Santé mentale et médias/société

Bibliographie
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Bibliothèque médicale Henri Ey
01 45 65 89 66
bibliotheque.medicale@ch-sainte-anne.fr
Santé mentale et médias/société
Le 12 septembre 2014, par Céline Bentz
La recherche
Santé mentale et médias/société, stigmatisation
Pour
Aude Caria
Psycom
Requête Pubmed :
((("media"[Title/Abstract]) OR "stigma"[Title/Abstract])) AND ((("mental health"[Title/Abstract]) OR
"mental illness"[Title/Abstract]) OR "psychiatry"[Title/Abstract])
27 références sélectionnées:
Article
Disponible à la BM
1. HABIB Marc.
Peut-on encore être fou au XXIe siècle? Médias et psychiatrie.
TRANSFAIRE ET CULTURES : REVUE D'ANTHROPOLOGIE MEDICALE CLINIQUE
2010 ; (3) : 51-62.
Article
A lire en ligne depuis
les postes du CHSA :
http://www.empremium.com/articl
e/403801
2. GIORDANA Jean-Yves.
Lutter contre la stigmatisation, un enjeu majeur en santé mentale.
SOINS PSYCHIATRIE 2011 ; (275) : 14-8.
La manière dont la société considère les personnes identifiées comme
malades psychiques fait partie intégrante du travail des professionnels en
santé mentale. Il s'agit d'une problématique essentielle dans le quotidien des
soignants et des patients. Des stratégies existent et permettent de lutter
contre la stigmatisation et les discriminations. [résumé d'auteur]
Article
A lire en ligne :
http://www.inpes.sa
nte.fr/SLH/pdf/sante
-homme-419.pdf
3. FAYARD Annick Coord., FORTIN Jacques Coord.
Stigmatisation : quel impact sur la santé ? [dossier]. Voir les parties
Pourquoi et comment lutter contre la stigmatisation en santé mentale ?
et Réduire la stigmatisation des personnes souffrant de troubles
psychiques : une synthèse de la littérature
SANTE DE L'HOMME 2012 ; (419) : 7-44.
Voir aussi :
glossaire :
A lire en ligne :
http://www.santem
entale5962.com/IM
G/pdf/les_mots_qui
_fachent_aout_2014
.pdf
4. COLIN Alexandra, GALLAND Damien, NOTREDAME Charles Edouard.
Les mots qui fâchent... Petit glossaire de précautions sémantiques en
psychiatrie.
Lille : Fédération régionale de Recherche en santé mentale Nord-Pas-deCalais, 2013.
Les auteurs ont fait un constat : 'Les journalistes mesurent de plus en plus
l’importance de traiter le sujet des troubles mentaux, première cause de
handicap dans le monde et pourtant, ils demeurent mal informés sur ces
questions. En région Nord - Pas-de-Calais, la Fédération régionale de
recherche en psychiatrie et santé mentale a initié un partenariat unique avec
l’Ecole Supérieure de Journalisme. L’objectif : sensibiliser les journalistes et
futurs journalistes aux grandes notions de la maladie mentale et de la
psychiatrie'[d'après le résumé d'éditeur]
Article
A lire en ligne :
http://www.orspere
.fr/IMG/pdf/Rhizom
e_42_BAT2.pdf
5. OEYNHAUSEN Marc.
Stigmatisation en psychiatrie : le poids des médias.
RHIZOME 2011 ; (42) : 14.
La loi du 5 juillet 2011 relative 'aux droits et à la protection des personnes
faisant l'objet de soins psychiatriques et à leurs modalités de prise en charge'
et ses décrets d'application sont entrés en vigueur le 1er août. A travers cette
loi se pose plus largement la question des représentations sociales des
personnes souffrant de troubles psychiques relayées par les médias. [résumé
d'auteur]
Livre
Disponible au sein
6. LEMOINE Patrick.
Le mystère du nocebo.
de notre réseau
documentaire
Ascodocpsy
Paris : Odile Jacob ; 2011.
Les médias sont capables d'altérer notre santé. Les preuves dans ce sens
abondent. Mais comment et pourquoi ? Aujourd'hui, nous sommes en
permanence informés, inondés même, de tout ce qui se passe sur la planète,
et ce n'est évidemment pas sans conséquence. Les médias, les journaux,
Internet, la télévision, par le flux d'informations catastrophes qu'ils diffusent,
auraient-ils le pouvoir de nous rendre physiquement malades, sans parler de
la dépression, de l'insomnie, de l'angoisse, en un mot, du mal-être qu'ils
peuvent engendrer ? Dans ce livre, Patrick Lemoine analyse l'apparition d'un
phénomène nouveau : l'effet nocebo, exact contrepoint du bénéfique
placebo. Quel est exactement son mystérieux impact ? Une réflexion critique
et salutaire à propos de notre système de communication, qui nous incitera à
nous protéger et à retrouver un optimisme raisonnable. [résumé d'éditeur]
Article
A lire en ligne depuis
les postes du CHSA :
http://www.empremium.com/articl
e/792489
7. LAMBOY Béatrice, SAIAS Thomas.
Réduire la stigmatisation des personnes souffrant de troubles psychiques
par une campagne de communication ? Une synthèse de la littérature.
ANNALES MEDICO PSYCHOLOGIQUES 2013 ; 171(2) : 77-82.
La lutte contre la stigmatisation des personnes souffrant de troubles
psychiques représente un axe majeur des politiques publiques dans le
domaine de la santé mentale. Au niveau international, de nombreux
programmes de déstigmatisation destinés au grand public ont été développés
ces dernières années (campagnes de communication généralistes ou plus
ciblées). Cependant, peu de recherches évaluatives ont été réalisées dans le
domaine. Les quelques études portant sur les campagnes de communication
n’ont pas pu montrer d’effets significatifs. Les campagnes généralistes et
ponctuelles sont largement remises en question, et un certain nombre de
problèmes se posent dès l’élaboration stratégique de ces actions : absence de
définition opérationnelle de la stigmatisation, limites ambiguës entre
préjugés stigmatisants et faits avérés, objectifs des programmes flous et
imprécis, motivations ambivalentes des porteurs des actions, non-évaluation
du poids et des conséquences effectives de la stigmatisation dans le vécu des
personnes souffrant de troubles psychiques... Enfin, l’appartenance des
actions anti-stigma au champ de la réhabilitation est aussi rappelée. [résumé
d'auteur]
Article
Disponible à la
bibliothèque
8. ARVEILLER Jean-Paul.
De quelques représentations contradictoires agitant la psychiatrie.
PRATIQUES EN SANTE MENTALE 2011 ; 57(2) : 5-9.
L'ambivalence des représentations sociales vis-à-vis de la psychiatrie renvoie
depuis ses débuts à la question fondamentale de la liberté individuelle.
Primordiale pour tout être humain, cette liberté est aussi conditionnelle dès
lors que la personne présente de tels troubles et de telles difficultés qu'elle
nécessite d'être contrôlée dans ses faits et gestes par une société
normalement responsable de l'intérêt collectif ? La psychiatrie et ce qu'elle
traite, c'est-à-dire la folie et les malades mentaux, représentent la face
sombre du corps social, celle dont la communauté a honte, qu'elle veut
cacher (à ses propres yeux), ou du moins éloigner (de sa vue en situant les
hôpitaux psychiatriques loin de la ville) et qu'elle craint tout autant. À
condition de ne pas être eux-mêmes enclins à cette ambivalence, politiques
et professionnels de la santé mentale ont encore beaucoup à accomplir pour
convaincre que la pathologie psychiatrique ne constitue pas un authentique
fléau social et que les malades, fussent-ils mentaux, appartiennent, comme
tout individu, au corps social. [résumé d'auteur]
Article
Disponible à la
bibliothèque
9. JODELET Denise.
Considérations sur le traitement de la stigmatisation en santé mentale.
PRATIQUES EN SANTE MENTALE 2011 ; 57(2) : 27-38.
Loin d'être évidente à comprendre, la stigmatisation des pathologies
psychiatriques et-ou des troubles psychiques et des malades mentaux ne
peut, selon l'auteure de l'article, ancienne directrice d'études à l'École des
Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (EHESS) de Paris, être abordée qu'au
regard de l'évolution historique, politique et sociale. Une connaissance trop
scientifique, trop experte, de ces pathologies et troubles (souvent réduits à
un seul terme, celui de folie) et de ces malades (perçus comme fous), ne
permet nullement de faire évoluer le regard posé par la société et les sujets
qui la composent et qui en édictent les normes. L'information ne doit pas
manquer, la communication ne doit pas être biaisée (notamment par des
allégations de dangerosité et des discours sécuritaires) pour que les
représentations sociales liées à la santé mentale aient une chance de
changer. En 1963, Erving Goffman avait pourtant ouvert la voie en matière de
transmission du savoir sur la stigmatisation. [résumé d'auteur]
Article
A lire en ligne depuis
les postes du CHSA :
http://www.empremium.com/articl
e/888663
10. JOUET E, MOINEVILLE M, FAVRIEL S, LERICHE P, GREACEN T.
Impact significatif auprès des conseillers à l'emploi d'une action de
sensibilisation à la santé mentale et de déstigmatisation incluant des usagersformateurs.
ENCEPHALE 2014 ; 40(2) : 136-42.
Les programmes et actions visant à lutter contre la stigmatisation et la
discrimination à l'encontre des personnes vivant avec un trouble psychique se
développent internationalement. Les actions de déstigmatisation faisant
intervenir des usagers des services psychiatriques ont montré leur efficacité
au niveau international. Cette étude évalue les effets sur les connaissances,
croyances, attitudes et désir de distance sociale de conseillers de Missions
locales parisiens d'une sensibilisation au handicap psychique à laquelle ont
participé des usagers-formateurs. Quatre-vingt-neuf professionnels ont
participé à huit journées de sensibilisation entre décembre 2008 et juin 2009.
Celles -ci s'appuyaient sur deux axes pédagogiques complémentaires : les
connaissances théoriques apportées par un psychiatre puis des témoignages
et échanges avec un usager-formateur. Un questionnaire administré en début
et en fin de journée a évalué l'impact de la journée sur les connaissances,
croyances, pratiques des participants ainsi que sur leur désir de distance
sociale par rapport aux personnes malades. Cette intervention formative de
courte durée axée sur une approche à la fois expérientelle et médicale a eu
des effets positifs sur les connaissances, les croyances et le désir de distance
sociale des conseillers d'accompagnement à l'insertion professionnelle par
rapport à la maladie mentale. Elle confirme leur besoin d'information et
améliore leur confiance à intervenir auprès d'un tel public. Des recherches
complémentaires sont nécessaires pour déterminer les effets à moyen terme
de ce type d'action de déstigmatisation dans le domaine de l'insertion
professionnelle et notamment sur les pratique [Résumé d'auteur]
Livre
Disponible à la BM
11. GIORDANA Jean-Yves Dir., ANGERMEYER Matthias, BALLESTER
ROSELLO Josep, BENRADIA Imane, BERTINI Marie-Joseph, BOGGERO
Martine, et al.
Stigmatisation en psychiatrie et en santé mentale.
Issy-les-Moulineaux : Elsevier Masson ; 2010.
La stigmatisation dans le champ de la psychiatrie et de la santé mentale
repose, à la fois, sur la méconnaissance, l'ignorance des principaux aspects
des maladies psychiques et sur une forme de construction sociale au sujet des
troubles psychiques qui prend appui sur l'identification, chez une personne,
d'une marque distinctive à laquelle est attribué un caractère socialement
honteux, en même temps qu'elle confère à la personne une identité sociale.
Des croyances d'ordre culturel, dont les médias font écho, génèrent la peur
de ces maladies pour le groupe social avec, en corollaire, un fort sentiment de
dévalorisation pour ceux qui en sont atteints. Ils peuvent devenir la cible
d'attitudes négatives, les préjugés à l'encontre des malades psychiques
faisant référence à des notions de violence, de dangerosité, d'inadaptation,
d'incurabilité, d'absence de motivation, voire de paresse. La stigmatisation
peut engendrer la discrimination et le déni des droits légitimes, et constitue
un obstacle majeur à leur réinsertion et à leur accès aux soins. Ainsi se
perpétue un cercle vicieux qui alimente la souffrance et isole davantage les
personnes malades, sans parler des effets délétères sur les relations
familiales et sociales, sur l'emploi, le logement, l'insertion sociale, l'estime de
soi, la confiance en soi. Comment faire évoluer la perception du grand public
? Des actions d'information, de sensibilisation et d'éducation doivent être
renouvelées auprès des élus, des décideurs, des prestataires de service, sans
oublier les médias, qui ont un grand pouvoir de renforcer ou de minimiser le
phénomène d'exclusion. Cette lutte doit adopter des approches
multisectorielles en y associant le monde scolaire, le système pénal ou
juridique, le pôle emploi, les services de logement ou encore l'aide sociale
afin d'améliorer l'humanité des rapports avec les usagers des services de
santé mentale et renforcer la protection de leurs droits fondamentaux.
[Résumé d’éditeur]
Article
A lire en ligne :
http://www.ncbi.nl
m.nih.gov/pmc/artic
les/pmid/25114531/
12. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2014 Jul 29;10:1399-405. doi:
10.2147/NDT.S54081. eCollection 2014.
Perspectives on perceived stigma and self-stigma in adult male patients
with depression.
Latalova K, Kamaradova D, Prasko J.
Author information Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and
Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Abstract
There are two principal types of stigma in mental illness, ie, "public stigma"
and "self-stigma". Public stigma is the perception held by others that the
mentally ill individual is socially undesirable. Stigmatized persons may
internalize perceived prejudices and develop negative feelings about
themselves. The result of this process is "self-stigma". Stigma has emerged as
an important barrier to the treatment of depression and other mental
illnesses. Gender and race are related to stigma. Among depressed patients,
males and African-Americans have higher levels of self-stigma than females
and Caucasians. Perceived stigma and self-stigma affect willingness to seek
help in both genders and races. African-Americans demonstrate a less
positive attitude towards mental health treatments than Caucasians.
Religious beliefs play a role in their coping with mental illness. Certain
prejudicial beliefs about mental illness are shared globally. Structural
modeling indicates that conformity to dominant masculine gender norms
("boys don't cry") leads to self-stigmatization in depressed men who feel that
they should be able to cope with their illness without professional help. These
findings suggest that targeting men's feelings about their depression and
other mental health problems could be a more successful approach to change
help-seeking attitudes than trying to change those attitudes directly. Further,
the inhibitory effect of traditional masculine gender norms on help-seeking
can be overcome if depressed men feel that a genuine connection leading to
mutual understanding has been established with a health care professional.
Article
A lire en ligne depuis
les postes du CHSA :
http://www.science
direct.com/science/
article/pii/S0165032
713006368
13. J Affect Disord. 2013 Dec;151(3):805-20. doi:
10.1016/j.jad.2013.08.014. Epub 2013 Aug 26.
Bipolar disorder and stigma: a systematic review of the literature.
Ellison N1, Mason O, Scior K.
Author information 1Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology Research
Department, University College London, London WC1E 7HB, United Kingdom.
Electronic address: nell.ellison.10@ucl.ac.uk.
Abstract
AIM: The degree to which bipolar disorder is stigmatised by the public and
the extent of internalised stigma for people with this disorder, their families,
and carers has been a relatively neglected area of research. This review aimed
to determine what is currently known about stigma and bipolar disorder.
METHOD: A systematic search of the literature was conducted to identify
publications which investigated public attitudes and/or beliefs about bipolar
disorder or explored internalised stigma in bipolar disorder. The electronic
databases PsychINFO, Medline, Embase, and Web of Science were searched
for articles published between 1992 and 2012.
RESULTS: Twenty five articles met the reviews inclusion criteria. There are
inconsistent findings regarding public stigma, although there is some
evidence that bipolar disorder is viewed more positively than schizophrenia
and less positively than depression. There is a moderate to high degree of
internalised stigma in bipolar disorder, although the literature raises
questions regarding its ubiquity in this population.
LIMITATIONS: Limiting the search by year of publication and excluding studies
where stigma was not the main focus could mean stigma has wider
implications than were identified.
CONCLUSIONS: This review is the first systematic synthesis of research
relating to stigma and bipolar disorder. In comparison to research on other
mental health problems, there is a dearth of literature exploring stigma in
bipolar disorder. The literature is largely inconclusive. Future research is
needed to replicate tentative findings and address methodological limitations
before the field can move on to the development of anti-stigma
interventions.
Article
14. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Jul 23;7:CD009453. doi:
10.1002/14651858.CD009453.pub2.
Mass media interventions for reducing mental health-related stigma.
Clement S1, Lassman F, Barley E, Evans-Lacko S, Williams P, Yamaguchi S,
Slade M, Rüsch N, Thornicroft G.
Author information 1Health Service and Population ResearchDepartment,
King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.
sarah.clement@kcl.ac.uk.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Mental health-related stigma is widespread and has major
adverse effects on the lives of people with mental health problems. Its two
major components are discrimination (being treated unfairly) and prejudice
(stigmatising attitudes). Anti-stigma initiatives often include mass media
interventions, and such interventions can be expensive. It is important to
know if mass media interventions are effective.
OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of mass media interventions on reducing
stigma (discrimination and prejudice) related to mental ill health compared to
inactive controls, and to make comparisons of effectiveness based on the
nature of the intervention (e.g. number of mass media components), the
content of the intervention (e.g. type of primary message), and the type of
media (e.g. print, internet).
SEARCH METHODS: We searched eleven databases: the Cochrane Central
Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, The Cochrane Library, Issue 7, 2011);
MEDLINE (OvidSP),1966 to 15 August 2011; EMBASE (OvidSP),1947 to 15
August 2011; PsycINFO (OvidSP), 1806 to 15 August 2011; CINAHL
(EBSCOhost) 1981 to 16 August 2011; ERIC (CSA), 1966 to 16 August 2011;
Social Science Citation Index (ISI), 1956 to 16 August 2011; OpenSIGLE
(http://www.opengrey.eu/), 1980 to 18 August 2012; Worldcat Dissertations
and Theses (OCLC), 1978 to 18 August 2011; metaRegister of Controlled Trials
(http://www.controlled-trials.com/mrct/mrct_about.asp), 1973 to 18 August
2011; and Ichushi (OCLC), 1903 to 11 November 2011. We checked
references from articles and reviews, and citations from included studies. We
also searched conference abstracts and websites, and contacted researchers.
SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs), cluster RCTs or
interrupted time series studies of mass media interventions compared to
inactive controls in members of the general public or any of its constituent
groups (excluding studies in which all participants were people with mental
health problems), with mental health as a subject of the intervention and
discrimination or prejudice outcome measures.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently extracted data
and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. We contacted study authors
for missing information. Information about adverse effects was collected
from study reports. Primary outcomes were discrimination and prejudice, and
secondary outcomes were knowledge, cost, reach, recall, and awareness of
interventions, duration/sustainability of media effects, audience reactions to
media content, and unforeseen adverse effects. We calculated standardised
mean differences and odds ratios. We conducted a primarily narrative
synthesis due to the heterogeneity of included studies. Subgroup analyses
were undertaken to examine the effects of the nature, content and type of
mass media intervention.
MAIN RESULTS: We included 22 studies involving 4490 participants. All were
randomised trials (3 were cluster RCTs), and 19 of the 22 studies had
analysable outcome data. Seventeen of the studies had student populations.
Most of the studies were at unclear or high risk of bias for all forms of bias
except detection bias.Findings from the five trials with discrimination
outcomes (n = 1196) were mixed, with effects showing a reduction, increase
or consistent with no evidence of effect. The median standardised mean
difference (SMD) for the three trials (n = 394) with continuous outcomes was
-0.25, with SMDs ranging from -0.85 (95% confidence interval (CI) -1.39 to 0.31) to -0.17 (95% CI -0.53 to 0.20). Odds ratios (OR) for the two studies (n =
802) with dichotomous discrimination outcomes showed no evidence of
effect: results were 1.30 (95% CI 0.53 to 3.19) and 1.19 (95% CI 0.85 to
1.65).The 19 trials (n = 3176) with prejudice outcomes had median SMDs
favouring the intervention, at the three following time periods: -0.38
(immediate), -0.38 (1 week to 2 months) and -0.49 (6 to 9 months). SMDs for
prejudice outcomes across all studies ranged from -2.94 (95% CI -3.52 to 2.37) to 2.40 (95% CI 0.62 to 4.18). The median SMDs indicate that mass
media interventions may have a small to medium effect in decreasing
prejudice, and are equivalent to reducing the level of prejudice from that
associated with schizophrenia to that associated with major depression.The
studies were very heterogeneous, statistically, in their populations,
interventions and outcomes, and only two meta-analyses within two
subgroups were warranted. Data on secondary outcomes were sparse. Cost
data were provided on request for three studies (n = 416), were highly
variable, and did not address cost-effectiveness. Two studies (n = 455)
contained statements about adverse effects and neither reported finding any.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Mass media interventions may reduce prejudice,
but there is insufficient evidence to determine their effects on discrimination.
Very little is known about costs, adverse effects or other outcomes. Our
review found few studies in middle- and low-income countries, or with
employers or health professionals as the target group, and none targeted at
children or adolescents. The findings are limited by the quality of the
evidence, which was low for the primary outcomes for discrimination and
prejudice, low for adverse effects and very low for costs. More research is
required to establish the effects of mass media interventions on
discrimination, to better understand which types of mass media intervention
work best, to provide evidence about cost-effectiveness, and to fill evidence
gaps about types of mass media not covered in this review. Such research
should use robust methods, report data more consistently with reporting
guidelines and be less reliant on student populations.
Article
A lire en ligne depuis
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http://link.springer.c
om/article/10.1007/
s00127-013-0729-4
15. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2014 Jan;49(1):79-87. doi:
10.1007/s00127-013-0729-4. Epub 2013 Jul 9.
Stigma in patients with schizophrenia receiving community mental health
care: a review of qualitative studies.
Mestdagh A1, Hansen B.
Author information 1Faculty of Medicine, LUCAS - Centre for Care Research
and Consultancy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,
annelien.mestdagh@med.kuleuven.be.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The aim of this review is to identify consistent themes among the
qualitative literature on stigma as experienced by patients with schizophrenia
receiving community mental health care. With the treatment focus of
schizophrenia nowadays shifting more and more towards community-based
mental health care, professionals need to be aware of the increased
vulnerability of their clients in their social environment as a result of stigma
towards their disease. In-depth knowledge on stigma is critical in order to
offer a dignifying community mental health care.
METHODS: A systematic search of the qualitative literature in Web of Science,
PubMed, PsycINFO and Francis was performed to review the subjective
experiences and ideas on stigma in outpatients with schizophrenia.
RESULTS: Three major themes were identified in 18 studies and need to be
taken into consideration when implementing an adequate community mental
health care: (i) the continuing existence of stigma inherent in the health care
setting, (ii) the importance of relational aspects of stigma encounters in daily
life and (iii) the significance of the behavioural aspects related to previous
stigma experiences and beliefs among patients.
CONCLUSIONS: Despite much effort in community treatment, patients still
experience stigma and discrimination. Community mental health care
professionals should not only be aware of structural problems in mental
health care, but should also pay considerable attention towards the relational
and behavioural aspects in their clients' life concerning stigma. Furthermore,
they have the crucial role in the community to raise awareness about stigma
in order to increase their clients' acceptance in society.
Article
A lire en ligne:
http://www.ncbi.nl
m.nih.gov/pubmedh
ealth/PMH0064858
16. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2013 Jun;201(6):490-503. doi:
10.1097/NMD.0b013e31829480df.
Effects of short-term interventions to reduce mental health-related stigma
in university or college students: a systematic review.
Yamaguchi S1, Wu SI, Biswas M, Yate M, Aoki Y, Barley EA, Thornicroft G.
Author information 1Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, National
Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry,
Tokyo, Japan. sosei.yama@ncnp.go.jp
Abstract
Although there are many interventions to reduce mental health-related
stigma in university or college students, their overall effect is unknown. This
article systematically reviews intervention studies and aims to identify the
effective approaches. We searched 11 bibliographic databases, Google, Web
sites of relevant associations, and reference lists and contacted specialists. A
total of 35 studies (N = 4257) of a wide range of interventions met the
inclusion criteria. Social contact or video-based social contact interventions
seemed to be the most effective in improving attitudes and reducing desire
for social distance. Evidence from one study suggests that a lecture that
provided treatment information may enhance students' attitudes toward the
use of services. However, methodological weaknesses in many studies were
also found. There was a lack of evidence for interventions in medical
students, for long-term effects of interventions, or for having a positive
impact on actual behaviors. Further research having more rigorous methods
is needed to confirm this.
Article
17. J Health Soc Behav. 2013 Mar;54(1):1-21. doi:
10.1177/0022146512471197. Epub 2013 Jan 16.
The public stigma of mental illness: what do we think; what do we know;
what can we prove?
Pescosolido BA.
Author information Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
pescosol@indiana.edu
Abstract
By the 1990s, sociology faced a frustrating paradox. Classic work on mental
illness stigma and labeling theory reinforced that the "mark" of mental illness
created prejudice and discrimination for individuals and family members. Yet
that foundation, coupled with deinstitutionalization of mental health care,
produced contradictory responses. Claims that stigma was dissipating were
made, while others argued that intervention efforts were needed to reduce
stigma. While signaling the critical role of theory-based research in
establishing the pervasive effects of stigma, both claims directed resources
away from social science research. Yet the contemporary scientific
foundation underlying both claims was weak. A reply came in a resurgence of
research directed toward mental illness stigma nationally and internationally,
bringing together researchers from different disciplines for the first time. I
report on the general population's attitudes, beliefs, and behavioral
dispositions that targeted public stigma and implications for the next decade
of research and intervention efforts.
Article
18. Psychiatr Serv. 2012 Oct;63(10):963-73. doi:
10.1176/appi.ps.201100529.
Challenging the public stigma of mental illness: a meta-analysis of outcome
studies.
Corrigan PW1, Morris SB, Michaels PJ, Rafacz JD, Rüsch N.
Author information 1Illinois Institute of Technology, 3424 S. State St.,
Chicago, IL 60616, USA. corrigan@iit.edu
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Public stigma and discrimination have pernicious effects on the
lives of people with serious mental illnesses. Given a plethora of research on
changing the stigma of mental illness, this article reports on a meta-analysis
that examined the effects of antistigma approaches that included protest or
social activism, education of the public, and contact with persons with mental
illness.
METHODS: The investigators heeded published guidelines for systematic
literature reviews in health care. This comprehensive and systematic review
included articles in languages other than English, dissertations, and
population studies. The search included all articles from the inception of the
databases until October 2010. Search terms fell into three categories: stigma,
mental illness (such as schizophrenia and depression), and change program
(including contact and education). The search yielded 72 articles and reports
meeting the inclusion criteria of relevance to changing public stigma and
sufficient data and statistics to complete analyses. Studies represented
38,364 research participants from 14 countries. Effect sizes were computed
for all studies and for each treatment condition within studies. Comparisons
between effect sizes were conducted with a weighted one-way analysis of
variance.
RESULTS: Overall, both education and contact had positive effects on
reducing stigma for adults and adolescents with a mental illness. However,
contact was better than education at reducing stigma for adults. For
adolescents, the opposite pattern was found: education was more effective.
Overall, face-to-face contact was more effective than contact by video.
CONCLUSIONS: Future research is needed to identify moderators of the
effects of both education and contact.
Article
A lire en ligne :
http://www.ncbi.nl
m.nih.gov/pmc/artic
les/pmid/22833051/
19. Adm Policy Ment Health. 2013 Sep;40(5):384-99. doi:
10.1007/s10488-012-0430-z.
Public stigma of mental illness in the United States: a systematic literature
review.
Parcesepe AM1, Cabassa LJ.
Author information 1Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of
North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. parcesep@email.unc.edu
Abstract
Public stigma is a pervasive barrier that prevents many individuals in the U.S.
from engaging in mental health care. This systematic literature review aims
to: (1) evaluate methods used to study the public's stigma toward mental
disorders, (2) summarize stigma findings focused on the public's stigmatizing
beliefs and actions and attitudes toward mental health treatment for children
and adults with mental illness, and (3) draw recommendations for reducing
stigma towards individuals with mental disorders and advance research in
this area. Public stigma of mental illness in the U.S. was widespread. Findings
can inform interventions to reduce the public's stigma of mental illness.
Article
A lire en ligne depuis
les postes du CHSA :
http://link.springer.c
om/article/10.1007/
s00127-012-0491-z
20. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2012 Apr;47 Suppl 1:1-38. doi:
10.1007/s00127-012-0491-z.
Fighting stigma of mental illness in midsize European countries.
Beldie A1, den Boer JA, Brain C, Constant E, Figueira ML, Filipcic I, Gillain B,
Jakovljevic M, Jarema M, Jelenova D, Karamustafalioglu O, Kores Plesnicar B,
Kovacsova A, Latalova K, Marksteiner J, Palha F, Pecenak J, Prasko J,
Prelipceanu D, Ringen PA, Sartorius N, Seifritz E, Svestka J, Tyszkowska M,
Wancata J.
Author information 1Department of Psychiatry Middelfart, Region of
Southern Denmark, Middelfart, Denmark.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Stigma is the most powerful obstacle to the development of
mental health care. Numerous activities aiming to reduce the stigma of
mental illness and the consequent negative discrimination of the mentally ill
and their families have been conducted in Europe. Descriptions of many of
these activities are not easily available, either because there are no
publications that describe them, or because descriptions exist only in local
languages. This supplement aims to help in overcoming this imbalance by
providing a description of anti-stigma activities in 14 countries in Europe
regardless of the language in which they were published and regardless
whether they were previously published.
METHODS: The review was undertaken by experts who were invited to
describe anti-stigma activities in the countries in which they reside. It was
suggested that they use all the available evidence and that they consult
others in their country to obtain a description of anti-stigma activities that is
as complete as possible.
RESULTS: The anti-stigma activities undertaken in the countries involved are
presented in a tabular form. The texts contributed by the authors focus on
their perception of the stigma of mental illness and of activities undertaken to
combat it in their country.
CONCLUSIONS: Although much has been done against the stigmatization and
discrimination of the mentally ill, fighting stigma remains an essential task for
mental health programs and for society. The descriptions summarized in this
volume might serve as an inspiration for anti-stigma work and as an
indication of potential collaborators in anti-stigma programs.
Article
A lire en ligne depuis
les postes du CHSA :
http://publications.c
paapc.org/media.php?
mid=1334
21. Can J Psychiatry. 2012 Aug;57(8):457-63.
From sin to science: fighting the stigmatization of mental illnesses.
Arboleda-Flórez J1, Stuart H.
Author information 1Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario. Julio.arboledaflorez@queensu.ca
Abstract
Our paper provides an overview of current stigma discourse, the origins and
nature of the stigma associated with mental illnesses, stigmatization by
health providers, and approaches to stigma reduction. This is a narrative
review focusing on seminal works from the social and psychological literature,
with selected qualitative and quantitative studies and international policy
documents to highlight key points. Stigma discourse has increasingly moved
toward a human rights model that views stigma as a form of social oppression
resulting from a complex sociopolitical process that exploits and entrenches
the power imbalance between people who stigmatize and those who are
stigmatized. People who have a mental illness have identified mental health
and health providers as key contributors to the stigmatization process and
worthy targets of antistigma interventions. Six approaches to stigma
reduction are described: education, protest, contact-based education,
legislative reform, advocacy, and stigma self-management. Stigma denigrates
the value of people who have a mental illness and the social and professional
support systems designed to support them. It creates inequities in funding
and service delivery that undermine recovery and full social participation.
Mental health professionals have often been identified as part of the
problem, but they can redress this situation by becoming important partners
in antistigma work.
Article
A lire en ligne depuis
les postes du CHSA :
http://link.springer.c
om/article/10.1007/
s00406-011-0252-0
22. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2011 Nov;261 Suppl 2:S119-23. doi:
10.1007/s00406-011-0252-0. Epub 2011 Sep 21.
Measuring the stigma of psychiatry and psychiatrists: development of a
questionnaire.
Gaebel W1, Zäske H, Cleveland HR, Zielasek J, Stuart H, Arboleda-Florez J,
Akiyama T, Gureje O, Jorge MR, Kastrup M, Suzuki Y, Tasman A, Sartorius N.
Author information 1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical
Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany.
wolfgang.gaebel@uni-duesseldorf.de
Abstract
The stigma of mental illness is a severe burden for people suffering from
mental illness both in private and public life, also affecting their relatives,
their close social network, and the mental health care system in terms of
disciplines, providers, and institutions. Interventions against the stigma of
mental illness employ complementary strategies (e.g., protest, education, and
contact) and address different target groups (e.g., school children and
teachers, journalists, stakeholders). Within this framework, the World
Psychiatric Association has adopted an Action Plan with the goal to improve
the image of psychiatry and to reduce potential stigmatizing attitudes toward
psychiatry and psychiatrists. To evaluate such interventions, a questionnaire
has been developed that assesses opinions and attitudes toward psychiatrists
and psychiatry in different samples of medical specialists (psychiatrists and
general practitioners). The questionnaire comprises scales about perceived
stigma in terms of the perception of societal stereotypes, self-stigma in terms
of stereotype agreement, perceived stigma in terms of structural
discriminations, discrimination experiences, stigma outcomes, and attitudes
toward a second medical discipline. It is available in several languages (Arab,
English, German, Japanese, Polish, and Spanish) and can easily be adapted for
utilization in other medical specialties.
Article
23.Soc Sci Med. 2010 Dec;71(12):2150-61. doi:
10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.09.030. Epub 2010 Oct 12.
Correlates and consequences of internalized stigma for people living with
mental illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Livingston JD1, Boyd JE.
Author information 1Forensic Psychiatric Services Commission, BC Mental
Health & Addiction Services, British Columbia, Canada.
jlivingston@forensic.bc.ca
Abstract
An expansive body of research has investigated the experiences and adverse
consequences of internalized stigma for people with mental illness. This
article provides a systematic review and meta-analysis of the extant research
regarding the empirical relationship between internalized stigma and a range
of sociodemographic, psychosocial, and psychiatric variables for people who
live with mental illness. An exhaustive review of the research literature was
performed on all articles published in English that assessed a statistical
relationship between internalized stigma and at least one other variable for
adults who live with mental illness. In total, 127 articles met the inclusion
criteria for systematic review, of which, data from 45 articles were extracted
for meta-analyses. None of the sociodemographic variables that were
included in the study were consistently or strongly correlated with levels of
internalized stigma. The review uncovered a striking and robust negative
relationship between internalized stigma and a range of psychosocial
variables (e.g., hope, self-esteem, and empowerment). Regarding psychiatric
variables, internalized stigma was positively associated with psychiatric
symptom severity and negatively associated with treatment adherence. The
review draws attention to the lack of longitudinal research in this area of
study which has inhibited the clinical relevance of findings related to
internalized stigma. The study also highlights the need for greater attention
on disentangling the true nature of the relationship between internalized
stigma and other psychosocial variables.
Article
24.Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2010 Jul;31(7):450-5. doi:
10.3109/01612840903537167.
Stigma in mental health: clients and professionals.
Horsfall J1, Cleary M, Hunt GE.
Author information 1Sydney South West Area Mental Health Service, Concord
Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
Abstract
Stigmatising attitudes are not uncommon among mental health professionals
who may be less than optimistic about outcomes for people with long-term
mental health problems. These perceptions are probably related to the
professionals' experiences, such as those working in the public sector dealing
with clients in the most disturbed phases of mental illness. We provide an
overview of stigma and some contemporary stigma conceptualisations and
then explore some stigma-reducing strategies for mental health
professionals. The way that mental health professionals work with patients
can have an important effect on their recovery.
Article
A lire en ligne :
http://www.ncbi.nl
m.nih.gov/pmc/artic
les/pmid/20338040/
25. BMC Health Serv Res. 2010 Mar 25;10:80. doi: 10.1186/1472-6963-10-80.
Experiences of mental illness stigma, prejudice and discrimination: a review
of measures.
Brohan E1, Slade M, Clement S, Thornicroft G.
Author information 1Health Service and Population Research Department,
Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5
8AF, UK. elaine.brohan@iop.kcl.ac.uk
Abstract
BACKGROUND: There has been a substantial increase in research on mental
illness related stigma over the past 10 years, with many measures in use. This
study aims to review current practice in the survey measurement of mental
illness stigma, prejudice and discrimination experienced by people who have
personal experience of mental illness. We will identify measures used, their
characteristics and psychometric properties.
METHOD: A narrative literature review of survey measures of mental illness
stigma was conducted. The databases Medline, PsychInfo and the British
Nursing Index were searched for the period 1990-2009.
RESULTS: 57 studies were included in the review. 14 survey measures of
mental illness stigma were identified. Seven of the located measures
addressed aspects of perceived stigma, 10 aspects of experienced stigma and
5 aspects of self-stigma. Of the identified studies, 79% used one of the
measures of perceived stigma, 46% one of the measures of experienced
stigma and 33% one of the measures of self-stigma. All measures presented
some information on psychometric properties.
CONCLUSIONS: The review was structured by considering perceived,
experienced and self stigma as separate but related constructs. It provides a
resource to aid researchers in selecting the measure of mental illness stigma
which is most appropriate to their purpose.
Article
26. Adm Policy Ment Health. 2010 Mar;37(1-2):61-70. doi: 10.1007/s10488010-0294-z.
Stigma in child and adolescent mental health services research:
understanding professional and institutional stigmatization of youth with
mental health problems and their families.
Heflinger CA1, Hinshaw SP.
Author information 1Department of Human and Organizational Development,
Peabody College of Vanderbilt University, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN
37203, USA. c.heflinger@vanderbilt.edu
Abstract
To understand the low utilization rates of child and adolescent mental health
services, it is necessary to recognize the kinds of professional and institutional
stigma that may produce barriers to care. We address the large literature on
the stigmatization of mental illness, linkages between such literature and
children's mental health services use, and the kinds of professional and
institutional attitudes and practices that communicate shame and low
expectations to youth and their families. It will take recognition of such
stigmatizing practices-including overcoming resistance to the messages
presented herein-to make real progress in the effort to increase utilization of
evidence-based practices. Multi-faceted, multi-level, and multi-disciplinary
approaches to both research and intervention are recommended.
Article
A lire en ligne :
http://www.ncbi.nl
m.nih.gov/pmc/artic
les/pmid/20215931/
27. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2010 Feb;49(2):92-103; quiz 198.
The stigma of childhood mental disorders: a conceptual framework.
Mukolo A1, Heflinger CA, Wallston KA.
Author information 1Institute for Global Health, Vanderbilt University
Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203-1738, USA.
abraham.mukolo@yahoo.com
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To describe the state of the literature on stigma associated with
children's mental disorders and highlight gaps in empirical work.
METHOD: We reviewed child mental illness stigma articles in (English only)
peer-reviewed journals available through Medline and PsychInfo. We
augmented these with adult-oriented stigma articles that focus on theory and
measurement. A total of 145 articles in PsychInfo and 77 articles in MEDLINE
met search criteria. The review process involved identifying and appraising
literature convergence on the definition of critical dimensions of stigma,
antecedents, and outcomes reported in empirical studies.
RESULTS: We found concurrence on three dimensions of stigma (negative
stereotypes, devaluation, and discrimination), two contexts of stigma (self,
general public), and two targets of stigma (self/individual, family). Theory and
empirics on institutional and self-stigma in child populations were sparse.
Literature reports few theoretic frameworks and conceptualizations of child
mental illness stigma. One model of help seeking (the FINIS) explicitly
acknowledges the role of stigma in children's access and use of mental health
services.
CONCLUSIONS: Compared with adults, children are subject to unique
stigmatizing contexts that have not been adequately studied. The field needs
conceptual frameworks that get closer to stigma experiences that are causally
linked to how parents/caregivers cope with children's emotional and
behavioral problems, such as seeking professional help. To further research in
child mental illness, we suggest an approach to adapting current theoretical
frameworks and operationalizing stigma, highlighting three dimensions of
stigma, three contexts of stigma (including institutions), and three targets of
stigma (self/child, family, and services).