Ergonomie Checkliste EN

Electric Drives
and Controls
Hydraulics
Linear Motion and
Assembly Technologies
The Ergonomics Checklist
for Manual Work Systems
A guide to the design of ergonomic workstations
Pneumatics
Service
Bosch Rexroth AG
Ergonomics Checklist
3 842 525 794 (2004.02)
Why adapting the workstation to suit task and
employee is important
A working surface which is slightly too
low, a part which is positioned slightly
beyond the employees’ reach or inadequate lighting – these apparently minor
factors can have a negative influence on
employee efficiency, safety and motivation. This in turn has a direct effect on the
productivity and manufacturing costs.
In fact, in the view of many experts, the
amount of productivity lost as a result of
the conditions described above is greater than that caused by actual illness.
To enable you to obtain maximum employee efficiency, safety and job motivation – and consequently productivity
– Rexroth has produced this brochure
on workstation ergonomics. Based on
the seven
fundamental rules of ergonomic design
this brochure will serve as your guide for
the design of workstations to suit every
employee and every task.
Properly designed workstations increase both employee productivity and job motivation as well as
product quality.
The FMSsoft software, based on the AutoCAD® system, enables you to quickly and easily adapt
workstations to suit the needs of the employees.
3 842 525 794 (2004.02)
Ergonomics Checklist
Bosch Rexroth AG
1. Taking body size into account
The height of the worktop surface must
be suitable for employees of differing sizes. The standard Rexroth work-stations
are designed for a range of heights that
covers 95 % of all adult female and male
sizes. Specially adapted workstations
are also available.
When selecting the workstation height
you should observe the following:
Ensure adequate freedom of movement
beneath the desk (for seated/standing
workstations the following applies:
foot room depth > = 550 mm,
leg room depth > = 350 mm).
Avoid obstacles such as drawers between the upper thigh and the underneath of the desk surface.

Rexroth workstations take account of the differing body sizes
The size of the workpiece on the desk
influences the employee’s posture.
When carrying out work that is very
demanding on visual monitoring and
the motor functions the working
position should be higher than for
activities that place minimal require ments on visual monitoring and
demanding requirements on arm
freedom of movement.

Take up various sitting positions,
depending upon the task of work.
– Forward seating position:
bending slightly forwards (assembly work that requires force).
– Central seating position: upright (assembling small components, testing).
– Rear seating position: leaning slightly backwards (testing, monitoring).
Use our planning software (FMSsoft)
which takes into account various sizes
as well as the relevant standards and
guidelines.

Seated and standing workstations

Visual distances and lower arm positions shown according to varying body height and
working height
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Bosch Rexroth AG
Ergonomics Checklist
2. Testing the area of reach
A distinction can be made between
three areas of reach at the workstation:
–maximum area of reach,
–optimum area of reach and
–area of reach with both hands.
All components, tools and all accessories should fundamentally be positioned
within the employee’s reach. Having
parts within easy access avoids the
need for turning the body, the arms
and bending and twisting wrist joints
when reaching for parts, consequently
reducing extreme stresses and injuries
that occur as a result of one-sided and
repeated movements.
The supply of components should be
planned on the basis of the following
criteria:
Area C
Mountings and containers with the
most frequently used components
should be positioned within this area as
this is where both hands work within
the field of vision.

Area B
Parts and tools which are frequently
collected with one hand should be
positioned here.

Area A
Do not position grab containers outside
this zone which can be used to
extremely beneficial effect.

Area of reach for a woman 1660 mm tall
(woman of medium height).
3 842 525 794 (2004.02)
3 842 525 794 (2004.02)
Ergonomics Checklist
Bosch Rexroth AG
5
3. Optimise the layout of parts containers and the material flow
Optimise container layout in order to
reduce superfluous movements and to
speed up the parts flow rate:
Containers with the most frequently
used components should always be
easily accessible with minimum
movement (within close grasp).

Heavy components should be located
in lower containers on the work
surface. Reason: it is less tiring to
remove components from the container
parallel to the work surface than to
remove components from an upper
container and place them onto the work
surface.

Where possible position all containers
within the optimum area of reach B.

Make use of the facilities for working
with both hands in order to save time.

Select container sizes to match parts
geometry and quantities.

Pay heed to the area of reach in order to minimise the reach of and the need for the employee to
turn his/her body.
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Bosch Rexroth AG
Ergonomics Checklist
3 842 525 794 (2004.02)
4. Avoid positioning workstations above heart height
Observe the following basic rules:
Avoid positioning workstations above
heart height, otherwise the blood
circulation will be reduced, resulting in
a rapid drop in the employee’s
performance.

Avoid tasks which involve static holding
during assembly, otherwise the supply
of blood to the muscles will be reduced
and muscle tiredness will increase. This
in turn will result in a fall in the
coordination capability, one of the main
factors for poor product quality.

Use seated/standing workstations and
group workstations in order to enable
the workload to be alternated.

Arrange for all work to be carried out below heart height in order to improve the blood circulation
Avoid activities which involve static holding, because otherwise the supply of blood is restricted.
3 842 525 794 (2004.02)
Ergonomics Checklist
5. Take account of fields of vision
The ergonomic requirements for the field
of vision should be taken into account
for the purpose of optimum workstation
design:
Avoiding unnecessary head and eye
movements saves the employee having
to repeatedly refocus his/her vision, an
action that puts a strain on the eyes.

Provide for a natural head position
(when standing 15°, when sitting 25°
angled towards the horizontal).

Arrange frequently required materials
within the optimum field of vision A
(objects can be easily identified by eye
movement without the need for head
movement).

Where possible, do not arrange
materials outside the maximum field of
vision C (objects can be identified
without head movement).

Reduce angle of vision to less than 35° (B)
Position the containers at the same
distance. The employee’s eyes will then
not have to refocus on differing
distances each time there is a change
in the angle of vision.

Limits of the maximum field of vision (B)
Limits of the field of vision expanded by head movement (D)
Bosch Rexroth AG
8
Bosch Rexroth AG
Ergonomics Checklist
3 842 525 794 (2004.02)
6. Adjust lighting to suit the task
Proper lighting is extremely important.
The correct lighting for a specific task
reduces errors and increases the
employee’s performance. A number of
guidelines for adapting the lighting to
suit the specific task are shown below:
General positioning task
For most tasks the standard light intensity is
500 Lux
Detailed positioning task
For specific viewing tasks
1000 - 1500 Lux is required
3 842 525 794 (2004.02)
Ergonomics Checklist
Bosch Rexroth AG
7. Adjust working aids to correct setting
Desk, chair, foot support, container, tool
preparation, material trolleys and box
lifting equipment settings should be
adjusted to suit the requirements of the
employee and his/her task.
Correctly adjusted working aids reduce
strain and downtimes and simultaneously
increase productivity and performance.
The ergonomically designed Rexrothcomponents for workplace
fitting-out form a co-ordinated system.
Utilise the adjustment facilities to maintain an economic and fatigue-free posture:
Place components and tools at the
correct height and distance: shorter
access times thanks to closer access
positions.

Ensure correct chair and foot rest
position: upper and lower thigh should
form a right angle.

Position movable material trolleys within
reach and angle them in such a way as
to enhance accessibility.
Correct adjustment of the workstation to suit the employee

Use box lifting equipment to avoid
fatigue when positioning heavy
components.

Adjustment to
suit individual
requirement:
1 = Hight
2 = Depth
3 = Angle
Correct adjustment of material trolleys to suit the employee
9
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Bosch Rexroth AG
Ergonomics Checklist
3 842 525 794 (2004.02)
FMSsoft planning software for the design of
ergonomic workstations
Rexroth supplies system integrators,
equipment distributors and end users
with an efficient 3D software package
based on AutoCAD® that offers improved project transparency and consequently reduces the specification time
and increases the order precision for
workstation design. The FMSsoft planning software uses icons or menu points
and parameter-aided programming techniques so that assemblies, 3D models
of humans or individual components of
the Rexroth equipment for ergonomic
workstations, can be quickly incorporated into a 2D or 3D drawing. Selecting
technical features and inserting properly
scaled drawings gives you a precise reference to actual reality.
Optimum
access range
The high quality display of the human
form is one of the FMSsoft elements.
This enables workstations to be ergonomically planned, tested and optimised to
suit every body size.
The software can be purchased from
your local Rexroth authorised dealer.
Presentation of the optimum access range.
Bosch Rexroth AG
Info Fax: +49 711 811-30364
Linear Motion and Assembly Technologies
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www.boschrexroth.com/brl
Bosch Rexroth AG
Linear Motion and
Assembly Technologies
Postfach 30 02 07
70442 Stuttgart, Germany
Tel. +49 711 811-30698
Fax +49 711 811-30364
www.boschrexroth.com/brl
Your concessionary
Australia
Bosch Rexroth Pty. Ltd.
3 Valediction Road
Kings Park, NSW 2148, Sydney
Tel. +61 2 9831 7788
Fax +61 2 9831 5553
Canada
Bosch Rexroth Canada Corp.
3426 Mainway Drive
Burlington, Ontario L7M 1A8
Tel. +1 905 335-5511
Fax +1 905 335-4184
Great Britain
Bosch Rexroth Limited
Cromwell Road
St. Neots, Huntingdon
Cambs. PE19 2ES
Tel. +44 1480 223 298
Fax +44 1480 470 789
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Bosch Rexroth Corporation
816 E. Third Street
Buchanan, MI 49107
Tel. +1 800 REXROTH
+1 800 739 7684
Fax +1 269 695 5363
Subject to technical modifications
© Bosch Rexroth AG 2004
Printed in Germany
3 842 525 794 (2004.02)
EN • BRL/MKT4