February 2013 - National Association Federal Veterinarians
Transcription
February 2013 - National Association Federal Veterinarians
Published in Washington, DC by The National Association of Federal Veterinarians Federal Veterinarian Volume 70, Number 2 Announcements Attention! Are you interested in Continuing Educational Opportunities? We need volunteers to help NAFV ‘s American Academy of Veterinary Preventative Medicine develop webinars and venues for Federal Veterinarians. February 2013 Executive Vice President’s Column 2012 Federal Veterinary Medical Officer Workforce Assessment By Michael Gilsdorf DVM, Director of the Talent Management Advisory Council As we have indicated in previous newsletters, the 2009 Government Accountability Office (GAO) Federal veterinarian, both civilian and uniformed issued a report with nine recommendations to im- employees to seek their input for addressing those prove the ability of the federal veterinary workforce recommendations. As stated in the report, this to carry out mission-critical activities. GAO stated assessment is the first of its kind for the profession that there was a need for an integrated approach and over one third of the occupation provided their for assessing the current and future sufficiency of input. This broader response and increased report- the veterinarian workforce and that the federal gov- ing provides the TMAC with more information to ernment does not have a comprehensive under- assess workforce issues and develop federal veteri- standing of the sufficiency of its veterinarian work- nary workforce recommendations. force for routine program activities. Please contact the NAFV office at 202 223 4878 with your ideas and suggestions. We wish to recognize those members who a graciously donated to the NAFV scholarship fund and PAC. The Federal VMO Workforce Assessment (VMO Specifically, the Federal Veterinary Workforce WFA) provides a snapshot of employees' input and Talent Management Advisory Council (TMAC) was perceptions of issues facing their profession, and to established to address the impending national what extent, conditions characterizing successful shortage of Federal veterinarians and its ability to execution of their mission are present in their agen- complete their mission critical duties, assess cur- cies. Assessment results provide critical infor- rent and future sufficiency of the veterinarian work- mation on existing veterinary positions and the force, and respond Animal Health Emergencies. ability of the federal veterinary workforce to com- As a result, the 2012 Federal VMO Workforce As- Dr. John Melcher Dr. Norman Malcom Dr. Richard Evinger Dr. Charles Elia (Continues on page 2, TMAC) Dr. Dawn Chaney Represents NAFV at the AVMA Leadership Conference On Janu- This winter session of the VLC was the official ary 3, 2013 launch of AVMAs 150th Anniversary Campaign, as I boarded incorporating resources to celebrate AVMAs role Southwest and impact on the veterinary profession. I was se- flight number lected to attend the conference and represent the Inside this issue: USDA-ARS Website and sessment attempted to reach every permanent 3 155, I knew I National Association of Federal Veterinarians was in for a (NAFV) as an emerging leader. I had the chance to treat. How- meet veterinarians from all backgrounds and fields ever, I had of the veterinary profession including members of Honey Bee Veterinary Medicine 4 Loan Repayment Program 5 AVMA: 150 Years 6 nary Medical Association’s Veterinary Leadership group for all veterinarians. The NAFV and AVMA Secy Vilsack: Rural Mindset 6 Conference (VLC), where I would meet new col- PACs existence are vital and their impact on our FSIS Directive 7 leagues, make new friends, and experience great profession is essential. Weak Veterinary Services Pose Threat 10 no idea that I the AVMA executive board, house advisory commitwas about to tee, delegates, alternate delegates, and other gov- encounter ernmental agencies. Additionally, we were able to the experience of a lifetime. I was heading to Chica- interact with the AVMAs Political Action Committee go, IL for the Winter Session of the American Veteri- (PAC) and understand that the PAC is an essential opportunities. (Continues on page 2, Leadership Conference) Page 2 February 2013 Federal Veterinarian (ISSN 0164-6257) 1910 Sunderland Pl., N.W. Washington, D.C. 20036-1608 is published monthly except bimonthly in Nov-Dec and (Continued from page 1, Leadership Conference) make the laws that mold our profession. Outside speakers came in to speak for the For the emerging leader the conference con- opening and closing sessions. These speakers May-June by, and in the interest of, the National Asso- sisted of three full days of interactive veterinary were not just ordinary people, they were dy- ciation of Federal Veterinarians to whom it is mailed leadership opportunities and experiences of namic speakers who were faced with great free. Periodicals postage paid at Washington, D.C. organized veterinary medicine. It also offered Correspondence should be addressed to: challenges in their lives and proved to achieve Executive Vice President National Association of Federal Veterinarians 1910 Sunderland Pl., N.W. Washington, D.C. 20036-1608 up to 17 continuing education credits. These extraordinary results. They proved through opportunities allowed the emerging leaders to their own life experiences that negative situa- explore the definition of leadership, make the tions do not mean negative results. However, connections between leadership and emotional they took those negative experiences and The annual subscription rate is $50.00 for United intelligence, and learn why self–awareness is States and Canada and $70.00 for foreign mailing, payable by January 1 each year. Subscriptions are not available to those eligible for membership. Any veterinarian employed full time by the federal government may become an active member (non DoD dues $234.00 annually, payable annually, semiannual- turned them into positive outcomes. critical to success as a leader. Friday’s session Listening to the experiences of others during included a governance dialog with the AVMA the conference inspired me to go out and share Task Force on Governance that encouraged this opportunity with other veterinarians that member participation allowing us to engage in had not attended the conference. While there a conversation about the AVMA’s governance were only a few federal veterinarians attending ly, or by federal payroll deductions--eligibility limited remodeling initiatives. These initiatives includsolely to USDA veterinarians--of $9.00 authorized by ed three main points: the conference, discussing my day to day ac- signing USDA Form AD 1054 (FSIS) or SF 1187 Providing participants with context-building very thankful for what we do and some were (APHIS) and DoD dues $150.00 annually). Dues for information on trends in association governactive duty DoD veterinarians is waived.at this time. excited to learn how they could join the govern- ance Associate membership is granted to active members Presenting a high-level overview of the initial when they retire from federal service. Associate members pay no dues and receive the newsletter via email at no charge. However, Associate members who wish to continue receiving mailed newsletters are charged $25.00 per year to cover the postage. The National Association of Federal Veterinarians is a non-profit corporation and the purposes for which it is tivities with practicing veterinarians, they were ment as a federal veterinarian. I encourage all of my fellow federal veterinary findings by the task force and possible solu- colleagues to attend the VLC and experience tions some of the same great leadership experienc- Engaging participants in discussion about ad- es that I experienced. The conference is now vantages and disadvantages of the possible open to all who would like to attend. Organized solutions veterinary medicine has impacted our profes- This dialogue opened the eyes of many sion in ways we could not imagine, while keep- formed are to promote the veterinary profession, to emerging leaders and first time attendees of ing alignment with the AVMAs strategic goals. improve the professional efficiency and material inter- the conference, including myself. We were able Dawn Chaney, DVM, Vice-President, Alameda ests of the members, to acquaint the public with the to better understand how the AVMA is govactivities of veterinarians in the federal service, and to District NAFV, Tuskegee University, c/o 2007 cooperate with the American Veterinary Medical Association, the United States Animal Health Association and other similar groups with common interests. Editor: Michael J. Gilsdorf, DVM mgilsdorf@nafv.org Postmaster: Send address changes to: Federal Veterinarian 1910 Sunderland Pl., N.W. Washington, DC 20036-1608 Tel: (202) 223-4878 | Fax: (202) 223-4877 Email: nafv@nafv.org | Website: www.nafv.net NAFV Board of Directors erned, how decisions were being made, and the amount of time and effort that it took to (Continued from page 1, TMAC) develop their workforce plans. Veterinary ca- plete ongoing mission critical responsibilities pacity, competency and experience were is- and respond to and continue operations during sues of concern identified in the assessment. a national emergency or catastrophic event. It Lack of adequate training was also identified also identifies recruitment and retention incen- as a concern. Additional cross-agency oppor- tives needed to maintain and improve the qual- tunities may exist to leverage the expertise of ity of the federal veterinary workforce. other federal veterinarians in other agencies President: Dr. Douglas Fulnechek The Assessment data has allowed the President-Elect: Dr. Ken Angel TMAC to better define the federal veterinary One objective of the TMAC was to improve workforce, including where veterinarians are estimates of the veterinary workforce needed working, what duties they are performing, and in responding to a large-scale foot-and-mouth Secretary/Treasurer: Dr. John Sanders Exec Vice President: Dr. Michael Gilsdorf General Counsel William G. Hughes, Esq. 7511 Leadenham Cove Road P.O. Box 340 Bozman, Maryland 21612 Tel: (410) 745-0045 during national emergency responses. the number of veterinarians needed to respond disease outbreak. Based on the modeling to a major FMD outbreak. Based on the data conducted and utilizing resource performance gathered, the TMAC has several recommenda- metrics for demand and availability of veteritions for federal agencies to consider as they (Continues on page 3, TMAC) Federal Veterinarian Page 3 (Continued from page 2, TMAC) mation support, and recommendations to spond to major animal disease outbreaks. narians, a shortage of veterinarians was identi- all agencies with veterinarian workforce The current best initial estimate is that fied in a response to a national multi-state FMD issues, regardless of the distribution of the only 250 federally employed veterinarians outbreak. Several recommendations are made workforce. were identified as currently being deploya- in the report including: ble. Federal agencies incorporate their agen- Emergency response functions and activi- cies results from the Federal Veterinary ties become a top supervisory priority Workforce Assessment into their Agency within federal agencies with veterinarians. That an interagency veterinary continuing education (training) system be established Veterinary Workforce Action Plan to capture existing experiences relating to (AVWAP) and Federal agencies address That federal agencies recognize the im- function, mission authorities, and require- veterinarian shortages within their individ- portance of Emergency Preparedness for ments for preparedness, response and ual human capital and workforce plans. animal disease outbreaks and initiate a recovery in order to maintain a well- more robust process of agency/ qualified, well trained veterinary work- stakeholder collaboration to support ani- force. Federal agencies share their human capital and workforce plans with the TMAC. mal health and public health emergencies. After all agencies have completed and shared their AVWAP with the TMAC, the The TMAC continue to explore retention That Emergency Preparedness Veterinary and recruitment mechanisms to prepare TMAC can prepare a Government-Wide Workforce Action Plans (EPVWAP) be for future shortages in eligible veterinari- Veterinarian Workforce Action Plan as quickly developed and established to ans as economic conditions improve and recommended by the GAO. address the reported need for more veteri- delayed retirements occur. narians than are currently employed by The TMAC provide collaboration, infor- the federal government to effectively re- USDA - ARS Open.gov Web Site and Webinars The USDA Agricultural Research Service’ form during the next five year cycle (2014- ing of products National Program on Veterinary, Medical, and 2019). Urban Entomology has the mission to develop To post ideas and comments, you must register Research on protecting the public from more effective means to eliminate or suppress first (top right hand corner): insects and ticks insects and ticks that harm agricultural animals and humans. We request input from stakeholders on what we can do better to perform re- February 20, 2013, 3 pm – 5 pm (EST): There is a tan colored box on the top right February 21, 2013, 3 pm – 5 pm (EST): -hand corner that says “Register” Research on protecting the military from After registering, Login entering the email insects and ticks search on the control of insects and ticks that username and password you registered affect livestock, poultry, and people. with (top left) Research on protecting livestock and In the past, as a way of gaining input, every February 22, 2013, 3 pm – 5 pm (EST): Click on the IdeaSpace topic (Left-hand poultry from insects and pests five years the Agricultural Research Service’s side of page) you wish to comment on and February 25, 2013, 3 pm – 5 pm (EST): Veterinary, Medical, and Urban Entomology then click on New Idea located on the Research on protecting agriculture and Program held a stakeholder workshop to dis- upper right side of the page. the public from damage caused by inva- cuss program objectives. As a result of cost savings initiatives, we are pleased to announce a change from a physical meeting to a virtual have completed posting your comment. location, which allow us to reach a larger audience while also saving tax dollars. There are two ways you can provide your Be sure to click on Save Idea when you sive species of ants Since stakeholder input is a critical part of the You will then need to click on the next Agricultural Research Service’ research plan- IdeaSpace topic to enter new comments. ning cycle, and with this approach we can wid- You may also choose to attend one or more en the range of input, please feel free to pass of our webinars. The webinars will discuss the this invitation on to colleagues who may be input, either via our recently launched same question in Opengov, consisting of a interested. Open.Gov website, (http://tiny.cc/7nswqw), or short introduction and an open discussion re- For further information about our Veterinary, by webinar participation. volving around five different topics. The dates Medical, and Urban Entomology National Pro- The Open.Gov website requires registration to and topics of discussion are as follows: gram, please visit us at http:// post ideas or comments. We would appreciate your thoughts on the research we should per- February 19, 2013, 3 pm – 5 pm (EST): www.ars.usda.gov/research/programs/ Research toward registration and licens- programs.htm?NP_CODE=104. February 2013 Page 4 Should US Federal Veterinarians become involved in Honey Bee Veterinary Medicine as a part of ‘One Health’? A sector in need of veterinary French veterinarian specialized in bee diseas- ate courses and only France offers a postgrad- professionals (FVE Newsletter) es. Unfortunately, few veterinarians were inter- uate veterinary degree course in honeybee ested to become involved in the health of hon- health. [Here is an article calling for veterinarians in the eybees when they became a reared species, EU to become involved in honeybee medicine] Since the mid-2000, an average of 30% of ‘Veterinarians should become closer involved and beekeepers were left to take on board this and take up their professional responsibilities of task themselves. animal health and public health in this sector. honeybee colonies die each year in the Euro- Earlier this year, a Federation of Veterinari- This also includes the use of veterinary medi- pean Union (EU). Suspected causes include ans of Europe (FVE) honeybee working group cines, which should only be prescribed by vet- mites, virus, bacteria, fungi, pesticides, poor was set up, which now calls on the FVE board erinarians,’ he added. The WG recommenda- beekeeping practices, poor agricultural practic- to promote the training in honeybee health and tions were adopted by the FVE General As- es, poisoning and misuse of drugs or use of production of veterinary students and practi- sembly in November. There are currently ap- banned medicinal products. tioners. ‘Veterinary students throughout the EU proximately 14 million honeybee hives in the should have a basic knowledge of the honey- EU, with Spain in the lead with 2.7 million regis- ‘Veterinarians have an important role to play in this field,’ stressed Nicolas Vidal-Naquet, a bee sector.’ Very few countries offer postgradu- tered hives. Honeybee Facts There are approximately 2.4 million honeybee of commercial beekeeping and pollination oper- Estimates of the impact of CCD place losses colonies in the US. Honey bees are not native ations in the United States. Despite a number at about $15 Billion in food production losses to the New World; they came from Europe with of claims in the general and scientific media, a per year. That’s just the money part of the the first settlers. There are native pollinators in cause or causes of CCD have not been identi- equation. CCD could result in catastrophic the United States, but honey bees are more fied by researchers. Initial studies of dying losses of many basic, favorite foods. This prolific and easier to manage on a commercial colonies in America revealed a large number of would create enormous changes in how we eat level for pollination of a wide variety of crops. disease organisms present, with no one dis- and live. Almonds, for example, are completely depend- ease being identified as the culprit. In 2010, More Honeybee facts: ent on honey bees for pollination. In California, scientists identified both a fungus and a virus in the almond industry requires the use of 1.4 bees that have died from the disorder. The substances necessary to sustain life, including million colonies of honey bees, approximately fungus is iridescent moth virus 6, and the virus enzymes, vitamins, minerals, and water; and 60 percent of all managed honey bee colonies is Nosema Ceranae. In January 2012, an it's the only food that contains "pinocembrin", in the United States. article in a science journal pointed to the para- an antioxidant associated with improved brain sitic fly as the new threat to honeybees. The functioning. From 1971 to 2006 approximately one half of Honey is the only food that includes all the the US honey bee colonies have vanished. In phorid fly, or apocephalus borealis, has been 2010, a survey conducted between the Apiary found in US honeybees. The combination of a made up of thousands of tiny lenses (one on Honey bees have 6 legs, 2 compound eyes Inspectors of America and the USDA found that parasite, pathogens and other stressors could each side of the head), 3 simple eyes on the approximately one-third of all bees in North be the cause of die-offs. A study found that the top of the head, 2 pairs of wings, a nectar America died in 2009. The depopulation of parasitic fly serves as a reservoir that harbors bees could have a huge impact on the environ- pathogens — honeybees from parasite-infected ment, which is reliant on the insects for pollina- hives tested positive for deformed wing virus compared with only 62 in fruit flies and 79 in tion. If taken to the extreme, crops, fodder and other pathogens. mosquitoes. Their exceptional olfactory abilities (soybeans and alfalfa)- and therefore livestock - The Agricultural Research Service (ARS) is pouch, and a stomach. Honey bees have 170 odorant receptors, include kin recognition signals, social communi- could die off if there are no pollinating insects leading several efforts into possible CCD caus- cation within the hive, and odor recognition for left. es and striving to enhance overall honey bee finding food. Their sense of smell was so pre- health by improving bee management practic- cise that it could differentiate hundreds of differ- es, as well as studying honey bee diseases ent floral varieties and tell whether a flower In the past the greatest threat to bees were the Varroa and Tracheal mites. Although per- sistent care can keep these mites under control and parasites and how best to control them. In carried pollen or nectar from meters away. they have caused severe devastation in the addition, a number of other Federal agencies (Editors’ Note: The sources for the information provid- honeybee populations. Colony Collapse Disor- and State departments of agriculture, universi- ed is from the backyardbeekeepers.com; der (CCD) is a serious problem threatening the ties, and private companies are conducting health of honey bees and the economic stability studies to seek the cause or causes of CCD. google:welcometothehoneybeewebsite, American Bee Federation, Agricultural Research Service) Federal Veterinarian Page 5 Nicolas Vidal Naquet (FVE’s Honeybee Veterinarian) FVE Newsletter Nicolas Vidal-Naquet is a veterinary practi- with passion. At that time, honeybee veterinary can wreak havoc on apiaries (for example the medicine was still in its infancy, and only one small hive beetles Aethina tumida or the mite tioner from France who started to be involved in degree existed, a French diploma for beekeep- Tropilaelaps). Official veterinarians have a key the bees sector in 2007. He is the current chair- ers. role to play in coordination with agricultural, man of the FVE working group on honeybee 2. What are the key responsibilities for a veteri- health and consumers’ authorities. Finally, health. narian in the bee’s health sector? veterinarians are also involved in laboratory 1. How did you become a vet and join the bees sector? To be honest, this was not my boy’s dream Veterinarians can be involved at many levels. Like on any animal production site, a vet’s role diagnosis and in the pharmaceutical industry. 3. What is your involvement at EU level for the in the apiaries is double: preventative and cura- support of the bee’s health? when I was young! However, at school I loved tive. This includes advice in preventative man- biology and the natural sciences and combined agement, in particular concerning varroasis, narians in the honeybee health sector is quite with my interest in livestock, veterinary medi- nosemosis and American foulbrood, and also limited at present. Early 2012, the FVE asked cine seemed a logical choice. I studied at the carrying out clinical examinations, diagnosis me to chair the Honeybee-health working Alfort Veterinary School, and during my studies and prescription of appropriate treatments if group. This working group allows European I thought I would only be a “real” vet once I had possible. The drug arsenal in the honeybee vets involved in this sector to share their done a caesarean section in a cow – which I health sector is limited to miticides, except in knowledge and professional experience and to did while at Alfort. I then dedicated myself to some European countries, where treatments help the FVE Board promote the veterinary companion animal medicine, with determina- against nosemosis or American foulbrood are involvement in this sector at EU level. So far, tion, but also with a hint of regret... of no longer allowed. Key responsibilities also cover public we have proposed a document on the role of being part of the agricultural world. I set up my health, especially with regards to residues in the veterinarian in the honeybee health sector own practice in 1991 in the outskirts of Paris. the products of the hive, honey and the honey- and another on veterinary education in this bee trade. field. Currently, our working group is looking at ing course on honeybee diseases. Because of Worldwide trade is necessary in these days the availability and at the most appropriate use my awareness of the link between disease and where the honeybee sector is suffering great of medicines in the honey bees sector. the environment, I threw myself into this field losses, but is also a threat. Emerging diseases In 2007, I read an announcement for a train- We should remember that the place of veteri- Solicitation of Veterinary Shortage Situation Nominations for the Veterinary Medicine Loan Repayment Program (VMLRP) Editor’s Note: If you are aware of a shortage area for federal veterinarians, please inform your AVIC and State Veterinarian) The National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) is soliciting nominations of veterinary service shortage situations for the Veterinary Medicine Loan Repayment Program (VMLRP) for fiscal year (FY) 2013, as authorized under the National Veterinary Medical Services Act (NVMSA), 7 U.S.C. 3151a. This notice initiates a 60-day nomination period and prescribes the procedures and criteria to be used by State, Insular Area, DC and Federal Lands to nominate veterinary shortage situations. Each year all eligible nominating entities may submit nominations, up to the maximum indicated for each entity in this notice. NIFA is conducting this solicitation of veterinary shortage situation nominations under a previously approved information collection (OMB Control Number 0524-0046). DATES: Shortage situation nominations, both new and carry over, must be submitted on or before March 1, 2013. ADDRESSES: Submissions must be made by email at vmlrp@nifa.usda.gov to the Veterinary Medicine Loan Repayment Program; National Institute of Food and Agriculture; U.S. Department of Agriculture. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Gary Sherman; National Program Leader, Veterinary Science; National Institute of Food and Agriculture; U.S. Department of Agriculture; STOP 2220; 1400 Independence Avenue, SW.; Washington, DC 20250-2220; Voice: 202-401-4952; Fax: 202-401-6156; Email: vmlrp@nifa.usda.gov. Page 6 February 2013 AVMA celebrates 150 years Association anniversary marked by outreach to educate, thank members (SCHAUMBURG, Ill.) January 10, 2013 – Dur- New Jersey, Maine, Ohio and Delaware. 19-23, 2013, and it will include visits to state ing the American Veterinary Medical Associa- The AVMA is undertaking a number of efforts and county fairs, science museums, veterinary tion’s (AVMA) 150 anniversary celebration, to commemorate the 150 Anniversary of the medical schools, schools, zoos and other ani- the Association will thank those who made the Association and the long and impressive histo- mal-related locations. auspicious anniversary possible—it’s mem- ry of the profession. *The AVMA will host special events at its annu- bers. *“The AVMA: 150 year of Education, Science al convention held in Chicago July 19-23, 2013, “I’m extremely proud that the AVMA is turning and Service” was recently published as a cele- including a one-day symposium, 150 this year, but even more than that I’m ex- bration of the profession. It includes a history “Understanding Our Past to Transform Our tremely proud of the accomplishments of our of the AVMA, including the association’s in- Future.” Eight veterinary students will speak at members over the past 150 years,” says Dr. volvement in improving veterinary education, this event, and each will receive a $2,500 Douglas G. Aspros, president of the AVMA. its advocacy efforts, the convention, the crea- scholarship award from the American Veteri- “Among many contributions, our members tion and production of the AVMA’s journals, nary Medical Foundation. have been at the forefront of medical research. and progress made by the profession since *The Journal of the American Veterinary Medi- They’ve preserved the safety of our food sup- 1863. cal Association (JAVMA) will feature articles ply and health of our livestock. They’ve gone to The book will be available for purchase at commemorating the 150th anniversary, includ- war with our troops to help maintain the health www.avma.org, with proceeds directed to ing a series, “Legends in U.S. veterinary medi- of animals in combat situations, and they work AVMA future-generation programming, which cine,” which will profile 12 individuals who have tirelessly to keep our pets at home healthy. In includes support of initiatives such as the Early made substantial contributions to the American short, they’ve saved many lives and made the Career Development Committee and the Com- veterinary profession. lives of innumerable animals and people far pass Mentoring Program. better. Our 150th Anniversary is an opportunity *The AVMA has also secured a partnership For more information about the AVMA and the to remember these accomplishments and to with the Smithsonian Institution to create a 150th anniversary of the association, visit thank our members for everything that they 1,000-square-foot exhibition on wheels that will www.avma.org. do.” tour the country from coast to coast, introduc- The AVMA was founded as the United States ing visitors to innovative fields of veterinary The AVMA, founded in 1863, is one of the Veterinary Medical Association at a meeting at research and application, and giving them new oldest and largest veterinary medical organiza- the Astor House in New York City on June 9 ways to look at the enduring relationship be- tions in the world, with more than 82,500 mem- and 10, 1863, during the U.S. Civil War. Rep- tween animals and people. This traveling ex- ber veterinarians worldwide engaged in a wide resentatives of seven states attended, includ- hibit will begin its two-year, 75-city tour during variety of professional activities ing New York, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, the AVMA’s annual convention in Chicago July th th Vilsack says rural America needs a new mind-set University of Tennessee Extension US Secretary of Agriculture garnered a lot of Instead the point of his comment was that it is adapt and mitigate and develop strategies that rural residents who have written off the future in the long term will allow us to continue to media attention on December 6 when he asked of rural areas by adopting a preservation mind- have the greatest agriculture in the world.” As the attendees at the 2012 Farm Journal Forum, set instead of a growth mindset. As he says, part of that, Vilsack talked about increased “Why is it that we don’t have a Farm Bill?” double-cropping. we need “a new mindset in Rural America.” We He went on to say, “It isn’t just the differences need to ask ourselves “Where are the new of policy. It’s the fact that the Rural America with a shrinking population is becoming less opportunities?” And in his speech, Vilsack identifies a set of In turning to what he dubbed a new rural development approach, Vilsack spoke of “expanding broadband access to ensure that and less relevant to the politics of this country, priorities and opportunities that are a part of the those who set up a business, who establish an and we had better recognize that, and we bet- growth mindset he is talking about. ter begin to reverse it.” From the tone of his He told his audience that in response to cli- opportunity in rural areas, have the capacity and the power to be able to reach not just a statement one might expect that he was going mate change, the United States Department of local market, not just a regional market, but a to go into a discussion of how city folks have Agriculture (USDA) needs to “focus on addi- global market.” written off the future of rural areas. tional research and ways in which we can (Continues on page 7, Vilsack) Federal Veterinarian (Continued from page 6, Vilsack) Another part of this new rural development approach is convincing “smaller communities… Page 7 billions of dollars,” he said. “we need to capture refineries that are not large, as we see in the oil those resources, and we need to turn them industry, but are small because of [the] bulk of around in the economy more frequently.” [this] biomass is basically dotting the land- In discussing a biobased economy, Vilsack scape, creating economic opportunity, creating that they have to look at themselves as a part took a line from the old saw that in slaughtering of an overall region… addressing economic a hog, butchers used everything but the squeal development opportunities from a regional when he said, “we need to absolutely seize the perspective as opposed to a community-by- opportunity that the biobased economy creates, America, and we need to sell it to our young community perspective.” the ability to literally take everything we grow, people if we’re going to reverse the population every aspect of every crop, every waste prod- and poverty challenges that Rural America local and regional food systems…. a multi- uct that’s produced and turn it into an asset, faces. And frankly, I think we need to recognize billion-dollar opportunity which is continuing to into a commodity, into an ingredient.” that unless we respond and react, the capacity In addition, “We need to continue to promote grow and provides opportunities for very small He then provided examples of this as he told producers [and] which will help repopulate of turning plant materials into lighter weight car some of these rural communities,” Vilsack said. bodies, hog manure into asphalt, and mole- Vilsack also tied rural development to the new markets, as well as job opportunities.” Vilsack challenged his audience saying, “we need to cement that new economy in Rural of Rural America and its power and its reach will continue to decline.” cules from corncobs into plastic bottles. “This is Source: Daryll E. Ray and Harwood D. Schaf- “need to invest significantly in conservation and an amazing new future where virtually every- fer, Agricultural Policy Analysis Center, Univer- link it more closely to outdoor recreation and thing we need in an economy can be biology- sity of Tennessee bring those tourism opportunities back into the based, plant-based, crop-based, and livestock- rural areas. If people are spending hundreds of based; enormous new opportunities to build FSIS ISSUES PHIS CONTINGENCY PLAN DIRECTIVE FSIS has issued PHIS Directive 9500.1, “Contingency Plan for Import Reinspections when the Public Health Information System (PHIS) is Unavailable.” It addresses how import inspection personnel are to obtain reinspection assignments for imported meat, poultry, and egg products or shell eggs in the event that the Public Health Information System (PHIS) is not accessible. This directive can be viewed in its entirety at http://www.fsis.usda.gov/OPPDE/rdad/FSISDirectives/PHIS_9500.1.pdf. Innovative Ideas to Boost Morale Posted by Jody Urquhart I was a motivational speaker for a franchise conference where the group was asked to brainstorm innovative workplace morale boost- room, movement stimulates employee creativi- (at lunch and during breaks) and relieve them ty. Ideas are captured on tape. of the hassle of organized child care. Make New Recruits a Big Deal. Free food. To make new employees feel important, one One of the delegates gave a short motivation- ers. The best ideas went into a draw where the franchise has a routine where they write up a al speech about the practice of offering free winner was awarded a new IPad. Given this new recruit bio after interviewing them about food (food is always popular). Google does extravagant bounty, many delegates put their things that matter- like their families, back- this. They have a cafeteria that is stocked with heads together to come up with some very ground and why they chose this job. great food, all free for employees (No wonder unique morale boosters. Here are some of the They send this bio out to all employees. It is they are a top employer)! ones I like the most: well written, colorful and includes a photo. Em- Doling out free food may bankrupt some organ- The Indoor Walking Path. ployees look forward to new recruit updates. izations but the promise of periodic spontane- On-site daycare. ous treats would boost morale. One healthcare recruitment franchise built a walking path around the perimeter of the office. Today most families are dual income. This To be used anytime people need to get off their means employees are continually balancing butt and work out ideas. Groups can walk too. work and family pressures; especially daycare. Moving meetings are a regular occurrence Organizations that feature on- site daycare outside of the confines of the 4 walled meeting allow employees to see more of their children Empowering Innovation. One franchise has the practice of encouraging new ideas. If employees have a good idea, (Continues on page 8, Innovative Ideas) Page 8 February 2013 (Continued from page 7, Innovative Ideas) solving it and I am left bouncing around trying sistent regular meetings are important. they are empowered to move it forward. Any- to find anyone who will offer insight. As the closing motivational speaker for the one feeling stagnant in their job can come up One cutting edge franchise has a practice of franchise conference; I tied some of these ide- with an innovative idea and if it's a good one, empowering all employees to be accountable as into the central concept that time is money. they will be given the time and resources to see for whatever comes there way. They search out Offering job perks that save employees timeit through. This same franchise empowers task solutions and follow through. can save you money. Boost Morale and offset forces to pull together and solve problems. The Morning Huddle. lowered budgets by offering job perks that Culture of responsibility. Start every shift with a short motivational One of my pet peeves as a customer is when I have an issue, nobody takes responsibility for make life easier for employees and everyone speech, updates, progress reports and more. wins. Communication is key to boost morale, so con- (Do you have innovative ideas to share?) ISU researchers awarded grant to study costly disease in pigs AMES, Iowa – A sow infected with PRRS is less likely to A team of researchers at Iowa State Universi- carry offspring to term and will have more still- unintended consequence of making the animal more vulnerable to another disease, Dekkers ty has received a $3 million grant to study ge- born piglets. Young pigs affected by the dis- said. The team will address these and related netic resistance to the costliest disease threat- ease suffer respiratory distress that slows their questions with the grant. ening the pork industry and transfer this tech- growth and makes them more susceptible to The team submitted its application to the nology to the industry. other diseases. Dekkers said PRRS costs the USDA in March. In addition to Dekkers, the pork industry more money than any other dis- team includes ISU animal science professors ISU professor of animal science, will seek to The researchers, led by Jack Dekkers, an ease. PRRS has proven damaging to pork Christopher Tuggle, Kenneth Stalder and identify genes in pigs that make them less sus- producers in part because there are many vari- James Reecy, who is also the director of the ceptible to porcine reproductive and respiratory ant strains of the virus. Because of this varia- ISU Office of Biotechnology. Iowa State faculty syndrome, known as PRRS, a viral disease that tion, vaccines have done little to control the will lead the project and conduct most of the costs U.S. pork producers about $664 million a data analyses, while the other institutions will year. disease, Dekkers said. “It’s doubtful that we’ll find a silver bullet to The translational genomics grant comes from conduct the experimental portion and be in- cure PRRS any time soon,” he said. “But in volved in the extension and education functions the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s National previous work we have demonstrated that we of the proposed work. Institute of Food and Agriculture. The ISU re- can find genes that cause a pig to be less sus- “This grant is going to help us continue our searchers will spearhead a five-year collabora- ceptible to PRRS, which will allow producers to work in finding a way for the pork industry to tive effort that also includes researchers at breed pigs to have that particular genetic get a handle on a costly and difficult-to-control Kansas State University, the University of Min- makeup.” disease, and we’re excited to move forward nesota, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the But identifying those genes can be a tricky with our collaborators,” Dekkers said. Roslin Institute in Scotland, and industry collab- process, and researchers have to be certain Source: orators. This project builds on previous and http://www.swineweb.com/isu-researchers- that breeding for a specific gene that makes ongoing work by the same team of researchers. pigs less susceptible to PRRS doesn’t have the awarded-grant-to-study-costly-disease-in-pigs/ Seneca Valley Virus and Vesicular Lesions in a Pig with Idiopathic Vesicular Disease Singh K1*, Corner S1, Clark SG2, Scherba G1 Swine Idiopathic Vesicular Disease (SIVD) anorexia, lethargy and lameness. Intact and and Fredrickson R syndrome is characterized by the formation of ruptured vesicles, erosions and ulcers were 1 Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of ulcers, erosions and vesicles on the skin, coro- 1 Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61802, USA clinically observed within the oral cavity, around nary bands and in the oral cavity of pigs. The the nares, coronary bands, and all four limbs. 2 clinical importance of SIVD is its resemblance Various diagnostic tests were negative for nary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA with vesicular foreign animal diseases. Alt- swine vesicular disease virus, foot-and- mouth Corresponding author: hough the etiology of SIVD remains unknown, disease virus, vesicular exanthema of swine Kuldeep Singh Seneca Valley virus, which belongs to the fami- virus and vesicular stomatitis virus infection. Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory ly Picornaviridae, was previously identified in University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL such pigs. Here, we report gross and histopath- geal fluid were positive for the presence of 61802, USA ologic findings in a 6-month-old intact male Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veteri- Chester White boar presented with a history of However, vesicular scrapings and oral pharynSeneca Valley virus by RT-PCR. (Continues on page 9, I.V . Disease) Federal Veterinarian (Continued from page 8, I.V. Disease) Page 9 boar purchased at the Indiana State Fair was snout around the nares. Other gross lesions presented to the referring veterinarian in Au- included serofibrinous peritonitis and pericardi- stranded RNA virus in the family Picornaviri- gust, 2010 with a history of anorexia, lethargy tis, locally extensive hemorrhagic jejunitis and a dae. It is closely related to the genus Cardio- and lameness. Intact and ruptured vesicles and focal gastric ulcer. virus, and has been recently proposed to be erosions were observed in the oral cavity, classified in the genus Senecavirus, along with around the nares and the coronary bands, and Salmonella sp. by PCR. Aerobic and anaerobic other closely related porcine picornaviruses [1]. ulcers were observed on the fore limbs and bacterial culture of these samples did not yield Seneca Valley virus is a newly discovered virus hind limbs. Because of its clinical resemblance any significant growth nor did aerobic bacterial that was originally isolated as a contaminant in with the vesicular foreign animal diseases, culture of the spleen. Aerobic culture of an cell culture medium; its complete genome se- diagnostic samples (serum, scrapings of vesic- ulcerative lesion on the hind limb only produced quence and structure has been recently pub- ular lesions and oral pharyngeal fluid) were moderate growth of Staphylococcus hyicus. Seneca Valley Virus (SVV) is a single- Samples of small intestine were negative for lished [1,2]. Furthermore, SVV has been report- collected and analyzed at the Foreign Animal Fluorescent antibody and virus isolation at- ed to be associated with cases of idiopathic tempts for porcine parvovirus on the liver, kid- Disease Diagnostic Laboratory at Plum Island vesicular disease in pigs originating from sever- Animal Disease Center. Scrapings from vesial different locations in Manitoba [3]. ney and spleen were negative. Other causes of cles and oral pharyngeal fluid were negative for vesicular disease also were ruled out using Several cases of non-debilitating erosions Swine Vesicular Disease Virus (SVDV), Foot- ultra structural analysis, virus isolation, bacteri- and vesicles on the snout, oral cavity, skin and And Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV), Vesicular al culture, and histopathology. Ultra structural coronary bands have been infrequently de- Exanthema of Swine Virus (VESV) and Vesicu- analysis (transmission and negative staining) of scribed in pigs over many years without an lar Stomatitis Virus (VSV) by real time RT-PCR. the lesions for the presence of any virus parti- identifiable cause and thus, were grouped un- Serum from the pig also was tested for VESV cles, such as those for picornavirus, calicivirus, der Swine Idiopathic Vesicular Disease (SIVD) by indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA), SVDV or enterovirus was also negative. syndrome [4]. Outbreaks of SIVD are primarily and VSV by antibody ELISA (ABELISA) and observed between the spring and fall months FMDV by AB-ELISA and Virus Infection Associ- the cutaneous lesions on the distal limbs exhib- [3]. SIVD grossly and histologically resembles ated Antigen (VIAA) agar gel immunodiffusion. ited both orthokeratotic and parakeratotic hy- vesicular foreign animal diseases, which are All of the samples tested were negative for perkeratosis and epidermal hyperplasia. There clinically and economically important. Cases of these viruses. Virus isolation on the vesicular also was regional ulceration and infiltration by SIVD have been reported in New Zealand, lesion scrapings and oral pharyngeal fluid was numerous degenerate and intact neutrophils Australia, Canada, Florida, Iowa and most performed but failed to isolate any virus; how- admixed with fibrin, edema, acute hemorrhag- recently Indiana [3,5-8]. In the most recent ever, these samples were positive for the pres- es, and karyorrhectic nuclear debris. Occasion- cases, vesicular foreign animal diseases were ence of SVV by RT-PCR. Other pigs previously ally, microcolonies of cocci bacteria were ob- ruled out, and testing for other infectious dis- in contact with this animal did not show any served. Small numbers of neutrophils, lympho- eases and microscopic evaluation of the le- clinical signs. Sera from five other contact pigs cytes and plasma cells extended into the peri- sions did not reveal a causative agent [3,5]. were tested for FMDV and SVDV as described vascular regions of the dermis. In some re- Similar vesicular lesions in pigs have been above and were negative for evidence of these gions, edema and early granulation tissue also associated with the feeding of murine products viruses. expanded the dermis. Ulcerations with similar in Australia and feeding of Sclerotinia sclaroti- Due to the progression of clinical signs, the Microscopically, the epidermis surrounding morphologic characteristics were present within orum infected celery, parsnips and carrots from boar was euthanized and presented for necrop- the oral cavity and on the snout. Histopathology New Zealand [7,8]. Other potential causes for sy in September, 2010. Gross lesions included was not conducted on early vesicular lesions. It vesicular lesions in pigs include porcine parvo- the formation of multifocal round, discrete (0.5- was assumed that the suppurative and ulcera- virus, porcine enterovirus group III, calicivirus 4 cm in diameter) ulcerative and erosive lesions tive dermatitis described above represented (San Miguel sea lion virus), mycotoxins and with overlying crusts on all four distal limbs. areas where vesicles were reported ante- contact dermatitis [9-13]. The purpose of this The lateral surfaces of the coronary bands of mortem, and were secondarily invaded by bac- report is to provide more descriptive pathology the lateral claws on both forelimbs had deep teria. Other microscopic findings included focal obtained from an isolated and sporadic case of and chronic ulcers with crusting and sloughing acute ulcerative gastritis, mild lympho- idiopathic vesicular disease in a pig. In this pig, of the hoof wall distal to these lesions. Within plasmacytic hepatitis as well as generalized SVV was identified from the vesicular lesions the oral cavity, there was a fluid-filled vesicle on and global membranoproliferative glomerulone- by using Reverse Transcription-Polymerase the hard palate and multifocal chronic superfi- phritis. Ultra structural analysis of the oral and Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). cial and deep ulcers on the maxillary and man- skin lesions was performed using negative A 6-month-old intact male Chester White dibular buccal and gingival mucosa, and on the (Continues on page 10, I.V. Disease) Page 10 February 2013 (Continued from page 9, I.V. Disease) merulonephritis, which has not been previously not been reported to cause clinical disease in staining and transmission methods and both reported in pigs suffering from SIVD. The caus- pigs or other mammals [1]. Therefore, this as- failed to demonstrate the presence of a virus. es of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis sociation is purely speculative until further in- are numerous but in general, it reflects chronic vestigation is done and Koch’s postulates have This negative result could be due to the chro- nicity of the lesions. Moreover, an ultrastructure low-grade antigenemia, which could be due to a been fulfilled. Importantly, this is the second feature that helps in the identification of picor- SVV infection or other antigens. It is possible report where SVV was identified in pigs with naviruses is their aggregation into lattices or that serofibrinous peritonitis and pericarditis SIVD in which other etiologic agents were ruled crystalline arrays; if these viruses are individu- and hemorrhagic jejunitis could be conse- -out, hence it is possible that SVV may be the alized, they are very difficult to be identified quence of chronic renal failure. However, other causative agent of SIVD. Consequently, since [14]. Staphylococcus hyicus can cause exuda- lesions suggesting chronic renal failure were SIVD is clinically and economically important tive epidermitis in piglets; however, although it not observed. due to its resemblance with vesicular foreign was cultured from the lesions, it was consid- To the best of our knowledge, this is the first animal diseases, which are associated with ered a secondary contaminant by virtue of its case of SIVD with detailed description of le- significant morbidity and mortality in pigs, fur- presence in the normal cutaneous flora. In sions in which an etiologic association is made ther investigation in to the possible association addition, the signalment and clinical signs do with the SVV. However, this virus has been of SVV with this syndrome is warranted. not fit with the exudative epidermitis syndrome. previously isolated from the healthy pigs in We also observed membranoproliferative glo- several areas of the United States and it has Rising Instability Together with Weak Veterinary Services Pose a Threat to World Security OIE Director General Bernard Vallat urges hands. plague’ because of its devastating impacts on BWC Members to strengthen Veterinary Dr Vallat said: “The best way to protect the Services as key players for animal health entire world from rising bio-threats linked with global freedom the virus remains stored in surveillance, response and biosafety animal pathogens is to ensure that all national dozens of laboratories across the world, and Veterinary Services comply with OIE interna- with disease no longer present in animals the tional standards on quality. This must be a only way a Rinderpest outbreak could occur basis for bio risk management policies.” today is if virus escaped from a laboratory. Geneva, 10 December 2012 – The Director General of the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), Dr Bernard Vallat called for ac- Unfortunately today, the quality of surveil- livestock. One year after OIE’s declaration of To ensure that the world remains free from tion against the rising threat that animal patho- lance and response mechanisms for animal Rinderpest, OIE is calling on all countries to gens pose to the world’s security at the Bio- diseases varies from country to country, and destroy remaining stocks of Rinderpest virus logical Weapons Convention (BWC) Meeting in our globalized world weaknesses in one or make sure that virus is transferred to an of States Parties. country pose a threat to all others. approved reference laboratory. The World Accidental or deliberate release of animal Today’s movements of people, animals and Organization for Animal Health (OIE) and UN pathogens can have disastrous repercussions consumer goods enables the rapid global Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) have for public health, economies, and social stabil- spread of infectious animal diseases: SARS, also called a moratorium on research using ity because 60% of human infectious diseases avian flu, mad cow disease, and Ebola are all the live Rinderpest virus. originate from animals (zoonoses) and, infec- examples highlighting the potentially disas- tious diseases of animals also cause huge trous consequences that animal pathogens weapon (used in the 13th century) and was losses to agriculture. Because of these im- can pose if they are not eliminated at their amongst other animal pathogens to be devel- pacts, most agents that can be used for bio- primary source. oped for warfare during the 20th century. weapons are animal pathogens. Effective surveillance, early detection and Rinderpest was arguably the first bio- “It is a shared responsibility of governments Source: http://www.oie.int/for-the-media/press- to use all means available and apply existing releases/detail/article/rising-instability-together- rapid response mechanisms for animal diseas- recommendations that we give to prevent and es that comply with OIE international stand- control animal diseases. This will reduce the ards are the most effective defense against significant risks that these pathogens present,” any infectious animal disease outbreak, wheth- Dr Vallat stressed. “All available channels for er the cause is natural, accidental or intention- convincing all decision makers should be used al. OIE Laboratory Standards for bio risk man- in that objective,” he further said. agement will also protect against accidental Destroying and sequestrating Rinderpest virus release of pathogens from laboratories and In May 2011, OIE declared the global eradi- guard against pathogens falling into the wrong cation of Rinderpest, also known as ‘cattle FDA Announces Reorganization for the Foods and Veterinary Medicine Program For more information go to: http://www.fda.gov/ AnimalVeterinary/NewsEvents/ CVMUpdates/ucm337011.htm Federal Veterinarian Page 11 Rabies in the US During 2011, 49 states and Puerto Rico reported 6,031 rabid animals and 6 human rabies cases to the CDC, representing a 1.9% decrease from the 6,153 rabid animals and 2 human cases reported in 2010. Approximately 92% of reported rabid animals were wildlife. 1,981 raccoons (32.8%), 1,627 skunks (27.0%), 1,380 bats (22.9%), 427 foxes (7.1%), 303 cats (5.0%), 65 cattle (1.1%), and 70 dogs (1.2%). Compared with 2010, there was a substantial increase in the number of rabid skunks reported. Source: http://www.cdc.gov/rabies/resources/publications/index.html Applied Epidemiology: Graduate Education: University of California, Davis The Master of Preventive Veterinary Medicine (MPVM) is a professional degree in applied epidemiology for veterinarians and other health professionals (MD, registered Nurses). The program emphasizes quantitative analysis of animal populations with applications to contemporary issues such as herd health, zoonoses, wildlife, food safety and security, animal, public and environmental health. The program attracts an international student body, bringing a glob- al perspective to problems involving animal and human health. More than 940 MPVM graduates work throughout the world for government and international agencies, corporations, laboratories and nonprofit organizations. DVM or equivalent degree preferred for admission. Application deadline for August admission is April 1, 2013 for domestic applicants and March 1, 2013 for international applicants. Scholarships are available on a competitive, limited basis. Additional program information and application forms are available at: http://www.vetmed.ucdavis.edu/mpvm/ index.cfm For further information contact Bruno Chomel, Director, MPVM Program, University of California, Davis Office of the Dean, School of Veterinary Medicine, One Shields Ave, Davis, California, 95616. Telephone (530)752-2377, Fax (530) 752-2801. 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USDA FSIS Members Dr. Kermit Harvey, Band 4, Ridgeland, MS, reassignment, 10/21/12 Dr. Sara Leisgang, Band 4, Madera, CA, promotion, 10/21/12 Dr. Lawrence Schalk, Band 4, Glen Allen, VA, reassignment, 10/7/12 Dr. Darin Holmes, Band 4, Bridgewater, NY, reassignment, 10/7/12 Dr. David Hacker, Band 4, Nashville, AR, resignation, 10/9/12 National Association of Federal Veterinarians members not listed in the “Veterinary Happenings” column so they may be included 1910 Sunderland Place Notify NAFV of Promotions, Reassignments, Transfers, Awards, Retirements, etc. for Washington, DC 20036 Veterinary Happenings February 2013 Dr. Amanda Bayles, Band 4, Water Valley, MS, resignation, 10/20/12 Dr. Anita Famber, Band 4, Rockingham, NC, reassignment, 11/4/12 Dr. Jorge Luna, Band 5, Fort Smith, AR, promotion, 11/4/12 Dr. Fayyaz Khan, Band 4, Dobson, NC, retirement, 11/2/12 Dr. Rex Holt, Band 4, Bethlehem, GA, reassignment, 11/18/12 at Washington, DC Dr. Linda NG, Band 4, New York-Kings, NY, resignation, 11/3/12 USDA APHIS Members ( Information will be available in the March issue) Welcome New Members Dr. Joseph, Manda, NDMS, PHU’81, Myrtle Beach, SC Dr. Mohamed Elramady, FSIS, Carmichael, CA Electronic 1099R Income and Tax Withholding Statement Later this year OPM will be asking annuitant and survivor beneficiaries to visit Services Online to Opt-In to receive the 2014 1099R electronically. 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Updates can be sent to ctuckhorn@nafv.org Veterinary Biologics Training Program Scheduled Ames, IA - The Veterinary Biologics Training Program is held annually for professionals in veterinary vaccine and diagnostic test development and regulatory agencies. This course provides an overview of the scientific principles of immunology and vaccinology; and the USDA regulatory process for assuring the purity, safety, potency and efficacy of veterinary biologics. Enrollment is now open for the 2013 Program which begins May 14, 2013 in Ames, Iowa USA. Visit the website for more information regarding itinerary, registration fees/deadlines and forms, housing for international participants, meals, transportation, and lodging: http:// www.cfsph.iastate.edu/IICAB/meetings/may2013.php