them together in a class book. Make this available to the students in the peace center or the class library. Presentation 2, Large Group, Circle Time, 20-30 minutes: 1.Invite students to share a time they have felt very angry, and what caused them to feel that way. Allow them to discuss times when people have been really angry with them. 2.Review class rules, especially ones related to “Hands are for helping not hurting.” 3.Play the “STAR song” by Jack Hartman and Becky Bailey, which lets children know that when they are feeling very angry, they can stop, take a deep breath and relax. 2010 - 2011 Idea Catalog of Excellence “Preschoolers for Peace” Kelly De La Cruz Lesson Plan No 2: The Story of My Feelings (cont.) 4.Read the book Tucker Turtle Take Time to Tuck and Think. 5.Brainstorm with the children on what one can do when they are feeling very angry. Elicit responses such as: walk away, take a deep breath, play with someone else, ask an adult for help, get a hug, go to the beanbag and cool off, etc. Teach students the technique of “ballooning” which is basically filling your lungs up with as much air as possible, holding it for a second, and then letting it go. Presentation 3, Small Group, 20-30 minutes: 1.Students will cut out of magazines (or alternately, draw) pictures of things that make them angry. 2.The teacher will take dictation from the students on their “when I’m angry“ plan. For example, “If someone takes my toy, I will ask an adult for help.” 3.Students will share their plans with the rest of the class, and the pictures will be posted in the peace center or put together as a class book. n EVALUATION/ n EXTENSION Students will be assessed by teacher observation of their participation in small group and large group activities, and by their ability to make a plan for an alternative to violence when they are angry. As an at home extension, the teacher can send home a large paper heart with each student. Parents will assist students in cutting out things that make them feel happy, sad, angry, etc. and glue them on the heart, labeling how they feel. ASSESSMENT The teacher can also extend the emotions curriculum, making emotions bingo or creating artworks reflecting different emotions. One favorite, of my students, was when we looked at Picasso’s Blue Period artwork, and created a “blue period sadness artwork”. Students used oil pastels to draw either a sad self-portrait or a drawing of a sad scene. Scenes included cemeteries, men with sad faces standing in the rain under umbrellas, and pictures of being hurt. Then, using blue water color paint, we washed over the pictures, creating our own blue period artwork. Students in older grades can create a feelings thesaurus, to be used in their writing. They can research other artists who consistently depict a specific feeling in their artworks. They can create art portfolios that represent their feelings over time, or can keep journals of their feelings about different things. Writing prompts can be given to help students become aware of their feeling triggers. HHH 2010 - 2011 Idea Catalog of Excellence “Preschoolers for Peace” Kelly De La Cruz Lesson Plan No 3: Creating Peace • A photo album with a picture of each child in the class and how to write his or her name, as well as other vocabulary words or sentences that the children ask how to write. n SUBJECTS COVERED Emergent Literacy, Social Studies, Math n GR ADES • Visual aide for how to listen, can be downloaded at http://www. connectability.ca/connectability/ pages/si_tipsheets/listening-toothers.pdf Pre-K n OBJECTIVES 1. Students will generate several ideas of ways that they can make a positive impact on the classroom atmosphere, including acts of random kindness. 2. Students will par ticipate in a fundraiser to raise money for less fortunate people. 3. Students will sort coins into pennies, nickels, dimes and quarters, and will use correct vocabulary to refer to the coins. n SUNSHINE STATE STANDARDS Florida Voluntary Pre-K Education Standards: • Social and Emotional Development, D. Relationships with Peers, 3. Participates in the group life of the class. • Social Studies and The Arts: A. (b) 2. Describes some people’s jobs and what is required to perform them: B (a) 1. Uses a variety of art materials for tactile experience and exploration, 2. Participates in group music experiences. 4. Students will par ticipate in a classroom mail system, writing letters and placing them in their classmates’ mailboxes. n MATERIALS • Language and Communication: E. 1. Uses language to express needs and feelings, share experiences, predict outcomes, and resolve problems. • Emergent Literacy: B. Emergent Writing 1. Shows motivation to engage in written expression, 2. Uses letter-like shapes, symbols and letters to convey meaning. • Mathematical and Scientif ic Thinking: A (b) 3. Begins to develop an understanding of separating a set into a maximum of four parts. • Sorting mats with four columns • It Starts in the Heart CD by Becky Bailey and Jack Hartman • Book - Listen to the Wind: The Story of Dr. Greg and the Three Cups of Tea by Greg Mortenson & Susan L. Roth • Book - How Full is You Bucket for Kids by Tom Rath and Mary Reckmeyer • Empty coffee cans, one per student (or other mailbox “bucket”) n DIRECTIONS Procedure and Time Required Presentation 1, Large Group Circle Time, 20-30 minutes 1.Play the song That Was Helpful on the Jack Hartman and Becky Bailey CD, It Starts in the Heart 2.Read the book How Full is You Bucket for Kids by Tom Rath and Mary Reckmeyer. 3.Discuss things that happened in the story which were “drip” behaviors, those that made the boy’s bucket lose water, and those that were “drop” behaviors, which made filled his bucket up. Using pictures of kind deeds and unkind deeds, sort the pictures, with the children, into the two categories. Have children draw more on post-its, if there is time. Presentation 2, Small Group 15 minutes, Center Time extended access 1.Give each child a pre-cut plain piece of paper that wraps around a coffee can. Invite them to write their names and decorate. Glue the piece of paper around the coffee can, and explain that this will be their “bucket” or mailbox. 2.Introduce the children to the letter writing. Tell them that they can fill each other’s buckets with nice letters, encouraging words and well wishes. Show them the photo album with their classmates’ pictures and demo how they can copy the name onto the envelope and then find the matching box. Set these materials in the peace center or the literacy center. • Envelopes, paper and colored pencils or crayons • Pictures of being doing kind things or unkind things, to be sorted into “drop” behaviors and “drip” behaviors 2010 - 2011 Idea Catalog of Excellence “Preschoolers for Peace” Kelly De La Cruz Lesson Plan No 3: Creating Peace (cont.) 3.Give students access to this area during center time. When available, offer to take dictation for the students who want to write a letter to a classmate. At the end of the week (or day), have the students check their mailboxes, and assist them in reading any letters they have in there. Presentation 3, Large Group Circle Time, 20-30 minutes 1.Read the book Listen to the Wind: The Story of Dr. Greg and the Three Cups of Tea by Greg Mortenson & Susan L. Roth 2.Discuss how one person can make a big difference in the classroom… or in the world. Invite the children to think about what kinds of people they would like to help. Tell them we are going to collect money for the cause they decide on. (Our class raised money for Haiti.) n EXTENSION Use the digital camera to take pictures of students making choices that make the classroom environment more peaceful. Post in the peace center, or bind into a class book. Older students c an research different organizations to whom the money can be donated, and/or the various humanitarian efforts across the globe. They can also research recent and past Nobel Peace Prize winners and the issue they are helping to resolve. HHH Presentation 4, Small Group, 20 minutes 1.After sending home a note to parents explaining that we will be collecting “pennies for peace” and collecting coins from the students, collect all coins in one container. 2.Give each child a sorting mat. Tell the children vocabulary for each coin. Give each child a handful of coins to sort and count. Ask them to line up coins under each category. Ask questions such as, “Which coin do you have the most of? Do you have more pennies or dimes? How many quarters do you have?” 3.Donate the money to the chosen cause. If possible, show the children what effect their efforts has made, e.g. pictures of where the money is going. 2010 - 2011 Idea Catalog of Excellence “Preschoolers for Peace” Kelly De La Cruz Lesson Plan No 4: Let’s Talk It Out n SUBJECTS COVERED n DIRECTIONS Conflict Resolution Procedure and Time Required n GR ADES Pre-K n OBJECTIVES Students will bring conflicts to the peace table, and will follow four steps, take turns talking and listening, use I-messages, make suggestions for solutions, and end it peacefully. n MATERIALS • Song T.I.M.E. at the Peace Table by Paulette Meier can be downloaded at http://www.songsforteaching.com/ paulettemeier/timeatpeacetable. htm • Book - The Peace Rose by Alicia Jewell • Peace Table set up with a paper or fabric rose • Conflict resolution cube, downloaded from http://printables.scholastic. com/content/collateral_resources/ pdf/00/SPB00_372.pdf n SUNSHINE STATE STANDARDS Florida Voluntary Pre-K Education Standards: • Social and Emotional Development, E. Social Problem Solving, 1. Seeks adult help when needed to resolve conflicts Presentation 1, Small Group, 20 - 30 minutes: 1.Discuss what a conflict is with the students. Allow them to talk about conflicts they’ve had, and write them down. Stress that this should be a generic conflict, not a specific conflict with a classmate, so that this doesn’t turn into blaming. 2.Explain the rule to the children, “We are responsible for what we say and do.” Remind the students that they always have choices in how they are going to react. Review the idea that we all have a way we say a problem, and that it’s important to listen to someone when they are expressing their feelings to us. 3.Teach the rules of listening: a. Look at the person speaking to you. b. Stay still. Don’t move all over, look around or talk over the person. c. Think about the other person’s words. 4.Play the song T.I.M.E. at the Peace Table by Paulette Meier 5.Read the book The Peace Rose by Alicia Jewell. Discuss the book. Ask the children if they notice the way that people in both the book and song address problems. 6.Introduce the peace table. Use puppets to model peace talk (T.I.M.E.). Invite students to take puppets and give them a pretend conflict to work out. The steps of peace talk are: a. T- Take turns talking and listening. The person holding the rose is the speaker. Make sure to pass the rose back and forth. b. I- I-messages are messages that express a feeling without blame. For example, “I feel sad when people take my toys from me,” or, “I feel angry when people hit me.” c. M - M ake suggestions and choices. This often works best if you encourage the children to say what they want, not what they don’t want. For example, “I want you to give me back the truck,” is significantly better than “Stop taking my toys.” Introduce the conflict cube, to be used if the students have a hard time coming up with suggestions to solve the conflict. d. E- End it all by each putting a hand on the peace rose and saying, “Friends.” 7. Give the students ac c ess to the peace table whenever they are experiencing a conflict. For example, if students come to you to tattle or if you witness a conflict, walk the students over to the peace table. In the beginning, stay with the students, and help them remember the steps and the language to use. Gradually, phase out your participation, and only accompany children when they are having a hard time resolving their conflict without your help. n EVALUATION/ ASSESSMENT Students will be assessed by teacher observation of their participation in small group and large group activities, and by their ability to talk out their problems at the peace table. n EXTENSION The Teaching Tolerance website, www.tolerance.org, has a variety of activities geared towards older students. Older students could form peer mentor programs to assist each other in colflict resolution effor ts. Morning circle exercises can help students work through issues as a group. 2010 - 2011 Idea Catalog of Excellence HHH “Preschoolers for Peace” Kelly De La Cruz Lesson Plans Materials Budget Materials Budget Supplier Item Description Cost Quantity Total Cost The Dollar Store White paper plates 1.00 1 1.00 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Small photo album 1.00 2 2.00 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Lowes or Home Depot Paint chip samples free 0.00 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Office Depot Crayola Washable Multi-cultural Paints, set of 8 23.99 1 23.99 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Amazon.com We’re Different, We’re the Same by Bobbi Kates 3.99 1 3.99 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Samsung SL30 10MP Digital Camera with ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3x Optical Zoom and 2.5 inch LCD (Pink) 69.99 1 69.99 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Colors of Us by Karen Katz 17.73 1 17.73 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CD: Jack Hartman & Becky Bailey, It Starts in the Heart 17.98 1 17.98 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On Monday When It Rained by Tom Bertheaume 6.99 1 6.99 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Listen to the Wind: The Story of Dr. Greg and the Three ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Cups of Tea by Greg Mortenson and Susan L. Roth 11.55 1 11.55 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ How Full is Your Bucket for Kids ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ by Tom Rath and Mary Reckmeyer 16.99 1 16.99 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Story of My Feelings CD and book set ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ by Laurie Berkner 12.99 1 12.99 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ www.Songsforteaching.com Download of Patricia Shih’s “The Color Song” .99 1 .99 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Download of T.I.M.E. at the Peace Table by Paulette Meier .99 1 .99 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Parent Child Press The Peace Rose by Alicia Jewell 16.00 1 16.00 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ $203.18 Subtotal ____________________________________________ Kelly De La Cruz Teacher’s Name___________________________________ Lakeland Montessori School:__________________________________________ Middle School __________________________________________ 0.00 Tax if applicable ____________________________________________ 0.00 Shipping if applicable ____________________________________________ TOTAL BUDGET AMOUNT 2010 - 2011 Idea Catalog of Excellence $203.18 “Preschoolers for Peace” Rubric Kelly De La Cruz 2010 - 2011 Idea Catalog of Excellence