Security Services in the US
Transcription
Security Services in the US
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Security Services in the US August 2012 IBISWorld Industry Report 56161 Security Services in the US August 2012 Andrew Krabeepetcharat 2 About this Industry 15 International Trade 29 Regulation & Policy 2 Industry Definition 16 Business Locations 29 Industry Assistance 2 Main Activities 2 Similar Industries 18 Competitive Landscape 30 Key Statistics 2 Additional Resources 18 Market Share Concentration 30 Industry Data 18 Key Success Factors 30 Annual Change 3 Industry at a Glance 18 Cost Structure Benchmarks 30 Key Ratios 4 Industry Performance 21 Barriers to Entry 4 Executive Summary 21 Industry Globalization 4 Key External Drivers 5 Current Performance 22 Major Companies 7 Industry Outlook 22 Securitas AB 9 Industry Life Cycle 23 G4S PLC 20 Basis of Competition 31 Jargon & Glossary 24 Allied Security LLC 11 Products & Markets 11 Supply Chain 27 Operating Conditions 11 Products & Services 27 Capital Intensity 13 Demand Determinants 28 Technology & Systems 13 Major Markets 28 Revenue Volatility www.ibisworld.com | 1-800-330-3772 | info @ibisworld.com 1 WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Security Services in the US August 2012 About this Industry Industry Definition Main Activities The primary activities of this industry are Armored car services Bodyguard services Polygraph services Private detective services Security guard services The major products and services in this industry are Armored vehicle services Investigation services On-site security guard services Security personnel at special events Other services Similar Industries 56145 Credit Bureaus & Rating Agencies in the US The Credit Bureaus and Rating Agencies industry provides credit checks. 56162 Security Alarm Services in the US The Security Alarm Services industry sells, maintains, monitors and services security equipment, including burglar and fire alarms. Additional Resources For additional information on this industry www.sdmmag.com Security Distributing and Marketing www.securitymagazine.com Security Magazine USA www.census.gov US Census Bureau 2 WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Security Services in the US August 2012 3 Industry at a Glance Security Services in 2012 Key Statistics Snapshot Revenue Annual Growth 07-12 Annual Growth 12-17 Profit Wages Businesses $28.2bn -0.2% 4.2% $16.3bn 40,874 $2.3bn Corporate profit Revenue vs. employment growth 6 40 4 30 2 20 % change % change Market Share 0 −2 −4 −6 Year 04 10 0 −10 06 08 Revenue 10 12 14 16 18 −20 Year 06 08 10 12 14 16 18 Employment SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM p. 22 Products and services segmentation (2012) 3% Key External Drivers Security personnel 9.9% at special events Armored vehicle services Corporate profit Crime rate 1.6% Other services Value of private nonresidential construction Number of businesses 16.3% Investigation services 69.2% On-site security guard services p. 4 SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Industry Structure Life Cycle Stage Revenue Volatility Capital Intensity Mature Regulation Level Light Low Technology Change Low Low Barriers to Entry Low Industry Globalization Low Competition Level High Industry Assistance None Concentration Level Low FOR ADDITIONAL STATISTICS AND TIME SERIES SEE THE APPENDIX ON PAGE 30 WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Security Services in the US August 2012 Industry Performance Executive Summary | Key External Drivers | Current Performance Industry Outlook | Life Cycle Stage Executive Summary Key External Drivers Corporate profit Crime rate 4 WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Security Services in the US August 2012 Industry Performance Key External Drivers continued Value of private nonresidential construction Number of businesses Crime rate Corporate profit 4200 Crimes per 100,000 people 40 % change 30 20 10 0 −10 −20 Year 06 08 10 12 14 16 18 4000 3800 3600 3400 3200 3000 Year 03 05 07 09 11 13 15 17 SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Current Performance 5 WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Security Services in the US August 2012 Industry Performance Continuing demand Industry revenue 6 % change 4 2 0 −2 −4 −6 Year 04 06 08 10 12 14 16 18 SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Hard times bring consolidation 6 WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Industry Performance Hard times bring consolidation continued Competition causes alarm Industry Outlook More businesses, more demand Security Services in the US August 2012 7 WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Industry Performance More businesses, more demand continued Competition growing Security Services in the US August 2012 8 WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Security Services in the US August 2012 9 Industry Performance % Growth of profit/GDP Life Cycle Stage Maturity 30 Quality Growth Company consolidation; level of economic importance stable 25 High growth in economic importance; weaker companies close down; developed technology and markets Key Features of a Mature Industry Revenue grows at same pace as economy Company numbers stabilize; M&A stage Established technology & processes Total market acceptance of product & brand Rationalization of low margin products & brands 20 15 Quantity Growth Many new companies; minor growth in economic importance; substantial technology change 10 5 Credit Bureaus & Rating Agencies Security Services 0 Shake-out Decline Crash or Grow? –10 –10 –5 Security Alarm Services Shake-out –5 Non-Hotel Casinos Electronic & Computer Repair Services 0 Potential Hidden Gems Time Wasters Future Industries 5 10 Hobby Industries 15 20 25 30 % Growth of establishments SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Industry Performance Industry Life Cycle This industry is Mature Security Services in the US August 2012 10 WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Security Services in the US August 2012 11 Products & Markets Supply Chain | Products & Services | Demand Determinants Major Markets | International Trade | Business Locations Supply Chain KEY BUYING INDUSTRIES 23 Construction in the US Security service companies provide construction firms with guards for residential and non-residential construction sites and materials. 31-33 Manufacturing in the US Manufacturing companies require security services to limit access, guard inventory and provide monitoring services. 44-45 Retail Trade in the US Retail stores use security services for inventory control, cash transfers and in-store video monitoring services. 48-49 Transportation and Warehousing in the US Public transportation companies require security services for passenger safety. 52 Finance and Insurance in the US Security service companies provide banks with security associated with cash transfers, ATMs and general patrol. 71321 Non-Hotel Casinos in the US Casinos use security service firms for cash transfers, particularly from slot machines, and general and monitored security. 72112 Casino Hotels in the US Casinos use security service firms for cash transfers, particularly from slot machines, and general and monitored security. 92 Public Administration in the US Schools, universities, health and hospital facilities and courts and prisons in the public sector demand security services from the industry. KEY SELLING INDUSTRIES Products & Services 33431 Audio & Video Equipment Manufacturing in the US The Audio and Video Equipment Manufacturing industry provides firms with security equipment. 56162 Security Alarm Services in the US The Security Alarm Services industry supplies security systems to operators. 81121 Electronic & Computer Repair Services in the US The Electronic and Computer Repair Services industry provides security service firms with repair and maintenance services of electronic security equipment. Security guard services WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Security Services in the US August 2012 12 Products & Markets Products & Services continued Products and services segmentation (2012) 3% Security personnel at special events Armored vehicle services 9.9% 1.6% Other services 16.3% Investigation services 69.2% On-site security guard services Total $28.2bn SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Investigation services Armored vehicles WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Security Services in the US August 2012 Products & Markets Products & Services continued Other Demand Determinants Major Markets 13 WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Security Services in the US August 2012 14 Products & Markets Major Markets continued Major market segmentation (2012) 9% 5% Residential clients Other clients 26% Major corporations 16% Government clients 21% Financial institutions Total $28.2bn 23% Retail clients SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Products & Markets International Trade Security Services in the US August 2012 15 WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Security Services in the US August 2012 16 Products & Markets Business Locations 2012 West New England AK 0.5 Great Lakes WA ND MT 1.5 Rocky Mountains ID OR 0.6 West NV 1.7 1.2 SD 0.2 WY 0.2 MN 0.1 0.2 Plains CO 0.5 1.4 0.4 2.8 KY 9 16.2 OK 1.2 AZ NM 1.7 0.7 Southwest TX 6.5 HI 0.9 Additional States (as marked on map) 1 VT 2 NH 3 MA 4 RI 5 CT 6 NJ 7 DE 8 MD 0.1 1.1 0.2 3.3 1.8 0.3 NC 2.2 SC Southeast MS AL 1.0 1.4 GA 2.9 0.5 LA 1.5 FL 6.4 Revenue (%) 0.3 3.1 0.4 8 0.4 TN AR 7 WV VA 6.4 2.9 CA West OH 0.6 MO KS 2.2 1.2 4.2 6 3.2 IN IL 0.3 UT PA 2.0 0.3 0.2 1 2 3 NY 9.4 5 4 MI 0.7 IA NE 0.1 WI ME MidAtlantic 9 DC 0.9 Less than 3% 3% to less than 10% 10% to less than 20% 20% or more SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Security Services in the US August 2012 17 Products & Markets Business Locations Revenue vs. population Revenue vs. establishments 20 20 Revenue Revenue Population Establishments Southwest Southeast Rocky Mountains Plains New England Mid-Atlantic West Southwest Southeast Rocky Mountains Plains New England 0 Mid-Atlantic 0 Great Lakes 10 West 10 Great Lakes % 30 % 30 SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Security Services in the US August 2012 18 Competitive Landscape Market Share Concentration | Key Success Factors | Cost Structure Benchmarks Basis of Competition | Barriers to Entry | Industry Globalization Market Share Concentration Enterprises by employment size (2012) No. of employees Share (%) 0 to 4 5 to 9 10 to 19 20 to 99 100 to 499 500+ Level Concentration in this industry is Low 51.8 12.5 11.5 16.6 5.5 2.1 SOURCE: US CENSUS BUREAU AND IBISWORLD Key Success Factors IBISWorld identifies 250 Key Success Factors for a business. The most important for this industry are: Ability to compete on tender Fast adjustments made to changing regulations Having a good reputation Close monitoring of competition Cost Structure Benchmarks Access to multiskilled and flexible workforce Use of most efficient work practices WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Security Services in the US August 2012 19 Competitive Landscape Profit Wages Sector vs. Industry Costs Average Costs of all Industries in sector (2012) Industry Costs (2012) 6.9 8.1 100 80 Percentage of revenue Cost Structure Benchmarks continued 52.8 57.9 60 40 20 13.2 2.9 4.7 17.1 2.4 Profit Wages Purchases Depreciation Marketing Rent & Utilities Other 3.6 0.6 3.0 4.0 22.8 0 SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Security Services in the US August 2012 Competitive Landscape Cost Structure Benchmarks continued Other Basis of Competition Level & Trend Competition in this industry is High and the trend is Increasing Internal competition External competition 20 WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Security Services in the US August 2012 21 Competitive Landscape Barriers to Entry Level & Trend Barriers to Entry in this industry are Low and Increasing Barriers to Entry checklist Competition Concentration Life Cycle Stage Capital Intensity Technology Change Regulation & Policy Industry Assistance Level High Low Mature Low Low Light None SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Industry Globalization Level & Trend Globalization in this industry is Low and the trend is Steady WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Security Services in the US August 2012 22 Major Companies Securitas AB | G4S PLC | Allied Security LLC | Other Companies Major players G4S PLC 9.7% (Market share) 71.9% Other Allied Security LLC 5.8% Securitas AB 12.6% SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Player Performance Securitas AB Market share: 12.6% Industry Brand Names Securitas Security Services USA Securitas AB (Security Services North America segment) – financial performance Year Revenue ($ million) (% change) Operating Income ($ million) (% change) 2007 3,119.7 N/C 166.2 N/C 2008 3,216.7 3.1 182.2 9.6 2009 3,098.2 -3.7 181.8 -0.2 2010 3,318.7 7.1 201.5 10.8 2011 3,460.7 4.3 196.6 -2.4 2012* 3,560.0 2.9 205.0 4.3 *Estimate SOURCE: ANNUAL REPORT AND IBISWORLD WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Security Services in the US August 2012 23 Major Companies Player Performance continued Player Performance G4S PLC Market share: 9.7% G4S PLC (North America segment) – financial performance Year Revenue ($ million) (% change) Operating Income ($ million) (% change) 2007 2,245.6 N/C 80.4 N/C 2008 2,429.0 8.2 67.4 -16.2 2009 2,496.2 2.8 78.1 15.9 2010 2,590.8 3.8 87.6 12.2 2011 2,649.6 2.3 142.7 62.9 2012* 2,726.5 2.9 146.9 2.9 *Estimate SOURCE: ANNUAL REPORT AND IBISWORLD WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Security Services in the US August 2012 24 Major Companies Player Performance continued Player Performance Allied Security LLC Market share: 5.8% Industry Brand Names AlliedBarton Security Services AlliedBarton Security Services (US segment) – financial performance Year Revenue ($ million) (% change) Operating Income ($ million) (% change) 2007 1,484.7 17.7 47.6 63.0 2008 1,607.3 8.3 59.6 25.2 2009* 1,526.9 -5.0 45.8 -23.2 2010* 1,543.7 1.1 39.0 -14.8 2011* 1,575.0 2.0 49.0 25.6 2012* 1,635.0 3.8 52.0 6.1 *Estimate SOURCE: ANNUAL REPORT AND IBISWORLD WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Security Services in the US August 2012 Major Companies Player Performance continued Other Companies The Brink’s Company Estimated market share: 2.7% Loomis AB Estimated market share: 2.3% 25 WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Major Companies Other Companies continued Security Services in the US August 2012 26 WWW.IBISWORLD.COM 27 Security Services in the US August 2012 Operating Conditions Capital Intensity | Technology & Systems | Revenue Volatility Regulation & Policy | Industry Assistance Capital Intensity Capital intensity Capital units per labor unit Level 0.5 The level of capital intensity is Low 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 Economy Administration, Business Security Support & Waste Services Management Services Dotted line shows a high level of capital intensity SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Tools of the Trade: Growth Strategies for Success Investment Economy Recreation, Personal Services, Health and Education. Firms benefit from personal wealth so stable macroeconomic conditions are imperative. Brand awareness and niche labor skills are key to product differentiation. Information, Communications, Mining, Finance and Real Estate. To increase revenue firms need superior debt management, a stable macroeconomic environment and a sound investment plan. Electronic & Computer Repair Services Security Services Traditional Service Economy Wholesale and Retail. Reliant on labor rather than capital to sell goods. Functions cannot be outsourced therefore firms must use new technology or improve staff training to increase revenue growth. Credit Bureaus & Rating Agencies Non-Hotel Casinos Security Alarm Services Audio & Video Equipment Manufacturing Change in Share of the Economy Capital Intensive Labor Intensive New Age Economy Old Economy Agriculture and Manufacturing. Traded goods can be produced using cheap labor abroad. To expand firms must merge or acquire others to exploit economies of scale, or specialize in niche, high-value products. SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Security Services in the US August 2012 28 Operating Conditions Capital Intensity continued Technology & Systems Level The level of Technology Change is Low Revenue Volatility Level The level of Volatility is Low When a firm makes poor investment decisions it may face underutilized capacity if demand suddenly falls, or capacity constraints if it rises quickly. Volatility vs Growth 1000 Revenue volatility* (%) A higher level of revenue volatility implies greater industry risk. Volatility can negatively affect long-term strategic decisions, such as the time frame for capital investment. Hazardous Rollercoaster 100 10 Security Services 1 0.1 Stagnant –30 –10 Blue Chip 10 30 50 70 Five year annualized revenue growth (%) * Axis is in logarithmic scale SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Operating Conditions Revenue Volatility continued Regulation & Policy Level & Trend The level of Regulation is Light and the trend is Increasing Industry Assistance Level & Trend The level of Industry Assistance is None and the trend is Steady Security Services in the US August 2012 29 WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Security Services in the US August 2012 30 Key Statistics Industry Data 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Sector Rank Economy Rank Industry Revenue Value Added Establish($m) ($m) ments 25,317.6 18,426.5 54,500 25,839.6 18,752.0 55,154 26,533.9 19,557.6 55,816 27,616.4 20,021.1 56,374 28,517.6 20,464.1 56,938 27,771.0 19,759.0 57,379 26,407.7 18,675.5 55,601 26,852.5 18,823.6 55,329 27,394.3 19,296.5 55,250 28,189.0 19,732.3 54,853 29,649.2 20,585.4 55,829 30,988.7 21,341.9 57,144 32,318.6 22,080.1 57,898 33,216.8 22,896.3 60,089 34,628.0 23,799.8 62,549 8/26 6/26 6/26 275/706 129/706 108/705 Enterprises Employment 40,573 666,497 40,978 692,761 41,388 706,819 41,760 716,075 42,178 721,876 42,629 725,119 41,459 701,074 41,352 700,920 41,201 699,585 40,874 703,034 41,509 709,387 42,424 728,836 42,919 738,638 44,544 771,052 46,402 798,570 6/26 6/26 121/705 54/706 Exports ---------------N/A N/A Imports ---------------N/A N/A Wages ($m) 15,034.0 15,289.5 16,002.1 16,375.7 16,756.8 16,343.3 15,506.6 15,735.6 16,036.6 16,321.4 16,997.9 17,592.3 18,137.2 18,810.7 19,540.6 6/26 89/706 Enterprises Employment (%) (%) 1.0 3.9 1.0 2.0 0.9 1.3 1.0 0.8 1.1 0.4 -2.7 -3.3 -0.3 0.0 -0.4 -0.2 -0.8 0.5 1.6 0.9 2.2 2.7 1.2 1.3 3.8 4.4 4.2 3.6 24/26 23/26 511/705 491/706 Exports (%) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Imports (%) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Wages (%) 1.7 4.7 2.3 2.3 -2.5 -5.1 1.5 1.9 1.8 4.1 3.5 3.1 3.7 3.9 17/26 356/706 Annual Change 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Sector Rank Economy Rank Industry EstablishRevenue Value Added ments (%) (%) (%) 2.1 1.8 1.2 2.7 4.3 1.2 4.1 2.4 1.0 3.3 2.2 1.0 -2.6 -3.4 0.8 -4.9 -5.5 -3.1 1.7 0.8 -0.5 2.0 2.5 -0.1 2.9 2.3 -0.7 5.2 4.3 1.8 4.5 3.7 2.4 4.3 3.5 1.3 2.8 3.7 3.8 4.2 3.9 4.1 19/26 20/26 24/26 299/706 402/706 528/705 Key Ratios 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Sector Rank Economy Rank IVA/Revenue (%) 72.78 72.57 73.71 72.50 71.76 71.15 70.72 70.10 70.44 70.00 69.43 68.87 68.32 68.93 68.73 5/26 24/706 Imports/ Demand (%) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Exports/Revenue (%) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Figures are inflation-adjusted 2012 dollars. Rank refers to 2012 data. Revenue per Employee ($’000) 37.99 37.30 37.54 38.57 39.50 38.30 37.67 38.31 39.16 40.10 41.80 42.52 43.75 43.08 43.36 24/26 684/706 Wages/Revenue (%) 59.38 59.17 60.31 59.30 58.76 58.85 58.72 58.60 58.54 57.90 57.33 56.77 56.12 56.63 56.43 5/26 15/706 Employees per Est. 12.23 12.56 12.66 12.70 12.68 12.64 12.61 12.67 12.66 12.82 12.71 12.75 12.76 12.83 12.77 11/26 367/705 Domestic Demand N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Number of Businesses With Employees (Million) 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.6 7.5 7.6 7.6 7.7 7.9 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 N/A N/A Domestic Number of Businesses Demand With Employees (%) (%) N/A 1.4 N/A 1.4 N/A 1.3 N/A 1.3 N/A -1.3 N/A -1.3 N/A 1.3 N/A 0.0 N/A 1.3 N/A 2.6 N/A 1.3 N/A 1.3 N/A 1.2 N/A 1.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A Average Wage ($) 22,556.74 22,070.38 22,639.60 22,868.69 23,212.85 22,538.78 22,118.35 22,449.92 22,923.02 23,215.66 23,961.39 24,137.53 24,554.92 24,396.15 24,469.49 23/26 597/706 Share of the Economy (%) 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 N/A 6/26 129/706 SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Security Services in the US August 2012 31 Jargon & Glossary Industry Jargon BIOMETRICS A technology that involves the use of face, fingerprint or similar recognition of individuals to allow secure access. CLOSED-CIRCUIT TELEVISION (CCTV) A technology that uses video surveillance equipment to transmit images to a specific set of monitors. MONITORED SECURITY SYSTEM A security system that involves the use of video, such as CCTV systems. IBISWorld Glossary BARRIERS TO ENTRY Barriers to entry can be High, Medium or Low. High means new companies struggle to enter an industry, while Low means it is easy for a firm to enter an industry. CAPITAL/LABOR INTENSITY An indicator of how much capital is used in production as opposed to labor. Level is stated as High, Medium or Low. High is a ratio of less than $3 of wage costs for every $1 of depreciation; Medium is $3 – $8 of wage costs to $1 of depreciation; Low is greater than $8 of wage costs for every $1 of depreciation. CONSTANT PRICES The dollar figures in the Key Statistics table, including forecasts, are adjusted for inflation using 2012 as the base year. This removes the impact of changes in the purchasing power of the dollar, leaving only the ‘real’ growth or decline in industry metrics. The inflation adjustments in IBISWorld’s reports are made using the US Bureau of Economic Analysis’ implicit GDP price deflator. DOMESTIC DEMAND The use of goods and services within the US; the sum of imports and domestic production minus exports. EARNINGS BEFORE INTEREST AND TAX (EBIT) IBISWorld uses EBIT as an indicator of a company’s profitability. It is calculated as revenue minus expenses, excluding tax and interest. EMPLOYMENT The number of working proprietors, partners, permanent, part-time, temporary and casual employees, and managerial and executive employees. ENTERPRISE A division that is separately managed and keeps management accounts. The most relevant measure of the number of firms in an industry. ESTABLISHMENT The smallest type of accounting unit within an Enterprise; usually consists of one or more locations in a state or territory of the country in which it operates. EXPORTS The total sales and transfers of goods produced by an industry that are exported. IMPORTS The value of goods and services imported with the amount payable to non-residents. INDUSTRY CONCENTRATION IBISWorld bases concentration on the top four firms. Concentration is identified as High, Medium or Low. High means the top four players account for over 70% of revenue; Medium is 40 –70% of revenue; Low is less than 40%. INDUSTRY REVENUE The total sales revenue of the industry, including sales (exclusive of excise and sales tax) of goods and services; plus transfers to other firms of the same business; plus subsidies on production; plus all other operating income from outside the firm (such as commission income, repair and service income, and rent, leasing and hiring income); plus capital work done by rental or lease. Receipts from interest royalties, dividends and the sale of fixed tangible assets are excluded. INDUSTRY VALUE ADDED The market value of goods and services produced by an industry minus the cost of goods and services used in the production process, which leaves the gross product of the industry (also called its Value Added). INTERNATIONAL TRADE The level is determined by: Exports/Revenue: Low is 0 –5%; Medium is 5 –20%; High is over 20%. Imports/Domestic Demand: Low is 0 –5%; Medium is 5 –35%; and High is over 35%. LIFE CYCLE All industries go through periods of Growth, Maturity and Decline. An average life cycle lasts 70 years. Maturity is the longest stage at 40 years with Growth and Decline at 15 years each. NON-EMPLOYING ESTABLISHMENT Businesses with no paid employment and payroll are known as non-employing establishments. These are mostly set-up by self employed individuals. VOLATILITY The level of volatility is determined by the percentage change in revenue over the past five years. Volatility levels: Very High is greater than ±20%; High Volatility is between ±10% and ±20%; Moderate Volatility is between ±3% and ±10%; and Low Volatility is less than ±3%. WAGES The gross total wages and salaries of all employees of the establishment. www.ibisworld.com | 1800-330-3772 | info @ibisworld.com Identify high growth, emerging & shrinking markets Arm yourself with the latest industry intelligence Assess competitive threats from existing & new entrants Benchmark your performance against the competition Make speedy market-ready, profit-maximizing decisions Who is IBISWorld? We are strategists, analysts, researchers, and marketers. We provide answers to information-hungry, time-poor businesses. Our goal is to provide real world answers that matter to your business in our 700 US industry reports. When tough strategic, budget, sales and marketing decisions need to be made, our suite of Industry and Risk intelligence products give you deeply-researched answers quickly. IBISWorld Membership IBISWorld offers tailored membership packages to meet your needs. Disclaimer This product has been supplied by IBISWorld Inc. 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