goat raising - Agricultural Training Institute

5/6/2010
TIPS ON
GOAT
RAISING
AGRICULTURAL
TRAINING
INSTITUTE – XII
Industry Status
Low adoption
Goat Population
2000 – 3,125,556
2005 – 3,527,189
2.57% Annual Increase
Multi-purpose animals
58.4% - Milk
35.6% - Meat
4.3%
- Hide
1.7%
- Fiber
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BREEDS TO RAISE
ANGLO-NUBIAN
BOER
SAANEN
DADIANGAS
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TOGGENBURG
NATIVE
SELECTION CRITERIA
•
•
•
•
Adaptability
Type
Size
Health status
* Do not buy breeders from market
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HOUSING
MATERIALS
COGON/NIPA
USED G.I. SHEET
KAWAYAN
LOW QUALITY LUMBER
LOCATION
UNFLOODED AREAS
DIRECT SUNLIGHT
GOOD VENTILATION
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ELEVATION
2 to 3 M
1M
SPACE REQUIREMENTS:
Kidding
pen
Does/Bucks/Adults
0.75 - 1.5 sq.m./head
Growers
Kidding
pen
Growing
0.5 - 0.75 sq.m./head
Kids
Kidding
pen
Breeders
Weaners
0.20 - 0.50 sq.m./head
Loafing Area
100
to 150 sq.m./50 hds
Buck
supplies
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Fencing
• Hog wire (9(9-eye)
• Cyclone
• Post ((ipil
ipil--ipil
ipil;; kakawate,
kakawate,
kawayan)
kawayan)
• Barbwire – not advisable
FEEDING
• Grasses & Legumes
• Concentrates
0.1 to 0.7 kg
15% of Body weight
Ex. 30 kg goat needs 4.5 kg
of grasses/legumes/ day
0.15 x 30 kg = 4.5 kg
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Recommended Grasses/Legumes
• Grasses
CP%
Napier grass
Star grass
Guinea grass
Para grass
paragrass
rensonii
1.57
6.03
1.39
6.05
• Legumes
CP%
Flemingia
Rensonii
Indigofera
Centrosema
Calliandra
Ipil
Ipil--ipil
Kakawate
6.0
7.0
9.42
8.0
6.5
napier
kakawate
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Concentrate Ingredients (CP%)
•
•
•
•
Copra meal
Corn (grain)
Corn bran
Rice bran (cono)
(kiskis)
• Soybean oil meal (SBOM)
• Molasses
• Wheat pollard
20.6
8.1
10.5
12.3
6.2
44.0
2.0
17.1
CRUDE PROTEIN REQUIREMENT
AGE
2-16 weeks
4 months – kidding
Dry, Pregnant, Bucks
Lactating
CP %
22 % (starter)
18
18--20 %
16
16--18 %
16
16--18 %
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SAMPLE
22% Crude Protein
Ground corn – 12 kg ; Rice bran – 24; Copra
meal – 40; SBOM –8; Meat & Bone meal-10;
Molasses-5; Salt-1
18-20% C.P.
Copra meal-50; Wheat pollard-32;
Molasses-15; Bonemeal-2; Salt-1
16-18% C.P.
Copra meal-40; Corn-25; SBOM-15; Rice
bran- 10; Molasses-8; Bone meal 1; Salt-1kg
Management of Reproduction
Puberty – 4 to 8 months
Estrus cycle – 21 days
Length of estrus – 2 to 3 days
When to breed?
• As early as 7 mos. old provided it reaches 25 kg
Heat signs
bleating
flagging of the tail
reddened vulva
vaginal discharge
ride other does
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Breeding Soundness Examination
Does
intersex
intersex-- enlarged clitoris; hypotrophic vulva
Bucks
testicle (size and consistency)
prepuce and penis
erection and libido (anemia; pneumonia)
semen evaluation
Ways to induce estrus
• Sudden introduction of odoriferous buck
• 20 hrs light for 2 months
• Hormone
2.5 mg Prostaglandin F2F2-Alpha (PGF2a)
Progesterone + FSH or PMSG
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5/6/2010
What to do during breeding?
introduce the doe to the buck
breed 2x during estrous
provide assistance when
necessary
How to determine pregnancy?
Return to heat
Progesterone Test
Ultrasonography
Radiography
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5/6/2010
What to do after 150 days of gestation?
Clean & disinfect the kidding area
Kidding signs:
Stumping of feet
Restless, lying up – down
Waxing & engorgement of
the mammary gland
Swelling and discharges
from the vulva
Wipe & dry the newborn
Disinfect the navel
Suck colostrums within an hour
RECORDING KEEPING
Individual Record
Goat No./Name
Date of Birth
Sire
Dam
Sex
Birth weight
Color
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
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Breeder
Date
Breeding
Sire
Date
Kidding
Kid No.
Sex
Birth
Weight
Milk
Prod.
Lact.
Days
Ave.
Prod.
Remarks
Other Data:
Forage Production
Forage and Concentrate Intake
Health and Treatment Undertaken
Expenses and Income (ROI)
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Health Management
Sanitation
regular cleaning & disinfection
provide pit or lagoon for feces
Practice quarantine procedures
Health Program
Deworming
strategic treatment – every 6 months
tactical treatment – before & during rainy season
Vaccination
Common Diseases
Internal Parasitism (tapeworm)
Pneumonia
Orf
Leptospirosis
Mange
Aflatoxicosis
Hardware Disease
Bloat
Hypothermia (newborn)
Mastitis
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5/6/2010
Plants as Dewormer
Pakwan
Atis
Makabuhay
Kamatsile
Langka
Kakawate
Bunga/nganga
seeds (adlibitum)
leaves (adlibitum)
leaves (1 basket)
leaves (adlibitum)
leaves (once a week)
leaves (adlibitum)
15