Alberti - Miles Lewis

ABPL 90228 Post-Renaissance Architecture
Alberti
COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA
Copyright Regulations 1969
Warning
This material has been reproduced and communicated to you
by or on behalf of the University of Melbourne pursuant to Part
VB of the Copyright Act 1968 (the Act).
The material in this communication may be subject to copyright
under the Act. Any further copying or communication of this
material by you may be the subject of copyright protection
under the Act.
do not remove this notice
Leon Battista
Alberti
(1404-1472)
an anonymous
portrait
Biblioteca Nazionale,
Rome
Loggia dei Lanzi [Loggia dei Priori], Florence, by Benci di Cione & Simone Talenti, 1376-81
Firenze, no 24
the palazzi
Palazzo Pitti, Florence [?by Filippo Brunelleschi or Michelozzo], 1458-66
Biblioteca Nazionale, Rome
Palazzo Pitti: distant modern view
Fine Arts RE20.43.19
Palazzo Pitti, original façade
Bates Lowry, Renaissance Architecture (London 1968 [New York 1962]), fig 14
Palazzo Pitti
detail of stonework
Fine Arts RE20.43.25
Palazzo Medici, Florence, by Michelozzo di Bartolomeo, 1444-59
Pru Sanderson
Palazzo Medici
section & plan
Fine Arts 172/ F632/ 3MED/
PLAN/ 3; RE20.44.72; 172/
F632/ 3MED/ PLAN/ 4;
RE20.44.73
Palazzo Medici
Fine Arts 172/ F632/ 3MED/ EXT/ 3; RE20.44.56; Pru Sanderson
Palazzo Medici, courtyard
Fine Arts 172/F632/3MED/ EXT/ 12; RE 20.44.65; L H Heydenreich & Wolfgang Lotz , Architecture in
Italy 1400 to 1600 (Harmondsworth [Middlesex] 1974), pl 11
Alberti & his time
Leon Battista Alberti ((1404(1404-1472))
from an exiled Florentine family
studied Latin, Greek & law
i t
interested
t d iin physics
h i & mathematics
th
ti
a papal official
treatise on painting, Della Pittura (1436)
architectural work from c 1440
De Re Aedificatoria [On Building], 1452
Architecture is a great thing, which cannot be
undertaken by all. One must have intelligence, and
persevering zeal, the best knowledge and long
practice, and above all grave and severe judgement
and counsel to succeed in the profession of architect.
For in matters of building the first glory of all is to
judge well that which is fitting. To build, in fact, is a
necessity. To build conveniently responds to
necessity and utility, but to build so that one is praised
by men of glory and not criticized by the frugal, can
only come from, the ability of a learned, wise and
judicious artist.
Johnson, 'Leon Battista Alberti', pp 49-50
Vitruvius & architectural theory
Vitruvius’s
Vitruvius
s text discovered by Poggio in 1415
Vitruvius: utilitas, firmitas, venustas
(function structure & beauty)
(function,
concinnitas universarum partium
(harmony and concord in all the parts )
Alberti refers to ‘temples’ and ‘gods’
f
favours
circular
i l and
d polygonal
l
l plans
l
mathematical harmonic proportions
a harmony and concord of all the parts ... fitted together
g could be added or subtracted except
p for
... so that nothing
the worse'
from Ferrara to Florence
Arco del Cavallo
Cavallo, Ferrara
Borsi, Alberti, the Complete Works, p 20
Ferrara Cathedral,
F
C h d l
view, & detail of the
campanile
Borsi, Alberti, the Complete
Works, pp 22, 23
Ferrara Cathedral
F
C th d l
campanile, details
Borsi, Alberti, the Complete
Works, pp 23, 24
L
Loggia
i R
Rucellai,
ll i Fl
Florence, b
by Alb
Alberti,
ti ?1450
?1450s
inset: Loggia dei Lanzi
Miles LewisFirenze, no 24
Loggia Rucellai, details
Borsi, Alberti, Complete Edition, p 76; Miles Lewis
Tempio Malatestiano
Arch of Constantine, Rome, AD 312
Miles Lewis
Arch
A
h off A
Augustus,
t
Rimini, 27 BC
W L MacDonald, The Architecture of
the Roman Empire. II. An Urban
Appraisal (New Haven [Connecticut]
1986), p 85
S Francesco [Tempio Malatestiano], Rimini, by Alberti, ?1450- c 1461
Fine Arts c.89.7.104
Tempio Malatestiano
de' Pasti's medal
reconstruction of Alberti's scheme
Borsi, Alberti, the Complete Works, pp 95, 100
Tempio Malatestiano:
Plan & section
Fine Arts C91.1.8;
172/R576/2fr/plan;
C91.1.9; Icarus AT010 1990
Tempio
Malatestiano, side
flank
Lowry, Renaissance
Architecture, p 28
Palazzo Rucellai
Palazzo
P
l
R
Rucellai,
ll i
Florence, façade
by Alberti, ?14521470
MUAS 9861
Palazzo Rucellai
Rucellai, Florence
Florence, façade by Alberti
Alberti, ?1452
?1452- / 1470
suggested reconstruction of originally proposed façade; view
Borsi, Alberti, the Complete Works, p 52; MUAS 9861
Palazzo Rucellai,, Florence,,
façade by Alberti, ?14521470
view & elevation
MUAS 9861 ; Borsi, Alberti, the
Complete Works, p 53
Palazzo Rucellai, details
Pru Sanderson
Palazzo Rucellai
ground floor detail
Miles Lewis
Santa Maria Novella
Fresco of the Arts, with the plans of Santa Maria Novella, Palazzo
Rucellai, Florence, by Il Pomarancio [Christoforno Roncalli]
Fine Arts RE20.46.12
Santa Maria Novella, Florence (1278-1350), façade by Alberti, 1458-71
Fine Arts RE20.37.61
Santa Maria
N
Novella
ll
proportions of
the façade, as
analysed by
Borsi
Franco Borsi
Borsi, Leon
Battista Alberti (Oxford
1987), p 84
Santa Maria
Novella the
fallacies
underlying
Borsi s
Borsi’s
analysis
Miles Lewis
Santa Maria Novella, façade
Miles Lewis
Santa Maria Novella
details
Miles Lewis
Pru Sanderson
attic c 1200
arcading early C11th
zebra
striping
possibly
C13th
comparison of ordonnance
Santa Maria Novella and the Baptistery of San Giovanni
Miles Lewis
Tomb of San
Petronio, or Santo
Sepulcro [the Holy
Sepulchre], Cappella
Rucellai in San
Pancrazio 1460
Pancrazio,
14601472
Fine Arts 172A/A332/2C;
96.10007.02
th Mantuan
the
M t
churches
h h
San Sebastiano, Mantua, by Alberti, 1460-72
[not completed until 1529, restored 1925]
Fine Arts 172/M291/2se; C6-82 B55
the 'Etruscan
Temple' of
Temple
Alberti's De Re
Aedificatoria,
woodcut from
Bartoli's edition of
1550
Borsi, Alberti, the Complete
Works, p 148
San Sebastiano: plans & sections
Fine Arts 87.76.1
San Sebastiano:
Wittkower's
reconstruction of
the façade as
originally proposed
Borsi, Alberti, the Complete
Works,, p 154
San Sebastiano, p
proposed
p
scheme, compared
p
with the Cappella
pp
Pazzi, Florence, by Brunelleschi & Guiliano da Maiano, 1443-61
Brian Lewis
San Sebastiano, p
proposed
p
scheme, compared
p
with the
triumphal arch at Orange, France, c 30 BC
Miles Lewis
San Sebastiano: view from the north-west
Heydenreich & Lotz, Architecture in Italy, pl 24
Sant' Andrea,
Mantua, byy
Alberti, 1470-72
[not completed
until
til 1481]
Bruce Boucher [ed],
Andrea Palladio: the
Architect in his Time
(Abbeville Press, New
York 1998), p 170
Sant' Andrea, Mantua: plan
Fine Arts 172/M291/2an/pl
Sant' Andrea, Mantua: longitudinal section
Icarus AT 004, 1990
Sant' Andrea, Mantua: interior
Fine Arts 172/M291/2an/int
Sant' Andrea, Mantua: details of the ordonnance
Fine Arts 172/M291/2an/in; 172/M291/2an/tr
The Arch of Titus, Rome, after AD 81, and Sant’ Andrea,Mantua
Miles Lewis, Fine Arts 172/M291/2an/tr
contemporaries
Pienza
plans of the piazza
and the town
Fine Arts 172/P614/1: 86.10.4
86 10 4
Icarus AT 095:1990
Pienza, aerial view of piazza
Icarus AT 095, 1990
Piazza Pio II, the Duomo & the Palazzo Piccolomini, by Rossellino, c 1460
Fine Arts 172/P614/1
Cathedral of Pienza,
by Bernardo
Rossellino, 1462
Fine Arts 172/P614/2 ca: c88.20.653
Palazzo Strozzi,
Strozzi
Florence, by Benedetto a
Maiano from 1489,
completed
l t db
by Il C
Cronaca,
1539: close view
Fine Arts 172/F632 SQ/ 3/ (1)
Palazzo Strozzi: half elevations, with and without the cornice
Fine Arts 172/F632/ 3STR / 20; RE20.46.42
Palazzo Strozzi: final elevation
Fletcher, A History of Architecture [1961 ed], p 885
Palazzo Strozzi:
plan & section
Fletcher, A History of
Architecture [1961 ed], p 885
Palazzo Strozzi:
cornice
Fine Arts 172/F632/ 3STR / 11;
RE20.46.29 Fletcher, A History of
Architecture [1961 ed], p 885
Palazzo Strozzi,
Strozzi façade details
Pru Sanderson