PEM Fuel Cells / Hans Aage Hjuler, Danish Power System

Resultater og erfaringer fra IEA Annex31 (22) –
PEM fuel cells
Informationsmøde, 18. Marts 2015
Hans Aage Hjuler
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Danish Power Systems®
Scope
Hvorfor er vi her…?
Hvad laver DPS?
Formålet med IEA Annex 31
Resultater og vejen frem
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Danish Power Systems®
Askov wind power test centre
Poul la Cour
(1846-1908)
Government
funded centre
The two test
windmills are from
1891 and 1897
Direct Current
Hydrogen storage
Hydrogen light
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Danish Power Systems®
Energy in Denmark
• Sustainable energy has been a major priority for several decades
• No nuclear power
• Windmill covers 39 % of the electricity production (2014) –and further
18 % is from renewable sources (biomass)
• Grid reliability 99,997 % (world leading, second to Luxembourg only)
• Siemens Wind Power (Denmark) and Vestas are world leaders in wind
technology
• High ambitions* in Denmark :
– 50 % wind for electricity in 2020
– 100 % renewable energy for electricity and heat by 2035
– 100 % of all energy from sustainable sources by 2050
• Transportation issues are very difficult to solve
• Fuels cells is expected to play a role in the future energy supply
*Danish Government, October 2011: http://www.stm.dk/publikationer/Et_Danmark_der_staar_sammen_11/Regeringsgrundlag_okt_2011.pdf
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Danish Power Systems®
Integration of energy systems in Denmark
Ressource
Energy-system
Sustainable energy
Flexible and efficient (economy and energy)
Import
power
Wind
Energy service
Low and stable prices
Export
el
Power system
Bio
Gas
CHP
Elektrolysis
Central
Heatpump
El-proces
light, it etc.
Decentral
Heatpump.
PV
Proces-heat
District heating and block heating
Wave
Heat p
uCHP
Bio,
waste
etc.
Coal
Nat.
Oil
Import
oil
2014-06-25
Building
heating
Boiler
EV
Ethanol
Anaerob
Gas cleaning/
conversion
Thermal
gasification
Rail
transport
Gas-systems (methan/synthesisgas/H2) *1)
Oil storage
Gas storage
Liquid fuels (Gasoline, Diesel, Methanol, DME etc.)
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ICE/FC
Road
transport
Sea
Air
transport
R&D
towards
an energy
system
based on
DPS facts
•
DPS produce and develop the energy efficient HTPEM technology
which utilizes renewable fuels. HTPEM is high temperature polymer
electrolyte fuel cells. DPS has focused on the actual single fuel cell
unit (MEA)
•
DPS is an independent and privately owned company.
•
10 employees and an international set-up
•
DPS is participating in Danish and European projects
•
Strong network with international and Danish companies,
universities and organizations
•
Member of the Danish Partnership for Hydrogen and Fuel Cells
•
Member of IEA, Annex 22; Member of Sci. Committee, FCH-JU, EU
•
Member of EMIRI (incl. Steering Comm.) and NEW-IG, Brussels
Danish Power Systems®
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The role of DPS
The strategy of Danish Power Systems is to develop and
manufacture MEAs:
• to produce MEAs with lower cost and higher performance than
others
• to increase the commercial business
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Danish Power Systems®
Technology
The HTPEM technology has a number of very
attractive features – fuel flexibility is a very
significant advantages. It works at 160 °C. The
high heat has advantages and can generate more
electricity and be you for (absorption) cooling.
It can work with pure hydrogen but also methanol,
LPG, DME, diesel and more.
Bio-methanol is CO2 neutral and compatible with
existing infrastructure and traffic patterns of
society today – thus:
 Access to cheap, clean, unlimited and
renewable energy
 Implementation “today”
From DoE
 Very limited cost of transition for society
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Danish Power Systems®
Simple HTPEM system
Reformer
Fuel cell
Electricity
Nat. Gas,
Methanol
Heat
H2
CO2
H2
CO2
CO
Humidification
of the air
CO clean-up
to 0,001 %
Air in
Air out
Danish Power Systems®
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Production – components manufacturing
Polymer synthesis
Membrane casting
Electrode spray
Assembly and QC
Danish Power Systems®
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Production - MEA assembly
Assembly and QC
Danish Power Systems®
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Product overview
Dapozol® 100 MEA
Available Sizes
 Dapozol ® MEAs are available in a number of standard sizes
 Customized sizes according to customer needs upon request,
up to approx. (600 cm2)
Dapozol® 100 MEA Sizes
Dapozol® Membrane Sizes
M20
20 mm
M40
40 mm
M60
60 mm
M80
80 mm
 Dapozol ® membranes are sold in sheets of 23 x 37 cm
and are available in a number of thicknesses.
Danish Power Systems®
18. marts 2015
IEA – Annex 31
PEM fuel cells
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Danish Power Systems®
Objectives
Objective: To contribute to the identification
and development of techniques to reduce
the cost and improve the performance and
durability of PEFCs and PEFC systems
Operating Agent: D. J. Liu, U. S.
Department of Energy, Argonne National
Laboratory
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Danish Power Systems®
Tasks
Subtask 1: Stack Materials
–Membrane materials (new functional groups, cheaper membranes, composite
membranes, high-temperature membranes, low-humidity proton conductors)
–Electrode catalysts (lower Pt loadings, CO tolerance, lower-cost higher-performance
structures, non-Pt materials)
–Bipolar plates (new materials, improved manufacturability, lower costs)
–Cells and stack assemblies (higher power density, low degradation, light-weight, lower
cost, continuous fabrication techniques, >100ºC operating temp.)
Subtask 2: System, Component, and Balance-of-Plant Issues End-user aspects
(contaminants, humidification and thermal management, operating environments and
duty cycles, rapid-start, durability, freeze-thaw cycling, and characterization of materials
and components). System-level issues (systems analysis, stack/system hardware
designs, fuel processing, and prototypes)
Subtask 3: Direct Fuel Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells
(e.g., Direct Methanol, Direct Ethanol, Direct Borohydride FC)
Cell materials (anode and cathode catalysts, reduced precious metal loadings, MEA
designs and processes for reduced fuel crossover, fuel impermeable membranes,
anion-conducting membranes). Operating conditions (pressure, temperature, vapor
versus liquid feed, fuel concentration, etc.). Stack and system designs and analyses
(modeling, high-temperature operation, high power densities, high efficiencies,
performance over duty cycles, etc.)
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Danish Power Systems®
Participants in Annex 31
Austria
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Italy
Israel
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Japan
Korea
Mexico
Sweden
United States
Danish Power Systems®
Collaboration - 1
• Møder hvert halve år
• Kombineres med konference (dansk forslag)
• Alle deltagere holder indlæg om deres
forskning- og udviklingsaktiviteter
• I nogle tilfælde også resultater fra andre (IRD)
• Udveksling af erfaringer
• Besøg på verdens største MCFC anlæg i
Korea
• Virksomhedsbesøg hos Hyundai og testkørsel
af fc bil
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Danish Power Systems®
Collaboration - 2
• Forsøg på at udvide kredsen til at omfatte flere lande
(dansk forslag):
o Tyrkiet, Spanien og Schweiz
o Vanskeligt pga. manglende midler
• Formidlingsaktiviteter
• Booklet under overvejelse med beskrivelse af
teknologier og partnere (dansk forslag – template herfra
danner grundlag)
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Danish Power Systems®
Collaboration - 3
Ekstra aktiviteter…:
• Samarbejde med IIE, Mexico om HTPEM (følges nok
op med to studerende fra CBS)
• Levering af materialer til japansk kunde
- kunne ikke være gjort uden medlemsskabet af IEA
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Danish Power Systems®
Summary & perspectives:
• IEA giver et vigtigt netværk indenfor H&FC
• Administrationen kunne være mere effektiv
• Deltagelsen har givet nye kontakter og nye kunder
Danish Power Systems®
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DPS International
• Stack development (together with
partners)
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Danish Power Systems®
Collaboration!
Danish Power Systems®
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Acknowledgements
EUDP, the Danish Ministry of Energy
Danish Power Systems®
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Thank you!
www.daposy.com
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Danish Power Systems®