Atmospheric observaTon from ISS -‐ Lesson from SMILES -‐

Atmospheric observa0on from ISS -­‐ Lesson from SMILES -­‐
Yasko KASAI NICT Tokyo Ins0tute of Technology 1
Thanks to SMILES Project Members in NICT and JAXA
NICT SMILES members Leader: Yasko Kasai (NICT/ Tokyo Ins0tute of Tech) Instrument and L1b: Satoshi Ochiai, Ken Kikuchi, (Toshiyuki Nishibori) L2 research: Hideo Sagawa, Tomohiro Sato, Jana Mendrok(Lulea U.), Joachim Urban, Joakim Muller, Donal Murtagh (Chalmers U.) Valida0on: Yasko Kasai, Kengo Yokoyama, Kota Kuribayashi, Hideo Sagawa, Akiko Kagawa, Climatology: Daniel Kreyling Modeling: Ralph Lehmann, Yasutaka Hiraki NICT Students (9students): Tomohiro Sato, Kota Kuribayashi(Tokyo Ins0tute of Technology), Mona Mahani (Tohoku University), Kengo Yokoyama, Miku Uemura (Osaka Pre. Uni.), Yuji Tachibana (Chiba University), Takayoshi Yamada, Nawo Suzuki, Tomomi Kunimoto (Gakugei University) JAXA SMILES members Leader: Masato Takayanagi, Masato Shiotani (Kyoto U.) Instrument and L1b: Toshiyuki Nishibori, Satoko Mizobuchi L2: Takuki Sano, Makoto Suzuki, 2
Superconducting Submillimeter-Wave Limb-Emission Sounder JEM/SMILES Mission
Collabora0on project of NICT and JAXA SMILES performed the sub-­‐mm observa0on at 600GHz region with one order magnitude be[er sensi0vity from Interna0onal space sta0on during 12 Oct. 2009 and 21 April 2010. 1991
UARS/MLS
2001
2004
2009
Aura/MLS
Odin/SMR
JEM/SMILES
Tsys: 3000K Tsys: 6000K Tsys: 350K
(SSB@500GHz) (DSB@650GHz) (SSB@650GHz)
System proto-tests
冷凍機ヘリウムガス置換
（2009年3月）
電気性能試験
（2008年8月）
アライメント測定試験
（2008年8月）
熱真空試験
（2008年9月）
ソーラー試験
（2008年11月）
EMC試験
（2009年2月）
音響試験（2008年12月）
振動試験
（2008年12月）
n  2008年4月～2009年3月システムインテグレーションとシステムプロトフライト試験を実施
SMILES on the Exposed Pallet with NASA/HREP
曝露パレット搭載完了
（2009年5月）
SMILES 曝露パレット搭載中
（2009年5月）
HREP SMILES HREP : HICO(Hyperspectral Imager for the
Coastal Ocean) – RAIDS(Remote Atmospheric
and Ionospheric Detection System) Experiment
Payload
HTVに引き渡し前の射場作業，2009年4月～5月15日@種子島宇宙センター
H-IIB rocket
フェアリング部を2段に結合
フェアリング部を台車に結合
HTVをPAFに結合
SMILES on EP
HTVとロケット搭載作業2009年9月@種子島宇宙センター
Launch ISSへの結合
（2009年9月18日）
NASA提供
SMILES取り付け成功
（2009年9月25日 1時12分）
打上げ（2009年9月11日 2時1分）成功
NASA提供
NASA提供
SMILESを載せたHTVがISS
に到着(2009年9月18日） Launch and install to ISS　in September 2009 Courtesy JAXA SMILES installed to JEM/ISS Sept 25 Courtesy NASA Courtesy NASA SMILES HTV installed to ISS Sept 18 Courtesy NASA HTV/HIIB Launch Sept 11 SMILES Observa0on started from October 12, 2009 Observa0on stopped at 21 April 2010. SMILES data Sampling 9
Observed Spectrum
Almost no standing wave on the spectrum! Stable spectrum over day! Great things: -­‐ Less noise than expected. 700K -­‐> 350K -­‐ Quite low ripple the spectrum. -­‐  Stable less than 1K over scan. Problems: -­‐  Poin0ng problem: Bad poin0ng informa0on with no oxygen observa0on. Both ISS and Star Tracker has different problem. Temperature Temperature ccontrol ontrol ssystem ystem oon n JJEM/ISS EM/ISS w
was as qquite uite sgtable ood Poin0ng issues on ISS Poin0ng errors come from 1) Offset of antenna mechanical and electronic axis – about 0.13 degree? 2) Readout error of Antenna eleva0on angle 3) SMILES posi0on against to the Earth 4) SMILES aktude against to the iner0al coordinate system Poin0ng issues on ISS 2) Readout error of Antenna eleva0on angle SMILES take the informa0on of the posi0on and the velocity from ISS/GN&C. Large drim showed on the 0me stump from ISS/GN&C.
(1.5sec = 3km) Poin0ng issue on ISS 3)SMILES posi0on against to the Earth 4)SMILES aktude against to the iner0al coordinate system
Poin0ng issue on ISS 3)SMILES posi0on against to the Earth 4)SMILES aktude against to the iner0al coordinate system
SMILES-­‐ISS aktude change with ISS orbit mode (1.5hour/orbit). There are another vibra0on. You need to have nice STT system on your own instrument. Summary
GOOD THINGS -­‐ 
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Temperature control system is quite stable (20+/-­‐ 1℃) Low orbit (to obtain high horizontal/ver0cal resolu0on) Power, Mass Collabora0ons between instruments are quite easy Repairable Diurnal varia0on BAD THINGS -­‐ 
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Vibra0ons High space qualifica0on (rised a cost a lot) 15