BPE Case Studies – Non-Domestic

BPE Case Studies
Non-domestic
Estover Community College
National Composites Centre
15th February 2016
Kevin Couling
Regional Director, AECOM
Building Performance Evaluation
• £8 million Innovate UK funding – four year programme 2010 –
2014
Aims
• to help designers & constructors to deliver more efficient, better
performing buildings.
• to assemble substantial body of data to draw generic conclusions on
performance
Findings
• Specific findings immediate benefit for participants
• Generic findings being widely disseminated across industry &
academia
2
Building Performance Evaluation
• Projects are a mix of domestic and non-domestic
• 44 domestic, 48 non-domestic projects
• New build or major refurbishment
• Either under construction, or within 3 years post
completion
3
AECOM BPE Projects
• Non-Domestic Buildings, Phase 1: Buildings In Use:
- Eli Lilly Research Office Building (completed February 2013)
- Stevenage Bioscience Catalyst (completed June 2013)
• Non-Domestic Buildings, Phase 2: Buildings In Use:
- National Composites Centre (completed August 2014)
- Estover Community College (completed July 2014)
• Domestic Buildings, Phase 2: In-use performance and post occupancy
evaluation:
- Seager Distillery Site Housing Development (completed August 2014)
4
Estover Community College
(Tor Bridge High)
National Composites Centre
Overview
• May 2012 – April 2014
• Occupant satisfaction
• Energy performance
• Renewable / low carbon technologies performance
• Internal conditions
• Lessons for industry
6
Tor Bridge High
Project Value
~£28m
Completion
August 2012
Client
Plymouth City Council
Architect
Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios
Structural Engineer
Jenkins & Potter
M&E Consultant
AECOM
Project Manager
EC Harris
Contractor
Kier Western
7
Phase
1
Phase 2
Phase 3
Phase
1
8
8
Tor Bridge High, Plymouth
• Approx 1,600 pupils on site
ranging from 4-18 years old
• 11 buildings
• 16,900m2
• 500kW Biomass boiler
• Mini district heat network
• 2x gas boilers (516kW and
452kW)
• Mainly naturally ventilated
9
Occupant satisfaction survey
• Only one survey carried out
• Response rate relatively low - 44%
• Positive
– Design of building
– Effect on behaviour of pupils
• Negative
– Lighting controls
– Noise
– Storage
10
Occupant Satisfaction
11
11
Wind vortex
12
Occupants like natural
ventilation
...but can leave night vents
open in winter
13
PIRs are not always as
effective as we anticipate
14
Biomass boiler
• FM and the Finance team lost
confidence in the biomass boiler
• Perceived added maintenance
burden, disposal of ash, and high
moisture content
• Fuel supply contract provided no
means of ensuring fuel quality
• Ineligible for RHI as gas boilers are
unmetered for heat so distribution
losses cannot be determined
• Shape of fuel pit caused problems
15
Heat consumption
Total heat consumption
300,000
350
250,000
300
250
kWh
200,000
200
150,000
150
100,000
100
50,000
50
0
0
Biomass Heat
Gas Boiler Heat
16
Degree Days
Degree Days
South West Region
kWh (primary axis), Regional Degree Days (secondary axis)
Comparison against EPC
250
kWh/m2
200
150
heat
electricity
100
50
0
EPC
Actual
17
Electricity consumption
Energy centre
Floodlighting Sprinkler house Unknown
4%2%
2%
1%
External lights
1%
Austen
Austen
Server
5%
5%
6%
Energy centre
4%
Faraday
Faraday
9%
9%
Unknown
29%
CADE Plant room
8%
CADE
North
CADE
North
9%9%
Sound House
11%
CADE
South
CADE
South
5%5%
Primary school
8%
Primary school
8% Cann
Bridge
Cann
6%
Bridge Kitchen Tenzing
5%
7%
Tenzing
5%
Kitchen
7%
5%
Graham Brown
0% 18
Sports Hall
Sports Hall
13%
13%
Graham Brown
0%
Comparison to benchmarks
Annual electricity benchmark comparison by block
80
Retained Block
70
New build
60
SEN Teaching
kWh/m2
50
40
30
20
10
0
Graham
Brown
Austen
Primary
school
Tenzing
Faraday
CADE North CADE South Cann Bridge
Blocks
19
Sound
House
Sports Hall
Typical
Good
practice
Typical
Guide F - Secondary
School
TM46
Comparison to benchmarks
TBH total annual electricity benchmark comparison
TBH total annual fossil fuel benchmark comparison
90
180
80
160
70
140
60
kWh/m2
kWh/m2
120
100
80
50
40
30
60
40
20
20
10
0
0
Actual
Typical
Good practice
Guide F
Actual
Typical
TM46
Typical
Good practice
Guide F
20
Typical
TM46
Lessons for industry
• Ensure high level sub-meter reconciliation shortly after handover
• If renewable / low carbon generation is utilised, make sure adequate
metering is in place otherwise funding opportunities may be missed.
• Natural ventilation strategy is highly dependent on occupants. More
effective ways to indicate appropriate use to occupants are required.
• Manual control can lead to high occupant satisfaction, but also to
inappropriate use and energy consumption.
• Suitability of biomass for schools needs careful consideration
• Out of term time use for schools can be problematic
• Occupant satisfaction possibly a missed opportunity
21
National Composites Centre
Project Value
~£25m
Completion
2011
Client
University of Bristol & South West RDA
Architect
Stride Treglown
Structural Engineer
Halcrow
M&E Consultant
AECOM
Surveyor
Cyril Sweett
Contractor
Kier Group
22
National Composites Centre
• 8,500 m2 state-of-the-art
industrial research facility
• Rapid build time – 10 months
• Mixture of office, workshop, and
specialised lab spaces
• BREEAM Excellent
• Large 138kWp PV array
• Rainwater harvesting
• Heating via 5 gas boilers
23
General layout
24
Ventilation
• Displacement ventilation in
workshop
– Low level fresh air
– Internal heat gains in winter
• Mixed mode for office areas
– Automatic windows
– Night cooling
– Squirrel infiltration
• Air tightness
– Part L – 6 m3/(h.m2) @ 50 Pa
– Achieved - 4 m3/(h.m2) @ 50 Pa
– BER ~10% better than TER
25
Key findings
• The NCC has proved a commercial successful – second NCC building
(NCC2).
• NCC2 designed by largely the same team as NCC, providing a rare
opportunity to directly feedback information from the BPE study.
• Occupants largely satisfied with the building. However, indications that
on occasion too hot in summer in office areas.
• Dynamic space - alterations made to space and services since
completion (particularly within the Main Workshop space) to
accommodate different functions.
• Benchmarking shows while energy consumption for fossil fuel is
comparable to other (possibly) relevant benchmark datasets, electricity
consumption is much greater.
• Significant opportunities for energy savings identified and fed-back
26
Comparison against EPC
27
Benchmarking
• Benchmarking difficult as very unique building
Total carbon intensity for NCC against raw and constructed
benchmarks
180
160
kgCO2/m2/p.a.
140
120
100
Fossil Fuel
80
Electricity
60
40
20
0
NCC Actual (FF Constructed TM46
TM46 adjusted)
28
Raw TM46
(Workshop)
PV array
29
PV performance
Annual comparison of PV generation
20,000
18,000
~3% more than predicted
16,000
Total yield (kWh)
14,000
12,000
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
Jul-12
Aug-12
Sep-12
Oct-12
Nov-12
Actual PV yield
Dec-12
Jan-13
Feb-13
Expected PV yield (MWh)
30
Mar-13
Apr-13
May-13
Jun-13
PV performance
PV Array Year 1 performance
160,000
140,000
120,000
100,000
80,000
kWh
60,000
40,000
20,000
-20,000
-40,000
-60,000
Design
47%
Actual
Design output
Actual output
6%
-80,000
On-site use
Export
Total generated
31
Electricity consumption
Clean RM Chiller
5%
Autoclave 1
6%
Manufacturing
Lighting total
6%
Spec Gases DB
Office lighting
5% Office Power
4%
5%
West
BusBar
5%
Clean Room P&L
3%
Ext Lighting
2%
Mech PLT West
PTRM
2%
Centre BusBar
6%
Other
9%
Nitrogen Plant
11%
Not connected to
BMS
10%
MCC PLT Space East
21%
East Freezer 1 & 2
2%
ATL/AFB Rapid depo P&L
1%
Robot 1&2
1%
Autoclave 1 Chiller
1%
Liquid resin cell
1%
Ply Cutter P&L
1%
UPS total
3%
Total electricity consumption:
2,370,000 kWh p.a.
32
Metering issues
• Timestamps incorrect
• BMS truncates exported meter data at
1,000,000 units
33
Clean Room P&L
Ply Cutter P&L
350
NCC sub meter reconciliation Fri
08/09/13
300
Robot 1&2
Spec Gases DB
Hot Drape Former
Office Power
Office lighting
Electricity consumption (kwh/half hour)
Ext Lighting 01
East Freezer 1 & 2
250
Rapid depo
Liquid resin cell
Manufacturing Pwr total
200
Manufacturing Lighting total
Clean RM Chiller
MCC PLT Space East
DB-02-BR-PL-12
150
Mech PLT West PTRM
Centre BusBar
West BusBar
100
Autoclave 1 Chiller
Nitrogen Plant
Autoclave 1
PV
50
Total incomer
0
Page 34
Gas consumption
Autoclave
6%
HWS
5%
Boilers
89%
Total gas consumption:
1,560,000 kWh p.a.
35
Workshop AHU temperature Thursday 19/12/13 to Friday
20/12/13
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Supply Temperature (°C)
Extract Temperature (°C)
Page 36
Setpoint
Occupant satisfaction
• Two surveys carried out using BUS method roughly a year apart.
• Achieved response rates of 78% and 73%
• Fed results back to design of NCC2
• Statistical comparison of qualitative answers conducted
37
Occupant satisfaction
Positive
Negative
• Collaborative environment
• Lack of men’s WCs
• Lots of natural light
• Distracting noise from rainwater
down pipe in office areas
• Breakout areas
• Being close to manufacturing facility
can be very motivational
• Varying temperatures throughout the
day from automatic windows opening
and closing
• Frustration with automatic lights
going on/off while people are still in
the office or meeting room.
• Lack of storage space for desk
areas, lockers for cyclists, and
workshop materials and tools.
38
Automated windows
frustrating occupants
39
Occupant satisfaction
40
Influence of the BPE study on the NCC2 design
• PV array electrical design - arrangement caused negative
readings on associated meter. Through feedback to NCC2, PV
array feeds directly into the main switch panel.
• Rain water pipes through offices. Noise issue highlighted by
BUS. For NCC2, rain water collection pipes will not run through
office spaces.
• Allocation of male/female toilets. NCC2 will have proportionally
more male than female toilets available for staff to better
reflect demographic.
• Screens are being provided on high level automated windows to
prevent entry of squirrels.
41
Lesson for industry
• High level meter reconciliation during aftercare following
commissioning
• Unsuitability of standard BMS for long term energy monitoring
• Ownership of energy data throughout the building life cycle
• Communication of metering strategy between design team and
installers
• PV design export assumptions should be made on regulated and
unregulated energy consumption
• Fully consider rain noise during design
42
Lessons for industry - Estover
• Excellent feedback from building users
• Users seem to appreciate having control over their environment
• Fulfils the primary function of providing a great place to teach and learn
Lessons for industry - NCC
• Significant commercial success
• Development of NCC2 allowed feedback from BPE directly to design
team
• Fulfils the primary function of providing first class facilities for ground
breaking research
43
Thank you!
Questions later…