Eucalypts of Northern Australia

Eucalypts of Northern Australia:
ecological & conservation values
A Summary
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Recommendations
Importance
Communities and species
Species richness
Spatial groupings
Range
Threat ratings
Threats
Reservation status
Study area and methods
1
2
Summarised from: Franklin DC & Preece ND. 2014.
The Eucalypts of Northern Australia: An Assessment
of the Conservation Status of Taxa and Communities.
A report to Kimberley to Cape, March 2014.
1
Ecological Communications, 24 Broadway,
Herberton Qld 4887, Australia
2
Biome5 Pty Ltd, PO Box 1200, Atherton, Qld 4883,
Australia
All photographs by Don Franklin except those on p10.
Summary prepared by Clare Taylor, Kimberley to
Cape Initiative www.kimberleytocape.net.au
Kimberley
to Cape
Eucalypts of Northern Australia
1. Key recommendations
A. Target conservation and management priorities
We recommend focusing conservation efforts on the following
priorities through improved management, covenanting and reservation:
 Eucalypt taxa and communities that are threatened by past, present
and impending land-clearing
 Eucalypt taxa and communities whose rarity in itself poses a threat
to their persistence, eg:
o extremely restricted taxa, including those located in the central
and north Kimberley and in the White Mountains area southwest of Charters Towers in Queensland
o restricted taxa, including those located in the central and north
Kimberley, the Top End centred on the Arnhem Plateau, and in
and around the Einasleigh Uplands of north Queensland.
• Eucalypt taxa and communities listed (or that should be listed) as
Threatened.
 Eucalypt taxa and communities that are not well represented in the
current conservation estate (crown and private reserves) regardless
of past or impending threats ie:
o the 11 species and three subspecies endemic to Northern
Australia that are not represented in any conservation reserve,
and the further 52 endemic species and 10 endemic subspecies
that have reservation indices of less than 30%
o the 12 of 84 eucalypt communities (Map Units) that are not
represented in any conservation reserve, and the further 40 of
these Map Units that that have reservation indices of less than
10% (and often less than 1%).
o
the very low level of reservation in inland (mostly pastoral)
districts in all three jurisdictions, and of the species-rich
Einasleigh Uplands in north Queensland.
Comment: Our analysis shows that the reserve system in northern
Australia is selective and often severely inadequate in its coverage.
Conservation efforts could include protection via crown, Indigenous and
private reserves, as well as voluntary covenanting or managing country for
biodiversity and related outcomes.
B. Improve listings of Threatened taxa and communities
We recommend the preparation of submissions for listing relevant species,
subspecies and communities under state, territory and Commonwealth
legislation and in the IUCN Red List of threatened species, including those
newly identified by this study as threatened.
Comment: Up-to-date listing of threatened taxa and communities is a key
element to the appraisal of threatening processes, including development
proposals. However it appears from this analysis that not all jurisdictions have
adequately evaluated threats and nominated taxa (this seems particularly the
case for Queensland and the Commonwealth) and that eucalypt communities
need better recognition as units to be assessed. Nevertheless, a substantial
body of relevant information and skill lies with jurisdictional agencies such as
state and territory herbaria and we recommend that relevant state and
territory agencies assist in reviewing the data in more detail and/or making all
pertinent information available for third party review. All relevant jurisdictions
and the IUCN also accept nominations from the public.
Figure 1. Left - Urn shaped
fruits of Twin-leaved
Bloodwood (Corymbia
cadophora subsp.
cadophora), Kimberley;
Right - Whitebark
(Eucalyptus apodophylla),
Northern Territory.
2
Eucalypts of Northern Australia
C. Minimise clearing and establish offsets for unavoidable clearing
Land clearing (in the past, present and impending) is the single greatest
threat to the eucalypts of northern Australia and we recommend it is
avoided in areas identified as having high ecological value. In other
areas, if clearing (eg for agricultural intensification) cannot be avoided
then it should be linked to land use planning and offsets.
We recommend adoption of policies and landuse planning processes
where eucalypts and eucalypt communities proposed for clearing are
strongly matched by taxon and community (and to the extent possible,
geographically) by substantial and secure reservation.
We also recommend pricing the carbon emissions involved in clearing
and, in particular, providing incentives for landholders based on the
costs of emissions, as tools with huge potential to reduce rates of land
clearing and to ensure that clearing of agriculturally marginal country
does not occur.
D. Undertake further research
A much better understanding of the ecology of eucalypts and eucalypt
communities in northern Australia is required for their ongoing
management and protection, and especially for land use planning
where clearing for agricultural intensification is unavoidable. These
research topics are fundamental to assessment and management of
risks. We particularly recommend research into:
1. the reproductive ecology of eucalypts. Key issues include identification of supra-annual patterns and drivers of flowering and how
these might be influenced by climate change, and identification of
pollinators capable of providing this service at relevant spatial scales
2. the landscape ecology of those pollinators capable of responding to
infrequent mass-flowering of eucalypts, most notably the Little Red
Flying-fox (Pteropus scapulatus) and Varied Lorikeet (Psitteuteles
versicolor). For example, what level of connectivity is necessary for
full maintenance of the ecosystem services they provide, and are
there thresholds of habitat fragmentation beyond which pollination
declines;
3. aspects of the demography of eucalypts that remain poorly
understood, including seedling establishment, the longevity of the
seedling bank and of mature trees and how this varies with species,
environments and disturbance across northern Australia;
4. the evolutionary relationships among species in order to better
understand the historical factors which have shaped the current
distribution of species;
5. potentially threatened taxa to determine their distribution and
abundance (ie field surveys);
6. remote areas, particularly in the Kimberley and any others with a
poor collection record (e.g. many inland areas), to locate new taxa
and fill in our knowledge of the distribution of known taxa (ie field
surveys);
7. more accurate (i.e. locally applicable) estimates of the emission of
greenhouse gases resulting from land-clearing to properly cost the
consequences of that clearing;
8. the consequences of climate change and shifts in fire regime for
eucalypts;
9. impacts of invasive flora and fauna on eucalypts;
10.identification of Evolutionary Significant Units for the conservation
of north Australian eucalypts with both general application and
particular relevance to the ability of species to cope with and
respond evolutionarily to climate change. ESUs may be identified on
the basis of geographic isolation, genetic distinctness or locallyadaptive features.
Figure 2. Savanna of
Variable-barked
Bloodwood (Corymbia
dichromophloia) in
foreground against
sandstone outcrops,
NT
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Eucalypts of Northern Australia
2. Importance of the eucalypts of Northern Australia
The vast sweep of eucalypt-dominated savanna across Northern
Australia is one of the greatest natural areas of the world. It is by far the
largest expanse of tropical savanna left in good condition; globally, 70%
of the area of original savanna has been lost (Woinarski et al 2007).
As well as having very high conservation value at a global level, the
savannas of northern Australia are valuable at a national level. Their
intact nature directly serves the tourism, recreation, fishing, seafood,
pastoral, biosecurity and bioprospecting industries, and contributes to
Indigenous health and livelihoods through provision of food,
maintenance of country, spiritual wellbeing and employment in land
management and other services. The savannas also indirectly serve
numerous other industries by attracting workers to the north, providing
lifestyle and health (physical and mental) opportunities, and through
many other ecosystem services. Intact savannas host an amazing
abundance and diversity of plants and animals, and are part of the
identity of the North. In other parts of Australia over 80% of eucalypt
woodlands have been cleared or heavily modified by intensive grazing
or other disturbances (Figure 3).
Figure 3: Residual,
modified and replaced
Eucalypt woodland
(from Woinarski et al
2007)
The eucalypt woodlands of Northern Australia differ from the remaining
eucalypt woodlands in other parts of the country - in the north, rainfall
is strongly summer-dominated and temperatures are high throughout
the year, the understory is mostly grassy, and fires are frequent and of
relatively low-intensity. The eucalypts themselves also differ notably in
several ways: the genus Corymbia is relatively prominent, and species
are mostly pollinated by birds and bats, have lower levels of volatile oils
in the foliage, and perhaps also have larger seeds. Also some species
are seasonally deciduous, and some have discolourous leaves (ie the
leaf back and front are different colours) held horizontally.
We know that the eucalypts of the Northern Australian savannas are
diverse, variable in range, and have high levels of endemism. However
there is much less known about the geography of species richness,
endemicity, rarity and other characteristics. This, combined with the
development pressures facing the North, means there is a clear need to
investigate, assess and map their ecological and conservation values.
Definition: The term “eucalypt” refers to members of three
closely-related genera:
Angophora, Eucalyptus and
Corymbia. The distinctness of Angophora has long been
recognised, these being the only eucalypts with obvious
petals. In both Eucalyptus and Corymbia, the primordial
petals fuse (along with the sepals in some species) to form a
bud cap that is not obviously petaloid, the showy colour of
flowers being provided by the stamens. Prior to 1995, all
non-angophoroid eucalypts were placed in Eucalyptus, a
situation that became untenable when independent genetic
studies using different techniques demonstrated that
bloodwoods and the ghost gum group (paper-fruited
bloodwoods) were more closely related to Angophora than
they were to other Eucalyptus species. This problem was
resolved with the re-assignation of the several hundred
species of bloodwoods and ghost gums to form the genus
Corymbia).
4
Eucalypts of Northern Australia
3. Eucalypt communities and species across Northern Australia
From a vegetation community perspective, 72 of 125 vegetation
community ‘Map Units’ in Northern Australia are characterised as
primarily dominated by eucalypts and a further 12 feature eucalypts as
secondary dominants (Fox et al 2001). Combined, these units cover 69%
of the tropical savanna portion of the Northern Australian study area.
Figure 4. Distribution of vegetation community types or ‘Map Units’ that feature
eucalypts from Fox et al (2001). Dark green = dominated by eucalypts; light green =
featuring eucalypts secondarily; Grey = vegetation types not featuring eucalypts as
primary or key secondary species. Based on Fox et al, 2001.
From a species perspective the eucalypt flora of northern Australia
comprises 188 species and 38 subspecies (includes one variety). Of
these, 105 species and 22 subspecies are strictly endemic to the study
area and a further 24 species and 3 subspecies nearly so. Seven species
are shared with New Guinea or the Islands of Wallacea to Australia’s
north. All three eucalypt genera are present in the study area, with
Eucalyptus being the most rich in species across the North and most
predominant in eastern Queensland (Fig 5a). Corymbia dominates the
northern Top End of the Northern Territory (Fig 5b), and Angophora
occurs only marginally in the study area (Fig 5c).
Figure 5. Proportional species richness of eucalypt genera in degree cells in northern
Australia. Only cells with more than 10 recorded northern Australian species have been
included. Cells that include land outside the study area may have additional species not
included the analysis.
5
Eucalypts of Northern Australia
4. Species richness across Northern Australia
Eucalyptus species richness is greatest in the central and northern
Kimberley, the Top End and eastern Queensland, with a peak richness
of 46 species in the one degree cell covering the Atherton Tableland
and adjacent western slopes of north Queensland. Species richness is
markedly lower in inland areas but interpretation of the magnitude of
this effect is somewhat confounded by reduced collection effort.
Figure 6. Stand of Pumpkin Gum (Eucalyptus pachycalyx subsp.
pachycalyx).
Figure 7. Richness of eucalypts in northern Australia: A. recorded; B. rarefacted.
Cells with land area outside the study area have been excluded because they may
contain additional species. Rarefacted richness is the mean richness of samples of
50 records and is thus constrained to those cells with 50 or more records.
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Eucalypts of Northern Australia
5. Spatial groupings of eucalypts across Northern Australia
Biogeographic analysis shows strong regional patterning with a shift in
species composition between Queensland east of the Gulf of
Carpentaria and areas to the west that is consistent with biogeographic
patterns identified among plants and animals in general. We identified
12 regional groups of taxa (Fig 8) with many groups exhibiting high
levels of regional endemicity, an analysis that adds substantially to
previous biogeographic interpretations of northern Australia.
Figure 9. Dendrogram of north Australian degree cells classified by the eucalypt
species recorded within them.
Figure 8. Dendrogram of north Australian eucalypt species based on their
presence in degree cells and collapsed post-hoc into 12 biogeographic
groups. One extra group (Mt Isa area) was identified from species left over
from this analysis.
An alternative perspective is provided by classifying degree cells by the
species recorded within them (Fig 9 & 10) (note this classification is not
simply an inversion of the previous analysis since all records from cells
outside the study area and poorly represented cells have been
excluded). Here the primary division is between Queensland [eastern +
northern] and the area to the north-west including the Gulf lowlands of
Queensland. Further subdivision into five sub-groups (1a to 2b) is
strongly supported statistically.
Figure 10. Degree cells classified according to the eucalypt species present in
them. Groups and sub-groups are derived from the classification in Fig. above i.e:
1 = north-west Australia; 2 = eastern and northern Queensland. 1a = SW
Kimberley; 1b = Kimberley & Top End; 1c = semi-arid zone; 2a = central [eastern]
Queensland; 2b = Cape York Peninsula & Wet Tropics.
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Eucalypts of Northern Australia
6. Eucalypt species with restricted ranges
Sixteen species and seven subspecies are rated as extremely restricted
(priority 1), while 125 species and 21 subspecies were rated as not at all
restricted (priority 5). The greatest concentrations of extremely
restricted taxa are in the central and north Kimberley and in the White
Mountains area south-west of Charters Towers in Queensland.
Restricted taxa (i.e. priorities 1-4) are common in the central and north
Kimberley, the Top End centred on the Arnhem Plateau, and in and
around the Einasleigh Uplands of north Queensland.
Figure 11. Richness of restricted range north Australian eucalypt taxa in degree
cells in four cumulative ranked priorities.
Priority 1 cells contain extremely restricted taxa
Priority 2 cells contain extremely restricted and very restricted taxa
Priority 3 cells contain extremely restricted, very restricted and restricted taxa
Priority 4 cells contain extremely restricted, very restricted, restricted and
somewhat restricted taxa.
Please see Table 1 (p13) for information on Priority 1 species.
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Eucalypts of Northern Australia
7. Threat ratings of Northern Australian eucalypts
Applying IUCN criteria, we assessed 19 north Australian eucalypt taxa as
Threatened (three as Endangered, 16 as Vulnerable (Table 2 p15)), and
an additional nine as Near Threatened and two as Data Deficient.
Seventeen of these assessments were based solely on decline due to
clearing (criterion A2b), four were rated on the basis of a combination
of rarity and decline due to clearing (criteria B1a,b(ii,v) and B2a,b(ii,v)),
and nine taxa were rated on the basis of extreme rarity alone (criteria
D1 and/or D2). Taxa we rated as Threatened are strongly concentrated
in eastern Queensland. These ratings differ markedly from official
listings of Threatened taxa, with the latter seriously under-representing
the level of threat but also rating a number of taxa as Threatened which
clearly are not. Nine north Australian eucalypt taxa are currently listed
as Threatened under State and Commonwealth legislation.
Figure 12. Number of north Australian eucalypt taxa in degree cells: A. listed as
threatened; B. listed as of concern; C. rated by us as threatened; and D. rated by
us as Near Threatened or Data Deficient.
9
Eucalypts of Northern Australia
8. Threats to eucalypts in Northern Australia
The major threat to the persistence of eucalypts in northern
Australia is land clearing. Climate change may pose a substantial
threat to some populations in the future. Local reduction in
populations may occur because of frequent intense fires driven by
invasive Gamba Grass and because of rainforest expansion.
Land-clearing is strongly concentrated in the south-east of the study
area and also along the Queensland coast north to the Wet Tropics.
Targeted assessment of taxa demonstrated indices of clearing of
>30% – sufficient to qualify as threatened under IUCN criteria
independent of rarity – for eight taxa. A further nine taxa have
indices of between 20 and 30%, sufficient to qualify as Near
Threatened under IUCN criteria.
Five eucalypt Map Units
(communities) have been more than 50% cleared and a further
three have been 30–50% cleared. Map Units subjected to extensive
clearing have not been adequately reserved by way of
compensation.
Figure 13. Threats to the persistence of eucalypts across Northern Australia such
as broad scale land clearing and changed fire regimes
(Gamba grass photos: S Setterfield)
(photoes
10
Eucalypts of Northern Australia
9. Reservation status of eucalypt species and communities
Conservation reserves in Northern Australia are concentrated in the
higher rainfall regions of the north-west, and along sections of the
Queensland coast especially on Cape York Peninsula and in the Wet
Tropics. There is considerable complementarity between crown and
private reserves in their coverage of taxa and communities.
Eleven species and three subspecies endemic to the study area do not
occur in either a crown or private nature reserve, and a further 28
endemic species and ten endemic subspecies have reservation indices
of less than 10% (Table 3, p15). 52 have indices <30%.
Twelve of 84 eucalypt community Map Units are not represented in any
crown or private conservation reserve, while a further 40 of these
community Map Units are poorly represented with less than 10% of
their area (and often less than 1%) in conservation reserves.
Figure 14. a) Conservation estate of Northern Australia and extent of land
clearing; b) reservation status of eucalypt community Map Units ; c) land
clearing status of eucalypt community Map Units
11
Eucalypts of Northern Australia
10. Study area and methods
In this study northern Australia is defined as the tropical savanna region
plus the embedded Wet Tropics and Central Queensland Coast
bioregions.
The investigation used almost 52,000 records from Australia’s Virtual
Herbarium, shapefiles of vegetation community Map Units from The
Vegetation of the Australian Tropical Savannas (Fox et al, 2001) and the
National Vegetation Information System, shapefiles of land clearing and
of crown and private conservation reserves, the literature and a
miscellany of other sources.
Records from Australia’s Virtual Herbarium were vetted heavily to
remove errors. The taxonomic standard employed is that of the
Australian Plant Census of 2011. Restrictedness categories are based
on Red List criteria relating to Extent of Occurrence and extrapolation
to Area of Occurrence and the number of records. Clearing and
reservation indices were developed using the location of herbarium
records. The threat status of species and subspecies was assessed for
their entire range and in strict conformity with Red List criteria from the
International Union for the Conservation of Nature.
For more information on any aspects of this summary please see the
full report: Franklin DC & Preece ND. 2014. The Eucalypts of Northern
Australia: An Assessment of the Conservation Status of Taxa and
Communities. A report to the Kimberley to Cape Initiative, March 2014.
Acknowledgements: The Eucalypts of Northern Australia project was kindly funded by the
Bjarne K Dahl Trust as part of ‘Kimberley to Cape’, an initiative committed to safeguarding the
natural and cultural values of Northern Australia through sustainable development and
conservation. The report authors thank Jess Abrahams, Stuart Blanch, Peter Bostock, Barry
Conn Ian Cowie, Darren Crayn, Gay Crowley, Nick Dosremedios, Kym Dungey, and Rod
Fensham, Stephen Garnett, David Gillieson, Paul Gioia, Niels Klazenga, Rob Law, David Martin,
Andree Slee, Frank Udovicic and Alison Vaughan. Clare Taylor (Kimberley to Cape) takes
responsibility for any errors or omissions from the main text.
Figure 15. Study area A. yellow-shading with major towns; B. showing the 21
savanna bioregions (various shades of grey) and two rainforest IBRA bioregions
(green). Map based on the Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia.
12
Eucalypts of Northern Australia
Table 1: Eucalypt species and subspecies of northern Australia rated as “extremely restricted” in this study (ie priority 1 in Fig 11)
“Degree cells” are cells of 1° of latitude and longitude and are notated by the whole numbers of latitude and longitude. Thus, for example, “12/130” means
the degree cell centred at 12.5° South by 130.5° East (this cell contains the city of Darwin).
Common name
Scientific name
Degree cells
Brief description of location
Yellow Bloodwood
Corymbia aureola
21/148, 22/147, 22/148, 23/148 sub-coastal central Queensland
Twin-leaved Bloodwood
Corymbia cadophora subsp. pliantha
central and west Kimberley, WA
15/126, 16/126, 16/127
Corymbia cadophora subsp. polychroma 16/128
east Kimberley, WA
Corymbia clavigera
13/126, 14/124, 14/125,
coast and islands of north-west Kimberley, WA
14/126, 15/125
Cable Beach Ghost Gum
Corymbia paractia
coast near Broome, WA
17/122, 18/122
Corymbia sp. Pentland Hills
Pentland Hills, SW of Charters Towers, Qld
20/145
Corymbia sp. Springsure
near Springsure, Qld
24/148
Corymbia torta subsp. allanii
north-west Kimberley, WA
14/125, 14/126
Corymbia torta subsp. mixtifolia
north Kimberley, WA
14/126, 14/127
Corymbia torta subsp. torta
15/125, 16/125, 16/126, 17/127 central Kimberley, WA
Seppelt Range Yellowjacket Eucalyptus ceracea
Seppelt Range, north Kimberley, WA
14/127
Kimberley Box
Eucalyptus costuligera
between El Questro & Gibb River, Kimberley, WA
15/127, 16/126, 16/127
Lolworth Range Ironbark
Eucalyptus farinosa
north of Pentland, Qld
20/145
Broad-leaved Box
Eucalyptus fitzgeraldii
14/126, 15/124, 16/125, 16/126 central & north-west Kimberley, WA
Kakadu Woollybutt
Eucalyptus gigantangion
Kakadu National Park & vicinity, NT
12/132, 12/133, 13/132
Gregory Gum
Eucalyptus gregoriensis
Gregory National Park, NT
16/130
Kenneally’s White Gum
Eucalyptus kenneallyi
coastal north-west Kimberley, WA
15/124, 16/123
Koolpin Box
Eucalyptus koolpinensis
southern Kakadu National Park & vicinity, NT
13/132, 13/133
Northern Peppermint
Eucalyptus lockyeri subsp. lockyeri
western Atherton Tableland, Qld
17/145
Mt Isa Mallee
Eucalyptus nudicaulis
vicinity of Mt Isa, Qld
20/139, 20/140
Broad-leaved Box
Eucalyptus oligantha subsp. modica
central to north-east Kimberley, WA
14/127, 15/127, 16/126
Springsure Ironbark
Eucalyptus sicilifolia
near Springsure, Qld
23/148, 24/148
Eucalyptus sp. Mt Hope Homestead
19/145, 19/146, 20/145,
sub-coastal central Queensland
20/146, 21/146
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Eucalypts of Northern Australia
Table 2: Eucalypt species and subspecies of northern Australia assessed by us as threatened (Endangered or Vulnerable).
Common name
Dawson River Blackbutt
Black Ironbox
Springsure Ironbark
Dallachy’s Ghost Gum
Red Bloodwood
Paluma Range Yellowjacket
Cable Beach Ghost Gum
Cadaghi
Queensland Peppermint
Lolworth Range Ironbark
Kenneally’s White Gum
Koolpin Box
Mt Isa Mallee
Mt Stuart Ironbark
Poplar Gum
Narrow-leaved White Mahogany
Scientific name
Eucalyptus cambageana
Eucalyptus raveretiana
Eucalyptus sicilifolia
Corymbia cadophora subsp. polychroma
Corymbia dallachiana
Corymbia erythrophloia
Corymbia leptoloma
Corymbia paractia
Corymbia sp. Pentland Hills
Corymbia sp. Springsure
Corymbia torelliana
Eucalyptus exserta
Eucalyptus farinosa
Eucalyptus kenneallyi
Eucalyptus koolpinensis
Eucalyptus nudicaulis
Eucalyptus paedoglauca
Eucalyptus platyphylla
Eucalyptus tenuipes
Assessed
status
Endangered
Endangered
Endangered
Vulnerable
Vulnerable
Vulnerable
Vulnerable
Vulnerable
Vulnerable
Vulnerable
Vulnerable
Vulnerable
Vulnerable
Vulnerable
Vulnerable
Vulnerable
Vulnerable
Vulnerable
Vulnerable
Basis for assessment
Extensive land clearing
Extensive land clearing
Rarity, clearing, and threat of clearing
Extreme rarity
Extensive land clearing
Extensive land clearing
Extreme rarity
Rarity and threat of clearing
Extreme rarity
Extreme rarity
Extensive land clearing
Extensive land clearing
Extreme rarity
Extreme rarity
Extreme rarity
Rarity and threat of clearing
Rarity and threat of clearing
Extensive land clearing
Extensive land clearing
IUCN Criterion
A2b
A2b
B1a,b(ii,v)B2a,b(ii,v)
D1, D2
A2b
A2b
D2
B1ab(ii,v)
D2
D2
A2b
A2b
D2
D2
D2
B1a,b(ii,v)
B1a,b(ii,v)
A2b
A2b
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Eucalypts of Northern Australia
Table 3: Poorly-reserved (<10%) eucalypt species and subspecies endemic to northern Australia. Reservation percentages are an index: the % of unique
herbarium records that are from reserves. Crown reserves include national parks and other crown-run land committed primarily to conservation. Private
reserves are Indigenous Protected Areas and properties managed by the Australian Wildlife Conservancy and Bush Heritage Australia.
Common name
Scientific name
Reservation %
Common name
Scientific name
Reservation %
crown
private total
crown
private
total
Corymbia cadophora subsp. pliantha
0.0
0.0
0.0
Queensland Woollybutt
Eucalyptus chartaboma
2.7
0.0
2.7
Corymbia cadophora subsp.
polychroma
Corymbia clandestina
0.0
0.0
0.0
Reid River Box
Eucalyptus brownii
3.0
0.0
3.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Rustyjacket
Corymbia peltata
3.2
0.0
3.2
Corymbia ligans
0.0
0.0
0.0
Queensland Yellowjacket
Eucalyptus similis
3.5
0.0
3.5
Cable Beach Ghost
Gum
-
Corymbia paractia
0.0
0.0
0.0
Gilbert River Box
Eucalyptus microneura
3.7
0.0
3.7
Corymbia sp. Pentland Hills
0.0
0.0
0.0
Broad-leaved Box
3.8
0.0
3.8
-
Corymbia sp. Springsure
0.0
0.0
0.0
Pindan Ghost Gum
Eucalyptus oligantha subsp.
oligantha
Corymbia dendromerinx
0.0
4.1
4.1
-
Corymbia torta subsp. mixtifolia
0.0
0.0
0.0
Glen Geddes Bloodwood
Corymbia xanthope
5.4
0.0
5.4
Lolworth Range
Eucalyptus farinosa
Ironbark
Kenneally’s White Gum Eucalyptus kenneallyi
0.0
0.0
0.0
Red Bloodwood
Corymbia ellipsoidea
5.7
0.0
5.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
Newcastle Range Box
Eucalyptus provecta
5.9
0.0
5.9
Mt Isa Mallee
Eucalyptus nudicaulis
0.0
0.0
0.0
Eucalyptus ceracea
0.0
6.1
6.1
Kununurra Gum
Eucalyptus ordiana
0.0
0.0
0.0
Seppelt Range
Yellowjacket
Redthroated Bloodwood
Corymbia rhodops
6.3
0.0
6.3
Mt Stuart Ironbark
Eucalyptus paedoglauca
0.0
0.0
0.0
Knotted Box
Eucalyptus persistens
6.6
0.9
7.5
-
Eucalyptus sp. Mt Hope Homestead
0.0
0.0
0.0
Rusty Bloodwood
Corymbia umbonata
7.5
0.0
7.5
White’s Ironbark
Eucalyptus whitei
0.6
0.0
0.6
Yellow Bloodwood
Corymbia aureola
8.3
0.0
8.3
Georgetown
Bloodwood
Pumpkin Gum
Corymbia pocillum
2.0
0.0
2.0
Lemon-scented Ironbark
Eucalyptus staigeriana
8.5
0.0
8.5
1.1
1.1
2.1
Northern Peppermint
0.0
8.8
0.0
2.2
2.2
Cabbage Gum
5.8
3.3
9.1
Cloncurry Box
Eucalyptus leucophylla
2.6
0.0
2.6
Chillagoe Ghost Gum
Eucalyptus lockyeri subsp.
lockyeri
Corymbia grandifolia subsp.
grandifolia
Corymbia x chillagoensis
8.8
Blotchy Bloodwood
Eucalyptus pachycalyx subsp.
pachycalyx
Corymbia stockeri subsp. stockeri
0.0
9.4
9.4
Twin-leaved
Bloodwood
Drummond Range
Bloodwood
Greenvale Bloodwood
15