Book of Abstracts - Water is Life The Local Approach

Transcription

Water is Life is an initiative of Maurick College, The Netherlands and Raffles Institution, Singapore
Book of Abstracts
2nd Water is Life conference, June 4 – 11 2016, The Netherlands
March 2016
All publishing rights reserved to World Scientific Publishing Singapore
Content:
The Water is Life Abstract Book consists of 48 research-abstracts from the following schools sorted
by country and by school-name :
John Monash Science School
Sir Karl Popper Schule Wiedner Gymnasium
Departamento de Formação Geral,
Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais – CEFET/MG
Oak Bay High School
William Aberhart High School
Collegio Claustro Moderno
Eisbjerghus Efterskole
Langkaer Gymnasium
Vordingborg Gymnasium
Institution St. Joseph
Dillmann Gymnasium
Gymnasium Alsdorf
CYS
Liceo Scientifico Carlo Cattaneo
Makuhari Senior High School
Shibuya Senior High School
d’Oultremontcollege
Maurick College
Odulphus Lyceum
Kopernik Lyceum
Raffles Institution
River Valley High School
St. Andrews College / Diocesan school for girls
Hatfield Christian School and Woodhill College
Collegi Mare de Deu del Carmen
Jesuit Association Spain
Mahidol Wittayanusorn School
Detroit Country Day School
Manhattan College for Science and Mathematics
Arundel School
Australia
Austria
Brazil
Canada
Canada
Colombia
Denmark
Denmark
Denmark
France
Germany
Germany
Indonesia
Italy
Japan
Japan
The Netherlands
The Netherlands
The Netherlands
Poland
Singapore
Singapore
South Africa
South Africa
Spain
Spain
Thailand
USA
USA
Zimbabwe
(One abstract from Ghana from the SIMAVI WASH program has been delayed due to a local school-competition, and will be delivered later)
Research projects have been categorized in 5 different research-directions :
Engineering and Technology
Biodiversity
Education
Communities
Stewardship and Policy
16 research proposals
Remarks: The names of the guiding teachers for each team are printed in red colour. All abstracts/research-papers are part of the
competition during the Water is Life conference poster-presentation-day. Each school can present one abstract/research-paper during the
Water is Life conference oral-presentation-day.
The Water is Life Organisation Team
www.waterislife2016.com
Leading Jury-team and keynote-speakers
Prof. Vladan Babovic (Singapore)
Associate Professor Vladan Babovic is a leading scientist in the field of hydroinformatics where he has
been spearheading research in data-driven modelling research from early 1990s. In more recent
years, his work on flexibility and real options pertaining to decision-making under deep uncertainties
in water- and climate-related domains is starting to gain wider recognition.
In addition to being a leading researcher and educator, Vladan is a scientist entrepreneur who was
instrumental in securing funding and subsequently lead establishment and managed growth of
research institutes, such as Singapore Delft Water Alliance and NUSDeltares, both of which he is
founding Director. In addition to this, Vladan serves as member of Board of Directors of Dutch
Chamber of Commerce (Singapore) where he chairs Netherlands Water House (Singapore).
Vladan obtained his Ph.D. degrees from both UNESCO-IHE and Delft University of Technology, The
Netherlands in 1995. In 2001 he has obtained a business degree at IMD in Lausanne (Switzerland).
Prior to joining National University of Singapore, he was Head of Emerging Technologies at Danish
Hydraulic Institute (1995-2002) and Senior Research Scientist at WL | Delft Hydraulics (2003-2005).
Vladan is an active member of several professional associations, such as International Water
Association, International Association for Hydraulic Research, International Association of
Hydrological Sciences and American Society of Civil Engineers. He is recipient of number of
International Awards and serves on scientific boards of range of journals and conferences.
One of Vladan's passions is creating enthusiasm towards water related issues among students and
community in general. Establishment of IAHR Student Chapter at the National University of
Singapore; Van Kleef Aquatic Science Centre @ Sungei Ulu Pandan and Singapore Netherlands Water
Challenge are but few initiatives he has spearheaded.
Prof. Glen Kowach (New York)
Prof. Glen Kowach completed his undergraduate degree in chemistry at the University of WisconsinMadison and received his doctorate from Cornell University while working in the laboratory of Prof.
Francis DiSalvo in the area of synthesis, crystal growth, and physical properties of solid-state nitrides.
Immediately thereafter, he joined the staff at Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies and expanded
his research into the area of thin films for microelectronics, single crystals for optics, and negative
thermal expansion ceramic composites for telecommunication applications. He was promoted to the
position of Distinguished Member of Technical Staff. Approximately ten years ago, he joined the
faculty at The City College of New York (CCNY) of the City University of New York (CUNY) as an
Associate Professor of Chemistry and the Graduate Center of CUNY. Prof. Kowach held the positions
of co-Director of the Electron Microscopy Facility and co-Director of the X-ray Diffraction Facility. In
2008 he was elected as the Chair of the General Chemistry program.
In addition, he is the President of the American Association of Crystal Growth-MidAtlantic Section.
Prof. Kowach is currently the vice-chair of the Chemistry Department. The research of Prof. Kowach
encompasses the fields of solid-state inorganic chemistry and condensed matter physics. Primarily,
his focus is on the synthesis of novel materials including the deposition of crystalline and amorphous
thin films (zinc oxide and strontium titanium alloys), growth of single crystals (zirconium tungstate
and transition metal phosphides), fabrication of nanocomposite glasses (barium titanate
incorporated into multicomponent silicate glasses), and exploration of novel electronic, magnetic
and optical materials (dilute magnetic semiconductors and electro-optics). His research has been
funded by the National Science Foundation for manganese-substituted semiconductor materials. He
has authored over 35 peer-reviewed articles, a book chapter and holds 7 patents.
He participated on a committee of the National Research Council, and he was selected for the
Frontiers of Engineering by the National Academy of Engineering. Prof. Kowach received the highest
award for young authors from the American Association of Crystal Growth in 2005. In 2008 he
received the CCNY Outstanding Teacher Award in 2008 and the Provost's Prize for Pedagogical and
Curricular Innovation in 2012.
Prof. Kim Irvine (Singapore)
Kim Irvine is a Professor in the Geography and Planning Department at Buffalo State, State University
of New York and has been in the department for 26 years. He is the Director of the Center for
Southeast Asia Environment and Sustainable Development at Buffalo State and also is an Adjunct
Professor in the Environmental Engineering and Management program at Asian Institute of
Technology (AIT) in Bangkok. He has had positions as a hydrologic scientist with the U.S. Army Corps
of Engineers, Buffalo District and a visiting scientist at Environment Canada's National Water
Research Institute.
Currently he is on sabbatical at the National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University,
Singapore. His research interests are in the areas of water quality, sanitation, and water resources
management, with projects based in North America, Cambodia, Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, and
Singapore. He teaches courses in Hydrology, Quantitative Methods, Urban Planning Agencies and
Issues, Environment and Sustainable Development Issues in Southeast Asia, Ecosystem Dynamics,
Resource and Environmental Management, Urban Environmental Planning and Management, and
Wastewater Treatment and Collection System Design.
Prof. Wim Uijttewaal (Delft)
Wim’s curiosity is triggered by the great consequences of turbulence as we find them in our daily life.
Whether it is the ever changing weather patterns, the mixing of olive oil with vinegar in making a
salad dressing, or the incredibility shaped plan-forms of natural rivers. All large-scale mixing and
transport processes are governed by the complex turbulent motions, that work sometimes in our
advantage but can often be a nuisance as in the case of e.g. cycling against the wind.
After an MSc-study in Applied Physics and a PhD-study in Medical Physics, Wim Uijttewaal became
involved in the research field of turbulent mixing and transport processes. In 1995 he joined the
faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences at the Delft University of Technology, as an assistant
professor performing experimental research in the Environmental Fluid Mechanics Laboratory. With
much experience in experimental research and knowledge of turbulent processes he holds the chair
of Experimental Hydraulics at TUDelft since 2009 and is responsible for the experimental research at
the Environmental Fluid Mechanics Laboratory. He initiated the conference series on Shallow Flows,
and (co)organised many other conferences in the field of Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Engineering.
Over the past years his research scope has widened ranging from sediment transport and river
morphodynamics to stability of breakwaters and the interaction between flow and vegetation.
Abstract Number: 1
Country: Australia
School: John Monash Science School
Team name: John Monash
Category: Biodiversity
Participants: Adriana Abels, Jemma Chaplin, Ewing Chen, Sam de Groot, Anna Musgrave ,Mary Xu
Abstract:
A comparison of the benefits of the JMSS wetland and the Jock Marshall Reserve to the local
community.
In 2014, JMSS embarked on creating our own urban wetland to study the changes associated with
bringing water to an urban environment. The project, which consisted of harvesting water from the
staff carpark, explored the possible benefits associated with having a small water storage area;
benefits such as an increase in biodiversity in an area which has been developed and built up over
successive years.
For the past two years rainfall has accumulated in the small depression, which is our wetland and
along with the constant change in the microclimate (the wetting and drying regime) has come a
succession of vegetation and a variety of local wildlife, both transient and permanent, including birds
and possums. The accumulation of leaf litter at the bottom of the depression is also evidence that it
has worked well as a filtering device and has continued to develop as a healthy ecosystem.
To broaden the scope of our study of wetlands and their benefits, the extension of our project is to
look at and compare the processes, which occur in the larger wetland (Jock Marshal Reserve) at
Monash University and the benefits it provides for the local environment. Using a range of sensing
equipment, big data and anecdotal observations we will be looking at the change over time that has
occurred in both wetlands in terms of their water chemistry, influence on biodiversity and future
impacts of these systems on urban environments. We would not only compare the results of its
health through the assessment of physical indicators such as turbidity and temperature and its
biological indicators; but also examine the benefits it provides to the local environment.
Through the collection of data over an extended period of time (two years) a conclusion could be
reached. The data we are using is significant due to the manner in which it is readily accessible; an
online interface built into the Jock Marshall Reserve website, which clearly highlights the important
work citizen science can achieve in protecting and improving our use of water. Our study also further
highlights how through connections with different stakeholders in the community a greater
awareness of sustainable use of water is achievable.
Abstract Number: 2
Country: Austria
School: Sir Karl Popper Schule Wiedner Gymnasium
Team name: Team A
Category: Engineering and Technology
Participants:
Maria
Schwarz
Sophia Elalamy
Simon Nehrer
Alexander
Sanchez de la
Cerda
Mario Raphael
stepanik
Abstract:
Hydroelectric Power Generation using Turbines in Pipelines of Gravity-Fed Water Supply Systems
Usually, pressure control valves are used to regulate pressure in the pipelines of gravity-fed water
supply systems; however, a new technology can assume this function: turbines – and they come with
a welcome side effect: they generate energy.
More and more of these turbines are assembled every day, harnessing the untapped energy
potential of moving water to produce clean, cost-efficient electricity and supply small parts of
metropolises or sometimes even entire communities in more rural areas with electricity.
In recent years, start-ups have been founded, governments around the world are starting to invest in
this relatively new technology. In our hometown Vienna, for instance, several thousand households
are already powered by energy generated by turbines in the Viennese mountain spring water supply
line.
In spite of all these accomplishments and continuous effort in Western countries, the question
remains as to whether the technology has the same potential in developing countries where it could
make a huge difference in people's lives, especially those living in rural, remote regions.
The emphasis of our investigation is on research of state-of-the-art technology and whether and how
costs can be reduced and efficiency increased to the point where widespread implementation of the
technology is possible, particularly in developing countries.
Abstract Number: 3
Country: Austria
School: Sir Karl Popper Schule Wiedner Gymnasium
Team name: Team B
Participants:
Maria Schwarz
Elisa Briem
Vinzenz Moser
Julian
Stefan Rietzinger Rothenbucher
Abstract:
Water & Energy Consumption of Winter Tourism and its Consequences
If you think of Austria, what is the first thing to cross your mind? Mozart, Salzburg or Conchita
Wurst? Most people would probably say skiing – which isn’t far-fetched, considering that every year
an equivalent to a third of Austria’s population visits the famous ski resorts. Therefore the winter
tourism’s revenue amounts to an astounding 14.3 billion dollars. However, the future of this
important source of wealth is uncertain, since, due to climate change, the amount of snow that
covers the mountain ranges is declining rapidly.
In the next thirty to fifty years, the snow line is said to increase by up to 300m, causing the snow
reliability of 90% of Austrian ski resorts to be endangered. In order to still enable skiing throughout
the entire season, snow cannons are used more frequently every year, and to this day, these efforts
have been mostly successful. Already, the water consumption of Europe’s snow cannons is about 95
million cubic meters per year, while they munch away on electricity like a 150000 – inhabitant – city.
At the moment, the alpine ecosystem is able to sustain the strain, but as glaciers are shrinking and
climate warming switches into overdrive, there are no doubts about the immanent consequences of
the unavoidable water shortages.
First symptoms are already noticeable in the French Alps, where the flow rate of mountain creeks
has decreased by a whopping 70%. These are only some of the problems that we, as the future
generation, will have to find answers to.
Abstract Number: 4
Country: Brazil
School: Departamento de Formação Geral
Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais – CEFET/MG
Team name: Cefet-MG
Participants: Cristina Roscoe Vianna , Kaueh Cardoso Marangon, Eduardo Henrique de Freitas Silva,
Kaio Lucas da Silva Rosa, Isabella de Souza Rodrigues, Talita Alvarenga Ribeiro, Michael Ferreira,
Luciano André Palm, Wagner Francisco Marinho da Silva, Michael Ferreira, Gilze Belém Chaves
Borges, Cristina Roscoe Vianna.
(4 student conference visitors)
Abstract:
Impact of Vermicomposting products in soil fertility of degraded Brazilian Cerrado and the
perspective to minimize water pollutants release
The compositions of household wastes are variable, but they generally have high concentrations of
organic matter. Landfills are commonly used for disposing of these wastes, but the degradation of
the organic fraction produces leachates that, in combination with rainwater percolation, significantly
threaten surface and ground waters. Composting – breaking down of organic material by organisms
that feed on wastes, converts it to a soil-like mass (compost) and liquid (leachate) – is an alternative
to reduce inappropriate waste into the environment. These composting outputs can be used as a soil
conditioner.
The Brazilian Cerrado is a biome characterized by acid soils with low essential nutrient availability,
high aluminum saturation, and low water-holding capacity. The study site was an area of degraded
Cerrado used for over 30 years for pasture. The study evaluated the use of vermicomposting
byproducts performed by red wiggler worms (Eisenia fetida) on plant development (Agapanthus
africanus and aromatic herbs). Basic characterizations of the waste material were done and the
viability of the systems was evaluated in terms of compost and leachate yields in relation to organic
matter mass inputs, therefore providing an indirect estimative of the amount of pollutants that
would otherwise be released into the environment in a non-sustainable manner.
Abstract Number: 5
Country: Canada
School: Oak Bay High School
Team name: Oak Bay High School
Participants:
Derek
Shrubsole
Stephanie Jung
Anh Nguyen
Sarah Polvi
Heather Velthuis
Abstract:
Revitalization of an Urban Riparian Ecosystem
Bowker Creek is an eight kilometre long urban creek meandering through greater Victoria, from its
headwaters at the University of Victoria (UVic) to its mouth at Oak Bay. In the recent past, it was a
salmon-bearing stream that provided a source of drinking water and fed the local First Nations
communities. Now, however, a century of development has taken its toll: the creek has a mere two
and half kilometres above ground, the rest running underground through pipes and culverts. The
creek’s biodiversity has been significantly reduced as a result. In a renewed sense of value of our
urban waterways, the Capital Regional District (CRD) of Greater Victoria recently announced a
hundred year restoration plan for Bowker Creek, to return it as much as possible, back to its predevelopment state.
Our project at Oak Bay High School for the upcoming conference is twofold: the first part of our
project involves taking samples prior to the restoration of the riparian vegetation and in-stream
habitat in the section of Bowker Creek next to Oak Bay High School. We are also taking water
samples from the creek at its headwater at the University of Victoria (UVic) and at our school site to
determine Bowker Creek’s water quality. The second part of our project repeats these same tests
after the completion of the creek and riparian habitat restoration project.
We plan to use these results to make a pre-restoration and post-restoration comparison of the
biodiversity of the freshwater invertebrates and riparian plants, as well as a determination of the
ratio of native plant species to invasive plant species. We also plan to use the water quality sampling
results to look at how the water quality test parameters compare pre-restoration and postrestoration. The results will also allow us to determine how Bowker Creek’s water quality is affected
by its journey through the above ground and underground pipes from the headwaters at UVic to Oak
Bay High School, and the effects of the restoration project itself on the water quality of Bowker
Creek.
Abstract Number: 6
Country: Canada
School: William Aberhart High School
Team name: Educational frameworks and Water Conservation
Category: Communities
Participants: Rachel MacDonald, Claudia Fehres , Gregg Wesley ,Haley Strange, Avrille Aiello,
Abbey Young, Julia Wiessenberger and Leyla Khasanova
Abstract:
The basis of our research is to find an educational framework that is most effective in changing water
conservation actions. Our goal is to alter perspectives on water conservation amongst the student
population and promote positive change in their daily lives. Students, and, by extension, Canadians
often don’t realize how they negatively affect environmental issues and they, therefore, do not make
changes to their own water conserving behaviours. The average Canadian person consumes 350
liters of water per day.
Previous work has failed to address what techniques have been successful in changing human
behaviour and applying it to water conservation education. The problem we have created is so vast
and overwhelming, that the thought of making small changes to everyday behavior doesn’t seem like
enough to most, so the people let it slip into the back of their minds. First, we will follow and
evaluate ourselves, to see what we as more conscious/aware people do in our everyday lives. We
plan to compose a survey to evaluate student’s current water usage habits in order to determine
possible solutions. In our second stage of research we will implement an education program and take
a post-program survey. We hope that our program will instill a water conscious mindset and create a
measurable impact amongst our student population.
Abstract Number: 7
Country: Canada
Team name: The Recession of the Bow Glacier
Category: Education
Participants: Rachel MacDonald, Claudia Fehres , Gregg Wesley ,Amy Bell, Naomi Duska,
Genevieve Tiede and Giselle Tiede
Abstract:
Our research will revolve around two neighbouring glaciers which hang off the Wapta Icefield; the
Peyto Glacier, and the Bow Glacier.
The Peyto glacier is found in the Canadian Rockies in Banff National Park, Alberta, and is subject to
extreme melts season to season. (Wallace, Alistair Lennox, 1995) It has lost 70% of its mass since it
was first researched in 1896. (Wallace, Alistair Lennox, 1995) The Bow Glacier is also found in Banff
National Park, to the northwest of Lake Louise, and has been receding steadily since 1850 (Vaux,
Henry, "Retreating Glaciers Captivate Vaux family for more than 100 years", 2015) Between 1951 and
1993, it receded a distance of 4.26 kilometers squared to 3. 57 kilometers squared. (Hopkinson,
Chris, 1951-1993.)
The main purpose of this research project is to determine the impact that the recession of the Bow
Glacier has on Calgary's drinking water supply. By comparing and contrasting it to that of the Peyto
Glacier, we hope to emphasize the potential impact of climate change on glaciers regardless of their
geographical location. Our main goal is to show that climate change has an actual, local effect, and is
a very current concern that is affecting Calgarians presently. We would also like to prove to people
that this issue could potentially turn problematic in a short period of time. This has the potential to
affect the quality and quantity of water that Calgarians have access to, ultimately affecting the
quality of our lives. With this research, we are hoping to prove that climate change is a local issue,
which has an impact on every citizen who has access to these glaciers. We are hoping to find a
pattern in the decreasing glaciers that will reveal some insight about the future of the glaciers in the
Rocky Mountains; specifically our water supply. We want to alert Calgarians and others alike that if
no changes are made, there may have to be drastic changes in our future use of clean water in order
to make up for the predicted loss of these glaciers (Lovett, Rick, 2011).
Abstract Number: 8
Country: Canada
Team name: Acid Rain and Vegetation
Category: Stewardship & Policy
Participants: Rachel MacDonald, Claudia Fehres , Gregg Wesley ,Jeremy and Yusef Zia
Abstract:
Acid rain is a continuous issue affecting ecosystems around the world. Acid rain is the result of water
reacting with sulphur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NO, NO2) to form acids in the air before
precipitation occurs. While many sources of these reactants are natural, such as in volcanoes, many
of them are released into the atmosphere when fossil fuels are burnt.
According to the Environmental Protection Agency, “roughly 2/3 of all SO2 and 1/4 of all NOx [in the
United States] come from electric power generation that relies on burning fossil fuels, like coal.”
(EPA, April 12, 2012) Beet plants will be grown in a controlled environment for their quick growth
rate. They will be watered with different concentrations of simulated acidic precipitation (very dilute
solution of sulfuric acid for best results, if not feasible, acetic acid). The intent is to investigate the
degree to which acidity affects plant growth, and to determine which acidity promotes the most
plant growth. It is hypothesized that pure water will not promote the most plant growth, rather a
very slight concentration of acid rain will. This is because of the likeliness that plants have adapted to
slightly acidic rain due to carbon dioxide in the atmosphere over millions of years. The research from
this project could be useful to spread awareness about acid rain and support air quality conservation,
and for agriculture to see if acidity can possibly affect growth for the better.
Abstract Number: 9
Country: Canada
Team name: Water Quality Tsuu T’ina Reserve
Participants: Rachel MacDonald, Claudia Fehres , Gregg Wesley ,Irina Roche, Kendra Thiessen,
Chelsea Woolf, Leslie Woo and Emma Lognon
Abstract:
The water quality of one of Canada’s aboriginal groups, the Tsuu T’ina Nation, as suggested by
research, has often been disregarded and dismissed by the Canadian Government. In southern
Calgary, Alberta, where the Tsuu T’ina Nation is located, both water quality and water allocation are
important issues that this community is currently facing. Previous research has failed to confront
problems regarding the quality of water and the government’s method of allocating water, because
Canada’s First Nations are a minority in society even today. Our aim with this research is to
determine the causes of dispute between the Tsuu T’ina Nation and the Canadian Government and
to determine how to better manage the water rights of the Tsuu T’ina Nation and all Canadian First
Nations. By speaking to government representatives and Tsuu T’ina members, and by gathering facts
from these groups, we hope to develop a greater understanding of the water allocation and what is
being done. Ultimately, we would like to collect a water sample from the Tsuu T’ina reserve to
compare it with and contrast it to water standards in Alberta. In order to compare Albertan water
quality standards to the Tsuu T’ina Nation’s standards, we will look at temperature levels, dissolved
oxygen levels, pH levels, nutrients present, toxins, turbidity, bacteria, visual surveys, biological
sampling as well as good organism indicators. Overall, our research addresses the importance of
acknowledging the problems relating to the Tsuu T’ina Nation’s water allocation and quality, and
how the water itself can be brought up to standards that are available to Calgary residents. The First
Nations were resident in Canada long before anybody else, and they should be provided with equal
rights to water and water management.
Abstract Number: 10
Country: Colombia
School: Collegio Claustro Moderno
Team name: Zarauz
Category: Education
Abstract:
Colombia can count, among its many riches, with two oceans and several lakes and rivers that feed
our vast country. Claustro Moderno is no stranger to this blessing. Having a water birth of its own,
the school has been able to provide water not only to the people, plants and animals that coexist
there, but also to deprived communities nearby. Nevertheless, unfavourable situations such as
inequality, social problematics, and lack of strategy in the administration of environmental programs
throughout the years have made our country’s water conditions really vulnerable. Water
management, control and treatment for consumption in our country is in alert.
It is imperative to propose strategies that promote solidarity and social development in order to
implement viable solutions to overcome such situation. As students we want to start by our school,
our Claustro Moderno community. We will work on the construction of an environmental education
project based on monitoring and technical training for students, staff and parents in the school water
use and treatment as well as in the production of natural and artificial filters. In addition, we will lead
campaigns to encourage the community to take advantage of the many benefits brought by the
water born in our school, and also to raise awareness on the terrible consequences of water misuse
and waste.
Abstract Number: 11
Country: Denmark
School: Eisbjerghus Efterskole
Team name: Eisbjerghus International School
Category: Education
Participants:
Lotte Fabrin
Valdemar Birk
Marcus Hald
Emil Justesen
Isabel Nielsen
Sofia Torrado
Bogantes
Abstract:
Handling surface water
There is a growing environmental problem in Denmark. The sewer systems in most areas have to
take in both the waste water and the surface water from the heavy rainfalls that we are
experiencing. The sewer system floods when there is too much rain in a short period of time, like we
have experienced several times over the past few years. We want to address this issue by finding out
what is already being done nationally and locally and map out what the individual household can do
to manage the surface water and prevent flooding. How much will it take to implement some of the
newly invented technologies and methods to avoid that the enormous amounts of excess surface
during heavy rainfalls flood the sewer system. How much can be done by the individual household as
well as in local communities? Will awareness raising campaigns have any effect?
We shall test the surface water to tell whether it is harmful to let it all into the streams without being
cleaned first - or whether there are areas that pollutes the surface water so much that it is better to
let it into the sewer systems where it will eventually be cleaned before being let out into nature
again.
Abstract Number: 12
Country: Denmark
School: Langkaer Gymnasium
Team name: Langkaer
Participants:
Sidsel Bjørg
Jensen
Cecilie Fahlberg
Dahlgaard
Alexander
Schandorff
Kristensen
Casper Kristian
Laurse
Maria Hojstrand
Pedersen
Abstract:
Water in the city is often considered a problem that needs to be solved, especially when the
summer’s cloudbursts creates big flooding. The urban areas experience big challenges regarding rain
and the runoff, because the sewage system does not have the capacity for the large amount of water
that the torrential rain periods cause. At the same time water is a very important condition for life,
and for many animals and plants in the city, during dry periods.
That is why water basins and village ponds, that can retain the rainwater, are important initiatives
when you want to create better living conditions in the city, partly because it gives the city an
opportunity to have a broad collection of animal and plant species we normally would not find in the
city, and partly as recreational areas for people.
The purpose of our project is to find a way to use the extra amount of rainwater, which periodically
hits the urban areas as a result of global climate change, in a positive way. We would like to see how
the collection of rainwater can contribute to increasing the biodiversity in the central part of the city.
We will do this by creating and studying a village pond at Langkaer STX/HF/IB World School. Here we
will look at how we can create new habitats for animals and plants, thus increasing the biological
diversity.
Abstract Number: 13
Country: Denmark
School: Vordingborg Gymnasium
Team name: Vordingborg Gymnasium
Participants:
Anne-Mette
Appel
Christiansen
Isabel Birgitte
Cramer
Camilla
Timmermann
Krogh
Andrea Refshoj
Skaaning
Abstract:
Drinking clean water from the tap at home comes as a natural thing, no matter where you live in
Denmark. However, this is not the cause everywhere in the world. We want to investigate the quality
of drinking water in Denmark, and discuss reasons to why it is this clean. It relates partly to our clean
groundwater, and how we protect and take advantage of this privilege. Can we keep it this way and
how is that possible? Maybe there are ways to make it even better.
To research Danish groundwater, we are going to investigate which kind of tests, that are done at the
water treatment, works. In case of polluted water, we want to find out which minimal criteria water
must grant to be acceptable as drinking water.
In Denmark there are regulations on reducing risks of groundwater pollution. We want to find out
what they are, and analyse their importance in maintaining clean water. We realize that there are
political aspects to this issue, and we want to investigate these by interviewing experts in our local
community.
Abstract Number: 14a + b
Country: France
School: Institution St. Joseph
Team name: Saint Joseph
Participants:
Grégory Dantin
Margot Baillet
Maureen Martin
Charlène
Coquisart
Céline Preux
Abstract:
The impact of human activity on the rivers water quality of our town, Vervins (Picardie, France).
First of all, it is relevant to say that human activity can have a quite important impact on the rivers
water quality, even more particularly as far as the low-yielding rivers water is concerned. In order to
estimate this effect, we will not only focus on the biodiversity of macro-invertebrates but also on the
diversity of some micro-organisms called diatoms. These observations will be presented along with
various physicochemical measurements (i.e. temperature, PH readings, dissolved dioxygen, current
speed, turbidity, conductivity and so on…).
These scientific facts as well as the water sampling will be carried out on both upstream and
downstream rivers in our town. A third river which is known for the exceptional quality of its water
will also be studied as a basis for comparison.
We can assume that the biodiversity in the downstream part of the town will be lower. Where
appropriate and on the basis of these studies, the identification of the species which disappear – or,
on the contrary, whose population abnormally grows – together with physicochemical
measurements should enable us to determine the potential source of pollution.
This process ultimately aims at making our citizens aware of the impact of their activities and helping
them understand the importance of preserving a significant biodiversity.
Abstract Number: 15
Country: Germany
School: Dillmann Gymnasium
Team name: Dillmann Natural Science Team
Participants:
Mrs. Giuseppino
Tim-Dominik Gómez
Franziska Orth
Abstract:
Quality Check of Tap Water in Stuttgart / Germany and Implications for the Water Infrastructure
System in the Southwestern state of Baden - Württemberg
In Germany it is common to use tap water for drinking and cooking purposes. People put trust in its
quality thanks to the high-level treatment facilities in our country. But is the water really clean or is it
affected by the water pipeline system?
In this project the students will analyze the quality of the water supplied in Stuttgart in Southwest
Germany and compare it to the original water from its source at the Bodensee in South Germany. We
want to follow the steps taken to treat lake water with its source in the Alps to drinking water quality
level and how treatment plants in Germany, especially in Baden-Württemberg, operate.
Consequently we look into what criteria are applied to control drinking water quality and if the
quality is impacted on a chemical level by the transport within the pipeline system.
Abstract Number: 16
Country: Germany
School: Dillmann Gymnasium
Team name: Dillmann Social Science Team
Category: Stewardship and Policy
Participants:
Luca Braig
Joshua Lindhauer
Abstract:
Challenges and Chances of Privatization of Water Based on the Local Experiences in Stuttgart /
Germany
In Germany we consider universal access to fresh water of a high quality a common right and trust
our governmental entities to control and supervise quality and distribution. Accordingly
considerations of positive and negative aspects of the privatization of water were only of a
theoretical matter and usually met with lesser interest. This changed radically when our city
Stuttgart, the capital of the Southwestern state of Baden – Württemberg in Germany, leased its
water supply system as well as distribution rights to the privately owned company EnBW in 2002.
Based on the lessons learned in Stuttgart we want to analyse our own local experience with
privatization of water, but also plan to widen the perspective of our project to a more global context
of natural resources, political and economic circumstances as well as social issues to find out what
role privatization could play for water supply in the future.
Abstract Number: 17
Country: Germany
School: Gymnasium Alsdorf
Team name: Gymnasium Alsdorf 1
Participants:
Julian Luka
Yannik Preim
David
Wesolowski
Abstract:
Nitrate-phytoremediation by Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinths)
Sewage from agriculture enters groundwater and increases nitrate concentration in drinking water.
This is an enormous environmental problem not only for the ecosystem but also for humans.
Particularly in rural areas drinking water is increasingly polluted with nitrates. Since scientific studies
already point out that tropical floating plant Eicchornia crassipes have the ability to decrease nitrate
contamination, the question was raised whether it might have a positive effect on freshwater in
moderate climates, too. These experiments are performed in cooperation with the University of
Technology RWTH Aachen. We determine how much the tropical floating plant Eicchornia crassipes
can reduce the nitrate concentration in tab-water. The nitrate uptake capacity depends on the water
temperature.
Abstract Number: 18
Country: Germany
School: Gymnasium Alsdorf
Team name: Gymnasium Alsdorf 2
Category: Education
Abstract:
How much water do we “eat”? Virtual water consumption of students in Germany Our Going Green
Team of the “Gymnasium der Stadt Alsdorf” (Grammar School) quantifies the virtual water
consumption of students when only eating a typical German breakfast.
We present the first study of the water consumption of students at our school. Before calculations
can be done, a “typical German breakfast” needs to be identified. Our Going Green Team started the
survey on what a typical German breakfast contains by creating a questionnaire for all students of
our school. The evaluations show that depending on age and gender food preference and amount
varies a lot. The alarming amount of virtual water consumption will be analysed and diagrammed.
The main purpose of this project is to create awareness and understand social responsibility. The
impact our consumption can have on the environment is revealed in a few examples and can be
taken for further studies or for education in school.
Abstract Number: 19
Country: Indonesia
School: CYS
Participants:
Monika Raharti, Patricia Tiara Puspitasari
Abstract:
Water Recreation of Cikapundung River in Bandung City
Cikapundung River is one of the water supply sources for Bandung City, it flows from the north to the
south of the city. Over the years the environment of the river had been decreasing in the context of
the water quality and the urban problem. Recently at the beginning of 2016, the major of Bandung
City launched the new face of the river, as well as the river bank. A water recreation has been
developed in the form a park, namely Cikapundung Park.
This project is aiming at finding out possible active participation of surrounding community and
government facilitation required in assisting the sustainability of Cikapundung Park.
We develop survey protocols to collect information and opinions not only from people who lived
around the river, but also several communities from various age in Bandung City, as well as from
authorities of the city, academics, and researchers. At the end of the project, recommendation will
be sent to the major of Bandung City as the initiator of the park.
Abstract Number: 20
Country: Italy
School: Liceo Scientifico Carlo Cattaneo
Team name: Water Keepers
Participants:
Paola Sperone
Andrea
Simona Giannetti Torredimare
Giulia Vaccaro
Abstract:
How can we check and safeguard the quality of waters of river Po?
Considering the importance of the river Po for our city, it seemed interesting to us to go and
investigate, with our research team, in which ways the relevant authorities take charge of the control
and monitoring of the water quality. We will be going with biologists of ARPA (Agenzia Regionale per
la Protezione Ambientale/Regional Agency of Environmental Protection) to collect the Po water and
samples of its organisms, in three different stations and in different seasons, in and near Turin to
recognise and study macrobenthos, macrophytes and diatoms, indicator species of the water quality.
The purpose is also to understand how the samples have to be analysed and in which way the
collected data have to be integrated and processed with specific software to obtain a result in terms
of water quality evaluation, according to the European Water Framework Directive (WFD) dated
from the end of 2000.
Abstract Number: 21
Country: Italy
School: Liceo Scientifico Carlo Cattaneo
Team name: Water in & for Turin
Participants:
Angela
Saccuzzo
Elisa Actis
Sara Romano
Bessim Said
Abstract:
The River Po: a natural precious resource of water for the City of Turin.
Turin, the city where we live, lies on the river Po that not only constitutes a characteristic element of
the city landscape, but is also a real primary source for what is one of the most precious natural
resources, water.
From the Po, in fact, a meaningful (17%) percentage of the water that is purified and converted into
drinkable water originates, distributed to the city population by the SMAT (Società Metropolitana
dell’Acqua di Torino - Metropolitan Company of Waters Turin) through the net of the town aqueduct.
Furthermore, the Po furnishes a relevant quantity of water for industrial and agricultural uses in the
upstream and downstream areas of the city; to the Po, after appropriate treatment, the wastewaters
(grey and black) return, used by the same city and by different industries.
Finally, in the city stretch, the water of the Po is used for sporting activities and relaxation (canoeing,
fishing, tourist navigation on the boats Valentino and Valentina).
These are the reasons why one research team will be looking into the necessary treatments to obtain
drinkable water, into the engineering and technology of SMAT’s (Società Metropolitana Acque
Torino/ Metropolitan Company of Waters in Turin) plant and its research laboratories.
Abstract Number: 22
Country: Japan
School: Makuhari Senior High School
Team name: Shibumaku
Category: Education
Participants:
Chinae
Higashiura
Saki Kawai
Minami
Yamamoto
Abstract:
Decreasing Water Usage and Preventing water contamination in the Japanese Household
Japan is one country that is blessed with an ample water supply that everybody has access to.
However, because it is so abundant, people are more prone to wasting it. This is why we aim to
reduce the amount of water wasted, and to minimize the amount we use. In addition, the number of
contaminants that can be removed from wastewater is limited, so we also aim to keep the water we
discharge as clean as possible. To fulfil our aims, we will research and verify ways in which
households can reduce water usage and prevent water contamination.
We would also like to investigate effective means to educate the public about methods of conserving
water and preventing its contamination. Because individuals are limited in what they can do, it is
necessary to impart the knowledge to give people the tools to reconsider water problems.
Although these may be small things, we believe that if each individual contributes in their own way
to solving the problem, we can conserve water so that it is safe for the generations to come.
Abstract Number: 23
Country: Japan
School: Shibuya Senior High School
Team name: Omizuinochi
Participants: Nahoko Sahara
Noa Kato
Ayumi Sudo
Sakuko
Sugawara
Airi Tamura
Abstract:
Tokyo’s River Management System
Tokyo is the most densely populated city in the world, housing over 13 million
residents, yet, due to its climate and geography, Tokyo is very vulnerable to water disasters.
Therefore, it is important that the city has a reliable water management system that can
tolerate the high fluctuation in precipitation levels. One aspect of this water management
system is the management of rivers to prevent flooding. In our essay, we took a local
approach and focused on how Tokyo manages its rivers, looking at the intricate underground
water management system called “Under Ground Water Palace”, which takes in excess water
from rivers and stores it underground. We began our research from the history of water
disasters and water management systems that were developed for its prevention. We then
visited the “Underground Water Palace” as it is one of the most recent developments to be
made for the prevention of floods and analysed the benefits that was gained through the
implementation of this system, and also its shortcomings such as the high financial costs. Our
group aims to compare this metropolitan river management system with the systems in other
countries as well, by contemplating the conditions for its success and speculating if the cities
meet them.
Abstract Number: 24
Country: Japan
School: Shibuya Senior High School
Team name: Shibuya^2
Participants:
Naho Okimoto
Yuri Takahashi
Abstract:
Japan has had an abundant amount of water and its advanced water system allows the citizens to
have hot and cold water 24/7. However, it is said the water system, which is a major lifeline, will stop
running after a cataclysmic earthquake. Until roads can be cleared for help to arrive, it is up to these
citizens to get safe water supplies for themselves.
However, this is not such an easy case. It was proven in the 3/11 Eastern Japan Earthquake how
difficult it can be just to get the needed amount of water for each family. Thus, we would like to
propose a plan to install solar power generated flash distillation systems in evacuation shelters.
We will apply the chemical engineering process of vacuum flashing to the resources available after an
earthquake in evacuation shelters. Vacuum flashing is the heating of a liquid that, upon release to
low air pressure generated by a vacuum pump, undergoes considerable vaporization (flashing).
Sustainable means of creating a vacuum environment will be a significant aspect of our plan, and our
primary objective is to productively accumulate condensed water and preserve the heat necessary
for simultaneous flash vaporization.
Abstract Number: 25
Country: The Netherlands
School: d’Oultremontcollege
Team name: Vera and Janneke
Participants:
Patrick van Kempen
Vera de Vries
Janneke Wind
Abstract:
The gauging of pumps
The Netherlands is partially below sea level and is therefore very sensitive to flooding. If there’s a
period with much rain, the water level in the ditches will rise. If this water isn’t pumped into the
river, the land around the ditches can be flooded. The Dutch department of water affairs is in control
of pumping water from the ditches into the rivers, by doing this they prevent the land from being
flooded. Commissioned by the Dutch department of water affairs we’re going to measure whether
the pumps actually pump the same amount of water into the river, as they should according to the
suppliers. We’re going to gauge these pumps which means we’re going to compare our
measurements to the amount of water that should be pumped into the river according to the
suppliers of the pumps. The month when most rain falls (January), when the water level is at its
highest, we’re going to measure the water that’s being pumped into the river. In this month we’ll be
able to pump different amounts of water into the river without the ditches running out of water.
We’re going to measure this with equipment supplied by the Dutch department of water affairs from
one of their boats.
Abstract Number: 26
Team name: Sabine and Nicolai
Participants:
Bernard Klerks
Sabine Humble
Nicolai Maratchouk
Abstract:
Once every hundred years an extremely big storm rages through Holland. This storm causes almost
all of the rivers to flood. One of those rivers is ‘de Maas’ and its canals. When it is storming like this,
the water will rise to the point where an important industrial area (Groenewoud), next to the
d’Oultremontcollege, will be flooded.
To stop this from happening the city council needs to store the water somewhere. The goal is to
make a beautiful design for a park where the city can store not only the excessive water from the big
storm but from other storms as well.
This park is a place where people can learn about the value of water in a playful way. It will be
suitable for all ages. This park is a place where biodiversity will gradually increase and a place where
people and animals can have fun with water.
Abstract Number: 27
Team name: Benthe and Judith
Participants:
Harry Wijgerse
Benthe Heessels
Judith Lousberg
Abstract:
In the Netherlands we have a lot to do with water. For many centuries we have been threatened by
flooding danger. In the last few years we have developed several technologies to protect our country
against floods. That is why we have dikes and the so-called Deltawerken. With that system we
created a whole new province. Also we have a lot of effluent treatment plants that give us the ability
to have a lot of clean drinking water. The purpose of the Dutch water management is to make sure
that we maintain dry feet, whilst having sufficient and clean drinking water.
Unfortunately, The Netherlands have less experience in the field of water management, especially
when it comes to rainwater. Often, the water runs straight into the sewer, where it is mixed with
wastewater, prior to entering into the effluent treatment plant. Of course, this is a waste of water
and energy. In addition there tends to be more violently rainwater, as a result of global warming,
while at the same time sea level rises, of polar ice melting.
Much area in the country is paved, which ensures fast transport of water into the sewer. As a result
of this, the sewer system reaches the limits of the amount of water it can handle, which in turn may
cause flooding of local areas.
Also the city of ‘s Hertogenbosch is confronted with rainwater issues, caused by urbanization. After a
sever shower, a lot of water remains on the streets. In addition there is little space for plants, due to
a high part of paved areas.
The municipal authorities of the city are in need of advice on how to restructure the city in order to
make better use of rain water, having nature in mind. Firstly, we will investigate possibilities for
capturing rainwater. We’ll also search for unnecessary pavement. After this we will review which
methods may be applied in ‘s Hertogenbosch.
We will conclude with reporting our findings back to the authorities consisting out of a map from the
new décor.
Abstract Number: 28
School: Maurick College
Team name: Room for the river
Participants: Sjors van de Greef, Bart Streefkerk, Marguerita Alting von Geusau, Joris Kolsters, Jurren
van Melis and Eva Scholten
Abstract:
Due to climate change rivers have to carry more water in the direction of the North Sea. Heavier
more inconsistent rains and the melting of glaciers in Central Europe are the main causes for this
surplus in water in the Netherlands. Sea level rise makes it hard for our rivers to get rid of all this
water. Action is necessary.
The goal of the Dutch Room for the River Program is to give the river more room to be able to
manage higher water levels. At more than 30 locations, measures will be taken that give the river
space to flood safely. Moreover, the measures will be designed in such a way that they improve the
quality of the immediate surroundings. The Room for the River program will be completed by
approximately 2015.
We want to take the students into the direct environment of the school and let them investigate
which measures can be taken to create more room for the river and what the effects would be. Or if
measures already have been taken, let them explain why they were taken and which effects these
measures have.
Abstract Number: 29
Team name: Team Dutch seashore ecosystem
Participants: John van Heeswijk, Annabel Burg, Emma Cuppen, Chantal van Duin
Abstract:
Importance of Dutch Seashore Ecosystem for Migrating Birds
Worldwide billions of birds leave their breeding grounds every autumn to migrate to areas with
seasonally more favorable conditions. Many of these migrants travel only over a few hundred
kilometers but others cover distances equivalent to the circumference of the earth.
Just as impressive as the numbers of birds are their achievements. They have to cope with the
enormous energetic cost of long-distance flying, particularly while crossing oceans and deserts that
do not allow replenishment of depleted fat reserves. They have to appropriately time the onset and
end of migrations, both on daily and annual basis. And finally, they have to orient their migratory
movements in space to reach their species- or population-specific wintering and breeding grounds.
Among these long-distance migrants are several species that invade the Dutch seashore area as a
stopover every autumn and spring. They look for food and move on a few days or weeks later.
In this research project we will look for the food that these birds are looking for. What is the amount
of living organisms in soil and what type of birds are looking for them. What does the number of
living organisms in this seashore area tell us in what kind of condition this ecosystem is? Are these
sources of food enough for the number of migration birds that will visit this place every year?
Abstract Number: 30
Team name: Team Blue Energy
Participants: Drewes van der Laag, Daan van Gisbergen, Renske Pijnenburg, Koen Rocour and Eva
Stark
Abstract:
Blue Energy is a new way to generate power from the mixing of fresh and salt water. More specific,
any solution with different anion and cation concentrations can be used, but in order to the lack of
resources, the mixing of fresh and salt water is the most profitable solution until now.
Moreover, the natural abundance of fresh water near salt water can be used as a benefit in this new
way of generating power.
Nowadays some different methods are applied in order to generate Blue Energy. Within this abstract
only one way will be described: Reversed Electrodialysis (RED). In this specific way of generating
power, two different kinds of membranes are used in order to create a transport of positive and
negative charges.
A cationic membrane is used alternately with an anionic membrane. This causes the positive ions to
move in one direction and the negative ions in the opposite direction. Therefore there will be a
charge at outside of the cell containing the membranes. When these charges get in contact with an
electrolyte, a redox reaction will be the result. When the two sides of the cell are connected with a
metal wire, an electric current will be the result because of the electron transport through the wire.
Earlier the influence of the ion types and the number of membranes has been investigated. Within
the scope of the 2016 research, the influence of the membrane surface will be determined.
Abstract Number: 31
School: Odulphus Lyceum
Team name: Team 1
Participants:
Niels Hesselberth
Marion Janssen
Abstract:
The conference we want to attend is called ‘Water is Life’; yet most of the themes discussed here
deal with how water can be problematic instead of how water can actually embody life. With this in
mind we set out to find a way where water can contribute to our future. One of the most demanding
issues we are facing in modern society is the shortage of energy sources. We think that water can be
a solution to this problem by using heavy water (deuteriumoxide) and super heavy water
(tritiumoxide).
This way of generating clean energy was already discovered a few years ago; the nuclear fusion of
deuterium and tritium. These are two different hydrogen atoms that, when fused, release a lot of
energy. The source is enormous, because water is everywhere around us. The only problem is getting
the energy out of the atoms and into the power outlets in your house.
DIFFER is an institute in Eindhoven, the Netherlands which is mainly focused on finding new, cleaner
sources of energy to save our environment. This includes the production of the nuclear fusion energy
with deuterium. DIFFER is also part of an international project that is focused on setting up a nuclear
fusion reactor in southern France. This reactor goes by the name of ITER, the build of this enormous
reactor is an international project of which DIFFER is one of the major participants .
The main purpose of our research project is to find out if the nuclear fusion of deuterium can be the
cleanest and most profitable energy source yet as well as a permanent replacement for our current
energy resources. We would like to find out whether or not this type of energy could be produced in
the Netherlands and if it has an economic rentability.
Water is energy and energy is life.
Abstract Number: 32
School: Odulphus Lyceum
Team name: Team 2
Participants:
Niels Hesselberth
Marion Janssen
Abstract:
In the Netherlands, we often complain when we get caught in a downpour, but what if we could take
advantage of these showers and use the amount of water in a sustainable way? The shortage of
clean and durable energy is the number one growing problem in the world. The demand of energy is
continuously growing, while we are running out of fossil fuels. So how can we use rain to be a source
of energy?
The energy containing a single rain drop is high because of the potential energy in the altitude. We
could use this potential energy to make electricity and therefore, light! How could we make this
possible? Perhaps by putting a waterwheel in the drainpipe? We could use the potential height
energy by transforming it to kinetic energy and, by using a dynamo of an ordinary bike, make electric
energy out of our downpours. This will make an inconvenience into a useful energy source.
Another way of efficiently using our drainage system is to clean the water which comes through it. In
this way, the water does not have to be transported to a water treatment plant and it can be used
directly at home. Relatively clean rain water will not get mixed with sewage and this means a more
efficient way of treating wastewater and using the rainfall around the house.
In our research we hope to find a more efficient way of using rainwater in and around house. We
want to try to tackle the energy problem where it is created and want to find a more sustainable way
as to how we use our rainwater.
Abstract Number: 33
Country: Poland
School: Kopernik Lyceum
Team name: Kopernik
Category: Education
Participants:
Halina
Glenc-Pyka
Katarzyna
RomaniukDemanchaux
Wiktor
Gawlowicz
Julia Nogly
Ewelina
Przegendza
Julia Szweda
Abstract:
WHAT’S UP IN YOUR TAP?
The main task of our project is to gather and analyse research materials on the suitability of tap
water, coming from our water supply, to be consumed. Moreover, we will also try to question the
widely-held belief that tap water is less healthy than bottled water.
The object of our interest will mainly be the bodies of water in Rybnik and its surrounding area,
which we draw our water from. This water is subject to special chemical processes before finding its
way to our taps.
We will compare the results of our research with the research results obtained by some institutions
dealing with water and its suitability to be drunk, for example, The Water and Sewage Company in
Rybnik.
We have become interested in this topic because of the prevailing stereotype of tap water being
unhealthy or even harmful that still exists among many Polish people.
If our hypothesis that cheaper, commonly available and not aggravating the environment tap water
is just as good as bottled water is confirmed, we will conduct an information campaign among our
students and local community.
We will also try to encourage the local inhabitants to drink tap water and thereby reduce the
consumption of plastic bottles, contributing to the improvement of our local and national
environment.
Abstract Number: 34
Country: Singapore
School: Raffles Institution
Team name: Team Raffles 1
Participant: Grace Lim, Sijie Tan, Regina Vanda
Abstract:
Investigation of Fruit Peels as Green Roof Filter
This paper investigated the efficacy of fruit peel powder in removing undesirable anions from green
roof runoff and controlling the acidity of runoff in order to determine its suitability as a green roof
filter material. Among the peels selected based on their abundance and studied biosorptive
properties, orange and banana showed the capacity for anionic absorption. This capacity is generally
proportional to mass of peel used: orange peel is estimated to absorb 14.4±5.4 ppm/g of NO3- while
banana peel absorbs 98.8±49.2 ppm/g of SO42-. However, the absorption capacity varies with
repeated interaction with runoff. From this study, banana peel was the most favourable material for
long-term use as a green roof filter as it was able to absorb NO3- and SO42- after repeated
interaction with water. All peels were also able to improve the acidic pH of runoff across all soaking
assays.
Abstract Number: 35
Country: Singapore
Team Name: Team Raffles 2
Category: Education
Participant: Grace Lim , Sijie Tan, Yap Ming Cheng
Abstract:
ABC Waters Project: Teaching pre-school children about water conservation issues through designing
and conducting a learning trail at Bishan-Ang Mo Kio Park
As we step into Singapore’s jubilee year, our water resources are ever more precious. Of the two
water agreements signed with Malaysia in 1961, one water agreement has expired in 2011, with the
other expiring in 2061. The scarcity of water has sparked this project, which aims to educate
preschoolers on Singapore’s precious water resource and biodiversity and bring to their attention the
need for water conservation, to achieve the objective of continued education on water sustainability
and conservation for our community.
Abstract Number: 36
Country: Singapore
Team Name: Team Raffles 3
Participants: Grace Lim , Sijie Tan ,Chan Shu Ting, Rachel
Abstract:
Cultivation of marine microbes for discovering bioactive compounds
The historical paradigm of the ocean being a biological desert has evolved. With increasing isolation
of novel strains and bioactive compounds from the ocean, the marine environment has proven to
have as rich a biodiversity as a rainforest. Despite covering approximately 70% of the Earth’s surface,
the world’s marine environments are still unexplored and under-explored making the opportunity to
find novel and valuable microorganisms vast and exciting. In light of the increasing number of health
problems caused by drug- resistant bacteria, there is an urgent need for newer and more effective
antimicrobial agents. With synthetic drugs functioning as poor substitutes of natural products,
bioactive compounds synthesized by microbes are of keen interest since they function as basic
structures, which may then be manipulated into drugs. In this study, we explored the method of in
situ cultivation that allows microbes to grow inside an incubation device while making use of
chemicals and growth factors from its natural environment. Through in situ cultivation, we were able
to recover a total of 42 strains. These 42 strains were subsequently tested for potential activity
against four clinical isolates (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from blood,
Klebsiella pneumoniae (K.pneumoniae), Escherichia coli (E.coli) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(P.aeruginosa)) in an antimicrobial assay. Strains that showed strong activity against these clinical
isolates had their DNA extracted and sequenced. These strains were found to belong to the genus
Pseudomonas , Enhydrobacter and Cohaesibacter . Interestingly, MI 3 was the only strain that
exhibited activity against Klebsiella pneumonia (K.pneumoniae). 16s rDNA identification also
revealed that MI 3 has 95.02 % similarity with Azoarcus sp. NSC3(T).
Abstract Number: 37
Country: Singapore
School: River Valley High School
Team name: River Valley High Team 1
Participants: David Hui Han, Toh Jaslyn Ru Ting, Chen Jing Yuan Chng, Bernice Si Min Lim, Priscilla Tan
Abstract:
“Investigation of Biotopes”
Singapore faces several geographical limitations, one of which is the small land area. With the rapid
urbanization in this small city, Singapore faces the issue of transport pollution and that of limited
natural freshwater resources. Additionally, Singapore receives abundant precipitation especially
during the monsoon seasons, namely during the wet phase of the Northeast monsoon (between the
months of December and January) and during the Southwest monsoon season (between the months
of June and September). In order to fully utilize the storm-water collected, cleansing biotopes are
introduced for the natural treatment of water. The cleansing biotope is a natural water treatment
concept that utilises carefully selected plants for absorption of excess nutrients in water and
differentiated soil layers as a filter medium. They offer effective water treatment while maintaining a
natural and beautiful environment.
Our research project aims to examine the characteristics and properties of a cleansing biotope, and
to understand its working principle in maintaining water quality at our local parks – such as the
Jurong Eco-Garden, where a cleansing biotope is already in place and is being studied for its water
quality maintenance and conservation properties. Our project will focus on finding the key factors
behind effective cleansing biotope design that can improve the quality of surface runoff before they
are emptied into the lakes and reservoirs. Our long term vision is that effective application of
cleansing biotopes can contribute to the overall quality of water collected and lead to a reduction in
energy and manpower resources used for conventional water treatment procedures.
Abstract Number: 38
Country: Singapore
School: River Valley High School
Team name: River Valley High Team 2
Participants: Sok Jane Chee, Chan Tze Cheng Tricia, Linda Lin, Ng Ying Yi Jewel, Andrea Tan Li Yao
Abstract:
Singapore receives approximately 2340mm of rainfall per annum, well above the global average of
990mm. Yet as a country, Singapore is challenged with water issues. As a city-state on a small island,
home to millions of inhabitants, Singapore has the dual problem of limited space for water
harvesting and storage, and an increasing demand for water from the growing population. In order to
secure sustainable sources of water, Singapore has relied upon innovative solutions through the
“Four National Taps” which comprises of local catchment water, imported water, desalinated water
and NEWater, a technology used to convert used water to drinking water. In addition, Singapore
emphasizes on water conservation of demand for water through implementation of water efficient
devices and encouraging good water saving habits.
In line with Singapore’s national agenda, this research project aims to explore ways to optimise the
usage of potable water in a bid to alleviate the strains imposed on the national resource.
The study will focus on identifying water consumption patterns and attitudes towards water
conservation, and henceforth design feasible solutions. The project will include: (1) assessing the
current water usage through water audit in order to identify water usage patterns, (2) ascertaining
areas which require improvements, and (3) formulating responses to tackle these areas of
improvement through a. educating the student population, b. possible enhancement of the toilet
facilities, and c. examine the possibility of using rainwater harvesting to complement the usage of
non-potable water in the school premises. With over 360 of them, schools form a significant
influence in promoting sustainable water usage in Singapore. Having the intention to impact future
water utilisation in the city state positively, we hope that the outcome of our project may be
transferrable to the other educational institutions, or encourage other students to come up with
similar strategies for saving water and optimal use of water. The issue of water sustainability and
water security is a domestic concern, and at large, a global responsibility. Our project foresees that a
concerted effort by all is imperative to complement innovative research with large-scale planning.
Abstract Number: 39
Country: South Africa
School: St. Andrews College / Diocesan school for girls
Team name: SAC / DSG
Participants:
Jacques
Pienaar
Matthew Owen
Annabelle
Schaefer
Kelly Landon
James
Macgregor
Jessica
Rushmere
Abstract:
The effects of a “100 YEAR DROUGHT” and the way out of it……
An exploration of local socio-ecological changes and agency development as an result of a national
drought. South Africa is experiencing the worst drought since records started in 1904. The drought is
magnifying existing issues within the South African landscape. The 60% of South African citizens living
in poverty will struggle to afford food when prices increase as a result of a poor harvest during the
drought. Poor municipal management allows valuable water to be wasted through leaking
infrastructure, or polluted by badly managed sewage, further developing tensions which already exist
between the public and government departments over limited resources. Differences in attitudes
toward natural resources create frustration and friction among the "everyday" South Africans who
use and might lose the benefits they bring.
What are the socio-ecological changes in the life of an average South African as a result of water
scarcity, are they aware of it, and what can they, or we, do about it?
Abstract Number: 40
Country: South Africa
School: Hatfield Christian School and Woodhill College
Team name: Phoebe and Lara
Participants:
Cathy
Marneweck
Lara Marneweck
Phoebe Dredge
Jordan Ralph
Jarod Swart
Abstract:
The implications of urbanization on the state and health of a river system and its downstream
environment in a semi-arid region of South Africa
Our hypothesis is that the health and habitat integrity of a river will change as a result of different
use of land along its length.
The Moreletta River, arises within the city in which we live, Pretoria. It flows through urban and farm
land, has a large dam on it, and becomes one of the most important floodplain systems in the
northern part of South Africa. We will investigate how the use of land affects the health and habitat
integrity of the river system along its length. We will map the river and divide it into sections based
on dominant use of land, habitat and channel type. At representative sample sites we will
investigate:
-River health: using a simplified scoring system for invertebrates – MiniSASS; and by recordings of
certain abiotic factors such as total dissolved solids.
-Habitat Integrity: using a simplified index that considers changes to instream and riparian habitats
and the presence of exotic water plants; and recordings of local use of land impacts such as
sedimentation and erosion.
The data will be analysed and presented as a simplified River-Reach- Analysis showing the health and
habitat integrity status along the length of the river in relation to the surrounding use of land. The
results could be used to help raise awareness as to how to better manage our local rivers which are
our lifelines in our semi-arid country, South Africa.
Abstract Number: 41
Country: Spain
School: Collegi Mare de Deu del Carmen
Team name: Young Scientist
Category: Education
Participants:
Meritxell Berruezo Marina Garcia
Carla Marquez
Josep Maria
Rubio
Abstract:
Bottled water or tap water? Consumption patterns, beliefs and organoleptic evaluations of
teenagers, their parents and teachers in Terrassa (Catalonia, Spain)
Despite the huge controls that water for human consumption must overcome, water hardness or
traces of potentially toxic components, either released from the container or as a by-product of the
chlorination process, have been associated with a higher risk of some diseases. Due to the fact that
there are different types of water for consumption (tap water, tap water filtered with osmosis, tap
water filtered with active carbon and bottled water), we hypothesize that the diversity of available
drinkable waters might be associated with a different range of exposure to the aforementioned
pollutants.
Therefore, our study will analyse the different types of water to demonstrate that their composition
is not the same. Objective chemical composition appears not to be the main reason for choosing the
origin of water we drink, but subjective criteria. The main objective of our study is to understand
people’s patterns, beliefs and organoleptic appreciations when choosing the water they drink.
This study ultimately intends to raise more educated consumers willing to take objective decisions
concerning their health.
Abstract Number: 42
Country: Spain
School: Collegi Mare de Deu del Carmen
Team name: Lake Power
Participants:
Alba Gonzalez
Dirk Hofland
Ana Moranta
Maria Rodriguez
Ferran Rubio
Abstract:
The water eutrophication: not just a problem in Catalonia but a global one. Studying this process and
searching solutions.
Water eutrophication is not only a local problem: lakes, rivers and oceans of all around the world are
suffering, as a consequence of human activity, a constant supply of phosphor and nitrogen from
fertilizers and detergents. We want to stress this remarkable problem in our planet, not only to
ecosystems but to humans as well.
Reducing eutrophication should be a key priority when considering future water policy. Preventive
and corrective measures shall be studied and considered. In this context, our project is aimed at
study the eutrophication process: its causes, consequences and possible solutions. We hypothesize
that the growth of bog plants captures phosphor and nitrogen from water. Therefore, our
investigation will be focused in crafting and monitoring four different eutrophic ponds and studying
the purification effect of bog plants (four different species) growing on them.
Abstract Number: 43
Country: Spain
School: Jesuit Association Spain
Team name: Bellvitge
Category: Education
Participants:
Pere Valls
Lin Chen
Carlos Martin
Jiménez
Ainhoa Martinez
Gutiérrez
Lidia Ponce
Serrano
Abstract:
Jesuïtes Bellvitge - Joan XXIII is working on a multidiscipline technical project whose objectives are:




The collection of rainwater that falls on the school roof
Storage of the above in a tank at ground level
To raise the water using a pump powered by photovoltaic solar energy
To use this water flow in the school sanitation system
We have defined four areas of work:




Civil Engineering: the assessment of how the water can be collected; the needs of the
consumer; the running system and the storage and elevation.
Economic-Ecological study of the filtering and maintenance of a deposit of rainwater without
any chemical treatment. This will involve the design and maintenance of a macroscopic filter
system using a nano-membrane. We will also evaluate whether we can save on chemicals by
not using the public network.
Electro-Mechanical Engineering: A project involving a system of photovoltaic solar panels
located on the roof of the building which should provide the energy for the water pump. This
includes developing the lightweight structure anchor plates and measuring the area needed
for the machinery and pumps (water elevation and water cycles).
Economics: A study of the costs of the project and the possibilities of obtaining grants and
subsidies. A study of the savings made by the decrease in consumption of drinking water in
order to recuperate the installation costs.
Weather: How often does it rain? How much rain can fall at one time?
Architecture: What is the area of the school roof? How can the water be filtered and stored without
chemical additives?
Pumping and raising water
Power supply for pumping water from solar panels
Abstract Number: 44
Country: Thailand
School: Mahidol Wittayanusorn School
Team name: MWITS_Team 1
Participants: Sorachai
Annop
Sae-Lim
Tantayanon
Jirat
Temsangsukmanee
Thanayuth
Assawawinyadet
Abstract:
Paper-Based Sensor for Preliminary Screening of Lead in Industrial Wastewater
Nowadays, several heavy metals have been continuously used in industries especially lead (II) ion is
the most harmful metal in Thailand. People nearby industrial area have risk of serious human
disorders due to lead contamination in consumed water. The objective of this research is to develop
an inexpensive and portable testing device, paper-based sensor, for rapid determination of lead (II)
level in wastewater. In this paper-based sensor, dithizone ligand was used as a colorimetric agent for
lead (II) detection. The principle of this paper-based sensor is reaction between lead (II) ion and
dithizone to produce a distinct red colored complex on our proposed sensor which can be clearly
observed by naked eye. After that, lead (II) concentration was quantified from color intensity of
product images using a scanner coupled with image processing software. Moreover, various
colorimetric conditions in the lead (II) quantitation were investigated including dithizone
concentration, pH, reaction time, and metal interference. This study found that paper-based sensor
can detect lead (II) concentration in the range of 10-100 µg/mL. The optimal condition are using
NaOH 0.1 M at pH 13, dithizone 2.5 mM, and 5 minutes of reaction time. Finally, we have
successfully tested sensor for lead (II) determination in wastewater samples with acceptable
correlation with the standard method using inductively coupled plasma optical emission
spectrometry (ICP-OES) with 5% error acceptance.
Abstract Number: 45
Country: Thailand
School: Mahidol Wittayanusorn School
Team name: MWITS_Team 2
Participants: Rattapong
Supakit
Umpriwan
Wattanarungsan
Thampon
Sukhasem
Abstract:
Preparation of Ag modified ZnO composites and their photocatalytic activity
Zinc oxide (ZnO) has attracted wide interest because of its good photocatalytic activity, high stability,
antibacterial property and non-toxicity. The objective of this research is to study the photocatalytic
activity of Ag doped ZnO for degradation of methylene blue dye in aqueous solution under visible
light irradiation. The project has studied the effect of Ag dopant concentrations (5, 10, 25, 50 mmol)
on the preparation of Ag doped ZnO synthesized via a sample precipitation method using zinc oxide
and silver nitrate as precursors and sodium hydroxide as a precipitating agent. The prepared samples
were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The degradation of methylene blue (1.0x10-5 M) dye
in aqueous solution was evaluated under visible light irradiation. The results indicated that the
powdered of 50 mmol Ag dopant and pH=10 were highest photocatalytic efficiency.
Abstract Number: 46
Country: USA
School: Detroit Country Day School
Team name: Detroit Country Day
Participants:
Marc Drougel
Patricia Hanlan
Arnav Mahajan
Revanth Manam
Aniket Paharia
Abstract:
In the Great Lakes region of the United States there is an abundance of freshwater, but due to the
constant threat of pollution, the safety and quality of the water requires constant monitoring. Algal
blooms of cyanobacteria and microcystis species are one of the most prominent threats to the water
supply. In 2014, the water supply to the city of Toledo, Ohio was disrupted because of high level of
toxins (cyanotoxins, microcystin) from a Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) in Lake Erie.
To combat this, a new copper-based product, Earthtec from Earth Science Laboratories in Arkansas,
will be tested on algae colonies. One possible drawback of the product is cell lysis. Cell lysis of the
algae could introduce toxins into the water that will render the water unfit for human consumption.
The objective of this experiment is to test Earthtec to determine the minimum concentration at
which the algae growth is inhibited and at what concentration the product causes cell lysis. Not only
do we hope to find Earthtec to be effective, but also safe.
Abstract Number: 47
Country: USA
School: Manhattan College for Science and Mathematics
Team name: Manhattan College
Participants: Kevin Cherbow, Umit Kenis, Denzel Soriano, Chiandredi Johnson
Abstract:
Geographically speaking, New York City is a unique and dynamic area, most strikingly because of its
situation at the confluence of a large and complex estuarine system. Unfortunately, these waters
carry with them a host of pollutants which adversely affect aquatic creatures and humans alike. Our
research took a three-tiered approach to the study of water pollution and its impacts on the
Randall's Island Park in New York City. It began at the molecular level with analysis of the pollutants
themselves--researchers tested their concentrations from water samples. Our research then worked
upwards to the organismal level, where researchers measured the health of an oyster garden, as
oysters are key in maintaining water cleanliness in Randall's Island Park. Lastly, this research was
incorporated into the scale of the ecosystem as a whole; researchers collected aquatic fauna in
several biodiversity surveys, to further explore the greater implications of pollution in New York City.
Abstract Number: 48
Country: Zimbabwe
School: Arundel School
Team name: Arundel
Participants:
Patience
Ndimutseyi
Mwaita
Bonyongwe
Tariro Moyo
Ruvarashe
Muguti
Picture of the maturation pond at Arundel
Abstract:
Grey water is wastewater from bathroom sinks, showers and kitchens. Arundel School set up a
system in which grey water is treated by passing it through a series of filters. The recycled
wastewater will be used to irrigate the school grounds and to slowly restore ground water supplies.
The greywater treatment system uses gravity flow of wastewater and minimizes pumping. The
treatment system consists of a water intake designed to create a mixture of wastewater generated
from the kitchen and laundry. The wastewater intake works is fitted with screens to remove
suspended solids mostly from the kitchen effluent stream. After the intake works, there is an
anaerobic holding tank that is followed by two filters packed with charcoal and sand. These two
filters drain into a constructed wetland with plants for phytoremediation. From the constructed
wetland, the effluent drains into a maturation pond from which the effluent will be pumped for
recycling. Arundel School constructed the effluent storage/ maturation pond with the intention to
reuse the water for irrigating the school grounds. Many Zimbabwean wastewater treatment
systems pollute water sources but the Arundel pond encourages biodiversity and further disinfects
the effluent by use of solar. Our project aims to test the efficiency of the greywater treatment
process. This will be done by testing environmental (water) parameters for three weeks. The
parameters assessed are COD, BOD, Total Nitrates, Total Phosphates and faecal coliforms.
Temperature and pH will also be assessed as these affect bio-chemical reactions during wastewater
treatment.

Book of Abstracts - Water is Life The Local Approach

Transcription

Similar documents

Sure-Win Dip

waiver guidelines jakarta incident

South Asians - Institute of South Asian Studies

Updates on Results of CMBS

Mooncake Order Form 2015 - Conrad Hotels and Resorts

BIO-C3 - Bonus

Itai - Resume - Working Doc

PowerPoint template - TWA Corporate - GENERIC

Ezra News 4 - Ezra Holdings Limited

PDF - Challenge Online

11 June 2013 - Singapore National Olympic Council

Forging strong bilateral ties with the Royal Malaysian Customs

Flavours of - Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Water Convention advanCe Programme

Going Solo - A Guide for Single Mothers

Changing climate, changing biodiversity in South-East Europe

Conference Program (PDF-Adobe Acrobat files)