Wind mitigation

Transcription

Wind mitigation

Wind Mitigation
Landscaping Project
Playbook
Overview
In a high wind event anything can become a dangerous flying object. Inspect your property to
identify any potential landscaping issues. This document may be used to consult with a
professional landscaper if necessary.
Purpose: To safeguard personal and community property from the disastrous effects of
hurricane winds, rain and debris
Suggested Age Group(s): 8+
Activity Duration: (8 hours)
Supplies
•
•
•
•
•
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•
•
Pruning shears/ Tree saws
Shovel
Hammer
Tree Stakes
Work gloves
Safety goggles
Wheelbarrow
Bark Mulch
Project
Disasters affect entire neighborhoods and communities. Wind-borne hazardous debris may
cause severe damage to property and injuries. Here are some helpful tips to prepare you home
and neighborhood:
1. Trees
If you see any of the issues below, you may have a weakened tree that can potentially come
down, lose a limb or cause other problems during a hurricane or high winds. Signs include:
• Cracks in the trunk or major limbs
• Trees that look one-sided or lean significantly
• Branches hanging over the house or near the roof
• Limbs in contact with power lines
• Mushrooms growing from the bark signaling decay
• Insect infestations
•
•
•
Caring for your trees
Regular and proper pruning can strengthen the health and vitality of your trees.
Removal of dead, diseased or damaged parts of the tree will also stop the spread of
disease and harmful insects that can significantly weaken or destroy your tree.
Avoid pruning branches flush to the tree. Doing so removes not only the limb but
part of the trunk, opening the tree to possible decay or insect damage.
If you are planting new trees
Some varieties of trees are more prone to storm damage than others. City foresters,
county extension offices, local nurseries and landscape firms can provide advice on
tree selection for your area and soil conditions. Here are some additional tips we
found from The University of Florida:
Plant the right in the right place – Planting larger trees away from your
home, power lines, and other structures greatly reduces the risk of branches
or the tree itself falling on your home or knocking down power lines. There
are many excellent smaller trees and shrubs that can be planted close to your
home or under power lines.
Prune for health – assess trees and shrubs for branches that are dying, too
large, lopsided, etc. Regular pruning promotes healthy growth, removes
dying or diseased limbs, and can reshape the tree to be more resistant to
wind damage. To ensure healthy plants, please refer to these websites for
instructions on proper pruning: UF Pruning Shade Trees in
Landscapes and UF Pruning Landscape Trees and Shrubs
Choose Wind Resistant Plant Species –Some plants are more wind
resistant than others. Researchers have collected data after hurricanes to
generate a list of trees that are more wind resistant, as well as a list of trees
that seem to be especially weak in storms. Native trees that do better are
slower growing, and feature low centers of gravity and deep root systems.
Some examples include: Magnolias, Hollies, Bald Cypress, and most oaks
trees (except Laurel). More species can be found here or in this new UF
guide.
Plant in Groups or Masses – when possible, planting groups of mixed trees
together can greatly enhance wind resistance. The trees buffer each other as well as
your property and other landscape plants
2. Landscaping Materials
• Rock and gravel landscaping can easily go from pretty to projectile in a high wind
event. Replace it with fire-treated shredded bark to reduce the risk for damage.
• Stake small trees and tall garden plants at least 8 inches into the ground. Use sturdy
materials such as wood, plastic, or metal stakes.
• Mitigate heavy vines from pulling over structures by trimming or removing them
completely. You may also anchor trellises and arches by tying them with rope or
wire to keep them grounded.
Resources
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•
•
•
•
FEMA
American Red Cross
South Florida Water Management District
FLASH
University of Florida
Hurricane Shuttering
Project Playbook
Overview
The United States has over 12,300 miles of coastline that is very susceptible to damage from
the high winds of tropical storms and hurricanes. Many low-income and elderly citizens reside in
coastal urban counties and represent those most vulnerable to disasters.
hurricane winds and rain
Activity Duration: Weekend Project 8-16 hours
Supplies
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•
•
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•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Tape Measure
Circular saw
Saw Horse
Chalk Line/ Marking Pencil
Drill and drill bits
Hammer
Wrench
Work gloves
Safety goggles
Bolts
Wood or masonry anchors
Nuts and large washers
Project
Disasters affect entire neighborhoods and communities. Not all homes are protected by
impact-resistant windows and doors or impact-resistant shutters or panels. Consider
creating a volunteer team of community members to build your own temporary emergency
plywood panels.
1. Develop a Plan
a) Count and measure each window and door that has glass including French
doors, sliding glass doors and skylights. You might also want to include roof and
gable end vents or any opening that if damaged would allow wind to enter your
home.
b) Measure each opening horizontally inside the exterior trim and vertically from the
sill to the bottom of the top trim.
c) Add eight inches to both the height and width to provide a four-inch overlap on all
sides.
i. When measuring a window with an extended sill measure from the top of
the sill to the top of the window and add four inches instead of eight.
d) Sheets of plywood are generally 4 feet by 8 feet. This will help determine how
many sheets to buy. Be sure to purchase plywood that is 5/8 inch or greater,
exterior grade (CDX).
Determine the exterior material to which the plywood will be mounted. Assume one
bolt/screw in each corner and space at 12” intervals around the panel. This will allow
you to calculate how many bolts/anchors/screws/nuts are needed.
2. Build Your Team
Possible partners may include, but are not limited to hardware stores, building supply
stores, FEMA, local VOAD, Citizen Corps Councils, youth service organizations,
homeowner associations, and local volunteer centers.
Pitch the project idea to partners in your community. This is an opportunity to galvanize
resources (human, in-kind, financial).
You can also recruit your friends, family, and coworkers to help you!
3. Secure Resources
Secure any supplies you will need for the event ahead of time. Create a budget that
allows you to spend money on supplies. Identify sources of in-kind donations.
You may also ask volunteers and residents to provide the supplies.
4. Provide Food
If you are covering a large area or multiple locations, plan to provide a breakfast and/or
lunch for the volunteers. There are several ways to acquire the food.
 Explain your service project event and ask for food donations from nearby coffee
shops, grocery stores or breakfast shops.
 Make it a potluck. Have every family attending bring one item that can feed 2 or 3
people.
 If you have the budget…buy it yourself.
5. Have a Contingency Plan
It is important to think through theoretical scenarios to make sure you are prepared for
anything that happens. Have a plan of action in the event that things don’t go as
planned. Ask questions such as:
•
•
•
•
•
What is the minimum number of volunteers we need?
What will we do if some volunteers don’t show up?
What will we do if a volunteer gets hurt?
What will we do if we run out of food?
What if no one opens their door?
6. Review Last Minute Details and Communicate with Volunteers
Reconnect with volunteers the week before the event. Remind them of their
responsibilities, dates, and times of the event. Have volunteers come in to set up at least
45 minutes before the start time.
Make sure there is an accessible restroom and water fountain.
Assign specific roles to volunteers, such as day-of-event planners, volunteers who
manage snacks/food, set-up committee, and clean-up committee.
7. GO! Implement the Project
As volunteers come in they should sign in, sign liability waivers, make nametags, and fill
out emergency contact information.
At the homesite:
a) Cut the plywood to the specified sizes and indicate which window it will be
installed on.
b) Drill holes the same diameter as the bolts or screws to be used, 2 inches in from
the edges of the plywood at each corner and at 12 inch intervals around the
panel.
c) Hold the plywood firmly in place over the opening to mark where to drill the
mounting holes.
d) If the window sill is flush to the wall, secure plywood on all four sides.
e) If the window sill extends out at the bottom, secure plywood on top and sides.
f) For windows 3 feet by 4 feet or smaller installed on a wood frame house, use
1/4-inch lag screws and plastic coated permanent anchors.
g) The lag screws should penetrate the wall and frame surrounding the window at
least 1 ¾ inches. For larger windows, use 3/8 inch lag screws that penetrate the
wall and frame surrounding the window at least 2 ½ inches.
h) For windows 3 feet by 4 feet or smaller installed on a masonry house, use 1/4
inch expansion bolts and galvanized permanent expansion anchors.
i) Expansion bolts should penetrate the wall at least 1 ½ inches. For larger
windows, use 3/8-inch expansion bolts that penetrate the wall at least 1 ½
inches.
j) If a window or door is larger than a single sheet of plywood, you will need to join
two or more panels together with 2X4 vertical bracing along the entire seam.
k) Attach the 2X4s to the outside of the plywood panel with 10 gauge, 2 inch long
galvanized screws (exterior deck screws) spaced every 4 inches.
l) Use the widest side of the 2X4 to run the length of the entire seam.
m) *If using Plylox: (www.plylox.com)
o Measure the inside edges of the of the window opening
o Cut plywood to fit opening
o Show homeowners how to install and remove at the appropriate times
8. Wrap-up, Recognize and Reflect
 After installation is complete, mark each panel with the name of the opening so the
resident will quickly know where to install it when a storm is approaching.
 Store the panels, washers and nuts together in a location away from the elements.
 Consider waterproofing the panels with paint or a sealant.
Fifteen minutes before the event is supposed to end, have some volunteers start basic
cleaning and making the final calls to return to logistics base or reflection site.
Everyone likes to be recognized for his or her hard work and achievements, especially
volunteers. Show your volunteers how much you appreciate them and they are more
likely to participate in following years.
The following are some suggestions on for recognizing your volunteers.
•
•
•
•
Verbally recognize your volunteers’ efforts, but also send a personalized note
thanking them.
Plan to recognize your volunteers at your next special event.
Recognize volunteer efforts through the media. Submit a media release and
photo or write a letter to the local newspaper.
Have a celebration recognizing the accomplishments of the volunteers.
Ensure all volunteer volunteers are accounted for and sign-out.
After the event, it is important to reflect on the experience and think about the impact of
the project on the community, as well as what you learned about yourself and others.
Here are some suggested activities:
• Tell your family and friends about something you learned and how you will
continue to help others
• Blog, draw a picture, write a poem, and/or submit a letter to the editor
• Lead a group discussion with your volunteers with questions such as: Why did
you volunteer today? What is one thing that you will remember most about this
service activity? How can you continue to make a difference in your community?
• Finally, after the reflections, have volunteers fill out project evaluation forms.
Resources
Possible Partners
• FLASH
• Building supply stores
• FEMA
• Homeowner associations
• Volunteer centers
Recruiting Volunteers
• www.handsonnetwork.org/
• www.www.volunteerspot.com/
Evaluation
• http://handsonnetwork.org/files/resources/Ten_Steps_to_Volunteer_Program_Evaluation
.pdf
• http://handsonnetwork.org/files/resources/GI_DevelopingEvaluationPlan_2010_HON.pdf
Incident Report Card
• http://handsonnetwork.org/files/resources/Volunteer_Incident_Report_Form.pdf
Delegating Tasks Form
• http://handsonnetwork.org/files/resources/Project_Task_List.pdf
Roof Sheathing
Project Playbook
Overview
Assist homeowners by improving their roof sheathing to resist wind gusts
hurricane winds
Activity Duration: 1-2 hours per home (This activity should be started in the early morning
hours as attics can become quite warm in the afternoon hours.)
Supplies
• Caulk gun • Tubes of wood adhesive (APA AFG-‐01 Certified)Putty knife • Utility knife • Ladder • Clothing that covers skin • Work gloves • • Eye protection • Dust mask Project
Roof Sheathing enhancement is another tactic to mitigate property loss and damage due to
wind gusts during tropical storms and hurricanes. *Please note that this project could be
potentially hazardous and only those organizations or persons qualified to work on a roof and
tall structures should conduct this project. We would recommend recruiting skills-based
volunteers to reduce the potential risk of personal injury and/ or damage to property.
1. Develop a Plan
 Think about the purpose of your event and decide what kind of impact you want
to make. Do you want this event to be a one-time event?
 What neighborhoods/ geographic area will you target?
 Will you attempt to notify the communities prior to the event (to offer service and
recruit volunteers)? If so, how?
 Based upon the number of homes, how much of the supplies are needed?
 How many volunteers will you need to execute the project?
 Identify a location where you can store supplies, conduct orientation and intake
and reflection. Ideal locations will have large tables and chairs for reflections.
 Schedule the project for the morning, for attics warm rapidly as the day
progresses
2. Build Your Team
We would recommend recruiting skills-based volunteers to reduce the potential risk of
personal injury and/ or damage to property. Other possible partners may include, but not
limited to building supply stores, home Inspectors, senior citizen councils, youth service
organizations, homeowner associations, and local volunteer centers.
resources (human, in-kind, financial). Remember to engage residents of the area as
potential volunteers. You can also recruit your friends, family, and coworkers to help
you!
3. Secure Resources
allows you to spend money on supplies. Some of this money may come from donations.
Explain your service project event and ask for donations from local stores government
agencies, and nonprofit organization. You can also ask volunteers to bring supplies from
home.
4. Provide Food
If you are covering a large area or multiple homes, you should plan to provide a
breakfast and/or lunch for the volunteers. There are several ways to acquire the food.
•
•
•
If you have the budget…buy it yourself.
Explain your service project event and ask for food donations from nearby coffee
Make it a potluck or cookout. Have every family attending bring one item that can
feed 2 or 3 people.
anything that happens. Have a plan of action in the event that things don’t go right. Ask
questions such as:
•
•
•
•
•
What is the minimum number of volunteers we can have?
What will we do if volunteer gets hurt?
What if no one opens their door?
responsibilities, dates, and times of the event. Have volunteers come in to set up at
least 45 minutes before the start time.
Make sure the volunteers have access to a restroom and water .
Assign specific roles to volunteers, such as day-of-event planners, snacks/food
managers, set-up committee, , and clean-up committee.
out emergency contact information. It helps if you have a maps of the locations of the
homes you are targeting.
 Ensure no volunteer go alone. Assign teams of at least two people.
 Ensure that you have the current mobile phone number of all volunteers just in
case of emergency.
At the residences, with home owner/ tenants’ permission:
 Apply a 1/4 -inch bead of caulk of along the intersection of the roof deck and the
roof support element (rafter or truss chord) on both sides with a caulking gun
from the ridge to the eaves
 Ensure that the adhesive is in contact with both the deck and roof support
elements.
 Remember that attics are typically tight, enclosed areas with poor ventilation.
 When applying the adhesive, be sure to follow the directions for proper
application and ventilation. You can check the labels on the available adhesives
and select the one that gives off the least amount of fumes. Nevertheless, a fan
that circulates fresh air should be used to help ventilate the work area.
 Provide this Hurricane Preparedness Checklist for further mitigation methods to
residents
likely to participate in following years. Be sure to include the number of goods made
during the event.
The following are some suggestions on how you can recognize your volunteers.
•
•
•
•
thanking them.
Recognize volunteer efforts through the media. Submit a press release and
All volunteers should sign out; as parents arrive back at the site. Ensure all volunteer
(especially youth) volunteers are accounted for and sign-out.
•
•
•
Blog, draw a picture, write a poem, and/or submit a letter to the editor
Lead a group discussion with your volunteers with questions such as: Why did
Finally, after the reflections, have volunteers fill out project evaluation forms.
Resources
Possible Partners
• FEMA
• American Red Cross
• Building Supply Stores
• Home Inspectors
• Senior Citizen Councils
• Youth Service Organizations
• Homeowner Associations
• Volunteer Centers
• www./handsonnetwork.org/
• www.volunteerspot.com/
Evaluation
.pdf
Smoke Alarms
Project Playbook
Overview
The American Red Cross has responded to over 74,000 disasters incidents across the United
States 2011 and 93 percent of these were fire related. Unfortunately the majority of the house
fires occur in homes where individual or family income is below the poverty level. These
residents often cannot afford smoke alarms.
Purpose: To support families in fire safety and prevention
Activity Duration: Varies (dependent on area covered)
Supplies
•
•
•
•
Assorted batteries (9V, D, C, AA)
Replacement Smoke Detectors (may be purchased at home supply stores)
Compressed Air cans
Screw driver
Project
In 2005, 74 percent of home fire deaths occurred in homes with no smoke alarms
or no working smoke alarms. Sprinklers and smoke alarms together cut
your risk of dying in a home fire 82% in relation to having neither. Each year over 200 people
die from carbon monoxide produced by fuel burning appliances in the home including
furnaces, ranges, water heaters and room heaters.
Identify areas within neighborhoods most at-risk for household fires – these are areas with the
highest concentration of low income elderly, single parent families, and large multiple family
dwellings with many children. Partner with your local American Red Cross or emergency
management agency for “home-visits” to install smoke alarms and batteries or to check existing
smoke alarms and replace batteries. In addition, residents received fire safety and disaster
education materials.
1. Develop a Plan
 Think about the purpose of your event and decide what kind of impact you want
to make. Do you want this event to be a one-time event?
 What neighborhoods/ geographic area will you target?
 Do you want it be reoccurring (annual event)?
 Will you attempt to notify the communities prior to the event? If so, how?
 Based upon the number of homes, how many smoke detectors are needed?
 How many volunteers will you need to execute the project?
 Identify a location where you can stow supplies, conduct orientation and intake
and reflection. Ideal locations will have large tables and chairs for reflections.
 Saturdays or Sundays near 10am are ideal days and times.
2. Build Your Team
Possible partners may include, but not limited to fire departments, building supply stores,
home inspectors, senior citizen councils, youth service organizations, homeowner
associations, and local volunteer centers.
resources (human, in-kind, financial). Reach out to Boy Scouts, Girl Scouts, afterschool clubs and residents of the area as potential volunteers.
3. Secure Resources
allows you to spend money on supplies. Make your request local business, government
agencies and nonprofit organizations. You may have items donated directly to your
effort. You can also ask volunteers to bring supplies from home.
4. Provide Food
If you are covering a large area or multiple locations, should plan to provide a breakfast
and/or lunch for the volunteers. There are several ways to acquire the food.
•
•
•
Explain your service project event and ask for food donations from nearby coffee
Make it a potluck. Have every family attending bring one item that can feed 2 or 3
people.
If you have the budget…buy it yourself.
anything that happens. Have a plan of action in the event that things don’t go right. Ask
questions such as:
•
•
•
•
•
What is the minimum number of volunteers we can have?
What will we do if volunteer gets hurt?
What is no one opens their door?
responsibilities, dates, and times of the event. Have volunteers come in to set up at
least 45 minutes before the start time.
Make sure there is an accessible restroom and water fountain.
As volunteers come in they should sign in their children, sign liability waivers, make
nametags, and fill out emergency contact information. It helps if you have a maps of the
locations of the homes you are targeting.
 Ensure no volunteer go alone. Assign teams of at least two people.
 Ensure that you have the current mobile phone number of all volunteer just in
case of emergency.
At the residences, with home owner/ tenants’ permission ensure smoke alarms on every
level of your home, inside bedrooms and outside sleeping areas.
 Test all detectors that are accessible.
 Replace batteries in alarms and test once again.
 Use your compressed air can to sweep away dust clogging the vents.
 With the home owner’s or tenant’s permissions replace faulty alarms
 Some detectors may be hardwired with a battery backup. Remember to test with
and without the direct power source.
 Provide this Fire Safety Checklist to residents
likely to participate in following years. Be sure to include the number of goods made
during the event.
The following are some suggestions on how you can recognize your volunteers.
•
•
•
•
thanking them.
Recognize volunteer efforts through the media. Submit a press release and
All volunteers should sign out; as parents arrive back at the site. Ensure all volunteer
(especially youth) volunteers are accounted for and sign-out.
•
•
Lead a group discussion with your volunteers with questions such as: Why did
Finally, after the reflections, have volunteers fill out project evaluation forms.
Resources
Possible Partners
• Fire Departments
• Building supply stores
• Home inspectors
• Senior citizen councils
• Youth service organizations
• Homeowner associations
• Volunteer centers
Evaluation
.pdf
Wildfire Mitigation
Project Playbook
Overview
Wildfires can pose a great risk to your home and property. Reduce your risk by preparing now
before wildfires strike.
wildfires
Activity Duration: (Varies)
Supplies
Create a supply list after. Here are a couple of items that are common.
• Pruning shears
• Shovel
• Hammer
• Copper wire (for fastening)
• Work gloves
• Safety goggles
• Wood or masonry anchors
• Rake
Project
Mitigate damage from wildfires by designing and maintaining your home and neighborhood
landscaping with wildfire safety in mind.
1. Develop a Plan
a) Assess the area in which you will target the mitigation.
b) Create a map of the neighborhood with a list ofmitigation tactics required for each
project site (structures and other community areas like nearby parks)
c) Identify how many volunteers you will need for the various project sites. Prioritize
large tasks first. 2. Build Your Team
Fires moves quickly with a constant source of heat, air and fuel. Engaging your
neighbors in mitigation will assist in retarding the spread of the wildfire. Pitch the project
idea to partners in your community. This is an opportunity to galvanize resources
(human, in-kind, financial).
Possible partners may include, but are not limited to hardware stores, building supply
tores, FEMA, local VOAD, citizen Corps councils, youth service organizations,
homeowner associations, and local volunteer centers for guidance and assistance
3. Secure Resources
Secure any supplies you will need for the event ahead of time based upon your needs
assessment. Create a budget that allows you to spend money on supplies. Identify
sources of in-kind donations. You may also ask volunteers and residents to provide the
supplies.
responsibilities and the dates and the times of the event. Have volunteers come in to set
up at least 45 minutes before the start time.
out emergency contact information.
Create a Defensible Zone
• Plant fire-resistant shrubs and trees. Check with your local nursery or county
extension service for fire-resistant varieties in your area.
• Create a defensible, 30 foot safety zone around your home.
• Trim grass on a regular basis.
• Rake leaves and remove all dead plants, trees, and shrubs in the zone.
• Cut back all tree branches that hang over the house or are lower than 6 to ten
feet from the ground.
• Remove leaves and debris from under structures and dispose of them properly.
• Stack firewood at least 50 feet away from your home.
Prevent Sparks
• Store flammable materials, liquids, and solvents in metal containers outside the
home in a safe location at least 30 feet away from structures and wooden fences.
• Clean the roof, eaves, and gutters of twigs, leaves, and other combustible debris.
• Install spark arresters in all chimneys.
• Cover chimneys, attic, and soffit vents, as well as the area below elevated wood
decks with minimum 1/4 inch noncombustible screening or mesh.
• Keep a ladder that will reach the roof and a garden hose that is long enough to
reach any area of your home and other structures on your property.
• Maintain an emergency water supply within 1,000 feet of your home. This source
can come from a hydrant, small pond, cistern, well or swimming pool.
• When you get ready to build a new home or re-roof your present home use
roofing materials with a Class-A fire-resistant rating.
likely to participate in following years.
The following are some suggestions on for recognizing your volunteers.
•
•
•
•
•
thanking them.
Recognize volunteer efforts through the media. Submit a media release and
Post of social media: twitter, facebook, instagram, etc
Ensure all volunteers are accounted for and sign-out.
• Lead a group discussion with your volunteers with questions such as: Why did
service activity? How can you continue to make a difference in your community? Resources
Possible Partners
• FLASH
• Building Supply Stores
• FEMA
• Homeowner Associations
• Volunteer Centers
http://handsonnetwork.org/files/resources/Project_Task_List.pdf

Wind mitigation

Transcription

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