JASIC

Transcription

JASIC

http://www.jasic.org/e/07_wp29/pdf/19th_Expert_Meeting_e.pdf
http://www.jasic.org/e/07_wp29/5_asia.htm (svi kongresi)
Mutual Recognition of Approvals
(MRA) under the 1958 Agreement
E. Saito / JASIC
JAPAN AUTOMOBILE STANDARDS INTERNATIONALIZATION CENTER
http://www.jasic.org
Contents
1. Organization of WP29
2. The Idea of 1958 Agreement
3. The Rights and Duties of the
Contracting parties to the 1958
Agreement
4. MRA (Mutual Recognition of
Approvals)
1. Organization of WP29
Outline of WP29
Established on June 1952
“Working party of experts on technical requirement of vehicle “
IN 2000 WP29 became the “world forum for
Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations
Main provisions
*Increase vehicle’s safety
*Remove trade barriers through mutual recognition
Aimed of activities
*Improving vehicle safety
*Protection of the environment
*Promoting energy efficiency
*Anti-theft performance
WP29 : World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations
TERMS OF REFERENCE OF WP.29
Initiate and pursue actions aiming at the harmonization or
development of technical regulations or amendments to such
regulations
-Foster the reciprocal recognition of approvals, certificates and
periodical technical inspections among Contracting Parties
-Serve as the specialized technical body for the relevant
Agreements established under the auspices of UN-ECE
-Foster world-wide participation in its activities by encouraging
cooperation and collaboration with countries not yet participating
in WP.29 activities
-Encourage all its participants to apply or adopt into their law
world-wide harmonized technical regulations
Agreement under WP29
World Forum for Harmonization
of Vehicle Regulations
(UN/ECE/WP29)
Administrativ
e committee
Vote
Activity
1958
Agreement
1998
Agreement
1997
Agreement
WP29/AC1
WP29/AC3
WP29/AC4
Two-thirds majority
unanimous agreement
Two-thirds majority
Establish and develop
of ECE regulation
Contents
• Technical
requirement
• Certification process
• COP
OUTPUT
ECE regulation
of gtr (global technical
regulation)
of Inspection item
•Technical
requirement
Global technical
regulation (gtr)
Rule
Organization
• Administrative committee for coordination(AC2)
• 6 working parties of experts
Active safety
Lighting and light-signaling devices (GRE)
Braking and running gear (GRRF)
Passive safety (GRSP)
Environmental protection
Pollution and energy (GRPE)
Noise (GRB)
General safety (GRSG)
UN Organization
U N / General Assembly
ECOSOC
Economic and Social Council
ECE
ESCAP
Economic Commission for Europe
E. C. for Asia & the Pacific
ITC
Inland Transport Committee
WP29
World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations
GRB
GRPE
G R E GRRF
GRSG
AC1,AC2
AC3,AC4
GRSP
Organization 2
UN/ECE/WP29
GRPE
Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Vehicle (gtr)
WHDC (gtr)
WMTC (gtr)
WWH-OCE (gtr)
WLTP (gtr)
Non-Road Mobile Machinery (NRMM) (gtr)
Gas Fuel Vehicle (GFV)
Fuel Quality
Environment Friendly Vehicle (EFV)
GRB
ASEP (Additional Sound Emission Provisions)
Motor cycle noise (ECE R41)
GRSG
R46 Rear view mirror
R66 Strength of the superstructure
GRRF
Tyre (gtr)
Electronic Vehicle Stability Control
GRE
operating voltage issues
Head restraint (gtr)
GRSP
R29 Cabs of commercial vehicles
R44 CRS
R94 Frontal collision
R100 Battery Electric Vehicles
WP29 participation
• Open to all UN Member States
• Regional Economic Integration Organizations
(EC)
– Governments and Technical services
• Inter-Governmental Organizations
• Non-Governmental Organizations
– ISO, Road Users, Vehicle and part Manufacturers,
Consumers ...
for
e
e
f
NO
on
i
t
a
p
i
partic
Process for accession to the 1958
agreement
Regional economy
All UN Member states
Instrument of accession
Ex) from Prime minister
UN Secretary-General (In New York)
After 60 days
New contracting party shall enter into force
Process for adoption of ECE regulations
ECE reg.
ECE No.1, ECE No.2, ECE No.3, ECE No.4,
ECE No.5, ECE No.6, ECE No.7
ECE No.126
Contracting party in the 1958
agreement can choose ECE regulation!
ECE
No.10
ECE
No.2
ECE
No.7
ECE
No.13
ECE
No.20
ECE
No.100
ECE
No.XX
Any time notify to apply ECE reg.
UN Secretary-General (In New York)
After 60 days
Notify enter into force
All Contracting party
Your country adopt ECE reg.
Contracting Parties
1958 Agreement (48)
1998 Agreement (28)
Germany, France, Italy, Netherlands,
Sweden, Belgium, Hungary, Czech
Republic, Spain, Serbia, United
Kingdom, Austria, Luxembourg,
Switzerland, Norway, Finland, Denmark,
Romania, Poland, Portugal, Russian
Federation, Greece, Ireland, Croatia,
Slovenia, Slovakia, Belarus, Estonia,
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Latvia,
Bulgaria, Lithuania, Turkey, Azerbaijan,
Republic of Macedonia, EU, Japan,
Australia, Ukraine, South Africa, New
Zealand, Cyprus, Malta, Korea, Malaysia,
Thailand, Montenegro, Tunisia
USA, Canada, Japan,
France,United Kingdom,
EU, Germany, Russian
Federation, China,
Korea, Italy, South
Africa, Finland,
Hungary, Turkey,
Slovakia, New Zealand,
Netherlands, Spain,
Azerbaijan,Romania,
Sweden, Norway,
Cyprus, Malta, Malaysia,
Tunisia, Australia
2. The Idea of 1958 Agreement
Principal Elements of the 1958 Agreement-(1)
From WP29 BlueBook
Members of the UN-ECE, as well as other members of the United Nations and
Regional Economic Integration Organizations that participate in UNECE
activities, are eligible to become Contracting Parties to the 1958 Agreement.
The 1958 Agreement seeks to establish Regulations for wheeled vehicles,
equipment and parts which can be fitted and/or be used on wheeled vehicles, and
conditions for granting type approvals and their reciprocal recognition for use by
Contracting Parties who choose to implement Regulations largely through type
approval.
The Administrative Committee of the 1958 Agreement (AC.1) is composed of
all the Contracting Parties to the 1958 Agreement. The Administrative
Committee oversees the process of developing and amending Regulations and
adopts the Regulations or amendments to the Regulations once they are
developed.
The Agreement does not preclude those countries whose rules and regulations
are implemented through self-certification (manufacturer’s certification) from
becoming Contracting Parties, and it recognizes self-certification as an
alternative to type approval.
Principal Elements of the 1958 Agreement-(2)
From WP29 BlueBook
Under the Agreement, new Regulations and amendments to existing
Regulations are established by a vote of two-thirds majority of Contracting
Parties present and voting. The established Regulation is forwarded to the UN
Secretary-General and then notified to each Contracting Party.
The new Regulation or amendment to an existing Regulation enters into force
for all Contracting Parties that have not notified the Secretary-General of their
objection within six months after the notification, unless more than one-third of
the Contracting Parties so object. If more than one-third of the Contracting
Parties object, the Regulation or amendment does not enter into force for any
Contracting Party.
Regulations under the 1958 Agreement are required to include technical
requirements and alternative requirements as appropriate; test methods by
which performance requirements are to be demonstrated; the conditions for
granting type approvals and their reciprocal recognition, including markings
and conditions for ensuring conformity of production; and the date on which
the Regulation enters into force.
Principal Elements of 1958 Agreement-(3)
From WP29 BlueBook
A Contracting Party that has adopted an UN-ECE Regulation annexed to the
Agreement is allowed to grant type approvals for motor vehicle equipment and
parts covered by that Regulation and is required to accept the type approval of
any other Contracting Party that has adopted the same Regulation.
The Agreement also permits a Contracting Party, upon notice, to begin
applying a Regulation after it has been annexed to the Agreement or to cease
application of a Regulation that it has been applying. In the latter case the
Contracting Party is required to notify the UN Secretary-General of its decision
one year in advance.
Contracting Parties granting type approvals are required to have the technical
competence to grant the approvals and the competence to ensure conformity of
production(COP). Each Contracting Party applying the Regulation through
type approval may refuse the approvals if the above-mentioned requirement is
not met.
Approval Authority and Technical Service
(defined in the document ECE/TRANS/WP29/1059)
“Approval Authority” means the authority of a Contracting Party
with competence for all aspects of the approval of wheeled
vehicles, equipments and parts, for issuing and, if appropriate,
withdrawing approval certificates, for acting as the contact
point for the Approval Authorities of other Contracting parties,
for designating the Technical Services and for ensuring that the
manufacturer meets the obligations regarding the conformity of
production.
“Technical Service” means an organization or body designated by
the Approval Authority of a Contracting Party as a testing
laboratory to carry out tests, or as a conformity assessment
body to carry out the initial assessment and other tests or
inspections on behalf of the Approval Authority, it being
possible for the Approval Authority itself to carry out those
functions.
Contents of the 1958 Agreement
Preamble Intention of the amending the Agreement
Article 1 Definitions, establishment and implementation of ECE Regulations
Article 2 Idea and condition of Mutual Recognition of Type Approval
Article 3 Conformity to the requirements of a regulation approved
Article 4 The case where non-conformity was communicated
Article 5 What the CP has to do in the case of Article 4
Article 6 The eligibility of the CP to the 1958 Agreement
Article 7 The effect of the amended Agreement
Article 8 The right to denounce the 1958 Agreement
Article 9 Accession and denunciation to/from the 1958 Agreement
Article 10 The process to solve disputes among the CPs
Article 11 Protection for the new CPs from the case under Article 10
Article 12 Procedure of amendment to the Regulation
Article 13 The procedure to amend this Agreement
Article 14 What the UN/Secretary-General have to notify to the CPs
Article 15 The treatment for the case under the unamended Agreement
Appendix 1
COMPOSITION AND RULES OF PROCEDURE OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE
COMMITTEE
Appendix 2
CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION PROCEDURES
Elements of 1958 Agreement
1. Application of the ECE Regulations under the type approval
system (Article 1 paras.1, 7-8)
2. Development/Amendment of Regulation for wheeled vehicle,
equipment or parts (Article 1 paras. 2-4, Article 6 paras. 1-2,
Article 12 paras. 1-3, Appendix 1)
3. Technical Requirements and Test Methods (Article 1 para.2)
4. Conditions for granting type approval and their mutual
recognition including approval markings and (Article 1, paras. 56, Article 2, Article 3, Article 4, Article 5)
5. Conditions for ensuring conformity of production (COP)
(Appendix 2)
Elements of 1958 Agreement -1
1. Application of the ECE Regulations
Under Type Approval System
Type Approval pursuant to a Regulation means…
-An administrative procedure by the authorities of
Contracting Party
-the Authority declares that a vehicle or part submitted by
the manufacturer meets the requirements of the given
Regulation after carrying out the required test
-then the manufacturer certifies that each vehicle or part on
the market were produced to be identical with the approved
product
Elements of 1958 Agreement -1(cont’d)
1. Application of the ECE Regulations
Under Type Approval System
Alternative procedure for applying the Regulation
-There could be various administrative procedures alternative to
type approval
-Self-certification is generally known and applied as an alternative
procedure applied in certain Member States of ECE.
Self-certification:
The manufacturer certifies, without any preliminary administrative
control, that each product put on the market conforms to the
given Regulation; the competent administrative authorities may
verify by random sampling on the market that the self-certified
products comply with the requirements of the given Regulation.
2. Technical Requirements and Test Methods
(extract from Article 1 para.2)
The Regulation shall cover the following:
(a) Wheeled vehicles, equipment or parts concerned;
(b) Technical requirements, which if necessary may
include alternatives;
(c) Test methods by which any performance
requirements are to be demonstrated;
(d) Conditions for granting type approval and their
reciprocal recognition including any approval markings
and conditions for ensuring conformity of production.
(e) The date(s) on which the Regulation enters into force.
3. Development/Amendment of Regulation for wheeled vehicle,
equipment or parts
1) Establishment of new regulation
When a Regulation is established (Article1, para.2)
-The Administrative Committee (A.C.1) communicates it to the Secretary-General
of the United Nations.
-Then the Secretary-General notify the Regulation to the Contracting Parties.
The Regulation will be considered as adopted
-unless more than one-third of the Contracting Parties inform the SecretaryGeneral of their disagreement within six months after the notification
When a Regulation has been adopted (Article 1, para.3)
-The Secretary-General notify all the Contracting Parties
-At the notification, it is specified which Contracting Parties have objected and
that the Regulation shall not enter into force to that Contracting Party
The adopted Regulation shall enter into force (Article 1, para.4)
-On the date(s) specified as a Regulation for all Contracting Parties for all
Contracting Parties which did not oppose to the Regulation.
Elements of 1958 Agreement -3 (Cont’d)
3. Development/Amendment of Regulation for wheeled
vehicle, equipment or parts
2) Amendment of the existing regulation
(Article 12, para.2)
An amendment to a Regulation is considered and adopted -unless more than
one-third of the Contracting Parties applying that Regulation inform the
Secretary-General of their disagreement with the amendment within six
months from the notification
If the Secretary-General has not received declarations of disagreement of
more than one-third of the Contracting Parties applying the Regulation, the
Secretary-General declares the amendment as adopted and binding upon
those Contracting Parties applying the Regulation who did not declare
themselves opposed to it.
When at least one-fifth of the Contracting Parties applying the
unamended Regulation declare that they wish to continue to apply the
unamended Regulation
-the unamended Regulation will be regarded as an alternative to the amended
Regulation
See the following page
-it will be incorporated formally as such into the Regulation with effect from
the date of adoption of the amendment or its entry into force
2) Amendment of the existing regulation
(Article 12, para.1)
•Idea of alternatives within the existing regulations
-Where necessary, an amendment may include the existing requirements as an
alternative
-Contracting Parties specify which alternatives within the Regulation they apply.
-Contracting Parties applying alternative(s)
do not have to accept approvals to preceding alternative(s)
-Contracting Parties applying only the latest version of the regulation
do not have to accept approvals to preceding amendments or to unamended
Regulations.
-Contracting Parties applying an earlier series of amendments or the unamended
Regulation shall accept approvals granted to a later amendment series.
When an amendment to a regulation is established
-The Administrative Committee (A.C.1) communicates it to the Secretary-General of the
United Nations.
-Then the Secretary-General notify the Regulation to the Contracting Parties applying the
Regulation
3) Voting procedure
To establish a new regulation (Appendix 1, Article5)
-Proposed new Regulations shall be put to the vote.
-Each country, Contracting Party to the Agreement
shall have one vote
-A quorum consisting of not less than half of the Contracting Parties
is required
*the regional economic integration organizations, being Contracting
Parties to the Agreement, vote with the number of votes of their
Member States
-New Draft Regulation is established by a two-thirds majority of
those present and voting
3) Voting procedure
To establish an amendment to the existing regulations
(Appendix 1, Article 6)
-Proposed amendments to Regulations shall be put to the vote
-Each country, Contracting Party to the Agreement applying the
Regulation shall have one vote
-A quorum of not less than half of the Contracting Parties applying
the Regulation is required
*the regional economic integration organizations, being Contracting
Parties to the Agreement, vote with the number of votes of their Member
States
-Draft Amendments to Regulations shall be established
by a two-thirds majority of those present and voting
4. Conditions for granting type approval and their mutual
recognition including approval markings
Each Contracting Party applying Regulations largely through
type approval shall grant the type approvals and approval
markings described in any Regulation for the types of wheeled
vehicles, equipment or parts covered by the Regulation, provided
that it has the technical competence and is satisfied with the
arrangements for ensuring conformity of the product with the
approved type as set out in Appendix 2. Each Contracting Party
applying a Regulation through type approval shall refuse the type
approvals and approval markings covered by the Regulation if
the above-mentioned conditions are not complied with.
(Article 2)
5. Conditions for ensuring conformity of production (COP)
Appendix 2
Initial assessment
–
ISO 9002 or equivalent accreditation standard
Conformity of production
–
The existence of adequate arrangements and documented
control plans
–
para 2.3. Requirements for the holder of the approval
–
para 2.4. Requirements for the authority
Conformity of Production (COP) Procedures
stated in the Appendix 2 of the 1958 Agreement
1.Initial Assessment <before granting type approval>
ISO9002
ISO9002or
or
relevant
relevant
accreditation
accreditation
Administrative Authority
existence of satisfactory arrangements and
procedures for ensuring effective control
so that vehicles, equipment or parts when
in production conform to the approved type
An approval authority of
another Contracting Party
to the Agreement
Manufacturer
specified in Appendix 2 of the 1958 Agreement
2.Conformity of Production Procedures <after granting type approval>
Manufacturer (holder of the approval)
At every
inspection
Where the level of
control appears
unsatisfactory
Test
Testrecords
recordsand
and
production
records
production records
Inspector
Select samples and
send them to technical
service to be checked
Select
samples at
random to be
tested
Where the nature of
the test is appropriate
Responsibility among all stake holders
Manufactures
Applicant
ECE regulations
(System or components)
Application
documents
Government
Technical
service
Initial
Assessment
for applicant
Certification
Tests
Certificate
Report
Assembly
COP
Whole vehicle
Application
documents
Initial
Assessment
for applicant
Certification
Tests
Assembly
Certificate
COP
COC
Registration
Report
Responsibility of each organization on
certification system
Approval Authority= government for vehicle
Issuing approval certification, withdrawing approval
certification, contact point for the approval authorities
of other CP, Designating the technical services,
ensuring that the manufacture meets the obligations
regarding the conformity of production
Technical service
Organization or body designated by the approval
Authority of CP as a testing laboratory to carry out
tests, or as a conformity assessment body to carry out
the initial assessment as other test or inspections on
behalf of the approval authority
Ref. ECE/TRANS/WP29/1059
Qualification of technical service
Approval
Designate
Authority
Category of Technical service
category
Technical service
Standard of
qualification
Mean
Category A
Test performance in own facilities
EN ISO/IEC17025:2005
Category B
Supervision of tests performed in
the manufacture’s facility or in the
facilities of its represent able
Category C
Procedure for the initial
assessment and surveillance audits EN 45012:1998
of the manufacturer's quality
system
Category D
Inspection or testing of production
samples or supervision thereof
3. The Rights and Duties of
the Contracting Parties
to the 1958 Agreement
The Rights and Duties
of the Contracting Parties to the 1958 Agreement - 1
The 1958 Agreement
Regulation making
Rights
Duties
Type approval
Rights
Duties
Rule making: Rights
Participating in the development of UN/ECE
regulations
* Proposing new UN/ECE regulations
* Proposing amendments to the existing UN/ECE
regulations
* Voting
Choosing the UN-ECE regulations to be applied
Ceasing applying regulations
Applying the UN-ECE regulations anytime
Rule making: Duties
-First,
Declaration of the UN/ECE regulations to be
applied
-Second,
<for the already-applied UN/ECE regulations>
Applying the adopted amendments to the
UN/ECE regulation(s) if the CP does not oppose
to the amendment at voting
<for the new UN/ECE regulations>
Applying the adopted new regulation if the CP
does not notify its disagreement at voting
Type approval : Rights
<For the already-applied UN/ECE regulations>
Grant type approvals and approval markings
Advising the competent authorities of nonconformity to the approved types
Prohibit the sale and use in case of nonconformity
Type approval : Duties
<For the already-applied UN/ECE regulations>
Accept the type approval issued by the other
Contracting Party
Confirmation of the COP in granting type
approvals
Taking measures against the non-conformity
to the approved type in receiving information
The process of developing ECE regulations
Government
Organization
Proposal for an amendment to
ECE regulation
Submit
proposal
Secretariat: Preparation of documents
GRSG
GRSP
GRE
GRB
GRRF
GRPE
Proposal for draft amendment
WP29 consideration
Voting by AC1
(adoption by 2/3 majority of Contracting Parties)
Publication amendment ECE
Entry into force in Contracting Parties applying the Reg.
(11 weeks
before WP29)
(3 times a year)
(3 times a year)
6 months
Follow up ECE regulation and WP29
Contracting Party to
the 1958 Agreement
UN/ECE
Attend the meeting
and get new information about
ECE regulation
WP29 and GR
If your country adopted certain ECE
regulation(s)……
Revise the regulation in your
country
Proposal amendment
ECE or new ECE
Preparations for certification
Entry into force
=
Acceptance and publication
of certificate
Start MRA under 1958 Agreement
Entry into force in
your country
Contracting Party to
the 1958 Agreement
UN/ECE
Attend the meeting
and get new information about
ECE regulation
WP29 and GR
Please focus to
this point!
If your country adopted certain ECE
regulation(s)……
Revise the regulation in your
country
Proposal amendment
ECE or new ECE
Preparations for certification
Entry into force
=
Acceptance and publication
of certificate
Start MRA under 1958 Agreement
Entry into force in
your country
Necessary Arrangement for National Law System
Rulemaking system for introducing new ECE or
amendment ECE regulation is necessary!
Example：
[Systematic implementation]
Step.1 Stakeholder public meeting
Step.2 Pre-draft issue
Step.3 Draft issue by official notification
Step.4 Final official notification issue
(with reasonable lead time.)
Prospective harmonization of
regulations for realization of
Mutual Recognition of Approvals
The 1958 Agreement
ECE Regulations
Technical
Requirements
Adoption of
ECE
Regulations
Certification
Procedures
COP
WP29 Activity
gtr under the 1998 Agreement
Realization of Mutual
Recognition of Approvals
under the 1958
Agreement among
Contracting Parties
4. MRA
(Mutual Recognition of
Approvalｓ)
4. MRA (Mutual Recognition of Approvalｓ)
Only the 1958 Agreement has this mandatory
provision.
Vehicle approved in one country is accepted
by the other counties applying the Regulation.
The same applies to vehicle’s parts.
4. MRA (Mutual Recognition of Approvalｓ)
MRA for Vehicle Parts/Systems
This is duty of 1958 Agreement.
A Country
ECER13H brake
approved
in country A
B Country:
Adopted ECER13H
ECER13H brake is
accepted in
country B
C Country:
Adopted ECER13H
‘58 Agreement CP
ECER13H brake is
accepted in
country C
Subject to be considered
for the implementation of type approval system
as a Contracting Party to the 1958 Agreement
Rule Making Process in line with 1958 Agreement
Adoption of ECE Regulations and their implementation
Responsibility among related organization
Participation of ECE/WP29 discussion
Human Resources
Budget
Vehicle type Approval Regulation
Human Resources
Certification System
Administrative body
Qualification system for Applicant and Technical Services
Technical Service
Human resources
Facility
COP
Japan Automobile Standards Internationalization Center
jasic@jasic.org
The 19th Asia Expert Meeting in Malaysia
Vehicle Type Approval System
under 1958 Agreement
6-7 / August / 2009
T. AKIBA / JASIC
JSAE Fellow
JAPAN AUTOMOBILE STANDARDS INTERNATIONALIZATION CENTER
http://www.jasic.org
Contents
1.Type Approval system
2.International Whole Vehicle Type
Approval
3.Vehicle certification system
4.Refarence document
1. Type Approval system
Necessity of Type approval system
Key point
Keeping of safety vehicle and Environmentally Friendly Vehicles in
your country and Mutual Recognition of these vehicles in the world
Products or imports
Application to technical regulation
Certificate
By manufacture
By Technical service
By Government
Safety vehicle and Environmentally Friendly Vehicle
Registration
By User
Drive on Road
By User
The Goal of Vehicle Type approval system under
the 1958 Agreement
Certificate
of
vehicle type
approval
system
Registration
Vehicle type
approval
regulation
•General requirements
•A set of Technical
Requirements for
each Category
Adopted UNECE
regulations
Equipment A (R---)
Equipment B (R---)
Equipment C (R---)
Other Contracting
Parties of the 1958
Agreement
Adopted UNECE
e
h
regulations
t
t
er
nd m e n
u
A
ee
r
R
g
M 8 a A (R---)
Equipment
195
Equipment
B (R---)
Equipment C (R---)
Preparation for Mutual Recognition of Approval
Contracting party of 1958 Agreement
Mutual recognition of Approvals
Development of
vehicle type approvals
Development of
Certification system
UN/ECE WP29 & GRs Meetings
Accession to the UN/ECE 1958 agreement
Subject to be considered
for the implementation of type approval system
as a Contracting Party to the 1958 Agreement
Rule Making Process in line with 1958 Agreement
Adoption of UNECE Regulations and their implementation
Responsibility among related organization
Participation of ECE/WP29 discussion
Human Resources
Budget
Vehicle type Approval Regulation
Human Resources
Certification System
Administrative body
Qualification system for Applicant and Technical Services
Technical Service
Human resources
Facility
COP
2 International Whole Vehicle
Type Approval (IWVTA)
National type Approval (NTA) and Whole vehicle
approval for mutual recognition
MRA
NTA
A country
A country
B country
C country
Certificate of parts and/or system
Lamp
Brake
Seat
steering Reg. Reg.
Reg.
Certificate of parts,
system and Whole
vehicle in the A
country
Market in the A country
Lamp
Brake
Seat
Reg.
Reg.
Reg.
A country
Certificate of Whole vehicle
Market in the
A country
Market in the
B country
Market in the
C country
Concept of MRA
by International Whole Vehicle Type Approval
Regulation
for I W V T A
Certificate of vehicle type
approval system
Registration
•General requirements
•A set of Technical
Requirements for
each Category
Adopted UNECE
regulations
Contracting party
A
country
B
country
C
country
Equipment A (UNECE R---)
Equipment B (UNECE R---)
Equipment C (UNECE R---)
Key Elements
for International Whole Vehicle Type Approval
Category
Weight
Dimension
Vehicle type
Application documents
Test condition
Unique regulation
Schedule of discussion on IWVTA
Establishing the system for mutual recognition
of IWVTA in WP29 in the future
FY 2007-2009
FY 2010-2015
FY 2015-2016
Propose to WP29
*Terms of reference
*Concept of IWVTA
Discussion on 7 key
elements in domestic
meeting
Discussion on IWVTA
in WP29 or informal
group under WP29
Discussion in JASIC G/I Meeting
WP29 will adapt
on IWVTA
Regulation for IWVTA
General requirements
Type, category, Manufacture name, General construction of vehicle ,
mass and dimension, power plant, transmission, Axles, suspension,
steering, brakes, bodywork etc…..
plus
Technical requirements
UNECE regulations
ECE
reg.
ECE
reg.
ECE
reg.
ECE
reg.
ECE
reg.
ECE
reg.
ECE
reg.
ECE
reg.
ECE
reg.
ECE
reg.
ECE
reg.
ECE
reg.
2007/46/EC/
FRAMWORK FOR THE TYPE APPROVAL
Example
CHAPTER I
GENERAL PROVISIONS
CHAPTER II
GENERAL OBLIGATIONS
CHAPTER III
EC TYPE-APPROVAL PROCEDURES
CHAPTER IV
CONDUCT OF EC TYPE-APPROVAL PROCEDURES
CHAPTER V
AMENDMENTS TO EC TYPE-APPROVALS
CHAPTER VI
VALIDITY OF AN EC TYPE-APPROVAL OF VEHICLES
CHAPTER VII
CERTIFICATE OF CONFORMITY AND MARKINGS
CHAPTER VIII
NEW TECHNOLOGIES OR CONCEPTS INCOMPATIBLE WITH SEPARATE
DIRECTIVES
CHAPTER IX
VEHICLES PRODUCED IN SMALL SERIES
CHAPTER X
INDIVIDUAL APPROVALS
CHAPTER XI
REGISTRATION, SALE AND ENTRY INTO SERVICE
CHAPTER XII
SAFEGUARD CLAUSES
CHAPTER XIII
INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS
CHAPTER XIV
PROVISION OF TECHNICAL INFORMATION
CHAPTER XV
IMPLEMENTATION MEASURES AND AMENDMENTS
CHAPTER XVI
DESIGNATION AND NOTIFICATION OF TECHNICAL SERVICES
CHAPTER XVII
FINAL PROVISIONS
Necessary Document for IWVTA
General requirements
0. GENERAL
0.1. Make (trade name of manufacturer):
0.2. Type:
0.2.1. Commercial name(s) (if available):
0.3. Means of identification of type, if marked on the vehicle :
0.3.1. Location of that marking:
0.4. Category of vehicle:
0.4.1. Classification(s) according to the dangerous goods which the vehicle is intended
to transport:
0.5. Name and address of manufacturer:
0.8. Name(s) and address(es) of assembly plant(s):
0.9. Name and address of the manufacturer's representative (if any):
1. GENERAL CONSTRUCTION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VEHICLE
1.1. Photographs and/or drawings of a representative vehicle:
1.3. Number of axles and wheels:
1.3.1. Number and position of axles with twin wheels:
1.3.2. Number and position of steered axles:
1.3.3. Powered axles (number, position, interconnection):
1.4. Chassis (if any) (overall drawing):
1.6. Position and arrangement of the engine:
1.8. Hand of drive: left/right
1.8.1. Vehicle is equipped to be driven in right/left hand traffic
2. MASSES AND DIMENSIONS
2.1. Wheelbase(s) (fully loaded) :
2.4. Range of vehicle dimensions (overall) :
2.6. Mass in running order :
2.7. Minimum mass of the completed vehicle as stated by the manufacturer, in the
case of an incomplete vehicle:
2.8. Technically permissible maximum laden mass stated by the manufacturer
2.9. Technically permissible maximum mass on each axle:
2.10. Technically permissible maximum mass on each axle group:
2.11. Technically permissible maximum towable mass of the motor vehicle in case of
2.12. Technically permissible maximum static vertical load/mass on the vehicle's
coupling point:
2.16. Intended registration/in service maximum permissible masses (optional: where
these values are given, they shall be verified in accordance with the requirements
of Annex IV to Directive 97/27/EC):
3. POWER PLANT
3.1. Manufacturer of the engine:
3.2. Internal combustion engine:
3.3. Electric motor:
3.4. Engine or motor combination:
4. TRANSMISSION
4.2. Type (mechanical, hydraulic, electric, etc.):
4.5. Gearbox:
4.6. Gear ratios:
4.7. Maximum vehicle design speed (in km/h):
4.9. Tachograph: yes/no
5. AXLES
5.1. Description of each axle:
5.2. Make:
5.3. Type:
5.4. Position of retractable axle(s):
5.5. Position of loadable axle(s):
6. SUSPENSION
6.2. Type and design of the suspension of each axle or wheel:
7. STEERING
7.2. Transmission and control:
8. BRAKES
8.5. Anti-lock braking system:yes/no/optional
8.9. Brief description of the braking system according to item 1.6 of the Addendum to
Appendix 1 of Annex IX to Directive 71/320/EEC:
8.11. Particulars of the type(s) of endurance braking system(s):
9. BODYWORK
9.1. Type of bodywork using the codes set out in Part C of Annex II:
9.3. Occupant doors, latches and hinges:
9.9. Devices for indirect vision:
9.10. Interior arrangement:
9.17. Statutory plates:
9.22. Front under-run protection:
9.23. Pedestrian protection:
9.24. Frontal protection systems:
11. CONNECTIONS BETWEEN TOWING VEHICLES AND TRAILERS AND
SEMI-TRAILERS
11.1. Class and type of the coupling device(s) fitted or to be fitted:
11.3. Instructions for attachment of the coupling type to the vehicle and photographs
or drawings of the fixing points at the vehicle as stated by the manufacturer;
additional information, if the use of the coupling type is restricted to certain
variants or versions of the vehicle type:
11.4. Information of the fitting of special towing brackets or mounting plates:
11.5. Type-approval number(s):
12. MISCELLANEOUS
13. SPECIAL PROVISIONS FOR BUSES AND COACHES
13.1. Class of vehicle: Class I/Class II/Class III/Class A/Class B
13.4. Number of passengers (seated)
16. ACCESS TO VEHICLE REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE INFORMATION
16.1. Address of principal website for access to vehicle repair and maintenance information:
Technical requirement
Requirement parts and systems
Certificate of each UNECE
regulation
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Key elements in WVTA
- Vehicle Category Ref. UN/ECE/WP29/RE3
L
Motor cycle
M1
Passenger
vehicle
M2,M3
Bus
N1
Light duty truck
N2, N3
Heavy duty truck
O
Trailer
- Vehicle Weight Ref. 2007/46/EEC
(1) Gross Vehicle Mass (GVM)
(2) Mass of a vehicle in running order
(3) Unladen Vehicle Mass
Vehicle Weight
(dry)
Water Fuel
/Oil 90%
Tools/
(Driver) (Passenger)
Spare
n×68kg+Luggage
tyres
(4) Excess Load/
Pay Load
Gross Vehicle Mass (GVM) = Permissible Vehicle Mass(PVM)
(1) Gross Vehicle Mass (GVM)
Technically permissible maximum laden mass (PVW) designated by manufacturer, and obtained from the weight limitation on tyre, axles,
chassis and body.
*1) For Passenger car, Gross Vehicle Mass (GVM) is including Luggage Mass.
*2) Vehicle Mass is including the weight of Tools and spare tyres.
(2) Mass of a vehicle in running order
Mass of an unladen vehicle with bodywork, and with coupling device in the case of a towing vehicle, or the mass of the chassis with cab if the
manufacturer does not fit the bodywork and/or coupling device, including coolant, oils, 90% of fuel, 100% of other liquids except used waters, tools,
spare wheel, driver (75 kg) and, for buses and coaches, the mass of the crew member (75kg) if there is a crew seat in the vehicle.
(3) Unladen vehicle Mass
Vehicle Weight(dry)(including options) + Maximum capacity of Fluid(Water/Oil) +Fuel(90%) +Tools/Spare tyres
(4) Excess Load Mass/ Pay Mass
Gross Vehicle Mass (Technically permissible maximum laden mass)－Mass in running order －Passenger(excluding driver or crew) Mass
（n×75kg）
M: Excess load should exceed 0kg when mounted with full options and full passenger.
N: Payload is identical with excess load in UNECE/EEC.
Due to taxation differences, however, registered payloads differ among nations.
- Vehicle Dimension Width of spare tire is included
Length
Lamp extrusion is not included
Width
- Vehicle type Type: Consist of vehicles which do not differ in at least the following essential respects:
(Manufacturer’s type designation, chassis/floor pan, Power plant….)
Ref. 2007/46/EEC
Type
chassis/floor pan
A vehicle
B vehicle
Non Frame
Frame
Body style
2 Door
4 Door
power plant
1800
2000
Transmission
Wheel drive
AT
MT
2WD
AT
MT
4WD
Brake
AT
MT
2WD
Wagon
3000
AT
MT
4WD
AT
CVT
AT
CVT
2WD
4WD
2WD
4WD
Hydraulic brake
Number of seat
5
other Power
6
5
6
X
X
X
5
3500
Air brake
6
5
6
X
X
X
8
X
7
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
steering
Sunroof
X
Aluminum
wheel
X
X
aero parts
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
- Test Condition C. Worst case selection
The Approval Authority will normally practice "worse casing",
i.e. they will establish a variant or version specification from
the type specification (which may be a hypothetical variant or
version at the request of the manufacturer) that, when tested,
represents the type to be approved under worst conditions.
The decisions taken along with the justification shall be
recorded in the approval documentation.
Technical requirement for parts /
components /systems
ECE
No.2
ECE reg.
ECE No.1
ECE No.2
ECE No.3
ECE No.4
ECE No.5
ECE No.6
ECE No.7
ECE No.126
ECE
No.5
ECE
No.7
ECE
No.10
You can
choose UNECE
regulation to
be adopted
ECE
No.13
ECE
No.20
ECE
No.90
ECE
No.100
ECE
No.XX
You must
notify to UN
UN Secretary-General
(Notify to UN to Adopt UNECE regulation )
Contracting Party to the
1958 Agreement
UN/ECE
Participate the meeting
Propose your idea
Get new information
WP29 and GR
If your country adopted
UNECE regulation…….
Revise regulation in your
country
Proposal of amendment
to UNECE
or New Proposal
Prepare for certification
Entry into force
=
•Entry into force in your country
•Issue and accept certificate
Start MRA under the 1958 Agreement
List of
UNECE
Regulations
R 1&2 Headlamps
R 3 Reflex Reflectors
R 4 Rear Registration Plate Lamps
R 5 Seald Beam Headlamps
R 6 Direction Indicators
R 7 Front and Rear Position (Side) Lamps, Stop Lamps
and End-Outline Marker
R 8 Halogen Headlamps (H1,H2,H3,HB3,HB4,H7,H8
and/or HIR1)
R 9 Noise (Three-Wheeled Vehicles)
R 10 Radio Interference Suppression
R 11 Door Latches and Hinges
R 12 Steering Mechanism
R 13 Braking
R 13-H Braking (13-H)
R 14 Safety Belt Anchorages
R 15 Exhaust Emission
R 16 Safety Belts
R 17 Seats
R 18 Protection Against Unauthorized Use
R 19 Front Fog Lamps
R 20 Halogen Headlamps (H4)
R 21 Interior Fittings
R 22 Motor Cycles Helmet
R 23 Reversing Lamps
R 24 Diesel Smoke
R 25 Head Restraints
R 26 External Projections
R 27 Warning Triangles
R 28 Audible Warning Devices
R 29 Cab of a Commercial Vehicles
R 30 Pneumatic Tyres (Passenger Vehicle)
R 31 Halogen Seald Beam Headlamps
R 32 Rear-end Collision
R 33 Head-on Collision
R 34 Prevention of Fire Risks
R 35 Arrangement of Foot Controls
R 36 Construction of Public Service Vehicles
R 37 Filament Lamps
R 38 Rear Fog Lamps
R 39 Speedometer
R 40 Exhaust Emission (Motor Cycle)
R 41 Noise (Motor Cycle)
R 42 Front & Rear Protective Devices
R 43 Uniform Provisions Concerning The Approval
Of Safety Glazing Materials
R 44 Child Restraint Systems
R 45 Headlamp Cleaners
R 46 Rear-view Mirrors
R 47 Exhaust Emission (Moped)
R 48 Installation of Lights
R 49 Diesel Emission
R 50 Lights (Moped, Motor Cycle)
R 51 Noise
R 52 Construction of Small Capacity Public Service
Vehicles
R 53 Installation of Lights (Motor Cycle)
R 54 Pneumatic Tyres (Commercial Vehicle)
R 55 Mechanical Coupling
R 56 Headlamps (Moped)
R 57 Headlamps (Motor Cycle)
R 58 Rear Underrun Protection
R 59 Replacement Silencing System
R 60 Driver Operated Controls (Moped, Motor Cycle)
R 61 External Projections (Commercial Vehicle)
R 62 Protection Against Unauthorised Use (Motor Cycle)
R 63 Noise (Moped)
R 64 Temporary Spare Tyres
R 65 Special Warning Lights
R 66 Strength of Super Structure (Large Passenger
Vehicle)
R 67 Specific Equipment of Vehicles Using LPG
R 68 Measurement of the Maximum Speed
R 69 Rear Marking plates for slow-moving vehicles and
their trailers
R 70 Rear Marking Plates for Heavy and Long Vehicles
R 71 Driver’s field of vision (agricultural tractors)
R 72 Halogen Headlamps (HS1 for Motor Cycle)
R 73 Lateral Protection (Goods Vehicle)
R 74 Installation of Lights (Moped)
R 75 Pneumatic Tyres (Moped, Motor Cycle)
R 76 Headlamps (Moped)
R 77 Parking Lamps
R 78 Braking (Category L)
R 79 Steering Equipment
R 80 Seat (Large Passenger Vehicle)
R 81 Rear-view Mirrors (Motor Cycle)
R 82 Halogen Headlamps (HS2 for Moped)
R 83 Gaseous Pollutants
R 84 Measurement of Fuel Consumption
R 85 Measurement of Engine Power
R 86 Installation of lighting and light-signalling
devices (agricultural and forestry tractors)
R 87 Daytime Running Lamps
R 88 Retroreflective Tyres (Motor Cycle)
R 89 Speed Limitation Devices
R
R
R
R
R
90 Replacement Brake Lining Assemblies
91 Side-marker Lamps
92 Replacement Silencing System (Motor Cycle)
93 Front Underrun Protection
94 Protection of the Occupants in the event of a
Frontal Collision
R 95 Protection of the Occupants in the event of a
Lateral Collision
R 96 Emission of pollutants by the engine
(agricultural
and forestry tractors
R 97 Vehicle Alarm Systems
R 98 Gas-Discharge Headlamps
R 99 Gas-Discharge Light Sources
R 100 Battery Electric Vehicles
R 101 Emission of Carbon Dioxide and Fuel
Consumption (Passenger Car)
R 102 A Close-Coupling Device
R 103 Replacement Catalytic Converters
R 104 Retro-reflective Markings for Heavy and Long
Vehicles
R 105 The Carriage of Dangerous Goods with Regard
to their Specific Constructional
R 106 Pneumatic Tyres (Agricultural Vehicles)
R 107 Double-Deck Large Passenger Vehicles with
Regard to their General
R 108 Retreaded Pneumatic Tyres (Motor Vehicle)
R 109 Retreaded Pneumatic Tyres (Commercial
Vehicle)
R 110 Vehicles using CNG
R 111 Rollover stability (Tank vehicles if categories N
and O)
R 112 Headlamps
R 113 Headlamps
R 114 Air bag
R 115 LPG and CNG Retrofits Systems
R 116 Protection Against Unauthorized Use
R 117 Tyres with regard to rolling sound emissions
R 118 Burning behaviour of materials used in the
interior construction
R 119 Cornering lamp
R 120 Measurement of net power *agricultural or
forestry tractors(
R 121 Hand controls, tell-tales and indications
R 122 Heating system
R 123 AFS
R 124 Wheels for Passenger cars
R 125 The forward field of vision
R 126 Partitioning system
Recommended as regulation
necessary for M1 category
47 UNECE regulations
R3, R4, R6, R7, R10, R11, R13H, R14, R16,
R17, R19, R21, R23, R26, R28, R30, R34, R37,
R38, R39, R43, R44, R45, R46, R48, R51, R55,
R64, R77, R79, R83, R85, R89, R91, R94, R95,
R98, R99, R100, R101, R112, R116, R117,
R119, R121, R123, R125
necessary for N1 category
R3, R4, R6, R7, R10, R11, R13/R13H, R14,
R16, R17, R19, R23, R28, R34, R37, R38, R39,
R43, R44, R45, R46, R48, R51, R54, R61, R77,
R79, R83, R85, R89, R91, R95, R98, R99,
R100, R101, R112, R116, R117, R119, R121,
R123
necessary for L category
R3, R7, R9, R10, R28, R37, R39, R40, R41,
R46, R47, R50, R53, R60, R62, R63, R74, R75,
R78, R81, R112, R113
JAMA Proposal
Regulations necessary for
N2, N3, M2, M3 categories
R3, R4, R6, R7, R10, R13, R14, R16, R17, R19,
R23, R28, R37, R38, R39, R43, R44, R45, R46,
R48, R54, R55, R58, R61, R66, R70, R73, R77,
R79, R80, R89, R91, R93, R98, R99, R104,
R110, R112, R115, R117, R119, R121, R123
3. Vehicle Certification System
Technical Service
Approval Authority
Designation
Technical Service
Skill Technical knowledge
Skill of each field of regulation
Experience of test
Technical service/Education for Expert
Engineer (Expert)
Safety
Tyre
Emission
Light
Brake
Glass
nn
o
i
t
o
a
i
t
c
EEdduuca y
TTooooll bby
JJAASSIICC
Noise
EMC
JASIC expert meeting
JICA training course
List of administrative department and
technical
services
(TRANS/WP29/343)
EXAMPLE
Contracting party
E１
GERMANY
E10
SERBIA
E13
LUXEMBOURG
E43
JAPAN
E44
AUSTRALIA
Administrative
department
Technical
service
1 administrative
departments
1 administrative
departments
33 technical
services
2 administrative
departments
1 administrative
departments
4 technical
services
1 technical
service
List of administrative department and
technical services (TRANS/WP29/343)
Example: R11 in Germany
Administrative department
Technical service (7)
Kraftfahrt-Bundesamt
1. DEKRA Automobil Test Center
2. TÜV Automotive GmbH
3.TÜV NORD Mobilität GmbH & Co. KG
4.Typprüfstelle Fahrzeuge/Fahrzeugteile im
Technologiezentrum Verkehrssicherheit der
TÜV Kraftfahrt GmbH
5. Automotive TÜV Technische Überwachung
Hessen GmbH
6.Technologiezentrum/Typprüfstelle der TÜV Pfalz
Verkehrswesen GmbH
7.FAKT GmbH
Responsibility among all stake holders
Manufactures
Applicant
UNECE regulations
(System or components)
Application
documents
Government
Technical
service
Initial
Assessment
for applicant
Certification
Tests
Certificate
Report
Assembly
COP
Whole vehicle
Application
documents
Initial
Assessment
for applicant
Certification
Tests
Assembly
Certificate
COP
COC
Registration
Report
Operation of Vehicle certification
Manufacturer
Ea c
h
Cer
t
(UN ificate
ECE
Reg
.)
Application
Approval Authority
/ Technical Services
Verifying Technical Data
and COP of the car
AApackage
packageof
ofseparate
separate
certificates
according
certificates accordingto
to
UNECE
Regulations
UNECE Regulations
++
General
GeneralInformation
Informationof
of
the
vehicle
the vehicle
Manufacturer
REGISTRATION
Vehicle
VehicleType
Type
Approval
Approval
Certificate
Certificate
Responsibility of each organization on
certification system
Approval Authority= government for vehicle
Issuing approval certification, withdrawing approval
certification, contact point for the approval authorities
of other CP, Designating the technical services,
ensuring that the manufacture meets the obligations
regarding the conformity of production
Technical service
Organization or body designated by the approval
Authority of CP as a testing laboratory to carry out
tests, or as a conformity assessment body to carry out
the initial assessment as other test or inspections on
behalf of the approval authority
Qualification of technical service
Approval
Designate
Authority
Category of Technical service
category
Technical service
Standard of
qualification
Mean
Category A
Test performance in own facilities
Category B
Supervision of tests performed in
the manufacture’s facility or in the
facilities of its represent able
Category C
Procedure for the initial
assessment and surveillance audits EN 45012:1998
of the manufacturer's quality
system
Category D
Inspection or testing of production
samples or supervision thereof
Requirement for initial assessment and COP
specified in Appendix 2 of the 1958 Agreement
1. Initial assessment
ISO 9002 or equivalent accreditation standard
2. Conformity of production
The existence of adequate arrangements and
documented control plans
para 2.3. Requirements for the holder of the
approval
para 2.4. Requirements for the authority
Example COP under 58 agreement
COP is decided by each UNECE regulation
Example from R16(seat belt)
9. CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION
The conformity of production procedures shall comply with those set out in the
Agreement, Appendix 2 (E/ECE/324-E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev.2), with the
following requirements:
9.1. Every vehicle type or safety-belt or restraint system approved under this
Regulation shall be so manufactured as to conform to the type approved by
meeting the requirements set forth in paragraphs 6., 7. and 8. above.
9.2. The minimum requirements for conformity of production control
procedures set forth in Annex 14 to this Regulation shall be complied with.
9.3. The authority which has granted type-approval may at any time verify the
conformity control methods applied in each production facility. The normal
frequency of these verifications shall be twice a year.
4. Reference document
Reference Document for 1958 agreement
ECE/TRANS/WP.29/343
Status of the 1958 Agreement, of the annexed
Regulations and of amendments thereto
TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.1 (R.E.3)
Consolidated Resolution on the Construction
of Vehicles.
-Vehicle category
-Dimension etc
ECE/TRANS/WP.29/1059
Resolving interpretation issues and
requirement for the technical service in the
framework of the 1958 agreement
For Your Reference…
Brochure ”WP29-How it works/How to Join it”
Contents:
History and organization of UN/ECE/WP29
Terms of Reference and Rules of Procedure of WP29
Whole text of
the 1958 Agreement,
the 1997 Agreement,
and the 1998 Agreement
This brochure is available
on the UN/ECE website:
URL http://www.unece.org/trans/main/welcwp29.htm
Future Status of Vehicle Type Approval System
UNECE
Regulations
MRA
IWVTA
Road Map to IWVTA
Target
In Malaysia
Development of IWVTA @ WP29
Contribution
Development of
Vehicle Type Approval System
Completion of adoption Schedule
Adoption of UNECE Regulations
CP of 1958 Agreement
Participation in WP29
2010
2015
Japan Automobile Standards Internationalization Center
jasic@jasic.org
Regulation list for vehicle type approval
Countr MALAYSIA
ECE
No.
Item
3 X REFLEX REFLECTORS
4
REAR REGISTRATION PLATE LAMPS
6 X DIRECTION INDICATORS
7X
10
11
13
13H
14
16
17
19
21
23
26
28
30
34
37
38
39
40
41
43
44
45
46
48
50
51
53
54
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
FRONT AND REAR POSITION(SIDE) LAMPS,
STOP LAMPS AND END-OUTLINE MARKER LAMPS
ELECTROMAGNETIC　COMPATIBILITY
DOOR LATCHES & HINGES
BRAKE (EXCEPT M1,N1)
BRAKE (M1,N１)
SAFETY BELT ANCHORAGES
SAFETY BELTS
SEATS
FRONT FOG LAMPS
INTERIOR FITTINGS
REVERSING LAMPS
EXTERNAL PROJECTIONS
AUDIBLE WARNING DEVICES
PNEUMATIC TYRES (PASSENGER VEHICLE)
PREVENTION OF FIRE RISKS
FILAMENT LAMPS
REAR FOG LAMPS
SPEEDOMETER
EMISSION (MOTORCYCLE)
NOISE (MOTORCYCLE)
SAFETY GLAZING MATERIALS
CHILD RESTRAINT SYSTEMS
HEADLAMPS CLEANERS
REAR-VIEW MIRRORS
INSTALLATION OF LIGHTS
LAMPS FOR MOTORCYCLE
NOISE
LAMPS INSTALLATION FOR MOTORCYCLE
PNEUMATIC TYRES (COMMERCIAL VEHICLE)
Adopted date(year)
Effective date
for new type of
for new
vehicle(year)
vehicle(year)
Approval Authority Technicla Services
remark
ECE
No.
Item
55
MECHANICAL COUPLING
57 X HEAD LAMPS FOR MOTORCYCLE
58 X REAR UNDERRUN PROTECTION
64
TEMPORARY-USE SPARE WHEELS/TYRES
66 X
STRENGTH OF SUPERSTRUCTURE (LARGE
PASSENGER VEHICLE)
69 X
REAR MARKING PLATES FOR SLOW MOVING AND
THEIR TRAILLERS
70 X
REAR MARKING PLATES FOR HEAVY AND LONG
VEHICLES
73
75
77
78
79
80
X LATERAL PROTECTION
X TYRE FOR MOTORCYCLE
PARKING LAMPS
X BRAKE FOR L
STEERING EQUIPMENT
X SEAT (LARGE PASSENGER VEHICLE)
83 X
THE EMISSION OF POLLUTANTS ACCORDING TO
ENGINE FUEL REQUIREMENTS
Adopted date(year)
Effective date
for new type of
for new
vehicle(year)
vehicle(year)
remark
ECE
No.
Item
85
89
91
93 X
MEASUREMENT OF ENGINE POWER
SPEED LIMITATION DEVICES
SIDE-MARKER LAMPS
FRONT UNDERRUN PROTECTION
PROTECTION OF THE OCCUPANTS IN THE EVENT
OF A FRONTAL COLLISION
PROTECTION OF THE OCCUPANTS IN THE EVENT
95
OF A LATERAL COLLISION
98 X GAS-DISCHARGE HEADLAMPS
99 X GAS-DISCHARGE LIGHT SOURCES
100
BATTERY ELECTRIC VEHICLES
94
101
EMISSION OF CARBON DIOXIDE AND FUEL
CONSUMPTION (PASSENGER CAR)
104 X
RETRO-REFLECTIVE MARKINGS FOR HEAVY AND
LONG VEHICLES
107
108
109
112
116
GENERAL CONSTRUCTION
RETREADED TYRES
RETREADED TYRES
HEADLAMPS (WITH AN ASYMMETRICAL PASSING
BEAM)
PROTECTION AGAINST UNAUTHORIZED USE
117
119
121
123
125
X
X
X
X
THE APPROVAL OF TYRES WITH REGARD TO
ROLLING SOUND EMISSIONS
CORNERING LAMPS
THE LOCATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF
HAND CONTROLS, TELL-TALES AND INDICATORS
ADAPTIVE　FRONT－LIGHTING　SYSTEMS
THE FORWARD FIELD OF VISION
Adopted date(year)
Effective date
for new type of
for new
vehicle(year)
vehicle(year)
remark
JASIC
(1/89)
ECE R-48 Lamp Installation
Lighting and light-signalling devices sub committee in JASIC
Teruyoshi Fujita
Aug 2009
Malaysia
JASIC
(2/89)
Introduction of the ECE R-48
JASIC
(3/89)
1. Major Category of ECE Regulations for Vehicle
1. Lamp
2. Mirror
3. Noise
4. Door
5. Steering
6. Brake
7. Seat & Belt & Restraint
8. Theft Protection
9. Exhaust Emission
10. Horn
11. Tyres
12. Collision
13. Fire resistance
14. Construction
15. Meter
16. Glass
17. Fuel
18. Occupant protection
19. Battery
20. Coupling device
JASIC
(4/89)
2. All ECE Regulations List-1
ECE 1*2 Headlamps
ECE 3 Reflex Reflectors
ECE 4 Rear Registration Plate Lamps
ECE 5 Sealed Beam Headlamps
ECE 6 Direction Indicators
ECE 7 Front and Rear Position (Side) Lamps, Stop Lamps and End-Outline Marker Lamps
ECE 8 Halogen Headlamps (H1, H2, H3, HB3, HB4, H7, H8, H9, HIR1, HIR2 and/or H11)
ECE 9 Noise (Three-Wheeled Vehicles)
ECE 10 Radio Interference Suppression
ECE 11 Door Latches and Hinges
ECE 12 Steering Mechanism
ECE 13 Braking
ECE 13-H Braking (M1)
ECE 14 Safety Belt Anchorages
ECE 15 Exhaust Emission
ECE 16 Safety Belts
ECE 17 Seats
ECE 18 Protection Against Unauthorized Use (Locking System)
ECE 19 Front Fog Lamps
ECE 20 Halogen Headlamps (H4)
ECE 21 Interior Fittings
ECE 22 Motor Cycles and Mopeds Helmet
ECE 23 Reversing Lamps
ECE 24 Diesel Smoke
ECE 25 Head Restraints
ECE 26 External Projections
ECE 27 Warning Triangles
ECE 28 Audible Warning Devices
ECE 29 Cab of a Commercial Vehicle
ECE 30 Pneumatic Tyres (Passenger Vehicle)
ECE 31 Halogen Sealed Beam Headlamps
ECE 32 Rear-end Collision
ECE 33 Head-on Collision
ECE 34 Prevention of Fire Risks
ECE 35 Arrangement of Foot Controls
ECE 36 Construction of Public Service Vehicles
ECE 37 Filament Lamps
ECE 38 Rear Fog Lamps
ECE 39 Speedometer
ECE 40 Exhaust Emission (Motor Cycle)
ECE 41 Noise (Motor Cycle)
ECE 42 Front & Rear Protective Devices
ECE 43 Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Safety Glazing Materials
ECE 44
ECE 45
ECE 46
ECE 47
ECE 48
ECE 49
ECE 50
ECE 51
ECE 52
ECE 53
ECE 54
ECE 55
ECE 56
ECE 57
ECE 58
ECE 59
ECE 60
ECE 61
ECE 62
ECE 63
ECE 64
ECE 65
ECE 66
ECE 67
ECE 68
ECE 70
ECE 72
ECE 73
ECE 74
ECE 75
ECE 76
ECE 77
ECE 78
ECE 79
ECE 80
ECE 81
ECE 82
ECE 83
ECE 84
ECE 85
ECE 87
Yellow : Lamp
Child Restraint Systems
Headlamp Cleaners
Rear-View Mirrors
Exhaust Emission (Moped)
Installation of Lights
Diesel Emission
Lights (Moped, Motor Cycle)
Noise
Construction of Small Capacity Public Service Vehicles
Installation of Lights (Motor Cycle)
Pneumatic Tyres (Commercial Vehicle)
Mechanical Coupling
Headlamps (Moped)
Headlamps (Motor Cycle)
Rear Underrun Protection
Replacement Silencing System
Driver Operated Controls (Moped, Motor Cycle)
External Projections (Commercial Vehicle)
Protection Against Unauthorised Use (Motor Cycle)
Noise (Moped)
Temporary-Use Spare Wheels/Tyres
Special Warning Lights
Strength of Super Structure (Large Passenger Vehicle)
Specific Equipment of Vehicles Using LPG
Measurement of the Maximum Speed
Rear Marking Plates for Heavy and Long Vehicles
Halogen Headlamps (HS1 for Motor Cycle)
Lateral Protection (Goods Vehicle)
Installation of Lights (Moped)
Pneumatic Tyres (Moped, Motor Cycle)
Headlamps (Moped)
Parking Lamps
Braking (Category L)R
Steering Equipment
Seat (Large Passenger Vehicle)
Rear-View Mirrors (Motor Cycle)
Halogen Headlamps (HS2 for Moped)
The Emission of Pollutants According to Engine Fuel Requirements
Measurement of Fuel Consumption
Measurement of Engine Power
Daytime Running Lamps
JASIC
(5/89)
3. All ECE Regulations List-2
ECE 88 Retroreflective Tyres (Motor Cycle)
ECE 89 Speed Limitation Devices
ECE 90 Replacement Brake Lining Assemblies and Drum Brake Linings
ECE 91 Side-Marker Lamps
ECE 92 Replacement Silencing System (Motor Cycle)
ECE 93 Front Underrun Protection
ECE 94 Protection of the Occupants in the event of a Frontal Collision
ECE 95 Protection of the Occupants in the event of a Lateral Collision
ECE 97 Vehicle Alarm Systems
ECE 98 Gas-Discharge Headlamps
ECE 99 Gas-Discharge Light Sources
ECE 100 Battery Electric Vehicles
ECE 101 Emission of Carbon Dioxide and Fuel Consumption (Passenger Car)
ECE 102 A Close-Coupling Device
ECE 103 Replacement Catalytic Converters
ECE 104 Retro-Reflective Markings for Heavy and Long Vehicles
ECE 105 The Carriage of Dangerous Goods with Regard to their Specific Constructional Features
ECE 107 Double-Deck Large Passenger Vehicles with Regard to their General Construction
ECE 108 Retreaded Pneumatic Tyres (Motor Vehicle)
ECE 109 Retreaded Pneumatic Tyres (Commercial Vehicle)
ECE 110 Vehicles Using CNG
ECE 111 Rollover Stability (Tank Vehicles if Categories N and O)
ECE 112 Headlamps (with an Asymmetrical Passing Beam)
ECE 113 Headlamps (with a Symmetrical Passing Beam)
ECE 114 Replacement Airbag System
ECE 115 LPG/CNG Retrofit SystemN
ECE 116 Protection Against Unauthorized UseN
ECE 117 The Approval of Tyres with Regard to Rolling Sound EmissionsN
ECE 118 The Burning Behaviour of Materials Used in the Interior Construction of Certain Categories of Motor VehiclesN
ECE 119 Cornering Lamps
ECE 120 Internal combustion engines to be installed in agricultural and forestry tractors and in non-road mobile machinery
ECE 121 Identification of controls, tell-tales and indicators
ECE 122 Heating system of vehicles
ECE 123 Adaptive front-lighting systems (AFS) for motor vehicles
ECE 124 Wheels for passenger cars and their trailers
ECE 125 Forward field of vision
ECE 126 Partitioning systems
ECE RE3 Consolidated Resolution on the Construction of Vehicle
<All Regulations>
Lamps : 37 Items
Others : 85 Items
Total : 122 Items
Lamps & Others
30%
37
Others
Lamps
85
70%
: Marked these rectangles are involved in R-48 Lamp installation
: Yellows are showed Lamp Reg.
JASIC
(6/89)
4. Roles of Lamp
Not only driver but every people need and must know the rules
concerning vehicle indications. Vehicle status e.g. move, stop, turn and
existence are managed by lighting and light signaling devices on vehicle.
-Make communication between the vehicle and other road users (for safety and
avoid accident of other drivers and pedestrians)
-Show the vehicle behavior (existence, move forward-backward and stop, turn right
and left)
-Ensure safety driving at night time for vehicle’s driver and passengers also
pedestrians especially by front lighting systems.
So That
Lightings and Light signaling are defined as a critical safety part in
Laws and Regulations for vehicle.
JASIC
(7/89)
5. Most Reliable Regulation for Lamps
Agreement
Politically
Contract Countries
Regulation
- Less mistake
- Recent technology
- Reasonable provision
- Common in the world
- Living (keeping improvement)
Agree
WP29
1. Experts
of world wide are making new rule and improving
all Reg.
Authorize
Draft
2. Any country
itself
could
not
make
and
keep
maintenance
these Reg.
GRE
Confirmation
GRRF GRB GRPE
3. TheseGRSP
Reg.GRSG
are used byContract
the human
soparticipate
it could be apply into every
countries
and comment in a meeting
country.
Draft
-Lamp Companies
-Test laboratories
-Vehicle makers
-Governments
Improvement
(revising Reg.)
Test results
Expert opinions
New developments
Making rule
(New Reg.)
Technically
Other sub WGs
GTB (Lamp)
JASIC
(8/89)
6. Law and Regulation in our life
Good flight!
Traffic Law and
Manner
Oh! One way
1. Vehicle parts and vehicles must be ensured and proved by ECE
Reg. and passed a certain approval system are
needed
for&our
safe
Safety
&
Clean
Advanced
Help!
and clean
life.
2. And also economic efficiency will be raised up by standardized
parts and vehicles that applied to common ECE-Regulations.
Government Approval
Regular Car Inspection
3. Appropriate local Traffic Rule and Car Inspection system should
be harmonized with ECE Reg.
Design & Production
Manufacturing Part and Vehicle
Vehicle Law and Enforcement
ECE Regulations
Standards
Safety & Environment &
Economy & Recycling
JASIC
(9/89)
7. ECE Reg-48 Lamp installation
All
126
ECE-Reg.
ECE 1*2
Headlamps
All
126
ECE-Reg.
ECE 5 Sealed Beam Headlamps
ECE
33 and
Reflex
Reflectors
ECE
7 Front
Rear Position
(Side) Lamps, Stop Lamps and End-Outline Marker Lamps
ECE
Reflex
Reflectors
ECE
8 Halogen
Headlamps
(H1, H2, H3, HB3,
HB4, H7, H8, H9, HIR1, HIR2 and/or H11)
ECE
4
Rear
Registration
Plate
ECE
4 (Three-Wheeled
Rear Registration
PlateLamps
Lamps
ECE
9 Noise
Vehicles)
ECE
10 Radio
Interference
Suppression
ECE
6
Direction
Indicators
ECE
6 Latches
Direction
ECE
11 Door
and Hinges Indicators
ECE
7
Front
ECE
12 Steering
Mechanism
ECE 7 Frontand
andRear
RearPosition
Position(Side)
(Side)Lamps,
Lamps,
ECE 13 Braking
Stop
Lamps
and
End-Outline
Marker
ECE 13-H Braking Stop
(M1) Lamps and End-Outline MarkerLamps
Lamps
ECE 14 Safety Belt Anchorages
ECE
19
ECE
15 Exhaust
Emission
ECE
19 Front
FrontFog
FogLamps
Lamps
ECE
16
Safety
Belts
ECE
23
ECE
23 Reversing
ReversingLamps
Lamps
ECE
17 Seats
ECE
18 Protection
AgainstFog
Unauthorized
Use (Locking System)
ECE
38
Rear
Lamps
ECE
38 FogRear
ECE
19 Front
Lamps Fog Lamps
ECE
77
Lamps
ECE
20 Halogen
Headlamps
ECE
77 Parking
Parking(H4)
Lamps
ECE 21 Interior Fittings
ECE
87
Daytime
Running
Lamps
ECE
22 Motor
and Mopeds
Helmet
ECE
87Cycles
Daytime
Running
Lamps
ECE
23
Reversing
Lamps
ECE
91
Side-Marker
ECE
24 Diesel
ECE
91Smoke
Side-MarkerLamps
Lamps
ECE
25
Head
Restraints
ECE
98
ECE
98 Gas-Discharge
Gas-DischargeHeadlamps
Headlamps
ECE
26 External
Projections
ECE
27 Warning
Triangles
ECE
104
Retro-Reflective
Markings
ECE
104Warning
Retro-Reflective
Markingsfor
forHeavy
Heavy
ECE
28 Audible
Devices
and
Long
Vehicles
ECE 29 Cab of a Commercial
Vehicle
and Long
Vehicles
ECE 30 Pneumatic Tyres (Passenger Vehicle)
ECE
112
Headlamps
(with
ECE
31 Halogen
Beam Headlamps
ECE
112 Sealed
Headlamps
(withan
anAsymmetrical
Asymmetrical
ECE 32 Rear-end Collision
Passing
Beam)
Passing Beam)
ECE 33 Head-on Collision
ECE
34
Prevention
of
Fire Risks
ECE
119
Lamps
ECE
119 Cornering
Cornering
ECE
35 Arrangement
of Foot ControlsLamps
ECE
123
front
lighting
ECE
36 Construction
of Public Service
Vehicles
ECE
123 Adaptive
Adaptive
front
lightingsystem
system(AFS)
(AFS)
ECE
37 Filament
Lamps
ECE 39 Speedometer
<Objective and Purpose of ECE Reg.-48>
1. Define lamp installations to obtain a vehicle approval.
ECE
2. The various definitions are needed for lamp installations that are
Reg.-４８
center of lamp, edges of lamp, illuminating area, electric connection
and also distance from the ground, limitation of the height and other
15
Reg.
necessary requirements.
[ These requirements for the lamp installation are not described in
15 Reg. are involved in R-48
other respective lamp regulations. ]
JASIC
Mandatory
8. ECE Reg-48 Lamp Location
Option
(10/89)
ECE 104 Conspicuity marking
Headlamp
Reg. 98 & 112
Ft. Turn
Reg. 6
Side Turn
Reg. 6
Ft. Position
Reg. 7
License Plate
Reg. 4
Daytime Running
Reg. 87
Parking
Reg. 77
Front Fog
Reg. 19
Cornering
Reg. 119
Side Marker
Reg. 91
Height Mount Stop
Reg. 7
AFS
Reg. 123
Reversing
Reg. 23
Rr. Fog
Reg. 37
Stop Lamp &
Rr. Position
Reg. 7
Rr. R/R
Reg. 3
Rr. Turn
Reg. 6
JASIC
(11/89)
9. ECE Reg-48 Contents-1
1. Scope
This Regulation applies to vehicles of categories M, N, and to
their trailers (category O) with regard to the installation of
lighting and light-signalling devices.
2. Definitions
Meaning of terms which will be used in this Reg.
Around 80 terms were defined
3. Application for approval
Necessary documents and drawings which will be submitted
when approval is sought.
4. Approval
Marking
5. General specifications
Remarks and special requirements for installation
JASIC
Mandatory
Condition
6. Individual Specifications
Option
(12/89)
Passenger Vehicle
6.1. Main-beam headlamp
6.2. Dipped-beam headlamp
6.3. Front fog lamp
6.4. Reversing lamp
6.5. Direction-indicator lamp
6.6. Hazard warning signal
6.7. Stop lamp
6.8. Rear registration plate lamp
6.9. Front position lamp
6.10. Rear position lamp
6.11. Rear fog lamp
6.12. Parking lamp
6.13. End-outline marker lamp
6.14. Rear retro-reflector, non-triangular
6.15. Rear retro-reflector, triangular
6.16. Front retro-reflector, non-triangular
6.17. Side retro-reflector, non-triangular
6.18. Side-marker lamps
6.19. Daytime running lamp
6.20. Cornering lamp
6.21. Retro-reflective marking by means of side and rear retro reflective lines and contour markings
6.22. Adaptive front lighting system (AFS)
6.23. Emergency stop lamp (ESS)
R-98 & R-112
R-98 & R-112
R-19
R-23
R-6
R-6
R-7
R-4
R-7
R-7
R-38
R-77
R-7
R-3
R-3
R-3
R-3
R-91
R-87
R-119
R-104
R-123
JASIC
(13/89)
6.X. Lamp Name
6.X.1. Presence
?
6.X.2. Number
Mandatory or Option or Prohibit
?
Number of Devices
6.X.3. Arrangement
Alignment of Devices
Lamp
W
6.X.4. Position
width, height, length
Dimension of Devices on vehicle
Lamp
H
Ground
6.X.5. Geometric visibility
Visibility angles
ø
6.X.6. Orientation
Direction of devices
6.X.7. Electrical connections
6.X.8. Tell-tale
6.X.9. Other requirements
Circuit for On-Off
Indicator (warn & fail & operate)
???
Special requirement
JASIC
(14/89)
Certificate
+
7. Modifications and extension of approval of the vehicle type or of
the installation of its lighting and lightsignalling devices
8. Conformity Of Production
9. Penalties for non-conformity of production
COP
10. Production definitely discontinued
11. Names and addresses of technical services responsible for
conducting approval tests and of administrative departments
12. Transitional provisions
Annex 1 Communication
Annex 2 Arrangements of approval marks
Annex 3 Lamp surfaces, axis and centre of reference, and angles of geometric visibility
Annex 4 Visibility of a red lamp to the front and visitbility of a white lamp to the rear
Annex 5 States of loading to be taken into consideration in determining variations in the vertical orientation of the dippedbeam headlamps
Annex 6 Measurement of the variation of dipped-beam inclination as a function of load
Annex 7 Indication of the stated initial adjustment referred to in paragraph 6.2.6.1.1. Of this regulation
Annex 8 The controls for the headlamp-levelling devices referred to in paragraph 6.2.6.2.2. Of this regulation
Annex 9 Control of conformity of production
JASIC
(15/89)
13. ECE Reg-48 Revising list
First Issue :
1982/01/01 as [00] Series
Latest (at the end of June 2009):
2008/10/15 as Supplement [1]-[04] Series
JASIC
(16/89)
END
Introduction of ECE R-48
Thank
Thank you
you for
for your
your attention
attention
JASIC
(17/89)
Explanation of the
ECE R-48 Lamp Installation
JASIC
(18/89)
ECE - R 48 - Contents
1.
2.
Scope
Definitions
3.
4.
Application for approval
Approval
5.
6.
General specifications
Individual specifications
7.
Modifications and extensions of the approval of the vehicle type or
of the installation of its lighting and light-signalling devices
Penalties for non-conformity of production
Production definitely discontinued
Names and addresses of the technical services responsible for
conducting approval tests, and of administrative departments
Transitional provisions
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
JASIC
(19/89)
ECE - R 48 - Annexes
Annex 1 Communication concerning the approval or refusal or extension or
withdrawal of approval or production definitely discontinued of a vehicle type
with regard to the installation of lighting and lightsignalling devices, pursuant
to Regulation No. 48
Annex 2 Arrangements of approval marks
Annex 3 Lamp surfaces, axis and centre of reference, and angles of geometric
visibility
Annex 4 Visibility of a red lamp to the front and visibility of a white lamp to the rear
Annex 5 States of loading to be taken into consideration in determining variations in
the vertical orientation of the dipped-beam headlamp
Annex 6 Measurement of the variation of dipped-beam inclination as a function of
load
Annex 7 Indication of the stated initial adjustment referred to in paragraph 6.2.6.1. of
this Regulation
Annex 8 The controls for the headlamp-levelling devices referred to in paragraph
6.2.6.2.2. of this Regulation
Annex 9 Control of conformity of production
JASIC
(20/89)
Presentation Items
1.
Scope
2.
Definitions
5.
6.
JASIC
(21/89)
1. SCOPE
This Regulation applies to vehicles of categories
M, N, and to their trailers (category O) 1/ with
regard to the installation of lighting and lightsignalling devices.
1/
As defined in Annex 7 to the Consolidated Resolution on the
Construction
of
Vehicles
(R.E.3),(document
TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.1/Amend.2 as last amended by Amend.4).
JASIC
(22/89)
Definition of the Vehicle Category (70/156/EEC-Annex II)
Category M
Category N
Category O
Category M:
M Motor vehicles with at last 4-wheels designed
for the carriage of passengers.
Category
Definitions
M1
Seats =< 9
M2
Seats >= 10, Maximum mass =< 5 tons
M3
Seats >= 10, Maximum mass > 5 tons
JASIC
(23/89)
Category N:
N Motor vehicles with at last 4-wheels designed
for the carriage of goods.
Category
Definitions
N1
Maximum mass =< 3.5 tons
N2
3.5 tons < Maximum mass =< 12 tons
N3
Maximum mass > 12 tons
Category O:
O Trailers. (including semi-trailers)
Category
O1
O2
O3
O4
Definitions
Maximum mass =< 0.75 tons
0.75 tons < Maximum mass =< 3.5 tons
3.5 tons < Maximum mass =< 10 tons
Maximum mass > 10 tons
JASIC
(24/89)
Presentation Items
1. Scope
2. Definitions
6. Individual specifications
JASIC
2. Definitions
2.7.3. Independent lamps
2.7.4. Grouped lamps
2.7.5. Combined lamps
2.7.6. Reciprocally incorporated lamps
2.8. Light emitting surface
2.9.
Illuminating surface
2.10. Apparent surface
2.11. Axis of reference
2.12. Center of reference
2.13. Angle of geometric visibility
2.14. Extreme outer edge
2.16.1. Single lamp
2.17. Distance between Two lamps
2.18, 2.19. Tell-tale
(25/89)
JASIC
2.7.3. Independent Lamps
2.7.5. Combined Lamps
2.7.3.
Independent
Lamps
(26/89)
2.7.4. Grouped Lamps
Lens
(illuminating
surface)
Light
source
Housing
(Lamp body)
Separate
Separate
Separate
Example Lens
Housing
Light-Source
2.7.4.
Grouped
Lamps
2.7.5.
Combined
Lamps
Separate
Separate
Common
Separate
Common
Common
JASIC
(27/89)
2.7.6. Reciprocally Incorporated Lamps
2.7.6.
Reciprocally
Incorporated
Lamps
Lens
(illuminating
surface)
Light
source
Housing
(Lamp
body)
Common
Separate
Common
Example
JASIC
(28/89)
2.10. Apparent Surface
Apparent Surface
Light Emitting Surface
OR
Illuminating Surface
Manufactures declare either one Light Emitting Surface
or Illuminating Surface as a Apparent Surface.
Surface
JASIC
(29/89)
2.10. Apparent Surface
Light Emitting Surface ?
Illuminating Surface ?
Declare by the manufacturer
JASIC
(30/89)
2.8. Light emitting surface
All or part of the exterior
surface of the transparent
material (lens) declared by
the design of the
manufacturer.
JASIC
2.9. Illuminating surface
(31/89)
- Head Lamp, F. Fog Lamp, Reversing Lamp (2.9.1)
Ref
Orthogonal projection of the
full aperture of the reflector.
(lighting devices)
If the lighting device has no reflector,
applying a illuminating surface of signal
lamp (light-signalling devices)
JASIC
(32/89)
2.9.1 Illuminating surface of lighting device
Effective Reflecting
Area for Lo-Beam
H4 inner shade
Lower Limit
In case of a Lo-beam headlamp, the illuminating surface
is limited by the apparent projection of the cut-off on to
the lens.
JASIC
(33/89)
2.9.2 Illuminating surface of light-signalling
Light Intensity [%]
device other than RR
Light emitting surface
100
98
90
Center of
reference
80
xx Cm
98% line
%
Illuminating surface is that each side of the rectangle of the
light emitting surface allowing only 98% of the total
luminous intensity of the light in the direction of the axis of
reference.
JASIC
(34/89)
2.9.3 Illuminating surface of Retro-reflector (RR)
Orthogonal projection of a RR in a plane perpendicular to
its axis of reference and delimited by planes contiguous to
the outermost parts of the RR's optical system and parallel
to that axis.
JASIC
(35/89)
2.11. Axis of Reference or Reference Axis
2.12. Center of Reference
Axis of Reference (H=0 V=0)
- Photometric measurement
- Installing the lamp on vehicle
Use both value as the basic
H=0 V=0
Center of Reference
Intersection of the axis of reference on the
lens
JASIC
(36/89)
2.13 Angle of Geometric Visibility
-The field of the minimum solid angle in which the apparent
surface of the lamp must be visible.
-There must be no obstacle on the inside of the angles of
geometric visibility .
JASIC
2.14. Extreme outer edge
Median longitudinal plane
(37/89)
- Tyres contact points with the
ground and pressure gauges
- Anti skid devices on wheel
These points and parts will be
disregarded from outer edges
Outer Edge : the plane parallel to
the median longitudinal plane
- Rear View Mirrors
- Side Direction-Indicator Lamps
- End Outline Marker Lamps
- Front and Rear Position Lamps
- Parking Lamps
- Retro Reflectors
- Side Marker Lamps
JASIC
(38/89)
2.16.1 Single Lamp
A device or part of a device, having one function and
one apparent surface in the direction of the reference
axis and one or more light source.
JASIC
(39/89)
2.16.1 Single Lamp
Back
Turn
Illuminating surface
(98% line)
Stop
Tail & Stop
RR
a
S1
S2
Stop
Stop
b
(S1 + S2)
(a x b)
x 100 >= 60%
Single Lamp
JASIC
(40/89)
5.7.2 Single Lamp is composed of two or more distinct parts
Single Lamp
15 mm
15 mm
Single Lamp
Distinct parts shall not exceed
15 mm when measured
perpendicularly to the
reference axis.
Type "D" Lamp
Two Independent
Lamps (same function)
Movable Part (trunk lid)
Fix Part (Body)
JASIC
(41/89)
2.17. Distance between Two Lamps
The shortest distance between the two apparent surfaces in
the direction of the reference axis
Distance
Lo-Beam HeadLamp
or F-Fog Lamp
JASIC
2.18, 2.19. Tell-tale
(42/89)
Tell-tale
Tell-tale for direction indicator lamp
Operating tell-tale
A visual or auditory signal indicating that a device has
been switched on and is operating correctly or not.
(Only direction-indicator signal lamp is mandatory.)
Closed-circuit tell-tale
A visual indicating that a device has been switch on, but not
indicating whether it is operating correctly or not.
JASIC
(43/89)
Presentation Items
1.
Scope
2.
Definitions
5.
6.
JASIC
5.
(44/89)
5.10, 5.10.1~5.10.3.2
Visibility of red lamps from the front and visibility of
white lamps from the rear
5.11, 5.12
General electrical connections
5.15 Colors of the light
JASIC
(45/89)
5.10, 5.10.1~5.10.3.2
Visibility of red lamps from the front
- There must be no direct visibility of the light-emitting surface
of red lamps in the area shown in figure.
F
R
O
N
T
1m
15º
15º
2.2m
25m
Observing height 1m & 2.2 m
above the ground
- No red light which could give rise to confusion shall be emitted
in a forward direction.
JASIC
(46/89)
5.10, 5.10.1~5.10.3.2
Visibility of white lamps from the rear
- There must be no direct visibility of the light-emitting surface
of a white lamp in the area shown in figure.
1m
15º
15º
25m
Observing height 1m & 2.2 m
above the ground
- No white light which could give rise to confusion shall be
emitted in a rearward direction. (except for reversing lamp)
2.2m
R
E
A
R
JASIC
(47/89)
5.11, 5.12
General electrical connections
Headlamp shall light up simultaneously
with following lamps.
Headlamp
- Ft. Position Lamp
- Rr. Position Lamp
- License Plate Lamp
- Side Marker Lamp (Optional)
License Plate Lamp
Ft. Position Lamp
Rr. Position Lamp
JASIC
5.15 Colors of the light
(48/89)
Front and Side
Direction Indicator: Amber
Front
Front Position:
White
Headlamp: White
Front Fog Lamp: White or Yellow
JASIC
(49/89)
Stop Lamp & HMSL: Red
License
Plate
Lamp:
Rear Fog
Lamp:
RedWhite
Rear
Rear Position Rear
Lamp:
Red
Reversing
Lamp:Amber
White
Turn
Signal Lamp:
JASIC
(50/89)
Mandatory / Optional Lamp
Front
Yellow: Mandatory
White: Optional
Headlamp (HI)+(LO)
Ft. Position Lamp
Fr. Side Marker Lamp
and / or
Side Retro Reflector
Side Direction Indicator
Fr. Direction Indicator Lamp
Daytime Running Lamp
Fr. Fog Lamp
JASIC
(51/89)
Rear
High Mounted Stop Lamp
Yellow: Mandatory
White: Optional
License Plate Lamp
Rr. Side Marker Lamp
Reversing Lamp
Rr. Fog Lamp
Rr. Position Lamp
Stop Lamp
Rr. Direction Indicator Lamp
JASIC
5.17. Installed on Moveable and Fixed Position
Fixed Position
(52/89)
Moveable Position
Tail
Turn
R/R
Tail & Turn & R/R may be installed on moveable portion
with substitute function.
JASIC
(53/89)
Presentation Items
1.
Scope
2.
Definitions
5.
6.
JASIC
6.
(54/89)
6.2. Lo-Beam Headlamp
Using words [Lo-beam] and [Hi-beam] in these sheets instead of the
[passing-beam] and the [driving-beam]
6.5. Direction-Indicator Lamp
6.7. Stop lamp
JASIC
(55/89)
6.2.1. Presence : Mandatory on motor vehicle.
Prohibited on trailers.
6.2.2. Number : Two
6.2.4. Position :
Each side of the edge of the apparent surface is used in the positioning
(Illuminating surface or Light emitting surface)
JASIC
(56/89)
[Width]
400
Max.
A
(mm)
B
600 Min.
*600 mm Min does not apply for M1 and N1 category
JASIC
(57/89)
[Height]
(mm)
500
Min.
A
B
*For category N3G (off-road) maximum height may be increased to 1,500
1,200
Max.
JASIC
6.2.5. Geometric visibility :
(58/89)
[Vertical angle]
15º
10º
[Horizontal angle]
45º
10º
Minimum value of 1cd
is required in this space.
JASIC
(59/89)
6.2.6 Orientation :
Depending on the mounting height, following are provided.
(1) Initial aiming of the cut-off of the Lo-beam
(in unladen vehicle state with a driver: refer the annex 5)
The initial aiming (initial downward inclination) of the cut-off
shall be indicated on the headlamp or vehicle body close to the
headlamp by the symbol shown in below.
(2) Aiming limits of the cut-off of the Lo-beam
(under all the static conditions : refer to Annex5)
JASIC
(60/89)
In case of H < 0.8m,
Limits:
between -0.5% and -2.5%
Initial aiming: between -1.0% and -1.5%
Distance at 25m(L)
1.0% = 25cm down
1.5% = 37.5cm down
(h1 - h2)
In case of 0.8m < H < 1.0m,
Declare by the manufacturer either one from the two
alternatives
In case of H > 1.0m,
Limits:
between -1.0% and -3.0%
Initial aiming: between -1.5% and -2.0%
Cut-off
Lo-beam inclination is
defined as follows,
Center of Reference
Reference axis
%
h2
h1
L(25m)
H
(h1 - h2)
L
× 100 %
JASIC
6.2.6.2. Headlamp leveling device :
(61/89)
6.2.6.2.1. In the case where a headlamp leveling device is necessary to satisfy the
aiming requirement,
light source > 2000 lm : Automatic headlamp leveling
light source =< 2000lm : Automatic or Manual headlamp leveling
Down the cut off line to reduce the glare
Heavy weight baggage
at rear
glare
REF
Normal cut off inclination according to this
Regulation.
Cut Off
Head Lamp
Leveler
JASIC
(62/89)
6.2.7. Electrical connections :
(1) The control for changing over to the Lo-beam headlamp must
Hi-Lo
switch off all Hi-beam headlamp simultaneously. Lo-Hi
(2) The Lo-beam may remain switched on at the same time as the
Lo-Hi
Hi-Lo
Hi-beam headlamp.
(3) In the case of gas-discharge Lo-beam headlamps, the gasdischarge light source shall remain switched on during the Hibeam operation.
6.2.8. Tell-tale : Optional
However, in the case where the whole beam or the kink of the elbow
of the cut-off is moved to produce bend lighting, an operating telltale whether flashing or not is mandatory.
JASIC
6.2.9. Other requirements :
(1) Dipped-beam headlamps with a light source having an
objective luminous flux which exceeds 2,000 lumen shall only
be installed in conjunction with the installation of headlamp
cleaning device(s) according to Regulation No. 45.
(2) Only Lo-beam headlamps according to ECE R98 or
112 may be used to produce bend lighting. If bend
lighting is produced by a horizontal movement of the
whole beam or the kink of the elbow of the cut-off, it
shall be activated only if the vehicle is in forward
motion.
(63/89)
JASIC
(64/89)
6.2.6.4. Horizontal orientation
Mounting height : 65 Cm
A elbow of the cut-off
shall not intersect the
line of the trajectory of
the centre of gravity of
the vehicle at distances
from the front of the
vehicle which are not
larger than 100 times
the mounting height
Limitation of the Bending
65 Cm X 100 = 65 m
JASIC
6.
(65/89)
6.7. Stop lamp
JASIC
6.5. Direction-indicator lamp
(66/89)
6.5.1. Presence : Mandatory
6.5.2. Number : Front direction-indicator lamps: two
6.5.3. Arrangements :
According to the distance between the Lo-beam headlamp (or front
fog lamp) and direction-indicator lamp, category of the front
direction-indicator lamps are defined.
Apparent
surface
Direction
Minimum distance
between HL and
Direction indicator
lamp.
Headlamp
JASIC
(67/89)
Category of the Front direction-indicator lamp
Category
1, 1a, 1b
1a, 1b
1b
Distance between HL (F.FL) and Fr. direction-indicator
D => 40 (mm)
Direction
20 < D < 40 (mm)
D =< 20 (mm)
Headlamp
Rear direction-indicator lamps: two
Category of the rear direction-indicator lamp
Note
Category
2a
Steady luminous intensity
2b
Variable luminous intensity
Rear direction-indicator lamps
Apparent
surface
JASIC
(68/89)
Side direction-indicator lamps: two
Category of the side direction-indicator lamp
Category
Note
5
For M1 vehicles and N1, M2, M3 vehicles not exceeding
6m in length.
6
For all N2 and N3 vehicles and N1, M2, M3 vehicles
exceeding 6m in length.
Side direction-indicator lamps
Category M
Category N
JASIC
6.5.4. Position :
(69/89)
[Width]
400
Max
A
(mm)
B
600 Min.
JASIC
(70/89)
[ Height ]
-Category 1, 1a, 1b,
2a and 2b; 350 Min.
-Category 5 or 6;
M1 and N1: 350 Min.
Other:
500 Min.
(mm)
1,500
Max.
If it is impossible due to vehicle structure,
For 5 and 6 : 2,300 Max.
For 1, 1a, 1b, 2a and 2b :2,100 Max
JASIC
(71/89)
[Length] (Category 5 and 6)
Light-emitting surface
(mm)
1,800 Max
However, for M1 and N1 category vehicles, and for all other categories of
vehicles if the structure of the vehicle makes it impossible to comply with
the minimum angles of visibility, this distance may be increased to
2,500 mm.
JASIC
(72/89)
The apparent surface of the direction-indicator lamp must be
visible in the following area.
[Vertical Angles]
Category 1, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 5 :
Category 6 :
30º
15º
15º
(If the lamps are installed less than 750mm above
the ground, downwards 5 deg. is permitted.)
5º
JASIC
[Horizontal Angles]
(73/89)
JASIC
(74/89)
6.5.7. Electrical connections :
- Direction-indicator lamps shall switch on independently of the other
lamps.
- All direction-indicator lamps on the side of a vehicle shall be
switched on and off by means of one control and shall flash in
phase(Simultaneously).
Simultaneously
JASIC
(75/89)
6.5.8. Tell-tale :
- Operating tell-tale mandatory for front and rear direction
indicator lamps.
Operating tell-tale
Visual tell-tale
In the case of malfunction
- extinguish or,
- remain alight without flashing or,
- show a marked change of frequency.
Auditory tell-tale
- clearly audible and show a marked
change of frequency.
JASIC
(76/89)
- The light shall be a flashing 90 +/- 30 times per minute.
OFF OFF OFF
OFF
ON
ON
ON
ON
90 +/- 30 times
OFF OFF OFF
ON
ON
ON
ON
One Minute
- Operation of the light-signal control shall be followed within not
more than one second by the emission of light and within not
more than one-half seconds by its first extinction.
OFF OFF
ON ON
ON
OFF
ON
1.0 Sec.
Switch
ON
Switch
OFF
1.5 Sec.
JASIC
6.
(77/89)
6.7. Stop lamp
JASIC
6.7. Stop lamp
(78/89)
6.7.1. Presence :
S1 or S2 categories :
Mandatory on all categories vehicles.
S3 or S4 category : Mandatory on M1 & N1 category.
Optional on other categories.
Category of the Stop lamp
Category
Note
S1
Stop lamp: Steady luminous intensity
S2
Stop lamp: Variable luminous intensity
S3
High mounted stop lamp : Steady luminous intensity
S4
High mounted stop lamp : Variable luminous intensity
6.7.2. Number :
Category S1 and S2 : Two
Category S3 and S4 : One
JASIC
(79/89)
6.7.4. Position :
[Width] Category S1, S2
M1 and N1 categories of vehicles
400
Max.
A
(mm)
B
600 Min.
JASIC
(80/89)
[Width]
Category S3, S4
median longitudinal plane
JASIC
(81/89)
[Height] Category S1, S2
(mm)
1500
Max.
350
Min.
If it is impossible due to vehicle structure,
2,100 Max is permitted.
JASIC
(82/89)
[Height] Category S3, S4
- shall not be more than 150mm below the horizontal plane tangential
to the lower edge of the exposed surface of the rear window or,
- shall not be less than 850mm above the ground.
- additionally, S3 or S4 stop lamp shall be higher than S1 or S2 stop
lamps.
(mm)
150
Max.
850
Min.
JASIC
(83/89)
The apparent surface of the stop lamp must be visible in the following
area.
[Vertical Angles]
Category S1 or S2:
Category S3 or S4:
10º
5º
15º
15º
(If the lamps are installed less than 750mm
above the ground, downwards 5 deg. Is
permitted.)
JASIC
(84/89)
[Horizontal Angles]
Category S1 or S2
45º
45º
Category S3 or
S4
10º
10º
JASIC
6.7.7. Electrical Connections :
(85/89)
-Must light up when the braking system provides the relevant
signal defined in R13 and 13-H.
- In case of the engine off, stop lamps need not function.
6.7.8. Tell-tale :
Optional.
However, if tell-tale is fitted, it must be an operating tell-tale.
- The S3 or S4 category device may not be reciprocally
incorporated with any other lamp.
- The S3 or S4 category device may be installed outside or inside
the vehicle.
JASIC
6.19. DAYTIME RUNNING LAMP 10/
6.
(86/89)
6.19.1. Presence
Mandatory on motor vehicles. Prohibited on trailers.
_____________
10/
The Contracting Parties not applying Regulation No. 87 may
prohibit the presence of DRL on the basis of national regulations.
Japan prohibits the presence of DRL in the national regulation.
JASIC
(87/89)
The reason that DRL is prohibited in Japan
1. DRL impairs conspicuity of motorcycles.
[Ref. ExperimentReportGRE-53-8-JARI]
JASIC
(88/89)
The reason that DRL is prohibited in Japan
2. DRL is not so effective in Japan than that in Europe.
Tokyo
JASIC
(89/89)
END
Thank
Thank you
you for
for your
your attention
attention
JASIC
1/116
ECE R-3, 6, 7, 23, 50 Signal Lamp
& R-98, 112, 113 Head Lamp
& R-37, 99 Light Source
JASIC Expert meeting
August 7, 2009
Malaysia
JASIC
Lamp Regulations in Japan I
2/116
Ratified Regulation
Difficult Ratification
Plan to ratify in near future
ECE 7 Front and Rear Position (Side) Lamps, Stop Lamps and EndOutline Marker Lamps
ECE 19 Front Fog Lamps
ECE 23 Reversing Lamps
ECE 37 Filament Lamps
ECE 45 Headlamp Cleaners
ECE 48 Installation of Lights
ECE 50 Lights (Moped, Motor Cycle)
ECE 53 Installation of Lights (Motor Cycle)
JASIC
3/116
Lamp Regulations in Japan II
Ratified Regulation
Difficult Ratification
ECE 77 Parking Lamps
Plan to ratify in near future
ECE 87 Daytime Running Lamps
ECE 91 Side-Marker Lamps
ECE 98 Gas-Discharge Headlamps
ECE 99 Gas-Discharge Light Sources
ECE 112 Headlamps (with an Asymmetrical Passing Beam)
ECE 113 Headlamps (with a Symmetrical Passing Beam)
ECE 119 Cornering Lamps
ECE 123 Adaptive Front lighting System
JASIC
Presentation Items of Reg.
Reg. No. 3
4/116
- Supplement 10 to 02 series
Retro-Reflecting Device (R/R)
Reg. No. 6
Direction Indicator (Turn Signal Lamp)
Reg. No. 7
Front Position Lamp
Rear position Lamp (Tail Lamp)
Stop Lamp and High Mounted Stop Lamp
End-Outline Maker Lamp
Reg. No. 23 - Supplement 14 to 00 series
Reversing Lamp (Back up Lamp)
Reg. No. 98 & 112 - Supplement 09 & 10 to 00 series
Head Lamp (Asymmetrical Passing beam and Driving beam)
JASIC
Presentation Items of Reg.
5/116
Light Signaling Devices for Motorcycle
Head Lamp (Symmetrical Passing beam and Driving beam)
Filament Lamp
Gas-Discharge Light Sources
JASIC
6/116
Structure of ECE Regulation for Lighting
Motor Vehicle
No.48
Lighting Installation
No.3
Reflex Reflector
No.4
License Lamp
No.6
Direction Indicator
No.7
Rear Position & Stop lamp
No.19
Front fog Lamp
No.23
Reversing Lamp
No.38
Rear fog Lamp
No.112
Halogen Headlamp
No.98
HID Headlamp
No.37
Filament Lamp
No.99
HID Light
Source
JASIC
7/116
Lamps and Regulations on Vehicle-01
Front Position Lamp
Reg. 7
Head Lamp
Reg. 98[HID] or 112[Halogen]
Front & Side Direction
Indicator Lamp
Reg. 6
JASIC
8/116
Lamps and Regulations on Vehicle-02
High Mount Stop Lamp
Reg. 7
Stop & Position Lamp
Reg. 7
Direction indicator
Reg. 6
Reversing Lamp
Reg. 23
Retro Reflector
Reg. 3
Registration Plate Lamp
Reg. 4
JASIC
9/116
JASIC
10/116
Structure of ECE Regulation for Lighting
No.3
Reflex Reflector
Motorcycle
No.53
Lighting Installation
No.50
Rear position & Stop lamp
Front position lamp
Direction Indicator
License Lamp
No.37
Filament Lamp
No.112
Halogen Headlamp with
asymmetrical passing
beam
No.113
Headlamp with
symmetrical passing beam
No.99
HID Light
Source
JASIC
11/116
Lamps and Regulations on Motorcycle
Head Lamp
Reg. 113[Symmetrical Passing
Beam]
Front Position Lamp
Reg. 50
Front Direction
Indicator Lamp
Reg. 50
Retro Reflector
Reg. 3
Stop & Position Lamp
Reg. 50
Registration Plate Lamp
Reg. 50
JASIC
12/116
Contents List
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Definitions
Application for approval
Markings
Approval
Intensity of light emitted
Test procedure
Color of light emitted
Penalties for non-conformity of production
Production definitely discontinued
Names and addresses of technical services responsible for
conducting approval tests, and of administrative departments
13. Transitional provisions
JASIC
13/116
Presentation Item of Contents
1. Definitions (R3, 6, 7, 23, 50)
3. Markings
4. Approval
6. Intensity of light emitted (R3, 6, 7, 23, 50, 98, 112,
113)
7. Test procedure
8. Color of light emitted
9. Light Source (R37, 99)
JASIC
14/116
Definitions (ECE R3)
Retro-Reflector means a device used to indicate the existence
of a vehicle by the reflection of light emanating from a light
source not connected to the vehicle, the observer being situated
near the source;
(refer to the ECE-R48 provision-2.7.16.)
observer
light reflection
light emanating
Retro
Reflector
JASIC
15/116
Definitions (ECE R3) (refer to the ECE-R48)
Front Retro-Reflector
(Number: Two)
Requirement (R48)
Class
Mandatory : Trailers
IA or IB (White)
Mandatory : Vehicle having concealable lamp
Side Retro-Reflector
Class
(Number: depend on longitudinal position)
Requirement (R48)
IA or IB (Amber) Mandatory : Vehicle length exceeds 6 m
Side R/R can be Red it is grouped or common with the rear position, rear end-outline
marker, rear fog, stop or red rearmost side-marker lamp.
Rear Retro-Reflector
Class
IA or IB (Red)
(Number: Two)
Requirement (R48)
Mandatory : Vehicles
JASIC
16/116
Class of Retro-reflecting
devices:
Class IB
Class IA
Sealing Plate
Class IA is device with sealing plate
for watertight.
Class IB is device combined with
other signal lamps which has not
sealing plate.
JASIC
17/116
Definitions (ECE R3) for Trailer
Class of Retroreflecting devices:
Class IIIA & IIIB
[A]-Type
Class IIIA and IIIB
shall be triangular
shape and its each
sides between 150
and 200mm long.
Note: These sketches are for
illustration purposes only.
[B]-Type
JASIC
18/116
Front direction indicator (Category 1, 1a, 1b)
The lamp used to indicate to other road-users that the driver
intends to change a direction to the right or to the left.
Front Direction Indicator
Color: Amber
JASIC
19/116
According to the minimum distance between Lo-beam headlamp
(or front fog lamp) and direction indicator lamp, category of the
front direction-indicator lamps are defined.
Apparent
surface
Minimum distance
Lo-beam headlamp
(or F. Fog lamp)
JASIC
20/116
Category of the front direction indicator lamp
Category
Distance between HL (F.FL) and direction indicator
1
D >= 40 (mm)
1a
20 < D < 40 (mm)
250 cd (Min)
1b
D =< 20 (mm)
400 cd (Min)
175 cd (Min)
Lo-beam
headlamp
(or F.FL)
JASIC
21/116
Rear direction indicator (Category 2a, 2b)
Category of the rear direction indicator lamp
Note
Category
2a
Steady Luminous intensity (Min.50cd, Max.350cd)
2b
Variable Luminous intensity (Min.50cd, Max.700cd)
Color: Amber
JASIC
22/116
Side direction indicator (Category 5)
Category of the side direction indicator lamp
Category
5
Vehicle category
all M1
N1,M2,and M3 (vehicle length not exceed 6m)
Side Direction Indicator
Color: Amber
JASIC
23/116
Front position lamp
The lamps indicate the presence and the width of vehicle to
other road-users.
Front Position Lamp
(Incorporated in headlamp)
Color: White
JASIC
24/116
Rear position lamp & Rear end-outline marker lamp
The lamps indicate the presence and the width of vehicle to
other road-users.
Note
Category
R1
R2
Rear Position Lamp
Color: Red
JASIC
25/116
Category S1 & S2 stop lamp
The lamps indicate to following vehicles that the driver is
applying the service brake.
Category
S1
S2
Stop Lamp
Note
Color: Red
JASIC
26/116
Category S3 & S4 stop lamp (High mounted stop lamp)
The lamp indicate to following vehicles that the driver is
Category
S3
S4
Note
High Mounted Stop Lamp
Color: Red
JASIC
27/116
Reversing lamp
The lamps illuminate a road of behind of the vehicle and warn to
other road-users that the vehicle is reversing or about to reverse.
Reversing Lamp
Color: White
JASIC
28/116
Front direction indicator (Category 11, 11a, 11b, 11c)
The lamp used to indicate to other road-users that the rider
intends to change a direction to the right or to the left.
Front Direction Indicator
Color: Amber
Category
11
D
11a
11b
11c
Distance between HL and direction
indicator
D > 75 (mm)
40 < D < 75 (mm)
20 < D < 40 (mm)
D < 20 (mm)
JASIC
29/116
Rear direction indicator (Category 12)
Category of the rear direction indicator lamp
Note
Category
12
Luminous intensity (Min.50cd, Max.350cd)
Color: Amber
JASIC
30/116
Front position lamp
The lamps indicate the presence of motorcycle to other roadusers.
Front Position Lamp
(Incorporated in headlamp)
Color: White
JASIC
31/116
Rear position and Stop lamp
Rear position lamp indicate the presence of motorcycle to other
road-users.
Stop lamp indicate to following vehicles that the rider is
Rear position and Stop lamp
Color: Red
JASIC
32/116
Presentation Items
1. Definitions (R3, 6, 7, 23, 50)
3. Markings
4. Approval
113)
7. Test procedure
JASIC
33/116
Markings on Lens
Must bear following marking ;
1) Trade name or mark of the applicant
Trade name of the applicant
JASIC
34/116
2) Category mark of filament lamp
prescribed in ECE R37
W21/5W
Category Mark on
the Housing
(In case of non-replaceable light source such as LED,
rated voltage and rated wattage)
WY21W
JASIC
35/116
3) Approval mark and additional symbol
Approval Mark on
the Lens
Rear Direction Indicator Lamp
Reversing Lamp
Rear Fog Lamp
JASIC
36/116
Presentation Items
1. Definitions (R3, 6, 7, 23, 50)
3. Markings
4. Approval
113)
7. Test procedure
JASIC
37/116
Approval
Single approval mark (Retro-Reflector)
02 1B
a
2
a = 4 mm min
a
E 43
0007
a
3
a
2
a
2
Marking
The markings must be
clearly legible and be
indelible.
JASIC
38/116
Approval
Single approval mark
Series number
Lamp category
(Rear-Turn)
Additional symbol
Arrow mark
Approval number
Distinguishing number
of the country (Japan)
JASIC
39/116
Approval countries
Composition of the approval mark
-distinguishing number of the country : 1 for Germany, 2 for France, 3 for Italy,
4 for the Netherlands, 5 for Sweden, 6 for Belgium, 7 for Hungary, 8 for the
Czech Republic, 9 for Spain, 10 for Yugoslavia, 11 for the United Kingdom, 12
for Austria, 13 for Luxembourg, 14 for Switzerland, 15 (vacant), 16 for Norway,
17 for Finland, 18 for Denmark, 19 for Romania, 20 for Poland, 21 for Portugal,
22 for the Russian Federation, 23 for Greece, 24 for Ireland, 25 for Croatia, 26
for Slovenia, 27 for Slovakia, 28 for Belarus, 29 for Estonia, 30 (vacant), 31 for
Bosnia and Herzegovina, 32 for Latvia, 33 (vacant), 34 for Bulgaria, 35 (vacant),
36 for Lithuania, 37 for Turkey, 38 (vacant), 39 for Azerbaijan, 40 for The
former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, 41 (vacant), 42 for the European
Community (Approvals are granted by its Member States using their respective
ECE symbol), 43 for Japan, 44 (vacant), 45 for Australia, 46 for Ukraine and 47
for South Africa, 48 for New Zealand, 49 for Cyprus and 50 for Malta.
-approval number:
An approval number shall be assigned to each type approved.
JASIC
40/116
Approval
-Series number:
The two digits of the series number which indicate the series
of amendments in force at the time of issue of the approval
and,
-Additional symbol (s):
“ D " mark , applicable for vehicle
On devices which may be used as part of an assembly of two
lamps, the additional letter "D" to the right side of the
Category Mark
JASIC
41/116
Approval
-arrow mark:
On devices which cannot be mounted on either side of the vehicle
indiscriminately, a horizontal arrow showing in which side of the
position the device is to be mounted
“
"
In the case where a device is intended to be installed at a mounting
height of equal to or less than 750 mm above the ground, a vertical
arrow starting from a horizontal segment and directed downwards.
“
“ applicable for vehicle only
JASIC
42/116
Approval
Composition of the approval mark for vehicle
-Lamp Category :
-Retro-Reflector ~~~~~~~ IA, IB, IIIA, IIIB
-Direction indicator ~~~~ 1, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3, 4, 5, 6
-Front position Lamp
& Front end-outline marker lamp ~~~ A
-Rear position Lamp
& Rear end-outline marker lamp ~~~~ R1, R2
-Stop Lamp ~~~~~~~~~~~ S1, S2
-High Mounted Stop Lamp ~~~~ S3, S4
-Reversing Lamp ~~~~~~~~~~~ AR
JASIC
Approval
Composition of the approval mark for motorcycle
-Lamp Category :
-Retro-Reflector ~~~~~~~ IA, IB
-Direction indicator ~~~~ 11, 11a, 11b, 11c, 12
-Front position Lamp~~~ No symbol mark is defined
-Rear position Lamp ~~~~ No symbol mark is defined
-Stop Lamp ~~~~~~~~~~~ No symbol mark is defined
43/116
JASIC
44/116
Approval
Arrangement of the approval mark
-Grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps:
Approval number
Category
R1-S1 ~~ Rear Position Lamp
& Category S1 Stop Lamp
2a ~~~ Category 2a Direction Indicator
AR ~~~ Reversing Lamp
IB ~~ Category IB Rear Retro Reflector
Distinguishing number of the country
13 ~~ Luxembourg
JASIC
45/116
Approval
Arrangement of the approval mark
The approval marking shall be clearly legible and indelible.
It may be placed on an inner or outer part of the device
which cannot be separated from the transparent part of the
device emitting the light.
Approval mark on the Lens
(transparent material)
In any case the marking shall be visible when the device is
fitted on the vehicle or when a movable part such as the hood
or boot lid or a door is opened.
JASIC
46/116
Presentation Items
1. Definitions (R3, 6, 7, 23, 50)
3. Markings
4. Approval
113)
7. Test procedure
JASIC
47/116
Intensity of light emitted (ECE R3)
For photometric measurements only the
2
100cm
illuminating surface contained within a
circle of 200mm diameter, and the
Center of
illuminating surface itself shall be limited to Reference
100cm2 though the surfaces of the retroreflecting optical units need not necessarily
attain this area.
Photo-detector
Angle of divergence
Class IIIA & IIIB &
Light- source
Illumination angle
IVA
Whole of the illuminating
surfaces shall be considered.
Axis of Reference
Center of Reference
30.48m
200mm
Class IA or IB
JASIC
48/116
Unit: CLI
RED
Minimum Required Intensity : Class IA, IB, IIIA , IIIB
Angle of
Divergence
alpha
Class
IA, IB
IIIA, IIIB
Illumination angles (in degrees)
Vertical [V]
0 degrees
+/- 10 degrees
+/- 5 degrees
Horizontal [H]
0 degrees
0 degrees
+/- 20 degrees
20'
300
200
100
1 degree 30'
5
2.8
2.5
20'
450
200
150
1 degree 30'
12
8
8
CLI = "Coefficient of luminous intensity (CIL)" means the quotient of the
reflected luminous intensity of the R/R device that is divided by the given
illumination at the surface of device from the light source.
Unit: mm cd / lux
V
Any Lower CIL values
are not permitted in these
areas.
V
10U
H
H
10D
V
H
20L
V
5U
H
5D
20R
JASIC
49/116
Unit: CLI
Minimum Required Intensity : Class IA, IB, IIIA, IIIB Amber
Class
IA, IB
IIIA, IIIB
Angle of
Divergence
alpha
Vertical [V]
Horizontal [H]
20'
1 degree 30'
20'
1 degree 30'
0 degrees
+/- 10 degrees
+/- 5 degrees
0 degrees
0 degrees
+/- 20 degrees
750
12.5
1125
30
500
7
500
20
250
6.25
375
20
Minimum Required Intensity : Class IA, IB, IIIA, IIIB White
Class
IA, IB
IIIA, IIIB
Angle of
Divergence
alpha
Vertical [V]
0 degrees
+/- 10 degrees
+/- 5 degrees
Horizontal [H]
0 degrees
0 degrees
+/- 20 degrees
20'
1200
800
400
1 degree 30'
20
11.2
10
20'
1800
800
600
1 degree 30'
48
32
32
JASIC
50/116
Measuring Points (Grid)
10º
5º
V
20
10
0º
5º
20
35
10
100
10º
5º
10
35
20
10
20
20
20º
90
70
20
10º
20
70
90
Unit: %
20
0º
H
5º
10º
20º
JASIC
51/116
Photometric Value
100 cd
Single Lamp
1.4 Times
70 cd
Lamp Marked “D”
0.5 Times
140 cd
Assembly for Two Lamps
JASIC
52/116
Minimum Required Intensity : Categories 1, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3, 4
10º
5º
V
10
20
35
10
%
20
20
0º
5º
Unit: %
20
70
90
100
35
90
20
70
20
0.3 cd
10º
Category
1
1a
1b
2a
2b
3
4
Minimum
175 cd
250 cd
400 cd
50 cd
175/40 cd
175/50 cd
175 cd
20
20
10
0.7 cd
10
0.3 cd
0.7 cd
FRONT
20º
10º
5º
0º
H
5º
10º
VEHICLE
20º
JASIC
53/116
Minimum Required Intensity : Category 5, 6 (N2, N3, M for exceed 6m)
Measuring Points(Grid)
30º
Unit: %
20
20
25º
20º
15º
FRONT
30
10º
40
40
5º
60
60
0º
100
80
40
- 5º
60
60
40
10º
20º
20
VEHICLE
V
30
20
H
5º
Category
5
6
Minimum
0.6 cd
50 cd
H
30º
(outer side of the vehicle)
60º
%
JASIC
54/116
Unit: cd
Maximum Required Intensity : Categories 1, 1a, 1b
Category
Zone
Single Lamp Lamp (single)
marked “D"
A
1
single
10º
1a
B
700
490
980
↑
↑
↑
400
280
560
Category [1a] Front Direction Indicator UNIT: cd
C+D
A
DB+C C
800
250
A
860
1b
B+C
↑
V
D
400
87.5
25
260
D
5ºMAX:25250
OUT of
10º
15º Zone
20º
50
↑
D
5º
Total for the assembly of two
lamps
50
560
50
1,120
↑
B
↑
175
600
350
175
50
1,200
A↑
225
25
↑
280250 800 225
MAX:
560
87.5
5º Zone
50
C
50
175
25
B
A
10º
50
50
5º
H
5º
10º
20º
JASIC
55/116
Required Intensity [%] :
10º
5º
V
10
20
35
10
100
10º
5º
10
35
20
10
20
20
20º
90
70
20
10º
20
70
90
%
20
20
0º
5º
Front & Rear position lamp
Stop lamp (S1 & S2)
Unit: %
0º
H
5º
10º
20º
JASIC
56/116
Minimum & Maximum Required Intensity :
Front and Rear end-outline marker
Front and Rear position
Stop lamp (S1 & S2)
Function
Unit: cd
Minim
um
Maximum
Single
Lamp
Lamp(single)
marked “D"
Total for the assembly of
two or more lamps
Front Position &
Front end-outline marker
4
60
42
84
Front Position incorporated
with Head-lamp
4
100
---
---
4
4
12
30
8.5
21
17
42
Stop (Category S1, Steady)
60
185
130
260
Stop (Category S2, Variable)
60
521
365
730
Rear Position (R1, Steady)
Rear Position (R2, Variable)
JASIC
57/116
Maximum Required Intensity :
*For rear position lamp reciprocally incorporated with stop lamp;
V
H
12cd Max.
H
5D
5D
60cd Max.
V
JASIC
58/116
Intensity ratio of rear position lamp and stop lamp :
Application : When the rear position lamp is reciprocally
incorporated with the stop lamp.
Required Field:
PA & SA
1 Stop
1 Position
V
+5º
(PA + SA) / PA >= 5
PA & SA
PB & SB
2 Stop
2 Position
H
-5º
-10º
H
V
+10º
PA, PB: Rear Position
SA, SB: Stop
(PA + PB + SA + SB) / (PA + PB) >= 5
1 Stop
2 Position
PA & SA
PB
(PA + PB + SA) / (PA + PB) >= 5
The intensities ratio
between the two lamps
should be at least 5 : 1 in
the above field.
JASIC
59/116
Minimum Required Intensity :
Category S3 & S4 stop lamp
V
Unit: cd
8
16
10º
8
5º
16
25
25
25
16
0º
16
25
25
25
16
5º
16
25
25
25
16
10º
5º
0º
H
5º
10º
JASIC
60/116
Minimum & Maximum Required Intensity : Category S3 & S4stop lamp
10º
5º
0º
5º
V
H
32
64
64
64
10º
100
100
100
64
100
100
100
100
100
100
32
64
64
64
5º
0º
5º
10º
Maximum Required Intensity
Single Lamp Lamp (single)
marked “D"
Unit: %
%
Total for the assembly of
two or more lamps
80
55
110
114
80
160
JASIC
61/116
Minimum Required Intensity :
Reversing lamp
10º
V
Unit: cd
10
25
10
20
25
20
5º
15
0º
15
25
50
80
50
25
15
5º
15
25
50
80
50
25
15
45º
30º
10º
0º
10º
15
30º
45º
H
In the case where the reversing lamp is intended to be installed on
a vehicle exclusively in a pair of devices, the photometric intensity
may be verified only up to an angle of 30 degrees inwards where a
photometric value of at least 25 cd shall be satisfied.
JASIC
62/116
Maximum Required Intensity :
V
Reversing lamp
300cd
H
H
600cd
5D
5D
8000cd
V
JASIC
63/116
Light Source (Common)
In the case of a single lamp containing more than one light source:
(i) all light sources which are connected in series are considered to be one
light source;
Series connection
+
One
_
+
Two series and parallel connection
+
_
Two
light source
_
light sources
_
_
+
+
JASIC
64/116
(ii) the lamp shall comply with the minimum intensity required when any one
light source has failed. However, for lamps designed for only two light
sources, 50 per cent of the minimum intensity in the axis of reference of
the lamp shall be considered sufficient, provided that a note in the
communication form states that the lamp is only for use on a vehicle fitted
with an operating tell-tale which indicates when any one of these two light
sources has failed.
Failed state
Normal state
Designed for two light source
operating
Tell-tale
Must comply with Minimum intensity
In the measurement
grid
V
H
50%
H
50 % of the minimum intensity
V
JASIC
65/116
(iii) when all light sources are illuminated, the maximum intensity specified for
a single lamp may be exceeded provided that the single lamp is not
marked "D" and the maximum intensity specified for an assembly of two
or more lamps is not exceeded."
Unit: cd
Light ON
Maximum Single Lamp
intensity may be exceeded
All light sources light ON
Light intensity Table
Function
Stop (Category S1)
Maximum
Single
Lamp
Lamp(single)
marked “D"
Total two or more
lamps
185
130
260
Not exceeded the Maximum
Value in this column
Not marked “D” in
the approval mark
JASIC
66/116
Minimum & Maximum Required Intensity :
Stop lamp
Direction Indicator
Intensity at H-V
Function
Min. (cd) Max. (cd)
Front Position Lamp
4
60
Rear Position Lamp
4
12
Stop Lamp
40
100
Category 11
90
700
Category 11a
175
700
Direction Indicator Category 11b
250
800
Category 11c
400
860
Category 12
50
350
Color
White
Red
Red
Amber
Amber
Amber
Amber
Amber
JASIC
67/116
Required Intensity [%] :
Stop lamp
Direction Indicator
10°
20
5°
10
35
V
5°
20
10
20
20
100
20°
10°
90
70
20
10°
20
70
90
5°
Unit: %
10
35
20
10
10°
20°
20
H
5°
JASIC
68/116
Minimum Required Intensity : Stop Lamp
Unit: cd
40x20%
8
8
10°
40x10%
5°
4
8
8
28
40x90%
14
V
5°
4
36
8
40
28
8
10°
20°
10°
36
5°
4
40x35%
14
8
4
8
H
5°
10°
20°
JASIC
69/116
Minimum Required Area and Intensity :
Stop
≧0.3cd
80L
40L
Front position or
Rear position
≧0.05cd
20U
10U
20L
20R
80R
40R
10D
Direction Indicator
Direction Indicator
Left-hand
≧0.3cd
80L
Right-hand
≧0.3cd
20U
10U
40L
20L
10D
20D
20R
40R
80R
JASIC
70/116
Light Source & Specification for Head/L
D2R
D2S
With shade
for SUB-beam
ECE R37 & 99
H7(Halogen)
ITEM
Rated Volts[V]
Watts [W]
Test voltage[V]
Watts [W]
Flux [lm]
H7
12
55
13.2
58 max.
1500
With shade
for SUB-beam
H4(Halogen)
ITEMS
D2R
D2S
Rated Volts[V]
12
Watts [W]
35
Test voltage[V]
85
Watts [W]
35
Flux [lm]
2,800
H4
Rated Volts[V]
12
Watts [W]
13.5
Lamp voltage
ITEM
60
Test voltage[V]
3,200
55
13.2
Watts [W]
75 max
68 max.
Flux [lm]
1250
750
JASIC
71/116
Principle of HL Light Distribution (ECE R112 - H4)
Passing Beam (Halogen)
H4 Inner
shade
JASIC
72/116
Principle of HL Light Distribution (ECE R112 - H4)
Main Beam (Halogen)
H4
JASIC
73/116
Photometric Beam Pattern (Left hand traffic
Beam Pattern
v
ECE R98 & 112)
Do not give glare to other
drivers and road users
h
h
v
Country
Traffic
China
Right
Indonesia
Left
Malaysia
Left
Philippines
Right
Thailand
Left
India
Left
Vietnam
Right
Saudi Arabia
Right
Japan
Left
Right hand is opposite
Down Inclination : 1%
Installation Height : 70Cm
0m
20Cm Down
20 m
40Cm Down
60Cm Down
40 m
60 m
JASIC
74/116
Aiming (ECE R98 & 112) (refer to the ECE-R48)
Low beam Cut-Off pattern on screen
Measurement distance: 25m
Screen (25m apart from the Lamp)
v
Cut-Off line situated 25cm (0.57D) down
from H-H line on this screen
h
h
0.57 D
Shoulder part
Elbow
Flat part
v
Undue
glare
Glaring light
25cm
[1%]
JASIC
Reg. No. 98 & 112 Light Distribution (HID & Halogen)
ECE-R98 Light Distribution Table
-15
Cut-off 0.57D
-10
-5
V
D2R
10
5
(LEFT HAND)
Unit: lx
15
75/116
20
1. max
3 Point計
0.3 min
5
EmaxR
70 max
ZoneII
6 max
3 Point計
0.6 min
H-V
1. max
B50R
0.5 max
5
Emax R
50 max
ZoneI
6 min
H
25L2
2 min
15L
1 min
-5
H
25L1
4 min
50L
20 min
50V
75L
12 min
20 min
25R1
30 max
50R
20 max
25R2
4 min
25R3
2 min
HID
15R
1 min
-5
ZoneIII
20 max
-20
-15
-10
-5
V
-5
V
5
10
Cut-off 0.57D
ECE-R112 Light Distribution Table
-15
-10
5
Zone III
0.7 max
3 Point計
0.3 min
10
0.7 max
0.2 min
75L
12 min
-5
-20
ZoneIV
3 min
5
H
75R
12 max
50V
6 min
50L
12 min
50R
15 max
-10
-5
V
5
10
Halogen
Reg. 112
25R
2 min
-5
ZoneI
2 min
-15
20
0.7 max
0.6 min
B50R
0.5 max
25L
2 min
15
20
3 Point計
0.6 min
5
H
15
(LEFT HAND)
Reg. 98
15
20
JASIC
Mean of Light Distribution of Head/L
76/116
v
Image not scale
50
ZONE3
50
B50R
h
75L
50L
50V
25L
h
75R
50R
25R
ZONE4
ZONE1
Opposite Side
Shoulder
v
Shoulder
Center line
JASIC
Reg. No. 113 Light Distribution for Motorcycle
77/116
v-v line
Class A, B, C, D and E
HV
0.57
D line
0.57D
h-h line
JASIC
78/116
Class A: Former No.56. Low beam only.
Class B: Former No.57.
Class C: Newly developed beam.
Mainly for motorcycle less than 125cc.
Class D: Newly developed beam.
Beam itself is same as class C but
higher intensities are required.
Mainly for motorcycle more than 125cc.
Class E: Newly developed beam for HID light source
Same beam pattern as Class C & D, but much
high intensities.
JASIC
79/116
Filament lamp for class B and C
Example of filament lamp
S2
HS5
12V 35/35W
650/465 lm@13.5V
12V 35/30W
620/515 lm@13.2V
JASIC
80/116
Filament lamp for class D
Example of filament lamp
H4
HB4
H11
12V 60/55W
1600/1000 lm@13.2V
12V 51W
1095 lm@13.2V
12V 55W
1350 lm@13.2V
JASIC
81/116
Photometric requirements for class C & D
On the screen at 25 m
JASIC
82/116
Photometric requirements for class C & D
Required illumination in lux at 25 m
TEST
POINT/
LINE/
ZONE
Position in B-β Grid in angular degrees
Vertical β**
Horizontal B**
Minimum
Maximum
Class D
Class C
Class D
Class C
> 125cc
≤ 125cc
> 125cc
≤ 125cc
1
0.86 D
3.5 R
2
0.86 D
0
3
0.86 D
3.5 L
2.3
15.4
4
0.50 U
1.50 L & 1.50 R
-
1.08
6
2.00 D
15 L & 15 R
1.28
0.64
-
7
4.00 D
20 L & 20 R
0.38
0.19
-
8
0
0
-
1.92
Line 11
2.00 D
9 L to 9 R
1.6
-
Line 12
7.00 U
10 L to 10 R
-
0.3; but 0.96 if within 2° cone
Line 13
10.00 U
10 L to 10 R
-
0.15; but 0.64 if within 2°
cone
Line 14
10 U to 90 U
0
-
0.15; but 0.64 if within 2°
cone
-
1.08
Zone 1
1U/8L-4U/8L-4U/8R-1U/8R-0/4R-0/1R-0.6U/0-0/1L0/4L-1U/8L
2.3
5.8
15.4
2.9
-
Zone 2
>4U to <10 U
10 L to 10 R
-
0.3; but 0.96 if
within 2° cone
Zone 3
10 U to 90 U
10 L to 10 R
-
0.15; but 0.64 if
within 2° cone
JASIC
83/116
Presentation Items
1. Definitions (R3, 6, 7, 23)
3. Markings
4. Approval
6. Intensity of light emitted (R3, 6, 7, 23)
7. Test procedure
JASIC
84/116
Test procedure
(ECE R3 - R/R)
Measurement principle
1. Measurement light is emitted by light source
R -- L
2. The light reflected at the Retro-Reflector
3. The reflected light reach the Photo-detector
Center of
Reference
Retro-Reflector
Photodetector
Reflected light
1.50deg.
U -- D
UP&DOWN
0.33deg.
30.48m
Goniometer
Lightsource
JASIC
85/116
Test procedure
(Lamp)
Measurement principle
Measurement light is emitted by light source in Lamp
R -- L
Center of
Reference
U -- D
3-10m or 25m
Goniometer
RC/L + Light Source + Test Stand
PhotoDetector
JASIC
86/116
Test procedure
(ECE R7)
Category S3 Stop lamp : interior mounting of the vehicle
In case of mounted inside the vehicle, a sample plate (rear
window glass) shall be positioned in front of the lamp to be tested
in the geometrical position(s) as described in the application
drawing(s).
Rear window
glass
Light trough the window glass
Rearward
Photo-detector
JASIC
87/116
Test procedure for LED light source
Non-replaceable Light:
Luminous Intensity
Operation
at HV
1
After one
Minute
Measured (A)
After 30
minutes
2Measured (B)
each Test Points
Maximum
5 Calculation
for Max
Calculate * Value
Calculate
*
(A / B) x C1, C2 ---
3
Measured (C1,C2---)
(A / B) x D
4 Measured (D)
* Can be calculated from the luminous intensity at 30Value
minutesfor
by applying
Min
at each test point the ratio of luminous intensities measured at HV after one
minute and after 30 minutes
JASIC
88/116
Test procedure
(ECE R37)
Replaceable light source :
All measurements shall be made with an un-colored or ambercolored standard filament lamp
Supply voltage : So regulated as to produce the reference
luminous flux, which use to standard filament lamp prescribed
for that category of lamp in ECE R37.
P21/5W
Electrical Photometric Characteristics
Rated Values
Volts
Watts
Test voltage
Objective
values
Volts
Watts
(max)
Luminous
flux +/- %
PY21W
12
21
WY21/5W
5
13.5
26.5
6.6
440
35
15
20
WY21
W
JASIC
89/116
Test procedure (equipment )
Test equipments for signal lamp photometry
Photo receiver
Power supply
Overview of photometric measurement
room
25 m Screen
2
& Control Dark room size 300m
Shade
h : 4m
パソコン
30m
Goniometer
8m
Screen
25m
PC10m
Rotating table
Blackout
board
No glossy black paint floor
JASIC
90/116
Test procedure (sample)
Step1: Preparation of samples (Lamp + Bulb + Stand)
Lamp
Test stand
Standard bulb
JASIC
91/116
Test procedure (setting)
Step2 : Set up the test stand and Lamp
on a Goniometer
Test stand & Lamp
Goniometer
JASIC
92/116
Test procedure (equipment)
Step3 : Set the power supply and chose a regulation
measurement table and push a start key.
JASIC
93/116
Test procedure (setting)
Example: Motorcycle headlamp
Test Sample
Test jig, demonstrate
vehicle condition
Standard lamp
Goniometer
JASIC
94/116
Test procedure : other requirements for headlamp
In addition to photometry and colour, other endurance tests are
specified in No.98, 112 and 113.
1. Test for Stability of Photometric Performance:
To check the durability of headlamp with heat caused by continuous
steady burning. With dirt on the lens 1 h, without dirt 12 h.
2. Tests for change in vertical position of the cut-off line under the
influence of heat:
To check whether cut-off is shifted and photometry is influenced as a
result that reflector, body and lens are deformed by lamp lighting heat
3. Tests for Resistance to mechanical deterioration of plastic lens:
To check the durability of lens surface against mechanical
deterioration like sand and soil.
JASIC
95/116
1. Test for Stability of Photometric Performance
Specified in Annex 4
JASIC
96/116
1. Test for Stability of Photometric Performance
Annex 8 - Overview of operational periods concerning test for
stability of photometric performance
1.P or D (HC or HR)
P or D
0
2.P+D(HCR)
12 h
Ｄ
P
0
3.P+D(HC/R)
6
6
12 h
Ｄ
P
Abbreviations:
0 6 12
P: passing beam lamp
D: driving beam lamp
--------: means a cycle of 15 minutes off and 5 minutes lit.
h
JASIC
97/116
2. Tests for change in vertical position of the cut-off line under the
influence of heat:
Specified in Annex 4
Purpose : Check whether cut-off is shifted and photometry is influenced as a result
that reflector, body and lens are deformed by lamp lighting heat
v
Measure the
vertical change of
cut-off line in
degree
h
h
v
JASIC
98/116
Other than mechanical deterioration, Annex 6 specifies following
test for lamps incorporating lenses of plastic material.
• Tests
– Resistance to temperature changes
– Resistance to atmospheric and chemical agents
To perform atmospheric test, xenon weather meter
machine is necessary and it will take at least 2
month as test period.
– Resistance to detergents and hydrocarbons
– Resistance to mechanical deterioration
– Test of adherence of coatings
– Tests of the complete headlamp
JASIC
99/116
Appendix 1 of Annex 6 - Chronological order of approval tests On
plastic materials
Samples
Lenses or
Tests
1
2
1.1. Limited photometry (para. 2.1.2.)
1.1.1. Temperature change (para. 2.1.1.)
1.1.2. Limited photometry (para. 2.1.2.)
1.2.1 Transmission measurement
x
x
1.2.2. Diffusion measurement
x
x
1.3. Atmospheric agents (para. 2.2.1.)
x
x
1.3.1. Transmission measurement
x
x
1.4. Chemical agents (para. 2.2.2.)
x
x
x
x
1.5. Detergents (para. 2.3.1.)
1.6. Hydrocarbons (para. 2.3.2.)
1.6.1. Transmission measurement
1.7. Deterioration (para. 2.4.1.)
1.7.1.Transmission measurement
1.8. Adherence (para. 2.5.)
samples of material
3
4
5
6
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
7
8
x
x
x
x
Lenses
9 10 11
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
12
x
x
x
13
x
JASIC
100/116
Appendix 1 (of Annex 6)
- Chronological order of approval tests on complete Headlamps
Complete headlamp
Tests
Sample No.
1
2
2.1. Deterioration (para. 2.6.1.1)
x
2.2. Photometry (para. 2.6.1.2.)
x
2.3. Adherence (para. 2.6.2.)
x
JASIC
101/116
Appendix
2 of Annex
6 - Methoddeterioration
of measurement
of the lens:
3. Tests
for Resistance
to mechanical
of plastic
diffusion and transmission of light
Equipment to measure the diffusion and transmission
JASIC
102/116
Appendix 3 (of Annex 6)- Spray testing equipments for mechanical
deterioration
Device spraying dirt & water
Transmission
measurement device
JASIC
103/116
Appendix 4 (of Annex 6)- Adhesive tape adherence test
Purpose and necessity
Lens is discolored and damaged as a result that hard coat paint
peels off easily. And then photometry is influenced.
Judge based on the number of lattice unit peeled off
Tape
Cutter
Cut the coating
on lens into a grid of
2 x 2mm within the lens
area of 20 x 20mm
Adhere regulated
tape onto lens
Keep it for 5mins
Peel it off at regulated
speed
JASIC
104/116
Presentation Items
3. Markings
4. Approval
7. Test procedure
JASIC
105/116
Color of light emitted
WHITE :
towards blue : x => 0.310
towards yellow : x =< 0.500
towards green : y =< 0.150 + 0.640x
towards green : y =< 0.440
towards purple : y => 0.050 + 0.750x
towards red : y => 0.382
S-Yellow
0.6
y =< 1.29x - 0.100
White
0.5
SELECTIVE-YELLOW :
towards red : y => 0.138 + 0.580x
towards green : y =< 1.29x - 0.100
towards white : y => -x + 0.966
towards
spectral value : y =< -x + 0.992
y =< -x + 0.992
y => -x + 0.966
y =< 0.440
y => 1.38 + 0.580x
y =< x - 0.120
y =< 0.790 - 0.670 x
y => 0.390
y =< 0.150 + 0.640x
0.4
Y
x =< 0.500
x => 0.310
AMBER:
towards green y =< x - 0.120
towards red: y => 0.390
towards white: y =< 0.790 - 0.670 x
RED:
towards yellow: y =< 0.335
towards purple: y => 0.980 - x
Amber
y =< 0.335
y => 0.382
0.3
Red
y => 0.050 + 0.750x
y => 0.980 - x
0.2
0.3
X
.
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
JASIC
106/116
Presentation Items
3. Markings
4. Approval
7. Test procedure
JASIC
107/116
Reg. No. 37 & 99 Light Source
No.37 supplement 31 to the 03 series
specifies the requirements of filament lamp and their
approval procedure.
86 filament lamps are categorized into three groups.
Group 1:
34 filament lamps without general restrictions
Group 2:
49 filament lamps only for mainly signaling lamps
Group 3:
3 filament lamps only for replacement purpose
JASIC
Major items of technical requirements in No.37
- Filament position and dimensions
- Luminous flux
- Colour of light emitted
White, Selective Yellow, Amber, Red
- UV radiation
applicable only for halogen lamp
- Cap shall be in accordance with IEC 60061
No interchangeability with other categories
108/116
JASIC
109/116
Filament position and dimensions
f
Filament
Shield
l
Optical Magnification
Projector
JASIC
110/116
Measurement of luminous flux by Sphere
Sphere for
Equipment for
integrating
measurement
Standard filament lamp H4
JASIC
111/116
Example of Standard filament lamp: HS5
To verify photometric performance,
standard filament lamp shall be used.
A
50max
e
3/
Standard filament lamp:
Ø24.5
max
Reference axis 2 /
B
Reference plane 1 /
Dimension(mm)
e
Location of filament is within small tolerance
specified as standard one, and voltage &
current are confirmed to have reference
luminous flux.
Standard
Mass production
26.0±0.30
26.0±0.15
Standard
Mass production
Filament
Rated voltage(V)
Rated wattage(W)
Test voltage(V)
Luminous flux(lm)
Tolerance(%)
High
Low
30
13.2
620
515
15
Low
12
12
35
High
35
30
approximately 12
460
380
－
JASIC
112/116
specifies the requirements of gas-discharge light source
and their approval procedure.
8 gas-discharge light sources are categorized.
D1S: 35W, 3200 lm, with igniter
D1R: 35W, 2800 lm, with igniter and stripe
D2S: 35W, 3200 lm, without igniter
D3S: 35W, 3200 lm, with igniter
D3 and D4 have been
D3R: 35W, 2800 lm, with igniter and stripe developed as mercury
D4S: 35W, 3200 lm, without igniter
free light source
JASIC
113/116
Outer tube to cut UV
Stripe to form
the cut off
D4S: 35W, 3200 lm
D4R: 35W, 2800 lm
JASIC
114/116
Major items of technical requirements in No.99
- Position and dimensions of electrodes, arc and stripes
- Luminous flux
- Colour of light emitted
White, Selective Yellow
- UV radiation
- Cap shall be in accordance with
IEC 60061
No interchangeability with other
categories
JASIC
115/116
Position and dimensions of electrodes, arc and stripes
Reversal image of arc and
its measurement point
A: Arc
A’: Magnified real
image of the arc A
D: Optical system
to magnify
Optical setup for the measurement of the
position and form of the arc and of the
position of the electrodes by Annex 5 of
Reg.No.99
Annex 1 of Reg.No.99
r: Curve of arc
s: Diffusion of arc
JASIC
116/116
END
Thank
Thank you
you for
for your
your attention
attention
JASIC
117/116
Light Flux [lm]:
Amount of light which is emitted
light in a per unit area of a light
source
Light Intensity [cd]:
Intensity of light from a
light source
Illuminance [lx]:
Brightness of a virtual surface
apart from a light source which
is illuminated by light
Luminance [cd/m2]:
Brightness of a surface of a
object which is a light or a
diffusion light from the
object in a per unit area.
CONFORMITY ASSESSMENT
Mohd Hamim Imam Mustain
Head
Product Certification Section
SIRIM QAS International Sdn. Bhd.
WHAT IS CONFORMITY ASSESSMENT
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) defines…
A name given to processes that are used to
demonstrate that a product or service or a
management system meets the ISO/IEC Standards
and Guides.
WHAT IS CONFORMITY ASSESSMENT
• Influential mechanism in facilitating domestics
trades within countries as well as international
trades between countries.
• Therefore very important for a party or country to
understand the trade partners requirements,
therefore having a harmonize conformity assessment
process will help to reduce the gaps.
• To achieve harmonization, ISO/IEC Standards for
conformity assessment process are available as a
basis for compliance.
HOW CONFORMITY ASSESSMENT WORKS..?
• FIRST PARTY – When the conformity assessment to a
specified standard or specification is performed by the
organization itself ( Supplier’s Declaration of Conformity)
• SECOND PARTY – When the conformity assessment to a
specified standard or specification is performed by the
customer of the organization.
• THIRD PARTY – When the conformity assessment activity is
performed by a body independent of the organization and
user of the product. Example is a certification body who
certify a safety helmet manufacturer complies with the
Malaysian Standard MS 1:1996
THE MECHANISM FOR PERFORMING CA..
• TESTING – The most common form of conformity
assessment. To ensure credibility of the test
report produced, the laboratory might to consider
to use the ISO/IEC Standard (ISO/IEC 17025:2005 –
Requriement for the competency of testing and
calibration laboratories) as a basis for attaining a
competency to perform the test.
• INSPECTION – An examination on the huge range of
products and then produce report as whether the
product having acceptable quality, continue safe for
use or fit for the purpose. The ISO/IEC 17020:1998 –
Criteria for the operation of various type of bodies
performing inspection.
• PRODUCT CERTIFICATION – The ISO/IEC Guide 65 –
Requirement for bodies operating product
certification scheme, can be used with other
standards or guides to demonstrate
product
conformance.
• Element of product certification is generally
depend on the risk level of the consumer. It may
constitue only once-off Type Testing for very low
risk product or a combination of Type Testing,
assessment of the factory’s quality system and
followed by surveillance program for very high risk
product.
• MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CERTIFICATION – ISO 9001
and ISO 14000 are two prominent standards used by
an independent body for certifying organization’s
management system. The ISO/IEC 17021 is the
standards for the independent body performing this
conformity assessment
• PERSONNEL CERTIFICATION.
• ACCREDITATION OF CERTIFICATION BODY.
THE BENEFITS OF CONFORMITY ASSESSMENT
• Consumer – Consumer has better confidence over certified
product and in the event the certified products are
defective, consumer might be allowed to seek for remedies.
• Factory – The manufacturer of the product would have
peace of mind that they have implemented the quality
system within their organization successfully. Certification
as compliance to any specification give extra competetive
edge over those that do not.
• Regulators – Allows them to make the conformity
assessment obligatory when involve health, safety and / or
environmental issues. Execution of their roles, such as
prohibition of sales or use of product is possible to be based
on the conformity assessment program.
DEFINITION – as according to ISO/IEC Guide 67
Product Certification
A procedure by which a third party gives written
assurance that a product conforms to specified
requirements
RELEVANT STANDARDS / GUIDELINES FOR PRODUCT CERTIFICATION
ISO/IEC Guide 17025: General Requirements For The
Competence of Calibration and
Testing Laboratories
ISO/IEC Guide 28:
General Rules For A Model Third
Party Certification System For
Products
ISO/IEC Guide 67:
Conformity Assessment –
Fundamentals Of Product
Certification
RELEVANT STANDARDS / GUIDELINES FOR PRODUCT CERTIFICATION
ISO/IEC Guide 65:
General Requirements For Bodies Operating
Product Certification Systems
(now under revision – ISO/IEC 17065)
ISO/IEC 17030:
Conformity Assessment – General
Requirements For Third Party Marks Of
Conformity
ISO/IEC Guide 17007: Guidelines For Drafting of Standards
Suitable For Use For Conformity
Assessment
BASICS OF PRODUCT CERTIFICATION
Product Certification incorporates at least the following three
functional processes:
1. Selection (Sampling)
2. Determination
3. Review and Attestation
Various other processes may be included, example
- Assessment of production process
- Sampling from the market
SELECTION (SAMPLING)
Selection (Sampling) involves planning and preparation activities in order
to collect or produce all the information and input needed for the
subsequent determination function. Selection (sampling) includes the
following:
•
•
•
Selection of the object of the conformity assessment (product)
Selection of the object’s specified requirements (in many cases
a product standard or specification)
Choice of the most appropriate procedure to be used for the
determination activities.
DETERMINATION
Determination activities are undertaken to develop complete
information regarding fulfillment of the specified
requirements by the object of conformity assessment.
Some types of determination activities are testing, inspection,
design appraisal, assessment of services and auditing.
REVIEW AND ATTESTATION
Review constitutes the final stage of checking before taking the important
decision as to whether or not the object of conformity assessment has
reliably demonstrated to fulfill the specified requirements
Attestation results in a “statement” in a form that most readily reaches all
of the potential users
For a specific product, different people make the decision from those
who undertake the determination function
According to the specific product certification system, several elements
of the product certification system can be subcontracted. The decision
on certification should not be subcontracted.
WHICH CERTIFICATION SYSTEM ?
ISO/IEC 17007 states that:
The choice of conformity assessment approach should be
based upon risk management. Before deciding to develop
a conformity assessment system, a risk assessment should
be undertaken. Once the risks have been identified, the
developer and/or user of the conformity assessment system
will be in a better position to select which conformity
assessment system.
WHICH CERTIFICATION SYSTEM ?
Example of factors for consideration:
-
complexity of product to be certified and standard
cost / market / interested parties
risk
is surveillance required?
Types 1 and 5 are the most common
- CB/owner of the mark decides and must justify to AB
- AB checks
- CB can choose stronger system
CERTIFICATION SYSTEMS – CERTIFICATES AND MARKS
System
Certificate
CB’s mark on product
Type 1a
Type 1b
Type 2
Type 3
Type 4
Type 5
Type 6
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No (Guide 65, Clause 13.4)
Up to CB
Up to CB
Up to CB
Up to CB
Up to CB
Up to CB
SIRIM QAS PRODUCT
CERTIFICATION PROCESS
HISTORY
Established in 1972;
First product to be certified is the motorcyclist helmet to the then
1st Malaysian Standard MS 1:1969
Provides independent assurance for products manufactured to
conform consistently with pertinent standards and specifications;
Gives manufacturers right to affix the SIRIM “Top Mark” on their
products;
Assures customers of product quality and safety;
Voluntary (unless made mandatory by regulatory bodies).
RECOGNITION
Late 2004 Product Certification Section
achieved its accreditation from Department of
Standards Malaysia.
Making it the first certification body that provides
accredited Product Certification service in
Malaysia.
PRODUCT CERTIFICATION PROCESS
Enquiry
Application
Document evaluation
Factory audit
Continue
- Information Package supplied to client
- Product Certification Questionnaire submitted
- Quotation issued to client
- Application form + accompanying product information +
fees
- Evaluation of documents submitted and test report and
issuance of Acknowledgement of Receipt of Documents
for the Product Certification Scheme
- Inspection conducted to examine QC plan adequacy, test
equipment adequacy and calibration and record keeping
system
- Verification of components/materials and finished product
PRODUCT CERTIFICATION PROCESS
Sample selection &
Testing
Recommendation and
Approval
Continue
- Selection of samples from production for testing
- Certification Report preparation and recommendation to the
Certification Panel
- Approval by the Certification Panel
MAINTAINING CERTIFICATION
Factory Surveillance
And
Market Sampling
Did not comply
Suspension
/
Revocation
Comply
Renewal
CERTIFICATION MARKS
FOR PRODUCTS
CERTIFICATION MARKS FOR PRODUCTS
SIRIM
SIRIM
SIRIM
SIRIM
SIRIM LABELS
Regulated
Non-Regulated
Thank You
SIRIM QAS International Sdn Bhd
Block 8, Persiaran Dato' Menteri
P.O. Box 7035, Section 2,
40911 Shah Alam, MALAYSIA
Tel: 603-55446400, Fax : 603-55446810
www.sirim-qas.com.my
ELEMENTS OF PRODUCT CERTIFICATION SYSTEMS
ELEMENTS OF
PRODUCT
CERTIFICATION
SYSTEM
1
2
Selection (Sampling)
Determination of
characteristics
- Testing (17025)
- Inspection (17020)
- Design Appraisal
- Assessment of
Services
Review
Decision on Certification
Licensing / Attestation2
(Right to use the Mark)
Surveillance
- Testing or inspection of
samples from open
market
3
4
5
6
•
•
•
-
Testing or inspection of
samples from the factory
-
Quality System Audits
-
Assessment of the
production process
PRODUCT CERTIFICATION SYSTEMS
1a
x
x
1b
x
x
21
x
x
3
x
x
4
x
x
5
x
x
6
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
N
x
x
x
x
x
A product certification system should include at least elements 2), 3) and 4).
System 1a = sampling may or may not be statistically significant of the entire
population (e.g: Prototype Test)
System 1b = sampling covers the entire population.
Note
) Include initial assessment of the production process or the quality system as applicable.
1
2
) When CB authorizes the continuing use of its certification mark on the certified
product, the CB shall periodically evaluate the marked products to confirm that they
continue to conform to the standards.
Vision & Conspicuity –
Road Safety Point of View
Mohd Khairudin Rahman
Zulhaidi Mohd Jawi
Aqbal Hafeez Ariffin
Khairil Anwar Abu Kassim
Siti Atiqah Mohd Faudzi
Vehicle Safety & Biomechanics - MIROS
International Whole Vehicle Type Approval (IWVTA) & Vehicle Lighting
Seminar
6-7 August 2009
Science Behind It
y Eyes – organ that detects light
y Signal sent to brain via optic nerve
y Brain – processes the signal
y So, absence of either light or eye
will disable vision
y Driving at night????
Road Safety Concern
y Driving needs real-time information so that driver or
road user can react accordingly
y In road safety, with regards to lighting, two elements
being the main concern:
y Vision
y Conspicuity
Vision
y SEEING OTHERS
y The result of visual perception
y Vision provides 90% of the information needed while
on the road (Evans, 2004)
y Reduced visibility will increase the risk of road
accident
Conspicuity
y BEING SEEN
y The quality of being conspicuous:
-
Obvious
Stands out from others
Attracting attention
Noticeable
y Reduction in these qualities will also
increase accident risk
Ideal Condition
y Human
- Perfect vision
- “Silhouette” for pedestrian
y Road
- Signs and markings
- Road lighting
y Vehicle
- Excellent lighting system and accessories
- Bright vehicle color
The Reality
y Vision and conspicuity problems:
y Human
- Age
- Dress
- Gender
y Road & Environment
- Night
- Road environment
- Weather
y Vehicle
- Vehicle Appearance
- VEHICLE LIGHTING
Vision and conspicuity problems:
y Human
- Age
- Dress
- Gender
- Night
- Road environment
- Weather
y Vehicle
- Vehicle Lighting
“Human Error”
y Sole factor in 57% and contributing factor in 92% of
vehicle accidents. (Treat et al, 1977)
y Limited processing ability
y Rely on three mental functions
- Perception
- Attention
- Memory
y “Human error” when a driver fails to avoid an
accident
What causes “human
error”?
y Steady flow of information
- Visual
- Auditory
- Internal
y Demand exceeds supply when:
-
Driving fast
Poor visibility
Focusing on car close ahead
Age, drugs, alcohol, fatigue
How golden citizens
see the world
20 years old
60 years old
75 years old
y Human
- Age
- Dress
- Gender
- Night
- Road environment
- Weather
y Vehicle
- Vehicle Lighting
Road & Environment
Issues
y Poor visibility of road signs and markings
y Dark time
- Pedestrian fatality rate is 3x higher at night
y Poor weather
- Rain
- Fog
Rain & Fog
y Rain
- Rain impairs driver vision
- “Backscatter” – light is reflected from rain drops in the
air. Thus, low beam is more useful
- Lower lighting effectiveness
- Difficulty to see through car windshield
• Fog
- Driver cannot see far ahead
- Affect perceptual judgments of speed and distance
y Human
- Age
- Dress
- Gender
- Night
- Road environment
- Weather
y Vehicle
- VEHICLE LIGHTING
Vehicle Issues
y Vehicle color vs crash risk (MUARC, 2007)
- Daylight crash: Black, grey, and silver car is 12%, 11%,
and 10% more likely than white car.
- Nighttime crash: Red and silver is 10% and 8% more
likely than white car.
y Automotive Lighting
-
Condensation
Cracked and dirty
Not well maintained
Inferior products
Retro-reflective markings
y To increase conspicuity of vehicle and indicate its
size and shape.
y Usually is targeted to commercial vehicles – many
rear collisions involving these vehicles
Example of contour marking.
Taken from UNECE R104: Retro-reflective marking
for heavy vehicles
MIROS Evidence-Based
Research and Projects
with regards to lighting
• Preliminary assessment on public awareness of safety items
(rear light, retro-reflective marker) on commercial vehicle
• Crash reconstruction
Preliminary Study
y Objectives:
- To assess public awareness on safety items (retroreflective marker, lighting) for heavy vehicle
conspicuity
- To educate the public on the importance of having
those safety items being installed on heavy vehicle
y Method:
- Questionnaire
- Sample respondents – 107
- Venue – Seremban PLUS R&R (South and North
bound)
Factors contributing to poor vehicle conspicuity
Rear Lamp
Crash Reconstruction
Before impact
After impact
y “Hot Shock” – light bulb filament deformation.
y A hot filament will stretch out, uncoil or even tangle
without or before breaking
Q&A
Quiz Question No. 10
y What is the term for “light bulb filament
deformation”?
Thank You
Vehicle Type
Approval(VTA)
In Malaysia & Way To
Move Forward
Ir.Mohamad Bin Dalib
Automotive Engineering Div.
Road Transport Dept. Msia (JPJ)
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
INTRODUCTION
VTA CERTIFICATION IN MALAYSIA
CURRENT PROCEDURES
CURRENT PREPARATION
NEW C&U BRIEFING
FUTURE PLAN
CONCLUSION
World Forum for Harmonization
of Vehicle Regulations
(UN/ECE/WP29)
1998
GTR
Agreements
1958
ECE
Output
1997
Rule
MALAYSIA WAS ACCEDED TO WP29 ON 4th April 2006
9
9
9
9
Vehicle Type Approval(VTA) is a certification process by the
Government to ensure that motor vehicles have complied with
technical standards, regulations, Rules & Act.
VTA certification is concerned the safety and environment before
they are permitted to be sold and operated on the road.
National Committee For Type Approval & Homologation was setup
to ensure all the procedures listed in 1958 Agreement will be
implemented smoothly especially Regulations related to safety
elements.
VTA’s committee structure :
Chair : Director General JPJ
Secretariat : Automotive Engineering , JPJ
Members : MOT, SIRIM, MITI, DOE,STANDARD MALAYSIA,
MIROS, PUSPAKOM, KDRM, KPDN
JPJ
Manufacturer
Complie
s All
Rules &
Act
Required
(RTD Ac
t&
Rules)
Application
A package of standards
A package of standards
/Rules/Act Listed in VTA
/Rules/Act Listed in VTA
Application form
Application form
Self-Declaration of every
Self-Declaration of every
standards used at the vehicles
standards used at the vehicles
Manufacturer
ISSUE
CERTIFICATE
Examines where necessary
verifies (documents, standards
compliances, etc...)
JPJ + VTA Committee
Presentation by JPJ.
Examines & Tests –
Performance & Road
Worthiness Test ( Perform by
JPJ, witness by committee
members)
JPJ + VTA Committee
Discussion on Approval
Min : 20 Working Days

Establishment Of National Vehicle Type
Approval (VTA) Standard Operating Procedures
(SOP) & Guidelines.
Implementation Of UNECE Regulations for
certain type of vehicle category
Classification Of Motor Vehicles based to
UNECE for VTA purposes (L,M,N,O,etc..)
Approval by VTA committee for every
application

Set the applicable standards to certain types
of vehicles from 1st January 2009 through
VTA guidelines agreed by committee.
Proposed to have the full implementation
on 1st January 2011. Final decision will be
finalized by WP29 Committee conducted
by MOT within this year.
Ref. UN/ECE/WP29/RE3, 2007/46/EEC
L
Motor cycle
M1
Passenger
vehicle
M2,M3
Bus
N1
Light duty truck
N2, N3
Heavy duty truck
O
Trailer

M category (M1)
R6, R7,R13,R14,R16,R17,R30,R51,R83,R48,
R98, R99, R112
L category (L3)
R3, R6,R28,R40,R41,R50,R53,R75,R78
N category (N2,N3)
R6,R7,R13,R14,R16,R17,R51,R54,R69,
R70,R83,R48, R98,R99,R104,R108, R109,
R112
Details can be referred to VTA guidelines

9
9
9
9
JPJ’s target is to gazette all UNECE Regulations. JPJ
proposed to implement the latest version of UNECE
Reg. so that the harmonization can be achieved.
Vehicle Dimension (Max. For Rigid)
Height : 4.2m or 1.75 x Rear Wheel Track (RWT) –
Whichever is lower
Width : 2.5m
Length : 14.5 m (steerable rear axle, dedicated route,
etc.)
ROH : 60% x WB (Max. 3.7m)

9
9
9
9
9
9
Vehicle Dimension (Max. For Articulated)
Height : 1.75 x RWT or 4.2m (whichever is lower)
Width : 2.5m
Length : 18 m , B-double : 25 m, Trailer : 9m
ROH : 60% x WB (Max. 3.7m)
Turning Circle : 25m
No Protrusion (Rear drawer, etc is not allowed)

9
9
9
9
9
Alteration / Modification
Change of Engine : Same capacity & model only
All modification shall comply to UNECE Reg.
requirements if applicable
No snow or regrooved tyres allowed
No left-hand drive vehicle allowed for commercial
purposes.
Chain for motorcycle shall comply to MS 996 :
Motorcycle chain and sprocket

9
¾
¾
¾
¾
¾
Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)
VIN (Chassis No.) : Shall comply to :
MS 1743 : WMI codes for VIN
MS 1744 : VIN location
MS ISO 3779 : VIN Structure
MS ISO 3780 : WMI codes
MS ISO 4100 : Worlds Parts Manufacturing
Identifier (WPMI) Codes
¾
¾
¾
To regulate VTA certification system base to
vehicle categories with reference to MS 1822 :
Classification Of Motor Vehicles
To perform road worthiness test using
appropriate equipments & test track ( R&D )
To gazette new C&U by Disember 2009.

All VTA certification will be endorsed by VTA
committee members.
All standards that have been used by vehicles must
be declared by original manufacturers.
All VTA certification processes will be in
accordance with reference to UNECE Regulations.
THANK YOU
19th Asia Expert Meeting on IWVTA and Lights
Minutes of Meeting
1. Date
: August 6 and 7, 2009
2. Place
: Auditorium, SIRIM (Standards and Industrial Research Institute
of Malaysia)
3. Hosts
: JPJ (Malaysia’s Road Transport Department), SIRIM, MIROS
(Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research)
4. Attendance from Malaysia: About 150 persons from MOT, JPJ, SIRIM, MIROS,
MAA (Malaysian Automotive Association), domestic automakers such as Proton
and Perodua, part manufacturers, technical services such as TUV, University of
Malaysia, and JAMA Singapore Office (Mr. Minamoto)
5. Attendance from Japan : Four persons from Japan, who were Mr. Fujita,
Toyota/Head of lighting device working group, JASIC; Mr. Suzuki, Stanley
Electrics; Mr. Saito, Nissan/presenter of the 1958 Agreement –related issues;
and Mr. Akiba, JASIC/presenter of IWVTA-related issues.
6. Outline of Meeting
Mr. Asmadi, vice director of SIRIM, gave a welcoming address on behalf of the
hosts of the meeting and Mr. Abdul Rahman, Secretary of Land Division, Ministry
of Transport Malaysia made an opening speech. In the two days sessions that
followed, Mr. Akiba from JASIC first gave a key note speech and presentations
and Q&A sessions followed as shown below.
<JASIC>
(1) Realization of MRA Under the 1958 Agreement
(Mr. Saito, Nissan/WP29 working group, JASIC)
Gave a presentation on the organization of UNECE/WP29, the outline of the 1958
Agreement, and the procedure and effects of the adoption of the UNECE
Regulations as a Contracting Party to the 1958 Agreement.
The presentation allowed the attendance to improve understanding of how they
can be more effective in the adoption of the UNECE Regulations that Malaysia has
been promoting as a Contracting Party to the 1958 Agreement.
(2) Vehicle Certification System
(Mr. Akiba, JASIC)
Presented how a vehicle certification system should be, the outline of the
elements considered to be important of IWVTA that Japan intends to propose in
the future, how the government and technical services should be in adopting the
UNECE Regulations, etc. and hoped Malaysia would contribute at UN to the
development of the vehicle certification system as a Contracting Party to the
1958 Agreement.
Further, commented Malaysia’s schedule to adopt UNECE Regulations announced
at the meeting of WP29 in June. He appreciated the earlier announcement of the
adoption schedule but recommended a further refining of the schedule.
(3) UNECE R48 Installation of Lights
(Mr. Fujita, Toyota/Head of lighting device working group, JASIC)
Presented UNECE R48 in an easy-to-understand way, from the rulemaking
process of WP29 to legal requirements and testing method philosophy for each
lighting and light-signalling device.
(4) UNECE Regulations on Lighting and Light-Signalling Devices of Two-Wheeled
and Four-Wheeled Vehicles
(Mr. Suzuki, Stanley Electric/Lighting device working group, JASIC)
Presented related regulations, which exist in an extremely large number, in an
easy-to-understand way, focusing on their requirements and testing methods.
Many questions were asked from manufacturers of related parts, showing a high
level of the attendance’s interest in this area.
<Presentations by the Ministry of Transport, Malaysia>
(1) Conformity Assessment
(Mr. Mohd Hamin/Director of Industrial Certification Department, SIRIM)
Presented the concepts of CA prescribed in ISO. From the viewpoint of SIRIM
explained in an easy-to-understand way certification systems used under the
1958 Agreement and COP guarantees.
(2) Important Elements from the Viewpoint of Road Safety
(Mr. Mohd Khairudin, Biomechanics department, MIROS)
Discussed the questions of pedestrians, road and vehicle elements from the
viewpoint of ensuring the driver’s vision.
Explained the results of studies at MIROS on:
- Age, clothing, gender, etc. as “pedestrians” elements,
- Lighting at night, road environment, weather effects, etc. as “road” elements,
and
- Color, light-signalling device, etc. as “vehicle” elements.
(3) Vehicle Certification Policy of Malaysia
(Mr. Mohamad, who is to be appointed Technical Director, JPJ on August 10, 2009)
Presented the outline of the vehicle certification system of Malaysia and
explained the composition of the certification committee (Chairman: JPJ-DG;
Members: Delegates from MOT, SIRIM, MITI, DOE, DOSM, MIROS, PUSPAKOM,
KDRM, and KPDN).
Further, explained the UNECE Regulations that Malaysia is going to adopt in its
vehicle certification system as a Contracting Party to the 1958 Agreement and
showed its adoption schedule up to 2011.
The presentation was rich and very informative, including the explanation on the
parallel adoption of many other regulations.
In the presentation, it was also confirmed that Malaysia has decided to adopt all
the latest UNECE Regulations eventually.
This will give JASIC another challenge of successfully helping Malaysia’s work in
the future.
Principal Q&A on the first day
Q: What are the requirements to join WP29?
A: In principle, you can join it freely, but basically it is a government-level
meeting. There are many NGO among the participants, so you can either join it as
an NGO or as a government. All depends on which way the Malaysian government
takes.
Q: What is the relationship between ISO and ECE?
A: They are in a good relationship. (An advertisement of GTB was made seizing
the opportunity.)
Q: How are the issues of electric two-wheel vehicles in Japan going?
A: I think we’ll have to have a certain category for that, but so far we haven’t. So
in Japan they are not approved. In the future, there’ll be a problem if we don’t
create a category.
Q: To what extent is RE3 effective?
A: Just seeing UNECE quoting the contents of RE3, you’ll see it’s very important.
And that it’s even more important when you think of future IWVTA.
Q: What do you think of the use of HID over 2000 lm? Isn’t it too much glaring?
A: We reduce glaring with automatic leveling device and headlamp cleaner.
Q: Can the authority check the manufacturer’s COP at any time?
A: The purpose of the COP is not to check the manufacturer.
The manufacturer is required to guarantee the COP.
The technical service and the manufacturer are supposed to be in a relationship
of trust. It’s not worthwhile checking products that haven’ caused any problem on
the market.
Q: What do you think of quoting JIS, other than ECE Regulations, as standard?
A: ECE Regulations are sufficient. For harmonization purpose, we don’t
recommend that you quote JIS.
Q: Do you have any recommendations for the promotion of IWVTA?
A: Which items to choose should be decided according to the situation of each
country. I think Japan’s choice of IWVTA items will give you a good reference.
Q: What do you think of introducing ISO Standards in addition to ECE
Regulations?
A: ECE Regulations alone are sufficient. For harmonization purpose, we don’t
recommend that you quote ISO.
Q: What’s the best way to promote MRA?
A: To get countries who haven’t joined yet the 1958 Agreement to join it, get
many countries to join WP29, and get them to adopt as many ECE items as
possible.
Q: Are HIDs approved in Japan?
A: They are approved by ECE Regulations, Japan has adopted the ECE
Regulations, so they are approved in Japan. Only, you have to satisfy the
requirements prescribed in such regulations. The R48 requires an automatic
leveling device and a headlamp cleaner. You also have to satisfy the requirements
prescribed in R98 and 99 on which Mr. Suzuki is going to give a presentation
tomorrow. Because of this requirement for an automatic leveling device and a
headlamp cleaner, HIDs have so far been adopted only by high-end models in
Japan. Still yet, as Japanese government recommends them as safety equipment,
the rate of penetration reaches 30%. I think it’s the highest rate in the world.
Even in Europe, the penetration rate is around 10%.
Comments from Mr. Nizam: it’s not good to put it as a conversion (there are many
cases of illegal conversion from halogen lamps to HIDs).
Q: How come DRLs are effective in northern countries but not much in southern
countries?
A: This diagram shows the actual results of accident data in countries where DRLs
are mandatory or optional. We don't know exactly why. My guess is that in
northern countries, winter is long and twilight hours are long but they are short in
southern countries. In Japan, we have once had taxis and home-delivery vans
keep their headlamps on in the daytime but we didn't get any data that says
accident rate dropped clearly for that.
For your information, although they are currently prohibited in Japan, we are
studying DRLs considering the possibility of establishing a new standard in the
future.
Q: What’s the range for white color?
A: It's as prescribed by the chromaticity coordinate range established by the CIE,
International Commission on Illumination.
Q: How many countries have adopted ECE Regulations on lamps?
A: I don’t know exactly, but I guess most of the Contracting Parties to the 1958
Agreement have adopted them. Only the U.S. and Canada have adopted other
regulations such as FMVSS and CMVSS. We have once tried at GRE to establish
GTR on the installation of lamps for harmonization, but unfortunately we are at a
standstill now.
Q: What’s the percentage of vehicles in compliance with R48 in Japan?
A: In Japan, almost 100% of vehicles are in compliance with R48. By the way, the
U.S. is different. Once we tried harmonization, but we are at a standstill from
differences of cultures.
Principal Q&A on the second day
Q: How will LED be treated in the regulations?
A: There are movements to standardize signalling LEDs and establish a new
regulation, but the use is not mandatory, you are free to use non-replacement
type LEDs. I think it's too early to use them for headlamps when you think of
further improvement of the efficiency of LEDs.
Q: How are rear fog lamps treated in Japan?
A: They are used as effective lamps in northern regions such as Hokkaido.
Q&A after Malaysian Presentations
Conformity Assessment by SIRIM:
Q: How do you plan the adoption of regulations at SIRIM?
A: This year we are going to introduce regulations on helmets and tires. For tires,
we have already introduced testing facilities.
Vision Conspicuity by MIROS:
The problem of glare in rain in the daytime and in fog is important. Maybe we
shouldn't use headlamps, but instead, we are more likely to look over road signs.
Questions from JPJ on VTA (Vehicle Type Approval) of Malaysia
Q: Is there any recall system?
A: We have recalled two-wheelers, but as a system we haven’t it yet.
Q: If you fail VTA, how many times you can try re-application?
A: We will give you a letter indicating what should be corrected how.
Q: You said you will start from January 1, 2011. Is the date a definite one?
A: January 1, 2011 is a target. If you have any problems on the manufacturers
side, please let us know your opinions. If we receive any comments, we will study
them and discuss the date of implementation, etc. with you. If we don’t receive
any comments, we will implement as planned.