Additional national page for Country Report Issue 9

EHLEIS Technical report 2016_4.3
April 2016
Additional national page for
Country Report Issue 9
The EHLEIS team comprises:
Jean-Marie Robine, INSERM U988 and U1198, Montpellier, France, jean-marie.robine@inserm.fr
Herman Van Oyen, Scientific Institute of Public Health, Brussels, Belgium, Herman.VanOyen@wiv-isp.be
Bernard Jeune, University of Southern Denmark, Institute of Public Health, Odense, Denmark, BJeune@health.sdu.dk
Henrik Bronnum Hansen, Department of Public Health, KU, Copenhagen, Denmark, Henrik.Bronnum-Hansen@sund.ku.dk
Emmanuelle Cambois, INED (Institut National d’Etudes Démographiques), Paris, France, Cambois@ined.fr
Gabriele Doblhammer, Rostock Center for Demographic Change, Germany, doblhammer@rostockerzentrum.de
Viviana Egidi, University la Sapienza, Rome, Italy, viviana.egidi@uniroma1.it
Wilma J. Nusselder, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands, w.nusselder@erasmusmc.nl
Marten Lagergren, National Board of Health and Welfare (SoS/NBHW), Stockholm, Sweden, marten.lagergren@aldrecentrum.se
Carol Jagger, Newcastle University, United-Kingdom, carol.jagger@newcastle.ac.uk
Chris White, Office of National Statistics, Newport, United-Kingdom, Chris.White@ons.gsi.gov.uk
Isabelle Beluche, INSERM U1198, Montpellier, France, isabelle.beluche@inserm.fr
Loic D’Haillecourt, INSERM U1198, Montpellier, France, loic.dhaillecourt@inserm.fr
Christine Perrier, INSERM U1198, Montpellier, France, christine.perrier@inserm.fr
Contact EHLEIS:
Jean Marie ROBINE, INSERM
Université Montpellier
U1198/MMDN – CC105
Place Eugène Bataillon, Bat 24
34095-Montpellier cedex 05
France
Email: jean-marie.robine@inserm.fr
2
BELGIUM
De impact van roken op de bijdrage van chronische ziektes aan de invaliditeitslast in de
populatie van 50-80 jarigen, België, 2001-2008
1
De prevalentie van chronische ziektes/aandoeningen en invaliditeit, en bijdrage van elke oorzaak aan de
invaliditeitslast volgens categorieën van rokers. Gezondheidsenquête, België , 2001, 2004, 2008
1
Schatting met gebruik van de Toewijzingsmethode voorgesteld door Nusselder en Looman (2004)(1) ; Bijdrages uitgedrukt als prevalantie van
invaliditeit
2
Achtergrond komt overeen met de oorzaken van activiteitsbeperking die niet in de analyse werden opgenomen
Belangrijkste resultaten:
De prevalentie van chronische ademhalingsziektes bij 50-80 jarigen in België is groter bij de actieve rokers (15%)
in vergelijking met de ex-rokers (10%) en zij die nooit gerookt hebben (8%).
De prevalentie van depressie 50-80 jarigen in België is hoger bij actieve rokers (9%) dan bij ex-rokers (5%) en zij
die nooit gerookt hebben (9%).
De prevalentie van cardiovasculaire ziektes bij 50-80 jarigen in België is lager bij actieve rokers (5%) dan bij exrokers (10%).
De prevalentie van activiteitsbeperkingen bij 50-80 jarigen in België neigt naar een toename volgens categorie
van rokers (actief: 32% > ex-rokers: 31% > nooit gerookt: 30%), maar dit verschil is niet statistisch significant.
de
Er is een hoger aandeel van chronische ademhalingsziektes in activeitsbeperkingen bij actieve rokers (3 in rang ;
de
de
contributie=5%) en ex-rokers (4 in rang ; contributie= 4%) dan bij zij die nooit gerookt hebben (5 in rang ;
contributie=2%).
Er is een hoger aandeel van cardiovasculaire ziektes in activeitsbeperkingen bij ex-rokers (4%) dan bij actieve
rokers (2%).
(1) Nusselder WJ, Looman CWN. Decomposition of differences in health expectancy by cause. Demography 2004;41(2):315-34.
BRIDGE-Health (Bridging Information and Data Generation for Evidence-based Health Policy
and Research
Het European Health and Life Expectancy Information System (EHLEIS) maakt
deel uit van BRIDGE-Health dat de voorbereiding van een duurzaam en
geïntegreerd EU-gezondheidsinformatiesysteem beoogt, binnen het derde EUGezondheidsprogramma, 2014-2020 (www.bridge-health.eu).
European Health and Life Expectancy Information System – EHLEIS - website: http://www.eurohex.eu
Project leader : Jean-Marie Robine – Coordination of the Country reports : Isabelle Beluche
Contact: Herman Van Oyen, Scientific Institute of Public Health , Herman.VanOyen@wiv-isp.be
L’impact du tabagisme sur la contribution de maladies chroniques à la charge d’incapacité dans
la population de 50-80 ans, Belgique, 2001-2008
1
Prévalence de maladies/conditions chroniques et d’incapacité, et contribution de chaque cause à la charge
d’incapacité entre les catégories de fumeurs. Enquête de santé, 2001, 2004, 2008.
Estimation utilisant la méthode d’Attribution proposée par Nusselder et Looman (2004)(1) ; Contributions exprimées comme prévalence
d’incapacité.
2
Contexte correspond aux causes d’incapacité qui n’ont pas été incluses dans l’analyse
1
Points clés :
La prévalence de maladies respiratoires chroniques est plus élevée chez les fumeurs actifs (15 %) que chez les exfumeurs (10 %) et ceux qui n’ont jamais fumé (8 %) dans la population de 50-80 ans en Belgique.
La prévalence de dépressions chez les fumeurs actifs (9 %) est plus élevée que chez les ex-fumeurs (5%) et chez
ceux qui n’ont jamais fumé (7%) dans la population de 50-80 ans en Belgique.
La prévalence de maladies cardiovasculaires est plus basse chez les fumeurs actifs (5 %) par comparaison avec les
ex-fumeurs (10 %) dans la population de 50-80 ans en Belgique.
La prévalence d’incapacités tend à augmenter entre catégories de fumeurs (actifs : 32 % > ex-fumeurs : 31 % >
jamais fumés : 30%), mais cette différence n’a pas de signification statistique dans la population de 50-80 ans en
Belgique.
Une contribution plus importante des maladies respiratoires chroniques à ‘lincapacité chez les fumeurs actifs (3
e
dans l’ordre ; contribution=5%) et les ex-fumeurs (4 dans l’ordre ; contribution = 4%) que chez ceux qui n’ont
e
jamais fumé (5 dans l’ordre ; contribution = 2%).
e
Une contribution plus importante des des maladies cardiovasculaires à l’incapacité chez les ex-fumeur (4%)s par
rapport aux fumeurs actifs (2%).
(1)
Nusselder WJ, Looman CWN. Decomposition of differences in health expectancy by cause. Demography 2004;41(2):315-34.
European Health and Life Expectancy Information System – EHLEIS - website: http://www.eurohex.eu
Project leader : Jean-Marie Robine – Coordination of the Country reports : Isabelle Beluche
Contact: Herman Van Oyen, Scientific Institute of Public Health, Herman.VanOyen@wiv-isp.be
The impact of smoking on the contribution of chronic diseases to the disability burden in the
population 50-80 years, Belgium, 2001-2008
1
Prevalence of chronic conditions and disability and contribution of each cause to the disability burden across smoking
categories. Health Interview Survey, Belgium, 2001, 2004, 2008.
1
Estimated using the Attribution method proposed by Nusselder and Looman (2004)(1) ; Contributions expressed as disability prevalence.
Background corresponds to the disability causes that were not included in the analysis
2
Key points:
The prevalence of chronic respiratory diseases is larger in current smokers (15%) compared to former (10%) and
never (8%) smokers in individuals aged 50-80 years in Belgium.
The prevalence of depression in current smokers (9%) is larger than in former (5%) and never smokers (7%) in
individuals aged 50-80 years in Belgium.
The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases is lower in current smokers (5%) compared to former smokers (10%) in
individuals aged 50-80 years in Belgium.
The disability prevalence tends to increase across smoking categories (current: 32% > former: 31% > never: 30%),
but this difference is not statistically significant for individuals aged 50-80 years in Belgium.
Higher contribution of chronic respiratory diseases to the disability burden in current (3rd in the rank;
Contribution = 5%) and former smokers (4th in the rank; Contribution = 4%) compared to never smokers (5th in
the rank; Contribution = 2%).
Higher contribution of cardiovascular diseases to the disability burden in former smokers (4%) compared to
current smokers (2%).
(1)
Nusselder WJ, Looman CWN. Decomposition of differences in health expectancy by cause. Demography 2004;41(2):315-34.
BRIDGE-Health (Bridging Information and Data Generation for Evidence-based Health Policy and
Research
The European Health and Life Expectancy Information System (EHLEIS) is
part of BRIDGE-Health which aims to prepare the transition towards a
sustainable and integrated EU health information system within the third EU
Health Programme, 2014-2020 (www.bridge-health.eu).
European Health and Life Expectancy Information System – EHLEIS - website: http://www.eurohex.eu
Project leader : Jean-Marie Robine – Coordination of the Country reports : Isabelle Beluche
Contact: Herman van Oyen, Scientific Institute of Public Health, Herman.Vanoyen@wiv-isp.be
CYPRUS
Self-perceived limitations in daily activities (activity limitation for at least the past 6 months) by
Sex, Age and Educational Level (%), 2013
Females
First and second stage of tertiary education (levels 5 and 6)
Upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary
education (levels 3 and 4)
Pre-primary, primary and lower secondary education (levels
0-2)
Males
90.4
84.6
62.3
89
Upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary
education (levels 3 and 4)
85.5
None
Some
Severe
2.3
9.8 5.7
20.3
First and second stage of tertiary education (levels 5 and 6)
Pre-primary, primary and lower secondary education (levels
0-2)
7.3
67.4
17.3
7.7
9.7
19.4
3.3
4.8
13.1
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%100%
Key points:
According to the SILC 2013, the percentage of persons of both sexes reporting limitations in daily activities
decreases for persons attaining higher educational levels.
62,3% of women who had completed educational levels 0-2 reported having no activity limitations, whereas
these percentages increase to 84,6% and 90,4% for women completing educational levels 3-4 and levels 5-6
respectively. 20,3% of women who had completed educational levels 0-2 reported having some activity
limitations, whereas these percentages decrease to 9,8% and 7,3% for women completing educational levels 3-4
and levels 5-6 respectively. 17,3% of women who had completed educational levels 0-2 reported having severe
activity limitations, whereas these percentages decrease to 5,7% and 2,3% for women completing educational
levels 3-4 and levels 5-6 respectively.
The same picture applies for men as well. Specifically, 67,4% of men who had completed educational levels 0-2
reported having no activity limitations, whereas these percentages increase to 85,5% and 89,0% for men
completing educational levels 3-4 and levels 5-6 respectively. 19,4% of men who had completed educational
levels 0-2 reported having some activity limitations, whereas these percentages decrease to 9,7% and 7,7% for
men completing educational levels 3-4 and levels 5-6 respectively. 13,1% of men who had completed educational
levels 0-2 reported having severe activity limitations, whereas these percentages decrease to 4,8% and 3,3% for
men completing educational levels 3-4 and levels 5-6 respectively.
These results should be interpreted cautiously given the lack of the institutional population, such as people living
in nursing homes.
European Health and Life Expectancy Information System – EHLEIS - website: http://www.eurohex.eu
Project leader : Jean-Marie Robine – Coordination of the Country reports : Isabelle Beluche
Contact: Eleni Kyriacou – Institute of Health Information and Statistics – ekyriacou@cystat.mof.gov.cy
DENMARK
Voksende forskel mellem uddannelsesgrupper i forventet restlevetid med selvvurderet godt
helbred i Denmark
I en dansk undersøgelse er ændring fra 2000 til 2011 mellem uddannelsesgrupper i forventet restlevetid med
selvvurderet godt helbred ved alder 50 beregnet.
Undersøgelsen er baseret på nationale registerdata om dødelighed og uddannelse kombineret med data fra
Sundheds- og sygelighedsundersøgelserne fra 2000 og 2005, og Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe
(SHARE) fra 2006/07 og 2010/11.
Figuren nedenfor viser en kontinuerlig stigende forskel iforventet restlevetid med selvvurderet godt helbred mellem
50-årige med en kort og lang uddannelse. Den stiplede linje på grafen markerer at svarkategorierne på spørgsmålet
om selvvurderet helbred samtundersøgelsesdesign og dataindsamlingsmetode er forskellig mellem Sundheds- og
sygelighedsundersøgelserne (2000 og 2005) og SHARE(2006/07 and 2010/11). Derfor kan de absolutte værdier ikke
sammenlignes direkte.
Figuren viser ingen tegn på,at der under finanskrisen har været en ændring i den vedvarende øgning af den sociale
ulighed.
Forskel i forventet restlevetid med selvvurderet godt helbred
mellem 50-årige med lang og kort uddannelse. Danmark 2000-11
10
Kvinder
9
Sundheds- og sygelighedsundersøgelserne
2000 og 2005
Kvinder
Mænd
År 8
Mænd
SHARE, 2006/07 og 2010/11
7
6
2000
2005
2006/07
2010/11
Flere detaljer i: Brønnum-Hansen H et al. Educational inequalities in health expectancy during the financial crisis in
Denmark. International Journal of Public Health 2015; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00038-015-0726-3
European Health and Life Expectancy Information System – EHLEIS - website: http://www.eurohex.eu
Project leader : Jean-Marie Robine – Coordination of the Country reports : Isabelle Beluche
Contact: Henrik Bronnum-Hansen, University of Copenhagen, Henrik.Bronnum-Hansen@sund.ku.dk
Increasing educational differentials in health expectancy in Denmark
A Danish study estimated educational differentials in the changes from 2000 to 2011 in expected lifetime in self-rated
good health at age 50.
The study was based on nationwide register data on mortality and education combined with data fromthe Danish
Health Interview Surveys 2000 and 2005and the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe
(SHARE)2006/2007 and 2010/2011.
The figure below shows continuously increasing educational differentials in expected lifetime in self-rated good
health. The broken line on the graph indicates that the answer categories of the self-rated health question and the
design and data collection procedure differed between the Danish Health Interview Surveys (2000 and 2005) and the
SHARE surveys (2006/07 and 2010/11). This is why the absolute values cannot be compared directly.
The figure demonstrates no sign indicating a change in the persistent trend of the widening social gap during the
financial crises.
Difference in expected lifetime in self-rated good health between 50-year-olds
with a high and a low educational level. Denmark 2000-11
10
Women
9
Danish Health Interview Surveys,
2000 and 2005
Women
Years
Men
8
Men
SHARE, 2006/07 and 2010/11
7
6
2000
2005
2006/07
2010/11
More details in: Brønnum-Hansen H et al. Educational inequalities in health expectancy during the financial crisis in
Denmark. International Journal of Public Health 2015; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00038-015-0726-3
European Health and Life Expectancy Information System – EHLEIS - website: http://www.eurohex.eu
Project leader : Jean-Marie Robine – Coordination of the Country reports : Isabelle Beluche
Contact: Henrik Bronnum-Hansen, University of Copenhagen, Henrik.Bronnum-Hansen@sund.ku.dk
FRANCE
Position relative de la France pour les indicateurs d’espérances en santé parmi les pays de l’Union
Européenne en 2013 (source : EHLEIS)
Espérance de vie en très bonne ou bonne santé perçue
Hommes
à 16 ans
Espérance de vie en très bonne ou bonne santé
43,6 années
Sur 26 pays européens (ordre décroissant)
11ème rang
Moyenne de l’UE 27 (2012)
43,3 années
Maximum
Suède 53,0 années
Minimum
Lettonie 27,9 années
Femmes
Espérance de vie en très bonne ou bonne santé
43,4 années
Sur 26 pays européens (ordre décroissant)
13ème rang
Moyenne de l’UE 27 (2012)
43,2 années
Maximum
Suède 52,9 années
Minimum
Lettonie 28,4 années
Espérance de vie sans problème de santé chronique
Hommes
à 16 ans
Espérance de vie sans probl de santé chronique
40,9 années
Sur 26 pays européens (ordre décroissant)
17ème rang
Moyenne de l’UE 27 (2012)
42,9 années
Maximum
Luxembourg 59,4an.
Minimum
Estonie 32,7 années
Femmes
Espérance de vie sans probl de santé chronique
42,2 années
Sur 26 pays européens (ordre décroissant)
16ème rang
Moyenne de l’UE 27 (2012)
44,0 années
Maximum
Bulgarie 50,6 années
Minimum
Estonie 34,4 années
Espérance de vie sans incapacité
Hommes
Espérance de vie sans incapacité
Sur 26 pays européens (ordre décroissant)
Moyenne de l’UE 27 (2012)
Maximum
Minimum
Femmes
Espérance de vie sans incapacité
Sur 26 pays européens (ordre décroissant)
Moyenne de l’UE 27 (2012)
Maximum
Minimum
à 65 ans
7,7 années
10ème rang
6,9 années
Suède 12,9 années
Lituanie 1,3 année
8,4 années
7ème rang
6,8 années
Suède 13,6 années
Lituanie 0,6 année
à 65 ans
6,9 années
13ème rang
7,3 années
Lux. 11,7 années
Estonie 3,3 années
8,7 années
11ème rang
7,9 années
Danemark 13,3 an.
Estonie 3,1 années
à la naissance
63,0 années
10ème rang
61,5 années
Malte 71,6 années
Lettonie 51,7 années
à 65 ans
10,7 années
6 ème rang
8,6 années
Suède 12,9 années
Lettonie 4,0 années
64,4 années
7ème rang
62,1 années
Malte 72,7 années
Lettonie 54,2 années
9,9 années
8ème rang
8,6 années
Suède 13,8 années
Slovaquie 3,7 années
On constate une grande différence entre le classement de la France en termes d’espérance de vie à la
ème
naissance (7 rang chez les hommes, premier chez les femmes) et les classements pour les indicateurs
d’espérances en santé. Ceci reflète le fait que la proportion d’années vécues respectivement avec une santé
perçue passable ou mauvaise, avec une morbidité chronique ou avec une limitation d’activité est relativement
importante en France Les classements relatifs sont meilleurs pour les espérances à 65 ans du fait en particulier
de l’avantage en termes d’espérance de vie totale, qui est la plus élevée de l’Union Européenne pour les
femmes mais aussi pour les hommes.
Cette page a été réalisée par le Ministère des Affaires sociales et de la Santé.
Relative rank of France for health expectancy indicators among the European Union Member
States in 2013 (EHLEIS data)
Life expectancy in good or very good self-perceived health
Men
At age 16
Life expectancy in very good or good health
43.6 years
Rank among the EU28 (descending order)
11th rank
EU 27 average
43.3 years
Maximum
Sweden 53.0 years
Minimum
Latvia 27.9 years
Women
Life expectancy in very good or good health
43.4 years
Rank among the EU28 (descending order)
13th rank
EU27 average
43.2 years
Maximum
Sweden 52.9 years
Minimum
Latvia 28.4 years
Life expectancy without chronic morbidity
Men
Life expectancy without chronic morbidity
Rank among the EU28 (descending order))
EU 27 average
Maximum
Minimum
Women
Life expectancy without chronic morbidity
Rank among the EU28 (descending order)
EU27 average
Maximum
Minimum
Life expectancy without activity limitation (HLY)
Men
Life expectancy without activity limitation
Rank among the EU28 (descending order)
EU27 average
Maximum
Minimum
Women
Life expectancy without activity limitation
Rank among the EU28 (descending order)
EU27 average
Maximum
Minimum
At age 65
7.7 years
10th rank
6.9 years
Sweden 12.9 years
Lithuania 1.3 years
8.4 years
7th rank
6.8 years
Sweden 13.6 years
Lithuania 0.6 year
At age 16
40.9 years
17h rank
42.9 years
Lux. 59.4 years
Estonia 32.7 years
At age 65
6.9 years
13thrank
7.3 years
Lux. 11.7 years
Estonia 3.3 years
42.2 years
16th rank
44.0 years
Bulgaria 50.6 years
Estonia 34.4 years
8.7 years
11th rank
7.9 years
Denmark 13.3 years
Estonia 3.1 years
At birth
63.0 years
10th rank
61.5 years
Malta 71.6 years
Latvia 51.7 years
At age 65
10.7 years
6th rank
8.6 years
Sweden 12.9 years
Latvia 4.0 years
64.4 years
7th rank
62.1 years
Malta 72.7 years
Latvia 54.2 years
9.9 years
8th rank
8.6 years
Sweden 13.8 years
Slovakia 3.7 years
th
There is a big difference between the ranking of France in terms of life expectancy at birth (7 rank in men, first
in women) and rankings for health expectancies. This reflects the fact that the proportion of years lived in fair
or poor perceived health, with chronic morbidity and with limitation in usual activity, respectively, is relatively
high in France (in particular it is systematically higher than the average proportion for the EU27). Relative
rankings are better for health expectancies at age 65, especially because of the advantage in terms of total life
expectancy, which is the highest of the European Union for women but also for men.
This page was realised by the French Ministry of Health and Social Affairs
GREECE
Προσδόκιμο ζωής (ΠΖ) και Έτη Υγιούς Ζωής (ΕΥΖ) στις ηλικίες 0, 16, 50 και 65 στην Ελλάδα
κατά φύλο
Βασικά σημεία:
Το 2013, το προσδόκιμο ζωής (ΠΖ) κατά τη γέννηση ήταν 78,9 έτη για τους άνδρες και 84,2 έτη για τις
γυναίκες, ενώ το προσδόκιμο ζωής χωρίς περιορισμό δραστηριοτήτων (Έτη Υγιούς Ζωής) ήταν 64,9 έτη
για τους άνδρες και 65,2 έτη για τις γυναίκες.
Στην ηλικία των 16 το ΠΖ ήταν 63,1 έτη για τους άνδρες και 68,4 έτη για τις γυναίκες (δηλαδή, 5,4 έτη
περισσότερο). Ωστόσο, ενώ κατά τη γέννηση τα ΕΥΖ ήταν περισσότερα για τις γυναίκες σε σύγκριση με
τους άνδρες, καθώς η ηλικία αυξάνεται, τα ΕΥΖ για τις γυναίκες μειώνονται σε σύγκριση με τους άνδρες
(49,5 για τις γυναίκες και 49,2 για τους άνδρες).
Τα αποτελέσματα δείχνουν ότι οι γυναίκες αναμένεται να ζήσουν περισσότερα έτη από τους άνδρες
αλλά περνούν πολύ μεγαλύτερο μέρος της ζωής τους με «κακή» υγεία.
Πιο συγκεκριμένα, κατά τη γέννηση, οι γυναίκες αναμένεται να περάσουν το 77,4% της υπολειπόμενης
ζωής τους χωρίς περιορισμό δραστηριοτήτων (που αντιστοιχεί στα Προσδοκώμενα ΕΥΖ), ενώ οι άνδρες
κατά τη γέννηση αναμένεται να περάσουν το 82,3% της υπολειπόμενης ζωής τους χωρίς περιορισμό
δραστηριοτήτων.
Στην ηλικία των 50 ετών οι γυναίκες αναμένεται να περάσουν το 50,0% της υπολειπόμενης ζωής τους
χωρίς περιορισμό δραστηριοτήτων ενώ οι άνδρες της ίδιας ηλικίας αναμένεται να περάσουν το 58,7%
της υπολειπόμενης ζωής τους χωρίς περιορισμό δραστηριοτήτων.
Στην ηλικία των 65 ετών οι γυναίκες αναμένεται να περάσουν το 31,6% της υπολειπόμενης ζωής τους
χωρίς περιορισμό δραστηριοτήτων ενώ οι άνδρες της ίδιας ηλικίας αναμένεται να περάσουν το 43,0%
της υπολειπόμενης ζωής τους χωρίς περιορισμό δραστηριοτήτων.
European Health and Life Expectancy Information System – EHLEIS - ιστοσελίδα: http://www.eurohex.eu
Υπεύθυνος Έργου : Jean-Marie Robine – Συντονισμός Εκθέσεων Χωρών : Isabelle Beluche
Επικοινωνία: Giorgos Ntouros, Hellenic Statistical Authority (ELSTAT), g.ntouros@statistics.gr
Life expectancy (LE) and Healthy Life Years (HLY) at ages 0, 16, 50 and 65 for Greece by sex
Key points:
In 2013, LE at birth was 78.9 years for men and 84.2 years for women, while disability-free life expectancy
(Healthy Life Years) was 64.9 years for men and 65.2 years for women.
At age 16 LE was 63.1 years for men and 68.4 years for women (that is, 5.4 years above men). However,
while at birth HLY were more for women compared to men, as age increases, HLY for women decrease
compared to men (49.5 for women and 49.2 for men).
The results indicate that women may expect to live more years but spend a much larger proportion of
their life in ill health.
More specifically, at birth, women can expect to live 77.4% of their remaining life without activity
limitations (corresponding to HLY), while at birth men can expect to live 82.3% of their remaining life
without activity limitations
At age 50 women can expect to live 50.0% of their remaining life without activity limitations while at the
same age men can expect to live 58.7% of their remaining life without activity limitations.
At age 65 women can expect to live 31.6% of their remaining life without activity limitations, while at the
same age men can expect to live 43.0% of their remaining life without activity limitations.
European Health and Life Expectancy Information System – EHLEIS - website: http://www.eurohex.eu
Project leader : Jean-Marie Robine - Coordination of the Country reports : Isabelle Beluche
Contact: Giorgos Ntouros, Hellenic Statistical Authority (ELSTAT), g.ntouros@statistics.gr
ITALY
Speranze di vita per condizioni di salute a 65 anni calcolate sulla base della limitazione di attività
(HLY), morbosità cronica e salute percepita per l’Italia. Dati SILC 2007-2013
12
12
10
10
8
6
4
LE in buona salute
LE senza limitazioni nelle attività
2
Uomini
Donne
8
6
4
LE in buona salute
LE senza limitazioni nelle attività
2
LE senza malattie croniche
LE senza malattie croniche
0
0
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Per tutti gli indicatori del 2010 sono state utilizzate delle stime calcolate come media dei dati 2009 e 2011.
Risultati principali
Ci sono tante speranze di vita per condizioni di salute quanti sono i diversi concetti di salute e ciascuna descrive
un aspetto specifico; a volte può essere difficile scegliere un'unica misura e potrebbe essere invece utile
analizzare contemporaneamente tutte le speranze di vita al fine di avere un quadro che sia il più completo
possibile dello stato di salute di un singolo paese.
Le tre dimensioni della salute indagate dal MEHM mostrano differenti livelli e differenti andamenti temporali per
l’Italia. Dal 2007 al 2013 il trend delle tre differenti HE converge: HLY è rimasta stabile, LE senza malattia croniche
è diminuita e LE in buona salute percepita è aumentata (+1,7 sia per gli uomini sia per le donne).
Tuttavia nel 2013 si evidenzia un peggioramento della LE in buona salute: dal 2012 al 2013 questa diminuisce di
0,5 e di 0,2 anni rispettivamente per donne e uomini. In questo periodo i valori degli HLY restano costanti, anche
se per le donne si osserva una leggera diminuzione pari a 0,1 anni. Per gli uomini si osserva un leggero aumento
fino al 2011, con una diminuzione tra il 2011 ed il 2012 di 0,4 anni; i dati del 2013 sono invece simili a quelli del
2012.
Nell’intero periodo la LE senza malattie croniche diminuisce di 1,5 anni per le donne e di 0,7 anni per gli uomini.
L’analisi di questi risultati apparentemente incoerenti, necessita di alcuni accorgimenti:
1) le risposte al questionario SILC sono autodichiarate e potrebbero essere influenzate dalle caratteristiche
culturali ed individuali dei rispondenti;
2) l’analisi di differenti dimensioni della salute e delle correspettive misure potrebbe portare a risultati diversi:
per esempio una persona potrebbe dichiarare una buona percezione del proprio stato di salute ma essere
affetta da una malattia cronica o avere una limitazione funzionale;
3) al fine di avere una panoramica esaustiva sullo stato di salute della popolazione sarebbe opportuno che i
decisori politici analizzassero congiuntamente tutti gli indicatori di salute disponibili.
European Health and Life Expectancy Information System – EHLEIS - website: http://www.eurohex.eu
Project Leader : Jean-Marie Robine- Coordination of the Country reports : Isabelle Beluche
Contact: Luisa Frova & Alessandra Battisti, ISTAT, frova@istat.it, albattis@istat.it
Health expectancies based on activity limitation (HLY), chronic morbidity and perceived health
for Italy based on SILC 2007-2013
12
12
10
10
8
Men
Women
8
6
4
6
LE in good perceived health
4
LE without limitation
LE in good perceived health
LE without limitation
2
LE without morbidity
0
2
LE without morbidity
0
2007
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2013
For all the indicators of 2010 estimated data were used calculated as the mean of 2009 and 2011 data.
Key points
There are as many health expectancies (HE) as concepts of health and each one describes a specific aspect of health,
sometimes it could be difficult to use a specific measure only and it could be useful to analyze all HE in order to have a
complete picture of the health status of a population.
The three dimensions of health investigated by MEHM show different levels and time trends of HE for Italy. As
observed in the previous reports the trends of three different HE are converging in the whole period 2007-2012: HLY is
stable, LE without chronic diseases decreases, while LE in good health increases (+1.7 both for women and men).
However in 2013 figures show a worsening of the perceived health status: from 2012 to 2013 the LE in good health
decreased of 0.5 and 0.2 years respectively for women and men.
Over this period HLY values tend to be stable, in women a slight decrease of 0.1 year is observed. In men there is a
slight increment until 2011, when a drop of 0.4 years from 2011 to 2012 is observed; 2013 data are similar to 2012
ones.
In the overall period the LE without chronic diseases decreases of 1.5years for women and of 0.7years for men.
From these apparently incoherent results some warnings are necessary:
1) The answers provided in SILC questionnaire are self-reported and may be affected by cultural and individual
characteristics of respondents;
2) Different dimensions of health and corresponding measures may lead to different results: for example a person
may declare of being in good health also if affected by a chronic disease or by a functional limitation;
3) To have an exhaustive picture of a population health status and to provide useful information to the stakeholders it
is therefore necessary to analyze jointly all the available healthy expectancy indicators.
Therefore caution is needed in using these data and in drawing conclusions from figures and instruments of recent
application that are still evolving.
European Health and Life Expectancy Information System – EHLEIS - website: http://www.eurohex.eu
Project Leader : Jean-Marie Robine - Coordination of the country reports : Isabelle Beluche
Contact: Luisa Frova e Alessandra Battisti – ISTAT – Viale Liegi 13 – 00198 Roma - Italia
Tel :+39-0646737382 e +39-0646737582/e-mail : frova@istat.it, albattis@istat.it
LITHUANIA
Vyrai
Moterys
Vyrai
Moterys
65 m. amžiaus Europos šalių gyventojų Sveiko gyvenimo metai (SGM) ir Vidutinė tikėtina
gyvenimo trukmė (VGT) (sveikatos duomenys iš SILC 2013 m.)
Pagrindiniai aspektai:
65 m. amžiaus Lietuvos vyrų VGT siekė 14,1 metų, o moterų – 19,2 m. Nors moterys užėmė geresnę
vietą bendroje valstybių struktūroje pagal VGT nei vyrai, abiejų lyčių įverčiai buvo žemesni nei 28 ES
valstybių vidurkis.
Remiantis 2013 m. SILC tyrimo duomenimis, 65 m. amžiaus Lietuvos vyrai ir moterys galėjo tikėtis būti
geros sveikatos dar atitinkamai 5,9 ir 6,3 metus. Palyginus su kitomis Europos valstybėmis, Lietuvos
gyventojų SGM trukmė yra žemesnė nei 28 Europos valstybių SGM vidurkis (ES 28 vyrų 8,5 m., moterų
8,6 m.), tačiau geresnė nei kitų Baltijos šalių.
Europos sveikatos ir gyvenimo trukmės informacinė sistema – EHLEIS – tinklapis: http://www.eurohex.eu
Koordinatoriai : Robine Jean Marie, projekto vadovas
Kontaktai : Zilvine Naslène, Institute of Hygiene, Health Information Center, zilvine.naslene@hi.lt
Women
Men
Women
Men
Life Expectancy (LE)
Healthy life years (HLY)
Healthy Life Years (HLY) and Life Expectancy (LE) at the age of 65 in
European Countries based on SILC 2013
Key points:
Life Expectancy for Lithuanian men at the age of 65 was 14.1 years, and for women of the same age – 19.2 years.
Although women were doing much better with regard to LE, both estimates (for men and women) were lower than
the EU 28 average.
According to 2013 SILC data, Lithuanian men and women at the age of 65 could have expected to live 5.9 and 6.3
years in good health, accordingly. Compared with other countries’ estimates, Lithuania’s HLY was lower than the EU
28 average (EU 28 8,5years for men and 8,6 years for women) and was similar for both sexes, but better than other
Baltic countries.
European Health andLife Expectancy Information System – EHLEIS - website: http://www.eurohex.eu
Project Leader : Jean-Marie Robine – Coordination of the Country Reports : Isabelle beluche
Contact: Nadezda Lipunova- Health Information Centre, Institute of Hygiene- Didizioji. Str. 22, Vilnius LT-01128 Lithuania
e-mail: nadezda.lipunova@hi.lt
The NETHERLANDS
Vergelijking tussen EU‐SILC
gezondheidsprevalenties
en
Gezondheidsenquête
als
bron
voor
J.W. Bruggink (Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek) en W.J Nusselder (Erasmus MC)
De gezonde levensverwachtingen, zoals die in dit country report gepresenteerd worden, zijn
gebaseerd op de “Minimum European Health Module” (MEHM) uit EU‐SILC. Daarnaast voert het
Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek (CBS) jaarlijks een gezondheidsenquête (GE) uit en
berekentdaaruit de levensverwachting in als goed ervaren gezondheid, de levensverwachting
zonderlichamelijke beperkingen en de levensverwachting zonder chronische ziekten. Deze nationale
cijfersworden gepubliceerd op Statlineen worden gebruikt in diverse nationale publicaties.
Beide tijdreeksen over gezode levensverwachting hebben hun toegevoegde waarde en ze dienen
verschillende doelen. De nationale cijfers zijn gebaseerd op de GE met gedetailleerde enquêtevragen
over lichamelijke beperkingen en chronische ziektes en aandoeningen. In de enquête zitten ook
vragen over leefstijl en andere gezondheidsgerelateerde items. De EU‐data komen uit een brede
enquête naar inkomen en leefomstandigheden (EU‐SILC), waarin de MEHM en slechts enkele andere
vragen over gezondheid gaan. EU‐SILC is internationaal echter goed vergelijkbaar. De nationale en de
Europese enquête worden op verschillende manieren afgenomen. EU‐SILC is in Nederland een
vervolgonderzoek dat geplaatst is achter de vijfde peiling van de Enquête Beroepsbevolking, met als
gevolg een lager responspercentage in vergelijking met de nationale GE. Een ander verschil is dat de
GE door het hele jaar heen wordt afgenomen en EU‐SILC alleen in de periodejuni t/m september.
De publicatie van twee cijferreeksen over gezonde levensverwachting roept de vraag op over
vergelijkbaarheid. In 2013waren de enquêtevragen van den MEHM ookopgenomen in de nationale
GE. Figuur 1 toont dat de MEHM-uitkomsten van beide enquêtesniet helemaalovereenkomen. De
totaalprevalentie (rechts in the figuur) van chronische ziekte/aandoening en die van GALIbeperkingen is in SILC hoger dan in de GE (p < 0,05).
Figuur 1. Prevalenties MEHM-indicatoren, Nederland, 2013
European Health and Life Expectancy Information System – EHLEIS - website: http://www.eurohex.eu
Project leader : Jean-Marie Robine – Coordination of the Country reports : Isabelle Beluche
Contact: Wilma Nusselder, Erasmus University, w.nusselder@erasmusmc.nl
Comparison between Dutch EU-SILC and Dutch HIS as source for health prevalences
J.W. Bruggink (Statistics Netherlands) and W.J. Nusselder (Erasmus MC)
The health expectancies presented in this country report are based on the Minimum European
Health Module (MEHM) in EU‐SILC. However, in the Netherlands also time series of health
expectancies based on national survey(s) are published. Statistics Netherlands (known as “CBS”)
yearly conducts a health interview survey and calculates life expectancy in good perceived health,
life expectancy without chronic conditions and life expectancy without disability. These national
figures can be found on Statline, and are used in several national publications.
Both series of health expectancies have an important added value and each serves a different
purpose. The national set is based on the health survey that includes detailed questions on disability
and chronic diseases ‐ as well as detailed questions on life style and other health‐related factors. The
EU set is part of a broad survey on income and living conditions (EU‐SILC) and includes only the
MEHM questions on health and some questions on unmet needs, but is comparable between EU
countries. In addition, there are important differences in the data collection. The EU‐SILC in the
Netherlands is a follow up survey placed after the fifth wave of the Dutch Labour Force Survey, which
resulted in a lower response rate compared to the national HIS. Another difference is that the HIS
has a continuous observation throughout the year, while EU‐SILC runs from June until September.
The publication of two series of health expectancies raises the question how comparable the two
sources are. In 2013, the survey questions of the MEHM were also part of the national HIS. Figure 1
shows that the MEHM-outcomes of both surveys are not in alle cases comparable. The total
prevalence (right side of the figure) of both longstanding illness/condition and GALI-limitations is
higher within SILC, compared to HIS (p < 0,05).
Figure 1. Prevalence of MEHM-indicators, The Netherlands, 2013
European Health and Life Expectancy Information System – EHLEIS - website: http://www.eurohex.eu
Project leader : Jean-Marie Robine – Coordination of the Country reports : Isabelle Beluche
Contact: Wilma Nusselder, Erasmus University, w.nusselder@erasmusmc.nl
POLAND
Oczekiwana dalsza długość życia i długość życia w zdrowiu osób w wieku 65 lat w Polsce,z uwzględnieniem ograniczonej
aktywności z powodów zdrowotnych (HLY), występowaniem przewlekłej chorobowości oraz samooceną stanu zdrowia
osób mieszkających na wsi oraz w miastach o różnej wielkości wg płci w Polsce, 2011-2013 (dane zdrowotne z SILC 20112013)
Mężczyźni
Kobiety
Najważniejsze fakty:
W Polsce w latach 2011-2013 oczekiwana dalsza długość życia mężczyzn w wieku 65 lat mieszkających w miastach wynosiła 15,8 lat i była
o rok większa niż mieszkających na wsi. Mężczyźni w największych miastach powyżej 500 tys. ludności mogli oczekiwać dłuższego o 1,5
roku życia niż mężczyźni w małych miastach poniżej 20 tys. ludności i o 1,8 roku niż mieszkający na wsi.W przypadku kobiet w tym samym
wieku różnice w oczekiwanej długości życia związane z miejscem zamieszkania były o ponad połowę mniejsze niż wśród mężczyzn.
Oczekiwana dalsza długość życia bez ograniczonej sprawności (HLY) mężczyzn w miastach była o prawie rok (0,9 roku) dłuższa niż
mężczyzn na wsi ale w przypadku mężczyzn w miastach powyżej 500 tys. ludności była o 1,8 roku dłuższa niż mężczyzn mieszkających w
małych miastach oraz na wsi. Kobiety mieszkające w miastach mogły oczekiwać dłuższego o 0,4 roku życia bez ograniczonej sprawności
niż mieszkanki wsi a w przypadku kobiet mieszkających w miastach powyżej 500 tys. ludności różnica ta wynosiła nawet 1,2 roku.
Dosyć niespodziewanie zarówno mężczyźni jak i kobiety w wieku 65 lat mieszkający w miastach mogli oczekiwać trochę krótszego
dalszego życia bez przewlekłego problemu zdrowotnego niż mieszkający na wsi (odpowiednio o 0,4 i 1,1 roku). Ponadto mieszkańcy
dużych miast nie byli w korzystniejszej sytuacji niż mieszkańcy małych miast.
Mężczyźni i kobiety mieszkający w miastach mogli oczekiwać dłuższego dalszego życia w bardzo dobrym lub dobrym zdrowiu niż
mieszkańcy wsi odpowiednio o 1 rok i 0,8 roku, a mieszkańcy największych miast dłuższego o 1,3 roku życia w co najmniej dobrym
zdrowiu niż mieszkańcy najmniejszych miast.
Przedstawione wyniki powinny być interpretowane z ostrożnością ze względu na nie uwzględnienie w badaniu osób mieszkających w
gospodarstwach zbiorowych takich jak domy pomocy społecznej, zakłady opiekuńczo-lecznicze itp.
Prezentowana analiza była wykonana w ramach projektu
predefiniowanegoProgramu Operacyjnego PL13 „Ograniczanie
społecznych nierówności w zdrowiu” finansowanego ze środków
Norweskiego Mechanizmu Finansowego.
Life and health expectancies at age 65 based on activity limitation (Healthy Life Years), chronic morbidity and
perceived health of men and women in rural area and in towns/cities by number of residents, Poland 20112013 (Health data from SILC 2011-2013)
Men
Women
Key points:
In Poland in 2011-2013 life expectancy for men aged 65 years living in urban area was 15.8 years, and was a year longer than for those
living in rural area. Men in the largest cities over 500 thousand inhabitants could expect to live by 1.5 years longer than men living in
small towns below 20 thousand population and about 1.8 years longer than those living in rural area. For women aged 65 differences in
life expectancy related to the place of residence were more than by half smaller than that for men.
Men in urban area can expect to spend nearly a year (0,9) more of their remaining life without activity limitation (HLY) than men in rural
area. However, men living in the cities over 500 thousand population could expect to live about 1.8 years longer without activity
limitation than men living in small towns or in rural area. The corresponding differences in HLY in women were of the same direction but
smaller magnitude.
Quite unexpectedly, both men and women aged 65 years living in urban area can expect a shorter life without chronic health problem
than residents of rural area (by 0.4 and 1.1 years, respectively). In addition, residents of large cities have not been in a more favourable
situation than residents of small towns. This may suggest greater awareness of own health problems among residents of urban than rural
area.
Men and women aged 65 living in urban area can expect longer life in very good or good health than rural residents by a year and 0.8
years, respectively and residents of the largest cities longer life by 1.3 years than those living in the smallest towns.
These results should be interpreted cautiously given the lack of the institutional population, such as people living in nursing homes.
Acknowledgement:
This analysis was carried out within the scope of the predefined project
of the Programme PL13 “Reducing social inequalities in health” financed
by Norwegian Financial Mechanism
UNITED KINGDOM
Two Facts about the trend in disability-free life expectancy in the UK
Chris White (Office of National Statistics)
Babies born in 2009-11 are expected to live more years in ‘Good’ health, than those born a decade ago
A 65 year-old in 2009-11 will live longer free from disability compared to the previous decade, in the UK
European Health and Life Expectancy Information System – EHLEIS - website: http://www.eurohex.eu
Project leader : Jean-Marie Robine – Coordination of the Country reports : Isabelle Beluche
Contact: Chris White, Office of National Statistics, chris.white@ons.gsi.gov.uk
Co-funded by:
10 Member States, and two French institutions:
the Ministry of Health and the National Solidarity Fund for Autonomy (CNSA).
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