June
Transcription
June
THE FARM POST The Official Publication of the Pike and Scott County Farm Bureaus Vol. 7 No. 9 Health Tax Would HIT Small Business Employees The Health Insurance Tax will hurt small business employees the hardest, according to congressional testimony today by New York Farm Bureau President and dairy owner Dean Norton. Testifying before the House Small Business Subcommittee on Health and Technology, Norton, also a board member of the American Farm Bureau Federation, encouraged members to cosponsor H.R. 763, which would repeal the HIT. The HIT, which was passed as part of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, will be levied on a health insurance company’s net premiums. But, said Norton, in the end it will be employees who ultimately pay the price. “Because of escalating health insurance premiums, we’ve had to significantly change the cost structure from covering about 90 percent of the insurance cost to approximately 50 percent through a high deductible plan,” said Norton. “Unfortunately, the people who are really hurt by this change are the employees. They now have to contribute a larger portion of the expense when they seek medical attention.” Most farmers and other small businesses do not self-insure because they do not have a large enough pool of employees, said Norton. Instead, small employers purchase health insurance on the fully insured market. Because the smallest employers almost never self-insure, they will end up bearing the brunt of the HIT. According to the Kaiser Family Foundation’s 2012 Survey of Employer Health Benefits, only 15 percent of the smallest employers self-insure. Further, health insurance costs for small businesses have increased 103 percent since 2000. According to the Joint Committee on Taxation, the HIT will further increase family premiums by $400 or 2.5 percent in the year 2016, making it even harder for farmers to purchase coverage for themselves, their families and their employees. “Being able to offer health insurance is important to us as we strive to offer benefits that attract high quality workers and to keep them healthy and productive once they are on the payroll,” continued Norton. But, he said, “Escalating health insurance costs not only impact farm employers, but also those who purchase health insurance coverage for themselves and their families.” H.R. 763, introduced by Reps. Charles Boustany (R-La.) and Jim Matheson (D-Utah), would repeal the annual fee on health insurance providers, preventing premium increases for individuals and small businesses in the fully insured health insurance marketplace. June 2013 WRDA Passes Out of Senate--Good News for Illinois Farmers The U.S. Senate overwhelmingly passed the Water Resources Development Act (WRDA/S. 601) today, which is good news for Illinois farmers and others who rely on the waterways infrastructure to move soybeans to market. Included in the legislation is the Water Infrastructure Now Public-Private Partnership Act, introduced in March by Illinois Senators Dick Durbin and Mark Kirk, who teamed up with U.S. Representatives Cheri Bustos and Rodney Davis. The act would create a pilot program to explore agreements between the Army Corps of Engineers and private entities as alternatives to traditional financing, planning, design, and construction models. The pilot program is intended to help expedite projects, including lock and dam modernization along the Mississippi and Illinois Rivers. The Army Corps of Engineers estimates a $60 billion backlog of outstanding projects that will take decades to complete without outside investment. “Improving and investing in our waterways infrastructure is vital to the Illinois soybean industry,” says Bill Wykes, soybean farmer from Yorkville, Ill., and Illinois Soybean Association chairman. “With more than half of our crop exported, Illinois soybean farmers depend on an efficient transportation system to remain competitive in global markets. We have access to many waterways in Illinois, and our ability to get our products quickly and efficiently to market is one of the aspects that sets us apart from competitors. We call on the House to pass the bill quickly.” S. 601 includes provisions to increase the amount of funding provided from the Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund (HMTF) for port maintenance and dredging; to streamline the process for Corps of Engineers projects and reduce project completion times; and to free up money and increase capacity of the Inland Waterways Trust Fund (IWTF) by taking the Olmsted Lock and Dam project out of the trust fund account. Other measures not included in S. 601 to increase revenues for the IWTF and establish alternative financing mechanisms in order to provide more money to address inland waterways infrastructure projects will be pushed in the House of Representatives. Flooding, drought magnify need for reliable waterways system Most people are well aware that Mother Nature can cause trouble for crops, but few make the connection between the effects of rain or drought on major rivers and how that can also be a disaster for farmers and ranchers who rely on the inland waterways system to get their products to key international markets. In late 2011, Mississippi River levels and those of many of its tributaries were close to record highs, but the summer 2012 drought that scorched the Midwest had the Mississippi running so extremely low this January that barge operators were worried they wouldn’t be able to float their loads up and down the river. At the time, getting crops down the river wasn’t the only concern for farmers, they were also anxious about inputs like fertilizer making it north in time to prep for spring planting. In fact, Mississippi River levels were so low near Thebes, Ill., that the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers early this year was compelled to blast away rock pinnacles in an effort to keep that critical part of the river deep enough for barges. A few short months later, in April, farmers, barge operators and area residents and officials were once again watching the Mississippi, Missouri and other rivers, as they swelled to dangerous levels after heavy Midwestern rains. In early May, flood warnings were in place for rivers in Missouri, Tennessee, Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, Florida, Wisconsin, Illinois andIowa. While the Army Corps of Engineers and all those involved in waterway transport do their best to handle the rising and sinking water levels, there is no plan in place to manage these vital shipping arteries. However, a bill introduced in the House, the Mississippi River Navigation Sustainment continued to page 4 THREE HIGH SCHOOL SENIORS RECEIVE SCHOLARSHIPS Kyle Mathews and Sarah Sellars, both Winchester High School students, will each receive a 2013 Scott County Farm Bureau Scholarship. Cade Hayden, a Pittsfield High School senior, will receive the 2013 Rod Webel Memorial Scholarship from the Two Rivers Farm Bureau Foundation. Kyle is the son of Jim and Barb Mathews. This fall, he plans to attend either the University of Illinois or the University of Missouri and major in Agronomy/Ag Sciences. Sarah is the daughter of Robert and Julie Sellars. Her plans include attending the University of Illinois majoring in Agribusiness. Cade is the son of Jeff and Heather Hayden who plans to attend the University of Illinois focusing on Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology. The $1,000 scholarships are made available each year to qualifying graduating seniors Scholarships are granted based on academic and other extracurricular achievements. Students must also complete an essay on why agriculture is important to their community. Students who pursue a degree in an agricultural field are given preference in the selection process. All essays can be found at the Two Rivers Farm Bureau website at http://www.pikecfb. org/files/documents/2013%20 SCHOLARSHIP%20ESSAYS.pdf Kyle Mathews Sarah Sellars Cade Hayden Page 2 June 2013 HOWDY! by Blake E. Roderick FLAG DAY June 14 was Flag Day. Usually, I would have used the verb “is” as you would have received the June edition of The Farm Post at the beginning of the month. We’ve been deluged with other activities that delayed printing of this edition. Speaking of deluged, hopefully, the rest of the 2013 growing season will return to normal. As I write this, the rivers are inching their way down the flood stage scale. There is great hope that by the time you read this, both of our rivers will just be in ‘minor’ flood stage. But as I’ve written before, hope is an illusion. We will see what summer brings. As I said, June 14 is celebrated as Flag Day in the United States. On June 14, 1777, the Continental Congress adopted the first Flag Act. “Resolved, That the flag of the United States be made of thirteen stripes, alternate red and white; that the union be thirteen stars, white in a blue field, representing a new Constellation.” And thus the ‘Stars and Stripes’ were born. As the years passed, the U.S. flag has changed as the country expanded and states were added. President James Monroe signed a bill in 1818 that on July 4 of each year, a new star will be added for each new state. In 1912, President Howard Taft issued an executive order prescribing the dimensions and format of the U.S. Flag. The colors are White, Old Glory Red, and Old Glory Blue. The Hoist is the width of the flag. The Fly is the length of the flag. The Hoist to Fly ratio is 1:1.9. The Canton or Union is 2/5th of the Fly and is 7-stripes wide. The width of a stripe is 1/13th of the Hoist. The Stars are well the size of the stars involves some sort of geometry too complex for my limited abilities to comprehend much less repeat here. President Woodrow Wilson proclaimed June 14 as Flag Day in 1916 but it wasn’t until 1949 that President Harry Truman signed an act of Congress establishing an official Flag Day. I was born under a 48-star flag. My guess is that a majority of you who read this were born under this flag. With the introduction of Arizona and New Mexico to the Union in 1912, the 48-star flag flew for 47-years. For one year, 1959-60, we had a 49-star flag. Our current 50-star flag has flown for 53-years since 1960. There is a United States Flag Code that outlines certain flag etiquette. A couple points of etiquette often abused deal with advertising and clothing. According to the code, the flag should never be used for any advertising purpose and it should not be embroidered, printed, or otherwise impressed on such articles as cushions, handkerchiefs, napkins, boxes, or anything intended to be discarded after temporary use. Additionally, advertising signs should not be attached to the staff or halyard. Another interesting point of flag etiquette is that a flag should always be allowed to ‘fall freely’. There are six-exceptions to this rule all being the U.S. flags on the moon. Then we have the flying of the flag at half-staff. There are six-days when federal guidelines call for the flag to be flown at halfstaff. Memorial Day is one of these days—now relegated to one of the ‘federal employee day-off’ holidays. We have two days, Peace Officers Memorial Day and the start of Fire Prevention week (in memory of the Great Chicago fire). Three of these are related to a specific war: Pearl Harbor Day (December 7), Korean War Veterans Day (July 27), and Patriot’s Day (September 11). I’m sure as the generations pass; these dates will be lost to time and honor (such as Veteran’s Day) and replaced by others. There are regulations for flying the flag at half-staff upon the deaths of high government officials. The President can proclaim flags to be flown at half-staff--the specific circumstances of those proclamations often depend on the president’s political ilk. Governors can also order flags to be flown at half-staff. Our current governor has a proclivity to order flags flown at half-staff on too many occasions. It would be interesting to see how many days in the past year, the flag has been ordered to be flown at halfstaff. Once an honor; ordered on significant occasions, flying the flag at half-staff is now so common it is either ignored or goes unnoticed. We honor the flag in many ways; one of those being the Pledge of Allegiance which Americans learn at an early age. The tradition of reciting the Pledge of Allegiance at the bringing of each school day started on October 12, 1892 on the 400th anniversary of Columbus’ discovery of America. I honestly don’t “THE FARM POST (USPS 432-460) is published monthly by the Pike and Scott County Farm Bureaus, know if it is a tradition still PO Box 6, Pittsfield, IL 62363.” honored in our schools. ————————————————————————— We also honor our flag “Periodicals Postage Paid at Pittsfield and Winchester and at additional mailing offices. Postmaster: Send address changes to THE FARM POST, PO Box 6, Pittsfield, IL 62363.” by standing (and removing ————————————————————————— hats) as ‘Old Glory’ passes in Blake E. Roderick, Editor/Publisher a parade or if the National www.tworiversfb.org Anthem is played or sung at PIKE COUNTY FARM BUREAU SCOTT COUNTY FARM BUREAU public events. Heck, I even BOARD OF DIRECTORS BOARD OF DIRECTORS David Gay, President; Kim Curry, Vice Jeff Schone, President; Wayne Brown, stand when it’s played on President; Jeremy Thomas, Secretary; Vice President; Jeff Hurrelbrink, television. Brandon Gerard, Treasurer; Adam Secretary; Paul Stice, Treasurer; Will In honor of this year’s Lawson, Assistant Secretary; Andras, Jim Freeman, Charles Powell, David Barton, Brady Borrowman, Fred Chris Smith, Mike Swisher, Flag Day, we reinstalled the Bradshaw, Brad Dehart, Edwin Harpole, Andy Sellars, and Mark Vortman flag pole that stood in our Daniel Heavner, Rich Hoover, Kevin FARM BUREAU STAFF front yard for many years. I Keithly, Bryan Koeller, Jim Koeller, Blake E. Roderick, Executive Director Roger Liehr, Bret Lipcaman, Curt Moffit, don’t remember the occasion Wanda Cody, Executive Assistant; Steven Myers, Mark Nation, Andrew of when it was taken down Nancy Wood, Scott CFB Secretary; Sprague, Mark Sprague, Jim Swartz, but suspect it had something Robert Manues, Custodian and Jim Van Dyne to do with replacing the roof PIKE COUNTY FARM BUREAU SCOTT COUNTY FARM BUREAU on the “money pit”. PO Box 6 PO Box 50 In any case, on the Pittsfield IL 62363 Winchester IL 62694 217-285-2233 morning of June 14, Old Glory 217-742-3351 217-285-2421 (fax) 217-742-3184 (fax) will once again be flying in pikecfb@pikecfb.org scottcfb@scottcfb.org front of our home. Farming: Raincoats (and Risk Management) Required As the old saying goes, when it rains it pours. No one knows that better right now than farmers, especially those in the Midwest. Because of the record downpour this spring, it comes as no surprise crops will be planted very late this year, if at all. In fact, one needs to go back to 1984 to find a year when planting began later than where it is right now. Farmers have always been at the mercy of Mother Nature. That’s why risk management tools play such a vital role in farming. An Umbrella of Sorts Agriculture is fundamentally a risky business. Farmers have to be willing to spend hundreds of dollars per acre to plant a crop in the hope that it will come up, the weeds won’t be too bad, the pests won’t kill it and, in the end, there will actually be a market that will pay a high enough price to cover all of these production costs. As a society, we want farmers to take that risk in order to put food on America’s dinner tables. Because weather presents a risk to agriculture at a level not experienced by most other sectors, farmers are able to turn to crop insurance. This program provides a partnership between farmers and consumers to help share some of the risk. Farmers pay a significant portion of the premium costs for the insurance policy, while the taxpayer also shares in that cost by helping to pay the premium. It is a wise investment of public funds. Last year was one of the worst droughts the nation has faced in decades. Crop insurance played a pivotal role in helping farmers through that disaster and is a classic example of why we need this important risk management program. Weather Predictions Mark Twain once said, “Climate is what we expect, weather is what we get.” No one knows this to be true more so than farmers, whose livelihood depends on the right combination of rainclouds and sunshine. This year, whether farmers are ultimately able to plant a full crop is only as good as one’s weather forecast. By midJune all of the crop delay issues will either rise as a matter of great concern or will completely fade away. I’m optimistic, along with fellow farmers from around the countryside, that it will be the latter. In the meantime, as farm bill legislation works its way through Capitol Hill, Farm Bureau will continue to fight for flexible and effective risk management tools to help America’s farmers regardless of sunshine or rain. June 2013 Page 3 Court refuses to dismiss farmer’s suit against EPA Poultry and livestock farmers scored a win in April when a federal court rejected efforts by the Environmental Protection Agency to dismiss a case brought by West Virginia poultry farmer Lois Alt, according to the American Farm Bureau Federation. Alt had challenged an EPA order demanding that she obtain a Clean Water Act discharge permit for ordinary stormwater runoff from her farmyard. Despite EPA’s recent withdrawal of the Alt order, the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of West Virginia ruled that the case should go forward to clarify for the benefit of Alt and other farmers whether, as EPA contends, discharge permits are required for “ordinary precipitation runoff from a typical farmyard.” “EPA seems to have believed if it withdrew the order against Ms. Alt, the court would dismiss her lawsuit,” said AFBF President Bob Stallman. “The tactic failed because the court recognized EPA wasn’t changing its underlying legal position, but just trying to avoid having to defend that position.” Alt filed suit against EPA in June 2012 after the agency threatened her with $37,500 in fines each time stormwater came into contact with dust, feathers or small amounts of manure on the ground outside of her poultry houses as a result of normal farm operations. EPA also threatened separate fines of $37,500 per day if Alt failed to apply for a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit for such stormwater discharges. Alt responded with a lawsuit challenging the EPA order. AFBF and the West Virginia Farm Bureau intervened as co-plaintiffs with Alt to help resolve the issue for the benefit of other poultry and livestock farmers. EPA withdrew its order in December 2012, about six weeks before briefing on the legal issues was set to begin. The same month, five environmental groups, including Waterkeeper Alliance, Center for Food Safety and Food & Water Watch, moved to join the lawsuit on the side of EPA. In opposing EPA’s motion to dismiss, Alt and Farm Bureau argued that FREE BROADBAND INTERNET INSTALLATION – LIMITED TIME OFFER NOW AVAILABLE IN YOUR AREA. NO DIALING OR TIED-UP PHONE LINES. 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Frontier Broadband installation charge of $49.99 and a $9.99 broadband processing fee upon disconnection of service apply. Offer includes waiver of broadband standard installation charges fulfilled by bill credit. Taxes, and governmental and other Frontier-imposed surcharges apply. New Frontier customers are subject to credit approval. Some Frontier services are subject to availability. Frontier reserves the right to withdraw this promotional offer at any time. Other restrictions apply. © 2013 Frontier Communications Corporation. R_Q1_01.13_FTR BBND_DBL_B_FLYR farmers remain vulnerable to similar EPA orders, because EPA stands by its contention that the Clean Water Act statutory exemption for “agricultural stormwater” does not apply to stormwater from the farmyard at a concentrated animal feeding operation. The court agreed, noting that “[t]his court’s ultimate decision on the merits will benefit all parties, including EPA and many thousands of farmers, by clarifying the extent of federal CWA ‘discharge’ liability and permit requirements for ordinary precipitation runoff from a typical farmyard.” “Ms. Alt has courageously taken on EPA not just for her own benefit, but for the benefit of other farmers,” said Stallman. “She refused to back down from her principles despite the best efforts of EPA and environmental groups. We are pleased that the court agreed that the stakes are high for all poultry and livestock farmers and this issue should be resolved.” The court also allowed the environmental groups to intervene and ordered briefing on the Alt and Farm Bureau claims to begin by June 1. Coming to Grips with Aging Infrastructure By Garrett Hawkins Our nation is grappling with aging infrastructure, particularly on inland waterways and ports. The American Society of Civil Engineers gave the nation’s inland waterway system a D- grade in its 2013 infrastructure report card. Nearly 50 percent of the nation’s 257 locks are classified as functionally obsolete. By 2020, more than 80 percent will be functionally obsolete. On the Upper Mississippi and Illinois River System, 57 percent of the locks were built in the 1930s with a projected 50-year lifespan. The challenge comes into focus when you consider that more than 60 percent of our grain exports are transported via inland waterways and ultimately, 95 percent of U.S. agricultural exports and imports are transported through U.S. harbors. These activities support more than 400,000 jobs. Members of Congress have attempted to address our infrastructure problems by rewriting the Water Resources Development Act, something that hasn’t been done since 2007. WRDA basically serves as the blueprint for new projects dealing with flood protection, port improvements and upgrades to lock and dam infrastructure. The American Farm Bureau Federation and 20 other agricultural groups recently wrote U.S. senators to reinforce the importance of investing in our inland waterways and ports. Thanks in part to their efforts, the Senate approved a WRDA bill. Waterborne transportation is by far our most economical and environmentally friendly transportation mode, but lock malfunctions or other infrastructure-related problems slow movements, increase costs and ultimately delay shipments to consumers. Meanwhile, countries such as Panama, Argentina, China and Brazil are moving aggressively to improve their infrastructure and therefore their competitiveness in international markets. Improving and replacing an aging waterway and port system might seem daunting and expensive, but it can be done, one step at a time. Garrett Hawkins is director of national legislative programs for the Missouri Farm Bureau. IREC EXPANDS RENEWABLE PORTFOLIO Illinois Rural Electric Cooperative held a ground breaking for its 500 kilowatt solar facility which is being built south of Winchester on Illinois Highway 106, next to one of the substations that serves the cooperative’s 7,800 members. The complete solar array will cover four acres. At full capacity, it could provide enough electricity for about 170 homes on the hottest day of the year. It will be the first, utility scale photovoltaic solar energy system to be built by one of the state’s twenty-five electric distribution cooperatives. “We very much appreciate the support of the Illinois Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity and its grant through the Renewable Energy Business Development Program,” said Robert A. Brown, the cooperative’s president. The DCEO grant will cover $500,000 of the total $1,800,000 cost. “We couldn’t have undertaken this project without DCEO’s help,” Mr. Brown continued. In total this solar project, with the cooperative’s wind turbine in Pike County and with its share of Prairie Power’s wind resources, Illinois Rural Electric will have renewable resources equal to more than 14% of the cooperative’s peak demand. All of that energy, according to Mr. Brown, enters the Illinois Rural Electric system at a cost lower than the cooperative’s wholesale power costs. “We take real pride in being able to use renewable resources, with the help of the State of Illinois, which are produced at a cost which is beneficial to our members.” Mr. Brown said. “Our renewable portfolio gives us the diversity which we believe to be critical for the long-term.” Founded in 1936, Illinois Rural Electric Cooperative provides electricity in ten counties through a 3,000 mile distribution system. It and nine other electric distribution cooperatives are members of Prairie Power, Inc. which provides generation and transmission services for its members. GOT DEF? WE DO! We have Diesel Exhaust Fluid Available in package or bulk Call us today! Winchester office: 217-742-3125 or 800-635-9326 Dana Garrett, Petroleum Specialist: 217-370-2139 The FFA Chapters in Bluffs and Winchester are helping the Scott County Farm Bureau get the word out during planting season for drivers to Slow Down, Share the Road. Each chapter will receive a Safety Grant from Farm Bureau to post the signs during the farming season. Pictured here are Ben Fletcher, WHS; Sarah Sellars, WHS; Ashley Devlin, BHS; Danielle Suhre, WHS; Bryan Barnett, Winchester High School FFA Advisor; Jeff Hurrelbrink, Chairman, SCFB Member Services Committee; Cory Sprung, Bluffs High School FFA Advisor; Rachel Sellars, WHS; Jacob Gillis, BHS; Sylvia Frederick, BHS; and Katy Buhlig, BHS. Page 4 June 2013 AFBF Urges Congress to Keep Current Tax Tools Farmers and ranchers need a tax code to manage the risks associated with agriculture while complying with tax liabilities, according to the American Farm Bureau Federation. In a statement filed today with the House Ways and Means Committee for a hearing on small business taxation, AFBF urged congressional members to maintain cash accounting tools and higher small business expensing limits in any tax code rewrite. Cash accounting tools, like the deferral of commodity and product receipts and prepaying the cost of livestock feed, fertilizer and other farm supplies, are important to farmers. Proposed changes to cash accounting rules, which would require some farmers to change to accrual accounting, would be time-consuming and costly to farms and ranches. “Farmers and ranchers will either have to take time away from running their businesses or pay for help to comply,” said AFBF. “Both are harmful in an industry with tight profit margins, unpredictable income streams and an inability to pass on added expenses to customers.” Farm Bureau said it supports the continuation of unrestricted cash accounting currently available to most farmers and ranchers and cautioned against reducing the number of partnership types eligible to use the tool. Further, because farming and ranching requires large investments in machinery, equipment and other depreciable capital, Farm Bureau said it supports maintaining the $500,000, Section 179 small business expensing limitation and not reducing the $2 million acquisition limit, both of which are scheduled to drop next year respectively to a $25,000 limitation with a $200,000 threshold. Section 179 provides accelerated expensing and depreciation, allowing farmers to better manage cash flow, minimize tax liabilities and reduce borrowing. “Whether caused by unpredictable weather that affects crop yields or uncontrollable markets that set the price of goods sold, it is not uncommon for farmers and ranchers to have a year of high income followed by several lean years,” said AFBF. “If the Section 179 small business exemption and threshold are allowed to drop at the end of the year, farmers and ranchers will lose some of the accounting flexibility they need to manage their businesses.” Jimmy Costello Painting WE ARE NOW IN YOUR AREA! Grain Bins · Grain Leg Setups · Roofs · Tanks · Barns Fences · Morton & Butler Buildings · Houses CUSTOMER REFERENCES AVAILABLE Call and get 10% off now! 901-233-1808 We are Your FIRST Choice for Rural Home Loans. Flooding, drought magnify need... continued from front page Act (H.R. 1152), would help maintain the critical movement of goods during periods of extreme weather. “Whether it is low water conditions or devastating floods, we need to be proactive in planning and preparing to keep the Mississippi River open for commerce,” American Farm Bureau Federation President Bob Stallman wrote in a letter to the bill’s sponsors, Reps. Bill Enyart (D-Ill.) and Rodney Davis (R-Ill.). Farmers and ranchers support the legislation as part of a comprehensive effort-like the Water Resources Development Act recently passed by the Senate-to ensure an efficient and reliable inland waterways system linked to competitive ports. Without such a system, producers would be hard-pressed to provide affordable agricultural products to U.S. consumers and those in other countries. Stallman praised Enyart and Davis’ bill, saying it will improve the understanding of the Mississippi River system while giving the Corps more flexibility to deal with extreme weather events through better water management, improved river forecasting and more effective environmental management. The legislation would provide more automated gauges and increase the use of other river level forecasting tools, which would help river users make more informed business decisions. The bill would also authorize the Corps to conduct a study of how to better coordinate management of the entire Mississippi River Basin during periods of extreme weather. The study would include recommendations on improving the management of the basin for navigation and flood risk management, taking into account the effect the management of the entire basin has on the Mississippi River. In addition, the Spring, summer, winter or fall, nothing outshines FS Dieselex Gold. 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