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Folgore - Eduard
Folgore ITALIAN FIGHTER 1/48 SCALE PLASTIC KIT #1132 INTRO The Macchi C.202 Folgore (Italian "thunderbolt") was a World War II fighter aircraft designed by Mario Castoldi, built by Macchi Aeronautica and operated mainly by the Regia Aeronautica. The decision of the Italian military authorities to adopt radial engines meant that, during the second half of the 1930s, the Italian aeronautical industry failed to develop more powerful engines based on streamlined liquid-cooled designs.This forced Macchi Aeronautica to rely on the ageing Fiat A.74 radial engine for its C.200 fighter. By 1941, the C.200, armed with two 12.7 mm (.50 in) machine guns and with a maximum speed of 504 km/h (315 mph), was obsolete. In July 1939, the most powerful reliable Italian inline engine was the 715 kW (960 hp) Isotta Fraschini Asso XI R.C.40, which was designed in 1936. In November 1939, Alfa Romeo acquired the license to produce the DB 601Aa as the Alfa-Romeo RA.1000 R.C.41-I Monsone, which was to be used in the production of C.202s. Macchi chief of design Mario Castoldi began to work on mating the Macchi C.200 wings, undercarriage, vertical and horizontal tail units with a new fuselage incorporating the imported DB 601Aa. Design of the new fighter began in January 1940 and, less than seven months later, on 10 August 1940, the sole prototype, MM.445, made its first flight, two months after Italy's entry into World War II. Test results showed that Italy had caught up with Britain and Germany in the field of fighter airplanes. The prototype was flown to the Regia Aeronautica's main test airfield at Guidonia, where it met with an enthusiastic response from test pilots. A speed of 603 km/h (375 mph) was recorded, with 5,486 m (18,000 ft) being reached in six minutes and little of the good maneuverability of the C.200 was lost. Due to the flight test reports, the C.202 was immediately ordered into production with the first examples appearing in May 1941. Breda in Milan was also chosen to build the C.202 and eventually built the majority of the type. SAI-Ambrosini was another sub-contractor, building some 100 C.202s. The first units selected to be equipped with the C.202 Series I were the 17° and 6° Gruppi, from 1° Stormo, based at the airfield of Campoformido, near Udine, and the 9° Gruppo of 4° Stormo, based in Gorizia. Their pilots start to train on the new fighter in May–June 1941, at Lonate Pozzolo (Varese), the airfield of the Macchi. The Folgore first saw service during the Siege of Malta on 29 or 30 September 1941; this first mission was intercepting British Hurricanes over Sicily. From early October 1941 the Italian units commenced extensive operations over Malta, on the besieged island, the new Macchi fighter was not only used for fighter operations, but also for ground attacks and reconnaissance missions. The presence of the Folgores in Maltese skies was to last only until the end of November, when most of the unit was transferred to the deteriorating North Africa front. On 29 July, the three first operational C.202s of 4° Stormo, 97ª Squadriglia, landed at Merna airport in north Africa. On 26 November 1941, during Operation Crusader, 19 Macchis of 9° Gruppo, 4° Stormo were sent to Africa, and by the end of the month the whole 1° Stormo was in Libya, both units taking part in the last stages of the British offensive that led to the raising of the siege of Tobruk, and the retreat of Italian and German troops in Cyrenaica in December. During its initial combats over the Western Desert, the Folgore was quite a surprise to British pilots and it remained a respected adversary. During 1942, Bf 109F/Gs and Macchi C.202s fought Allied air forces in the skies of North Africa. At the end of the year, the growing strength of the Allied forces was overwhelming and after the defeat in the skies over Malta as well as El-Alamein the last operational Axis units lost their air superiority in the Mediterranean. The Germans and the Italians succeeded in establishing a bridgehead in Tunisia, and later in December the Regia Aeronautica transferred four fighter squadrons there. In early 1943, Regia Aeronautica had only 54 serviceable C.202 in 12 squadrons. The Macchis continued fighting while retreating to Tunisia and then in the defence of Sicily, Sardinia and Italy against an increasingly stronger opponent. In August 1942, at the beginning of the German offensive in Russia was 21° Gruppo Autonomo C.T. composed of 356ª, 382ª, 361ª and 386ª Squadriglia deployed to the Stalino, Lughansk, Kantemirovka and Millerovo airfields, fighting against the Red Army positions on the east Don river during October–November 1942. The fighters operated in adverse climate conditions (40° to 45° below zero and heavy snow storms) while under heavy Russian fighterbomber harassment. Only a total of 17 missions were flown with Folgores on the Eastern Front during a four-month period. After the abandonment of advanced airfields between December 1942 – January 1943 at Voroshilovgrad, Stalino and Tscerkow, the Italian air units operated in defensive actions against a more potent Soviet air offensive. In March 1943, the Corpo Aereo Italiano was detached to Odessa airbase joiningand the last effective operation of Corpo Aereo Italiano in Russia occurred on 17 January 1943. At the Armistice, there were only 186 Folgores, with 100 aircraft still serviceable. Several C.202s also served with the Italian Co-Belligerent Air Force, and some were transformed into C.205s or C.202/205 with the Veltro's engine. Others served as trainers in the Aeronautica Nazionale Repubblicana (National Republican Air Force) of the Italian Social Republic and the Luftwaffe. Switzerland ordered 20 C.202s, but none were delivered, because at that time (12 May 1943), Italy no longer had the capability to export these types of aircraft. 12 C.202s and probably another 12 were delivered to the Croatian Air Force Legion for operational use against the RAF and USAAF over Croatia in mid-1944, all ex-LW fighters. The Macchi C.202 was flown by almost all the most successful Italian aces, considered to be one of the best wartime fighters to serve in large numbers with the Regia Aeronautica, the Folgore operated on all fronts in which Italy was involved. 1132 - NAV1 ATTENTION UPOZORNĚNÍ INSTRUCTION SIGNS INSTR. SYMBOLY BEND OHNOUT OPTIONAL VOLBA ACHTUNG PARTS INSTRUKTION SINNBILDEN SYMETRICAL ASSEMBLY SYMETRICKÁ MONTÁŽ OPEN HOLE VYVRTAT OTVOR ATTENTION DÍLY REVERSE SIDE OTOČIT REMOVE ODŘÍZNOUT TEILE SYMBOLES APPLY EDUARD MASK AND PAINT POUŽÍT EDUARD MASK NABARVIT PIECES PLASTIC PARTS B> A> D> E> F> C> J> 2 pcs. M> PE - PHOTO ETCHED DETAIL PARTS FILM R1 R2 eduard 1132 Folgore RP - RESIN PARTS R3 COLOURS R4 BARVY R5 R6 R7 FARBEN PEINTURE GSi Creos (GUNZE) Mr.COLOR Mr.COLOR H4 C4 YELLOW H 90 C47 CLEAR RED H8 C8 SILVER H 94 C138 CLEAR GREEN H 11 C62 FLAT WHITE H 303 C303 GREEN H 12 C33 FLAT BLACK H 310 C310 BROWN H 37 C43 WOOD BROWN H 312 C312 LIGHT GREEN H 47 C41 RED BROWN H 317 C317 GRAY H 324 C324 LIGHT GRAY H 327 C327 H 65 2 AQUEOUS AQUEOUS C18 BLACK GREEN H 76 C61 BURNT IRON H 77 C137 H 79 C39 TIRE BLACK SANDY YELLOW RED Mr.COLOR SUPER METALLIC SM06 CHROME SILVER A PE17 B17 film H 12 C33 H 12 C33 FLAT BLACK PE16 FLAT BLACK H 12 C33 FLAT BLACK OPTIONAL: decal 49, 50, 51, 52 PE15 M1 H 12 C33 H 12 C33 FLAT BLACK FLAT BLACK PE9 H 12 C33 FLAT BLACK PE20 PE2 PE20 H 12 C33 FLAT BLACK SILVER PE20 PE3 PE1 H 12 C33 PE5 FLAT BLACK PE26 H8 C8 PE6 SILVER PE26 - MARKINGS B;E PE25 ONLY B H 12 C33 PE13 FLAT BLACK PE48 H 12 C33 PE30 H 12 C33 H8 C8 FLAT BLACK PE78 PE85 FLAT BLACK H312 C312 PE18 LIGHT GREEN PE73 PE14 PE12 PE49 H312 C312 H 12 C33 LIGHT GREEN H 12 C33 FLAT BLACK FLAT BLACK H312 C312 LIGHT GREEN PE87 PE23 B16 B14 PE56 H8 C8 PE57 SILVER PE72 H8 C8 PE86 SILVER B11 H312 C312 B9 LIGHT GREEN PE21 C H8 C8 PE31 H8 C8 PE22 B16 PE8 RED BROWN B8 H 12 C33 FLAT BLACK PE48 LIGHT GREEN PE27 SILVER H 47 C41 SILVER H312 C312 SILVER PE28 LIGHT GREEN FLAT BLACK FLAT BLACK H8 C8 H312 C312 H 12 C33 H 12 C33 B15 PE7 B21 PE85 SILVER H 12 C33 H8 C8 FLAT BLACK H 12 C33 90° PE95 H8 C8 H312 C312 SILVER LIGHT GREEN H8 C8 H8 C8 SILVER SILVER PE29 PE19 PE32 PE73 PE70 FLAT BLACK PE4 SILVER FLAT BLACK PE51 H 12 C33 H8 C8 PE34 H312 C312 PE94 LIGHT GREEN PE47 H312 C312 PE33 B13 PE24 LIGHT GREEN PE38 H312 C312 LIGHT GREEN B A 3 E2 - MARKINGS B;E ONLY D2 E2 A12 A7 C MARKING F fill MARKINGS A11 fill A12 RP5 RP6 D1 E1 - MARKINGS A11 A6 do not glue!!!!! D;F MARKINGS D;F RP6 - MARKINGS D;F E1 B;E ONLY ONLY ALL MARKINGS D PE71 PE76 C17 PE50 5mm H8 C8 SILVER C1 C1 C16 B2 B1 PE76 H312 C312 B1 LIGHT GREEN fill MARKINGS A ; C ; D; F fill PE50 B2 C17 H312 C312 LIGHT GREEN C17 C15 H312 C312 H312 C312 LIGHT GREEN C1 LIGHT GREEN C2 D C1 MARKINGS 4 A ; C ; D; F PE84 PE59 H8 C8 SILVER PE60 PE83 PE61 MARKINGS D;F H 94 C138 CLEAR GREEN H 76 C61 H 90 C47 BURNT IRON CLEAR RED A10 L R C7 C8 RP2 H8 C8 C9 RP1 C10 UNDERSURFACE COLOR SILVER UNDERSURFACE COLOR UNDERSURFACE COLOR H 77 C137 TIRE BLACK PE39 H8 C8 SILVER UNDERSURFACE COLOR UNDERSURFACE COLOR PE90 UNDERSURFACE COLOR C6 C6 C5 UNDERSURFACE COLOR PE82 PE81 C5 5 F E PE69 H8 C8 PE43 SILVER UNDERSURFACE COLOR B7 PE44 PE42 B4, B5 UNDERSURFACE COLOR PE41 PE46 PE65 PE66 PE45 G H8 C8 PE37 H8 C8 PE75 SILVER SILVER PE75 B4, B5 PE42 PE41 PE44 PE46 UNDERSURFACE COLOR UNDERSURFACE COLOR PE43 PE45 PE80 UNDERSURFACE COLOR PE80 B7 B6 H fill I PE62 H8 C8 SILVER UNDERSURFACE COLOR PE63 H8 C8 F1 SILVER F6 PE77 UNDERSURFACE COLOR PE68 PE67 E UNDERSURFACE COLOR PE55 PE54 I F1 C3 UNDERSURFACE COLOR C4 H8 C8 fill SILVER H F6 H8 C8 SILVER J1 fill UNDERSURFACE COLOR PE36 6 PE35 R L J K J2 PE53 A11, A12 F13 J2 MARKING - 1,4 mm D ONLY F14 J2 RP3 - MARKINGS RP4 - MARKINGS RP3 G A ;B;C;E F F10 F9, F10 - MARKINGS F7, F8, F11, F12 - MARKING F RP7 MARKINGS B ; E ONLY F12 D;F A ;B;C ;E RP4 H 77 C137 TIRE BLACK UNDERSURFACE COLOR F9 F8 F11 RP7 F7 PE91 PE52 PE89 K - 0,5 mm fill H 76 C61 BURNT IRON F4 F5 H 76 C61 BURNT IRON PE40 J PE58 PE40 A9 - MARKINGS A ; C ; D; F ONLY A9 C1 - 0,2 mm 7 M M2 - MARKINGS M4 - MARKINGS D;F A ;B;C ;E M2 M3 M4 H 12 C33 FLAT BLACK H8 C8 SILVER H 12 C33 FLAT BLACK PE10 PE88 H 12 C33 FLAT BLACK PE88 - MARKINGS A ;B;C;E ONLY PE11 F3 H 37 C43 WOOD BROWN M PE79 PE79 - MARKINGS D;F ONLY H 12 C33 FLAT BLACK - 0,3 mm - 0,5 mm A9 A9 - MARKINGS B;E ONLY A1 A2 PE93 PE92 MARKINGS A ;B;C;E ONLY PE64 PE79 - 0,3 mm 8 A2 - MARKINGS A ;B;C;E ONLY H8 C8 SILVER PE74 eduard 1132 9 C.202 VII. Serie, M.M.9066, Maresciallo Ennio Tarantola, 151a Squadriglia, A Macchi 51 Stormo C.T., Gela, September 1942 o Italian ace Ennio Tarantola began his career as a fighter pilot back in the Spanish Civil War, where he flew the Fiat CR.32. After the end of that conflict, he flew Ju 87B divebombers, with which he recorded success against a British destroyer. Later, he returned to being a fighter pilot, and served with the 20o Gruppo on the G.50 and, later, the C.202. After the Armistice, he served in the ranks of the Aeronautica Nazionale Repubblicana, the air force of Repubblica Sociale Italiana, a state formed on territory controlled by german forces on September 18, 1943 after the Armistice. He ended the war with ten kills. While serving at Gela, he was in 151a Squadriglia commanded by Furio Niclot Doglio, flying the illustrated aircraft, which was built at Macchi and was camouflaged with olive green smoke rings on a hazelnut brown base. The engine cowl carried the inscription ‘Dai Banana!‘ (Onwards, Banana), a reference to his pre-war job as a banana vendor in the town of Como. ČESKOU VERZI TEXTU NALEZNETE NA www.eduard.com/s/1132 H11 62 H4 4 H12 33 56 10 BLACK H12 33 YELLOW WHITE H4 4 WHITE H11 62 GRIGIO AZZURRO H324 CHIARO 1 324 VERDE OLIVA SCURO 2 H65 18 NOCCIOLA CHIARO 4 1 75% H310 H79 +25% 310 39 eduard B Macchi C.202 XII. Serie, M.M. Unknown, 70a Squadriglia, 3o Stormo C.T., Cerveteri, August 1943 This aircraft manufactured by Breda carried the characteristic late camouflage scheme consisting of olive green blotches over hazelnut brown on all surfaces except the lower, which were in the usual blue-grey. The demarcation between the upper and lower colours is also typical for Breda. The illustrated aircraft carried the additional wing guns and under-fuselage compass antenna. Fascist Regia Aeronautica markings were removed after July 25, 1943, when Mussolini was stripped of his leadership and imprisoned. On the wings, insignia was either resprayed in their entirety using the normal camouflage colors, or just the black rings remained. The Savoie Dynasty coat of arms lost the rod bundles enclosing the axe. ČESKOU VERZI TEXTU NALEZNETE NA www.eduard.com/s/1132 BLACK H12 33 YELLOW WHITE H4 4 WHITE H11 62 GRIGIO AZZURRO H324 CHIARO 1 324 VERDE OLIVA SCURO 2 H65 18 NOCCIOLA CHIARO 4 1 75% H310 H79 +25% 310 39 eduard 11 C o Macchi C.202 VI. Serie, M.M.8122, 386a Squadriglia, 21 Gruppo Autonomo C.T., Kantemirowka, October 1942 This machine manufactured by Breda carried that facility’s typical olive green over hazelnut brown camouflage scheme on the upper surfaces, and bluegrey on the bottom. The yellow markings were designated for aircraft used on the Eastern Front, to which the Italians also added the white triangles on the leading edges of the wings. The rudder carried the 21o Gruppo Autonomo C.T unit marking on both sides. ČESKOU VERZI TEXTU NALEZNETE NA www.eduard.com/s/1132 H4 4 H4 4 H12 33 56 12 BLACK H12 33 YELLOW WHITE H4 4 WHITE H11 62 GRIGIO AZZURRO H324 CHIARO 1 324 VERDE OLIVA SCURO 2 H65 18 NOCCIOLA CHIARO 4 1 75% H310 H79 +25% 310 39 eduard D Macchi C.202 II. Serie, M.M.7711, 378a Squadriglia, 155o Gruppo, 51o Stormo C.T., Gela, August 1942 Early series aircraft off the Macchi production line showing typical intake lacking a sand filter, windscreen sans armoured glass centre section and antenna without the later mast. Although this aircraft was photographed in August, 1942, it still carried a camouflage scheme in initial colours, and this despite newer colours coming into use already by 1941. Upper engine cowl came from another aircraft. ČESKOU VERZI TEXTU NALEZNETE NA www.eduard.com/s/1132 H11 62 H12 33 56 VERDE MIMETICO 2 BRUNO MIMETICO BLACK H302 302 H37 43 H12 33 WHITE H11 62 VERDE MIMETICO 3 H303 303 VERDE OLIVA SCURO 2 H65 18 GRIGIO MIMETICO H317 317 GIALLO MIMETICO 4 H79 39 NOCCIOLA CHIARO 4 1 75% H310 H79 +25% 310 39 eduard 13 E o Macchi C.202 XI. Serie, M.M. Unknown, 24 Gruppo Autonomo C.T., Olbia-Venafiorita, June 1943 An late series aircraft built at Breda, again sporting the olive green – hazelnut brown camouflage scheme characteristic of that plant. The wings were donor items from an aircraft built by Macchi as indicated by the smoke ring camouflage in olive green over hazelnut brown. 24o Gruppo Autonomo was tasked with Mediterranean convoy escort duties and in 1943 played a vital role in the defence of Sicily against allied air raids. The white nose of this aircraft indicates its previous use by 1o Stormo C.T. ČESKOU VERZI TEXTU NALEZNETE NA www.eduard.com/s/1132 H11 62 H4 4 H12 33 56 14 BLACK H12 33 YELLOW WHITE H4 4 WHITE H11 62 GRIGIO AZZURRO H324 CHIARO 1 324 VERDE OLIVA SCURO 2 H65 18 NOCCIOLA CHIARO 4 1 75% H310 H79 +25% 310 39 eduard F o o Macchi C.202 I. Serie, M.M.7860, 71a Squadriglia, 17 Gruppo, 1 Stormo C.T., Udine-Campoformido, October 1941 Initial series aircraft built by Breda camouflaged as per summer 1941 directives called the ‘Continental Camouflage Scheme‘. This was composed of upper surfaces in olive green and lower surfaces in blue-grey. The 1o Stormo unit emblem is carried inside the white fuselage band. At Campformido, the unit prepared to engage the British in North Africa. The aircraft displays characteristics typical of initial production, such as a lack of sand filter on the intake, no armoured glass in the windscreen and no antenna mast. ČESKOU VERZI TEXTU NALEZNETE NA www.eduard.com/s/1132 WHITE H11 62 YELLOW WHITE H4 4 RED H327 327 GRIGIO AZZURRO H324 CHIARO 1 324 IRON VERDE OLIVA SCURO 2 SM03 H65 18 eduard 15 © EDUARD M.A. 2016 www.eduard.com Printed in Czech Republic
