The Militant

Photo by Finer
P a rt of throng th a t protested w a r at N e w Y o rk ra lly
TH E
MILITANT
Published in the Interest of the Working People
Vol. 31 - No. 41
Monday, November 14, 1966
Price 10£
Good Vote Is Indicated
For Ala. Freedom Party
U n o ffic ia l reports in the New
Y o rk
Times o f the vote in
Low ndes C ounty, A la . indicate th a t
the Low ndes C ounty Freedom O r­
ganization (B la c k P anther P a rty )
received a good vote in its fir s t
election contest. The Tim es re ­
ports th a t the independent Negro
candidates received o n ly “ 273
votes to 677 votes” less th a n w h ite
candidates ru n n in g fo r the Demo­
crats.
Sidney Logan, Jr., B la c k Pan­
th e r candidate fo r s h e rriff, re ­
p o rte d ly received 1,643 votes to
2,320 votes fo r the w h ite in cu m ­
bent, F ra n k Ryals.
O ther candidates fo r the LC FO
w ere: M rs. A lic e Moore fo r ta x
assessor; F ra n k M iles, Jr., fo r ta x
collector; R obert Logan, John H in ­
son and M rs. W illie Mae S tric k ­
land fo r the board o f education;
and E m o ry Ross fo r coroner. John
H u le tt is chairm an o f LCFO.
The vote fo r the independent
black p o litic a l p a rty indicates the
g ro w th o f the organization since
last M ay, w hen 900 Negroes in
Low ndes pa rticip a te d in the mass
m eeting to nom inate the LC FO
candidates.
In 1960, there w ere no Negroes
John H u le tt
registered in Lowndes. N ow there
are 2,681 registered, compared to
2,519 registered w hites. There
have been a ll kin d s o f fra u d s at
the polls in the past in Lowndes.
Some o f th e “ registered w h ite s”
don’t liv e in the county and some
even are dead.
T h is was the fir s t election fo r
v irtu a lly a ll o f the Negroes w ho
voted. T hey also had the oppor­
tu n ity o f p a rtic ip a tin g in an his­
to ric struggle to establish an in ­
dependent p a rty o f th e ir own, and
contest fo r pow er against the ra ­
cist Democrats and Republicans.
Nat'l Protest Hits Viet War;
20,000 atRallyinNew York
N E W Y O R K — The Novem ber
5-8 M o b iliz a tio n fo r Peace in V ie t­
nam was kicked o ff here w ith a
huge ra lly N ov. 5, h eld ju s t o ff
Tim es Square. Some 20,000 people
crow ded onto S ix th A venue fro m
40th to 42nd Sts., w h ile others
stood on 41st St. going to w a rd
Broadw ay.
M a n y people came to the ra lly
as p a rticip a n ts in feeder marches
organized b y a n tiw a r and com­
m u n ity groups in various parts o f
the city . A
thousand people
marched in to Tim es Square fro m
the W est Side o f M anhattan, in ­
clu d in g a b ig contingent o f stu­
dents fro m C olum bia U n iv e rs ity
and C ity College. A n o th e r th o u ­
sand came fro m G reenw ich V il ­
lage. O th e r feeder marches w ere
organized fro m various parts o f
the East Side and M id to w n M an­
hattan.
A s trik in g feature o f the ra lly
was the v e ry large num ber o f
young people present.
The ra lly , along w ith the fo u r
days o f a n tiw a r a c tiv ity , was o r­
ganized b y the F ifth A venue V ie t­
nam Peace Parade Com m ittee, a
broad coalition of some 80 a n tiw a r
and co m m unity groups.
The ra lly served to k ic k o ff the
weekend’s activities. These in ­
cluded mass le a fle tin g a t churches
and in com m unities on Sunday,
le a fle tin g o f G Is a t various places
w here th e y can be reached in the
c ity on Sunday nig ht, mass leaf­
le tin g thro u g h o u t the c ity on M on­
day and le a fle tin g a t the polls on
Tuesday.
Tables w ere set up a t various
•llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllMllllltlllllllllllllllltlllllllll
NEXT WEEK: Our next issue
will feature reports from
around the country on the
antiwar protests.
Illllllllllllllllllltllllllllllltltlllllllllllllimilllllli:illllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll
corners at the ra lly , and the plans
fo r the le a fle tin g projects w ere
announced fro m the p la tfo rm by
M ild re d Rosen o f W omen S trike
fo r Peace. Those present were
urged to take bundles o f leaflets
to d istrib u te . There was an im ­
pressive response to this, w ith
m any people ta k in g leaflets before
th e y le ft.
REAL STORY UNFOLDS
The New York Minutemen
NOV. 9— Ten days a fte r the sen­
sational N ew Y o rk a rrest o f 20
M inutem en in possession o f “ over
one to n ” o f weapons Oct. 30, i t
is s till possible to p u t together
o n ly sketchy in fo rm a tio n about the
fu ll e x te n t o f the organization’s
te rro ris t activitie s. T w e n ty men
w ere o rig in a lly arrested in various
places around Queens, a borough
of N ew Y o rk C ity . Charges appear
to have been dropped against one
o f th e m subsequently.
I t was the Queens D is tric t A t ­
torney, N a t H entel, w h o used the
designation o f “ over one ton.”
“ This is the biggest h a u l o f w ea­
pons and death-dealing m a te ria l
seized in th is area in the m em ­
o ry o f la w -e n fo rce m e n t o fficers,”
H e n te l stated.
The weapons, collected fro m
various homes o f the arrested
M inutem en, included: 125 rifle s,
single and autom atic shot; 10 pipe
bombs; fiv e 80-m m. m ortars; 12
30-caliber m achine guns; 25 hand
guns; 20 brass-knuckled knives;
220 knives o f a ll kinds; three
grenade launchers; 6 hand gre­
nades; 50 80-mm. m o rta r shells;
one bazooka; 50 camouflage suits
w ith boots and steel helm ets; 3
M o lo to v cocktails; and over one
m illio n rounds o f am m unition.
The day o f the arrest, H entel
disclosed th a t the M inutem en had
made a “ ca re fu l study o f the area
around the headquarters o f the
D a ily W orker.” T h a t headquarters
had been bombed Sept. 4; Sept.
29 a fire -b o m b attack was made on
th e headquarters o f the Socialist
W orkers P a rty. In both cases, the
w eaponry used was s im ila r to
item s found in the M inutem an a r­
senal.
On N ov. 1, H entel revealed th a t
the M inutem en, d ivid e d in to sep­
arate teams, w ere p la n n in g sim u l­
taneous attacks on fo u r places the
day th e y w ere arrested. These
places w ere: the fo rm e r Camp
U n ity (W in g d a le ) in N ew Y o rk ;
Camp M id va le in N ew Jersey; the
C onnecticut fa rm headquarters o f
the N ew England C N V A ; and the
B ro o k ly n campaign headquarters
o f D r. H e rb e rt A p th e ke r.
Planned to K ill
The N ew Y o rk and N ew Jersey
camps have fre q u e n tly been cited
by the F B I as “ C om m unist tr a in ­
in g camps” and have recently been
subjected to smear attacks in the
pages o f the N ew Y o rk D a ily
News. A cco rd in g to the police, the
rig h t-w in g te rro ris ts planned to
raze these areas and k i ll anyone
on th e m i f necessary.
On Nov. 5, the Queens a u th o r­
itie s revealed th a t in one case, th a t
o f the W ingdale resort, an a ttack
had already been attem pted. N in e gallon jugs, h a lf-fille d w ith gaso­
lin e , had been planted on the
grounds and w ere attached to elec­
tric a l detonation devices. The a t­
ta ck a ppa re ntly fa ile d due to fa u l­
ty construction o f the bombs.
The police have had the M in u te ­
m an organization un der heavy
surveillance a t least since la st
M a rch and pro b a b ly since last
January, 10 m onths ago. A ccording
to the Oct. 31 N ew Y o rk Post,
th e ir o rig in a l lead on the group
came fro m a student w ho was sup­
p ly in g them w ith chemicals fro m
his college la b o ra to ry. H e got
“ cold feet.”
T h a t was in January. B y M arch,
110 members o f the Bureau o f
Special Services — the N ew Y o rk
C ity police version o f the C IA —
had e ith e r in filtra te d the organ­
ization or w ere on perm anent as­
signm ent to tr a il it, and docu­
m ent its every m ove through w ire ­
ta p p ing and photography.
This is the same o u tfit th a t
plants stool pigeons in le ft-w in g
and c iv il-rig h ts groups. I t p ro ­
duced Raym ond A . Wood, the
agent provocateur w ho goaded on,
i f n o t a ctu a lly planned, the socalled “ p lo t” b y Negroes to b lo w
up the Statue o f L ib e rty last year.
Wood is now a detective in B ro o k­
lyn .
The police w ere in on every
m ove the M inutem en made in the
(Continued on Page 4)
The r a lly was co-chaired by
A . J. Muste, chairm an o f the na­
tio n a l N ovem ber 8 M ob iliza tio n ,
and A l E vanoff, an o ffic ia l o f D is­
tr ic t 65, A F L -C IO , and a m em ber
o f the a d m in istra tive com m ittee
o f the Parade Committee.
Speakers a t the r a lly spoke out
against the w a r in a m ilita n t w ay
and alm ost a ll o f them urged w ith ­
d ra w a l of U.S. forces fro m V ie t­
nam.
The speakers included: R uth
T u rn e r, a n a tion al o ffic e r of
CORE; Ivanhoe Donaldson, N ew
Y o rk d ire c to r o f SNCC; Leon
Davis, president o f H o spital W o rk ­
ers Local 1199; Sue Eanet, N ew
Y o rk co ord ina tor o f SDS; D a vid
M itc h e ll, w ho faces a ja il te rm fo r
re fu sin g to be d ra fte d ; A la n G ins­
berg, the poet; Grace M ora N ew ­
man, sister o f a n tiw a r G I Dennis
M ora; E dw ard K eating, p ublisher
o f R am parts; and P ro f. Conor
Cruise O ’B rie n, fo rm e r Iris h A m ­
bassador to the UN.
A telegram was read fro m Dave
D e llinger, coordin ator o f the Pa­
rade C om m ittee w ho is now in
H anoi. (See te x t page 6.)
Introd uce d a t the ra lly were
candidates fo r p u b lic o ffice Who
responded to a request b y the Pa­
rade C om m ittee to endorse the
aims o f the a n tiw a r dem onstra­
tion. Those introduced w ere: Ju d y
W hite, S ocialist W orkers P a rty
candidate fo r governor; Leslie
S ilberm an, independent candidate
fo r Congress in the 12th C.D.;
H e rb e rt A pth e ke r, candidate fo r
Congress in th e 17th C.D.; arid
James W einstein, candidate fo r
congress in the 19th C.D.
E n tertainm ent was pro vid e d by
fo lk singers B arbara Dane and
F red Forest, star o f the recently
(Continued on Page 6)
A . J. M uste
Page T w o
M onday, N ovem ber 14, 1966
T H E M IL IT A N T
Ethel Preis Dies in New York
B y Joseph Hansen
In a confused situatio n re s u lt­
in g fro m piecemeal negotiations
b y various unions acting separ­
ately, the In te rn a tio n a l B ro th e r­
hood o f E le ctrica l W orkers (A F L C IO )
stru ck Westinghouse on
N ov. 1. The IB E W charges W est­
inghouse w ith attem pts to chisel
on contract term s agreed to in
settlem ents
w ith
three
other
unions.
T he oth e r unions are the IU E
( A F L - C IO ) ; U E (in d e p e n d e n t);
and the Independent Salaried
U nions, fo rm e d b y w h ite c o lla r
w o rke rs w h o s p lit w ith U E a fte r
its expulsion fro m the CIO. The
three represent a combined m em ­
bership o f about 61,400 at W est­
inghouse. T hey have recently
signed contracts w ith the corpora­
tio n p ro v id in g wage increases, an
escalator clause, special raises fo r
s k ille d w orkers and added frin g e
benefits.
D isputed issues stressed by the
IB E W include pay fo r s k ille d men,
wage d iffe re n tia ls and the hand­
lin g o f grievances. A ke y demand
is fo r a single n a tio n a l contract
to cover a ll 14,000 IB E W m em ­
bers a t 46 W estinghouse plants.
The p a rtia l n a tio n a l contract now
up fo r re -n e g otia tio n covers o n ly
22 re p a ir plants w ith a to ta l of
some 800 w orkers. In the re m a in ­
in g 24 plants, w here th e b u lk of
th e IB E W members are employed,
the re are separate local contracts
w ith v a ry in g e x p ira tio n dates.
A fte r the s trik e began, the
“ statesmen” a t the head o f the
IB E W , w ho seem to have no
stomach fo r a fig h t, proposed a r­
b itra tio n o f the dispute. W esting­
house rejected the proposal, a r­
ro g a n tly d e fyin g the union to
b a ttle i t out.
The IB E W has s tru ck 39 plants,
exe m ptin g tw o th a t produce w a r
m aterials, and others w here local
contracts have n o t ye t expired.
W ith the IB E W m a in ta in in g p icke t
lin e s — on w h ic h th ere are m any
wom en — and w ith members o f
other unions refusing to cross
p icke t lines, over 13,000 w o rke rs
are in vo lve d in the w a lk o u t. The
to ta l includes 652 members o f the
F lin t Glass W orkers U n io n at
B ath, N .Y ., w ho are on s trik e fo r
a n e w contract.
I n o ther local disputes, 56 Car­
penters U nion members are p ick e t­
in g Westinghouse a t G ra n d Ra­
pids, M ich., in a controversy about
overtim e. O ver 4,800 U E members
have s tru ck th e Lester, Pa., p la n t
in protest against the fir in g o f a
shop stew ard. A t Athens, Ga., one
of
th e
Independent
Salaried
U nions has w a lke d out, stating
th a t the members are “ unhappy
w ith the new na tio n a l contract.”
•
*
*
Thousands re m ain on s trik e a t
several General E le ctric a l plants.
The em battled w o rke rs are try in g
to compensate throu gh lo ca l ac­
tio n fo r ground lost because the
to p union bureaucrats capitulated
so q u ic k ly in na tio n a l negotiations
w ith the corporation.
M eantim e, GE has decreed a
n e w p r o fit grab fo r its e lf b y h ik in g
prices an average o f over tw o p e r­
cent on 74 houseware item s, such
as
vacuum
cleaners,
e lectric
knives, etc. A n d the N ew Y o rk
Tim es clam ors e d ito ria lly fo r stiffe r governm ent action to curb
“ misuse” o f un ion pow er.
*
*
*
N ew strikes continue to e ru p t
here and there around the coun­
try . The issues center on pa y in ­
creases, d is c rim in a to ry wage d if­
fe re n tia ls, unsettled
grievances
and, in one in s tru c tiv e case, the
le n g th o f u n io n contracts.
A t S hreveport, La., an In te rn a ­
tio n a l B rotherhood o f E le c tric a l
W orkers local has stru ck a B a i­
fie ld In d u strie s p la n t th a t p ro ­
duces a ir-to -g ro u n d weapons. The
IB E W , seeking its fir s t contract
fo r 375 members a t the p la n t, is
dem anding an in itia l wage in ­
crease o f 40 cents an hour.
A fte r an 18-day s trik e the In ­
te rn a tio n a l A ssociation o f M a ­
chinists has obtained a new con­
tra c t fo r about 1,000 members a t
a tra ile r-m a k in g p la n t o f the D o r­
sey Corp. in Elba, A labam a. The
new th re e -ye a r pact calls fo r an
average increase of s ix percent a
year in wages and frin g e benefits.
U pon w in n in g a wage increase
o f 30 cents an h o u r over a th re e year period, 300 IA M members
ended th e ir m o n th -o ld
s trik e
against a to y fa c to ry in Freeport,
Ill.
Mem bers o f the In te rn a tio n a l
Longshorem en’s A ssociation are
re fu sin g to unload ships a t Cam­
b ridge, M d., in a dispute over
wage d iffe re n tia ls. T hey are de­
m anding th a t th e ir base pay of
$2.85 an hour be raised to the
$3.54 rate paid IL A men in near­
b y B a ltim o re .
Some 3,400 members o f the
U n ite d A u to W orkers have s tru ck
a G eneral M otors p la n t at Los A n ­
geles. The w a lk o u t fo llo w e d a
b reakdow n in m o n th -lo n g nego­
tia tio n s to settle local grievances.
*
*
*
U A W locals representing about
1,500 members have s tru ck tw o
e le ctrica l equipm ent p la n ts oper­
ated b y A llis -C h a lm e rs a t P itts ­
bu rg h , Pa., and Gadsden, A la b a ­
ma. The m a in issue is a union
demand fo r a one-year contract.
In 1964 the U A W signed new
three-year contracts a t fiv e other
A llis -C h a lm e rs plants, w h ic h w ill
e xp ire in 1967. On th a t occasion,
the un io n agreed to a tw o -y e a r
extension o f the o ld contract at
the
Gadsden
and
P itts b u rg h
plants, foregoing any wage in ­
crease in o rder to help the com­
p any “ im prove its com petitive
position” in the e le ctrica l-m a n u ­
fa c tu rin g in d u stry. N o w th a t the
tw o years are up, the U A W w ants
o n ly a one-year pact so as to b rin g
th e e x p ira tio n date in to lin e w ith
th a t o f the other fiv e plants.
The com pany has responded to
R euther’s “ statesmanship” b y in ­
sisting th a t th e new contract at
the e le ctrica l-e q u ip m e n t plants
ru n fo r a t least three years. S im u l­
taneously, A llis -C h a lm e rs has an­
nounced an increase in divid e n d
paym ents on its common and pre­
fe rre d stocks.
I Want to Help
I want to help fulfill the quota in the $ 18,000
Socialist Fund. Enclosed is my contribution of.............
N A M E __
STREET
....
C I T Y ______________________ ___ _ Z I P .............. ......... STATE
Sand check or money order to:
SOCIALIST WORKERS PARTY
873 Broadway
New York, N. Y. 10003
E th e l Preis, a m em ber o f the
S ocialist W orkers P a rty since its
foundation, was fo u n d dead in her
apartm ent in New Y o rk on the
m o rn in g o f Nov. 7. She died, i t
appears, fro m an overdose o f
sleeping p ills . She w o u ld have
been 62 on h e r n e x t b irth d a y ,
Dec. 1.
Despondent since the death in
1964 o f A r t Preis, h e r husband
and companion, she had been
u n der the care o f D r. E m il C onason, a close frie n d o f both of
them . W hen D r. Conason died last
A p ril, h e r despondency deepened.
She trie d b ra v e ly ; but, as she
confessed to those closest to her,
she fo u n d th e w o rld e m p ty w ith ­
o u t A rt.
E thel and A r t w ere a team in
the re v o lu tio n a ry socialist m ove­
m ent. B o th o f them w ere h ig h ly
talented and shared interests rang­
in g fro m m usic and p a in tin g and
lite ra tu re to T rotskyism .
Even in m usic th e y w ere a team,
p la y in g fo u r-handed pieces on the
piano u n til A rt, w ho was stricken
in 1940 w ith diabetes, could no
longer manage the keyboard. In
the la st year o f his life , a fte r suf­
fe rin g the am putation o f both legs
and losing his hearing, he enjoyed
w a tch in g E th e l a t the piano. Read­
in g the music, he participated,
too.
Pennsylvania Background
O f Pennsylvania D u tch back­
ground, E th e l became interested
in the e a rly th irtie s in the great
social upheaval in Russia. She
made a to u r o f the S oviet U nion;
and, upon re tu rn in g to Toledo,
O hio, she gave a re p o rt o f her
impressions a t a p u b lic m eeting
sponsored b y the Y oung W om en’s
C h ristia n Association. A r t Preis,
then a young ra d ica l ju s t o ff the
campus, w e n t to hear h e r — th a t
was how th e y met.
N o t long a fte r th a t, she helped
A r t evade arrest. W anted b y the
police fo r h e lping to organize m il­
ita n t dem onstrations o f the u n ­
em ployed in tow n, he came to her
home in search o f a place to hide
u n til he could appear at an im ­
p o rta n t dem onstration. A n d th a t
was h ow the team began. They
w ere m a rrie d in January, 1934.
A r t had begun as a prom ising
w r ite r on the campus. A lso a g ift­
ed speaker, he soon became w e llk n o w n as an organizer o f masses
o f unem ployed and o f m ilita n t
auto w orkers. In politics, he moved
ra p id ly to the le ft. B e g inning as a
young leader o f the A m erican
W orkers P a rty under A . J. Muste,
he became a T ro ts k y is t and event­
u a lly one of the leaders o f the
S ocialist W orkers P a rty.
A r t ’s fin e s t ta lent, however, was
as a re v o lu tio n a ry jo u rn a lis t and
he w ro te some o f th e best m a te ria l
to be fo u n d in The M ilita n t over
the years. H is fin a l achievem ent
was a h is to ry o f the CIO, L a b o r’s
G ia n t Step, w h ic h has received
h ig h praise fro m experts in the
fie ld .
In saying th is o f A rt, i t m ust
be added a t once th a t i t was E thel
w ho made his achievements pos-
Ethel Preis
sible. This is the sim ple tru th . A ll
th e ir friends knew it. A r t knew
i t b e tte r than anyone. T hey were
her achievements, too.
E th e l made a deliberate decision.
W hen diabetes began its c rip p lin g
assault, A r t ’s life became m ore and
m ore endangered. E th e l took i t as
her special assignment to meet this
insidious foe w ith a ll the resources
a t he r command.
I t was an endless 24-hour b a t­
tle on a rig id tim e schedule of
diets and medicine, day in and
day out, year a fte r year, in and
o u t o f hospitals and w ith long
periods w hen th e ir home was re a l­
ly a hospital. On top o f e verythin g
else, d u rin g the m ost d iffic u lt days
o f the m ovem ent, w hen i t was be­
sieged b y foes fro m a ll sides, pa r­
tic u la rly in the w o rs t days o f M c C arthyism
w hen
sym pathizers
dropped
aw ay
and
fin a n c ia l
sources drie d up, E the l w orke d as
a bookkeeper to help keep them
going.
We say fa re w e ll to E th e l re lu c t­
antly, not w ish in g to believe she is
gone. A n d she isn’t gone. W e w ill
always rem em ber he r as she and
A r t w ere — the b rig h t team th a t
carried on the fig h t fo r socialism
w ith a song in th e ir hearts and
la ughte r in th e ir eyes.
Set Memorial Meeting
For Ethel Preis in N.Y.
N E W Y O R K — A m e m o rial
m eeting fo r E th e l Preis w ill
be held h ere M onday, N ov.
14, at 8 p.m . at th e M ilita n t
L ab o r F o ru m h a ll a t 873
B ro adw ay (a t 18th S t.)
T h e speakers w i ll be C on­
stance W eissm an and F a r r e ll
Dobbs. Joseph Hansen w ill
act as chairm an.
H e r Cheerfulness
E th e l’s in dom itable w ill became
legendary in the p a rty, as legen­
d a ry as A r t ’s capacity to keep
producing throu gh a ll the pain and
agony and p ris o n -lik e regim e he
had to fo llo w . S till m ore legen­
d a ry was the cheerfulness, even
light-heartedness o f the tw o . I t was
a to nic to be w ith them.
I f a t m om ents E thel fe lt th a t the
struggle was too m uch, th a t she
could n o t bear up — and n o t m any
ever guessed th a t a t tim es even
she d id feel lik e th a t — the in n e r
steel o f w h ich she was made car­
rie d her th ro ugh the crisis.
In the fin a l period w hen i t
seemed again and again th a t A r t
could n o t last, E thel p u lled h im
th rough. O n ly a m onth before the
end, she b ro u g h t h im to a recep­
tio n sponsored b y the Socialist
W orkers P a rty in celebration of
the p u b lica tio n o f his book. T ha t
was a p roud m om ent! There A r t
made his la st p u b lic speech, a
speech o f courage and enthusiasm,
b earing witness to his conviction,
based on deep study and in tim a te
acquaintance w ith th e A m erican
w o rk in g class, th a t the v ic to ry o f
socialism in A m erica and the
w o rld is inevitable.
In th is speech, in w hich he
p ro b a b ly kn e w he was saying
goodbye, A r t paid trib u te to the
heroic w om an a t his side, the
v a lia n t E thel, w ho gave the best
she had to the cause she and A r t
believed in.
Weekly Calendar
BOSTON
H U A C A N D TH E R IG H T T O DIS­
SENT. Speaker: Rev. Donald G . Lothrop,
minister Community Church o f Boston.
Fri., Nov. 18, 8:15 p.m. 295 Huntington
Ave. Rm. 307 (one block from Mess.
A ve.) Contrib. 50c Ausp. M ilitan t La­
bor Forum.
C H IC A G O
T W O FILMS O N V IE T N A M . First tim e
in Chicago: "Land o f Fire" produced
by the NLF and "Time of the Locust."
Two showings. Fri., Nov. 18, 8 p.m. and
9 p.m. 302 S. Canal St. Contrib. $1.
Ausp. Friday N igh t Socialist Forum.
LOS ANGELES
BURN, BABY, BURNI M ilitan t Labor
Forum Theatre Party a t presentation of
Frank Greenwood's new play telling why
W atts exploded. Fri., Nov. 18, 8:30 p.m.
Masonic Temple, 1131 W . Manchester
Ave. Tickets at 1702 E. Fourth St. $2,
students $1. 269-5953.
N E W YO R K
No M ilitan t Labor Forum Fri., Nov, 18.
•
SAN F R A N C IS C O
FREE THE LA TIN A M E R IC A N POLIT­
IC A L PRISONERSI A rally featuring
Carlos Dias, Bob Randolph, Jim Petras,
Tony Cam ejo and Jerry Rubin. Fri., Nov.
18, 8 p.m. Y M C A 1530 Buchanan St.
Ausp. M ilitan t Labor Forum.
M onday, N ovem ber 14, 1966
Page Three
T H E M IL IT A N T
Explains Black P o w e r
Anti-Apartheid Fighter
Carmichael's Speech at Berkeley To Speak in New York
B E R K E L E Y — S tokely C a rm i­
chael, n a tio n a l chairm an o f the
S tudent N o n vio le n t C oordinating
Com m ittee, defended the concept
o f black pow er here a t the a ll­
day conference on “ B la c k P ow er
and Its Challenges.”
“ We are n o t going to w a it fo r
w h ite people to sanction b la ck
pow er,” he declared. “ T h is coun­
t r y know s w h a t b la ck pow er is
because i t has denied i t fo r fo u r
hundred years to b la ck people.”
C arm ichael blam ed the w h ite
co m m u n ity fo r a llo w in g racism
Berkeley Parley
On Black Power
B E R K E L E Y — A crow d of
some 12,000 attended an a ll­
day conference on “ B lack
P o w e r and Its C hallenge” in
the G re ek T h e a te r o f th e U n i­
v e rs ity o f C a lifo rn ia on Oct.
29. T h e conference was o r­
ganized b y th e campus S tu ­
dents fo r a D em ocratic So­
ciety.
T h e 'R e p u b lic a n candidate
fo r governor, R onald Reagan,
and D em ocratic incum bent
B ro w n attacked both th e con­
ference and S to kely C a rm i­
chael. Reagan sent C a rm i­
chael a teleg ram u rg in g h im
not to attend th e ra lly .
B ro w n said, “I w ish S to kely
C arm ichael w o u ld stay out
of C a lifo rn ia . I w ish he’d not
come in h ere at a ll. I th in k
h e’s
caused
nothing
but
tro u b le.” A n d It . governor
G len n Anderson joined in
th e sm ear attack, te rm in g
C arm ichael’s speech “ abu­
sive, in to le ra n t, in tem perate,
illib e ra l and in su ltin g . . .”
Besides C arm ichael, o th er
speakers included: Ivan h o e
Donaldson, N e w Y o r k coor­
d in a to r o f S N C C ; Ron K a re n ga and B ro th e r L en n ie fro m
W a tts; R ev. James B evel of
th e Southern C hristian L e a d ­
ership Conference and E lija h
T u rn e r o f O aklan d C O R E .
and violence to e x is t in th e coun­
try . "Y o u need a c iv il-rig h ts b ill
— n o t me! I know I could liv e
w ith other people,” he said.
The young leader characterized
in te g ra tio n as a subterfuge fo r
w h ite supremacy. “ W henever a
bla ck c h ild has to go to a w h ite
school to get a decent education,
th a t’s w h ite suprem acy.”
On nonviolence, he said, “ the
question is, w h e th e r w h ite people
can conduct n o n viole n t schools
among w h ite people w here th e y
k ic k six-year-old ch ild re n .”
C arm ichael explained th a t “ the
o n ly co a litio n b la ck people can
have is w ith w hites th a t are also
against economic e xp lo ita tio n in
this co u n try.”
“ In o rder fo r racism to die, the
in s titu tio n s o f economic oppres­
sion o f th e colored peoples around
the w o rld m ust also die. I t is the
in s titu tio n o f economic oppression
upon w h ic h th is co u n try is based
th a t is the cause o f racism , and
u n til i t is w iped out, w e w il l never
be able to solve o u r problem s.”
Brown and Reagan
T u rn in g to the C a lifo rn ia race
fo r governor, C arm ichael said:
“ The p o litic a l parties in th is coun­
t r y do n o t m eet the needs o f the
people on a d a y -to -d a y basis. The
question is, can yo u dissociate
yourselves fro m those tw o clowns
w h o are c a rry in g on about the
state ta lk in g about nothing? Can
you dissociate yourselves fro m
those tw o buffoons, B ro w n and
Reagan, w ho never ta lk about the
problem s o f th is country? U n til
you do, n o th in g is going to happen.
I mean th e D em ocratic P a rty can­
not — I say can n o t — represent
us!
“ A n y tim e a p a rty can have
men lik e Morse and Eastland and
those o ther supposed-to-be lib e ra l
cats, there’s som ething w ro n g w ith
th a t p a rty.
“ Y ou can’t m ove m o ra lly against
men lik e Reagan and B ro w n ,”
C arm ichael said. “ Y o u ’ve got to
move p o litic a lly . Y o u can’t m ove
m o ra lly against a m an lik e L y n ­
don B. Johnson because he is an
im m o ra l m an — you’ve got to
move against h im p o litic a lly .”
A tta c k in g the w a r in V ietnam ,
th e SNCC leader said the w a r
is “ ille g a l and im m o ra l.” B u t, he
said, the a n tiw a r m ovem ent has
n o t y e t been able to get o ff the
campus and in to the Negro com­
m u n ity.
“ W h a t can w e do to stop th a t
w ar? Say, ‘H e ll, no!’ to the d ra ft.
Say ‘H e ll, no, w e w on’t go!’ B la ck
people have no rig h t to go to
V ietnam , and k i l l fo r people w ho
deny them freedom at home. They
have no rig h t to ta ke orders on
w h o to k i l l and w h o to protect.
T his m ust stop. I f and w hen we
decide to k ill, we w ill decide w ho
w e are going to k ill.
“ Even i f I w ere to believe the
lies o f Johnson th a t w h a t w e are
tr y in g to give to V ie tn a m is ‘dem ­
ocracy,’ I w o u ld n ’t fig h t to give
w h a t w e have here to anybody.”
“ SNCC isn’t a n ti-w h ite ,” C ar­
m ichael said. “ I t ’s a n ti-ra c is t. We
are against the m u rd e rin g o f bla ck
people in M ississippi, the ra p in g
o f y e llo w people in V ietnam ,
b ro w n people in the D om inican
R epublic, b la ck people o f the Con­
go. A n d th e y c a ll us reverse ra ­
cists — d ig th a t!”
C arm ichael urged th e y o u th o f
A m erica to heed the w o rd s o f the
fam ed bla ck a n ti-s la v e ry leader,
F re d e ric k Douglass. Douglass, he
said, once w ro te th a t “ yo u th m ust
fig h t to be leaders today.” The
m ilita n t head o f SNCC added,
“ A n d God knows, w e need to be
leaders today because the men
w h o ru n th is co u n try today are
sick.”
He ended w ith the slogan, “ M ove
on over o r w e’l l m ove on over
you,” and the enthusiastic au­
dience rose and gave h im a th u n ­
derous ovation.
th a t le t students sleep through
classes, and the houses w ith rats
and fa llin g plaster.
Greenwood know s th a t i t isn’t
ju s t the open w h ite racists who
are th e problem , and in fact, o nly
one such racist, a policeman, is
shown in the play. Greenwood
shows a deeper p o litic a l u n der­
standing, and again and again,
“ B u rn , Baby, B u rn !” h its at the
w h ite liberals.
The p la y also shows the ro le o f
F ra n k G reenw ood
In Cleveland, a press conference
was held at the headquarters o f
the Am algam ated M eat C utters
Local 500. This was W idely pu b ­
licize d on T V and radio. He ad­
dressed meetings at W estern Re­
serve U n iv e rs ity and O b e rlin Col­
lege and a t the L ib e rty H ill B ap­
tis t C hurch.
In D e tro it, a m eeting sponsored
by CORE, SNCC and o ther rig h ts
groups d re w 250 people. In Boston,
Lee was heard a t M .I.T . and over
a num ber o f radio and T V shows.
Here in New Y o rk, a m eeting o f
600 was held a t the A byssinian
B a p tist C hurch in H arlem , spon­
sored b y num erous c iv il-rig h ts
group. He has also been heard a t
h a lf a dozen college campuses.
University Meetings
In M inneapolis, he spoke a t a
num ber o f meetings, in c lu d in g one
at the U n iv e rs ity o f M innesota. A t
the U n iv e rs ity o f F lo rid a in
G ainesville, he was heard b y an
audience o f m ore th a n 200 stu­
dents. A t the U n iv e rs ity o f W is­
consin, 350 attended a p u b lic meet­
ing.
The Negro H is to ry Round Table
o f Chicago arranged a symposium
fo r h im , and a p u b lic m eeting was
organized by L o u House, the rad io
com m entator. Lee spoke on fiv e
Chicago campuses, in c lu d in g the
U n iv e rs ity o f Chicago.
F ra n z J. T . Lee
A DELAY
Last w eek w e announced
th a t in this issue w e w ould
publish
extracts
fro m
a
speech b y F id e l Castro on
m o ra l incentives and social­
ism and a m anifesto of the
F o u rth In te rn a tio n a l on V ie t­
nam .
Space d iffic u ltie s prevented
th e ir p ub lication in this is­
sue, and w e p lan to publish
both soon.
"Burn, Baby, Burn!"
B y D e lla Rossa
“ B u m , Baby, B u m !” w ritte n and
directed b y F ra n k Greenwood and
now p la yin g F rid a y nights a t 1131
W . Manchester, Los Angeles, is
the W atts ghetto speaking again.
I t ’s a p o w e rfu l and a rticu la te
p roduction. The ghetto blacks
k n o w e xa ctly w h a t’s w rong, and
Greenwood is able to say i t fo r
them . The u p ris in g its e lf isn’t
even bro u g h t in to th e play. In ­
stead,
“ B u rn ,
Baby,
B u m !”
through a series o f episodes, con­
centrates on the im p o rta n t ques­
tio n — i t te lls w h y W atts ex­
ploded.
Greenwood’s p la y is a ra re and
valuable o p p o rtu n ity fo r a w h ite
audience because i t has no in h ib i­
tions about te llin g about the ghet­
to as i t is. T his is n o t a m iddle
class A fro -A m e ric a n ta lk in g care­
f u lly to w hites so th e y w o n ’t m is­
understand.
B oth the w r ite r and the players
don’t seem to care m uch w h a t the
w h ite w o rld th in ks about w h a t
th e y have to say. W hat th e y ap­
preciated was th a t b itte r la u g hte r
o f recognition th a t came so often
fro m the m o stly b la ck audience
the n ig h t I saw it.
“ B u rn , baby, B u rn !” h its at the
ghetto issues — w hen there is a
jo b opening, i t goes to a w h ite
slouch ra th e r than a q u a lifie d
black. T here is the pervasive po­
lice ugliness.
O ther episodes m ake angry com­
ments on the in d ig n ity and inse­
c u rity of w e lfa re re lie f, schools
N E W Y O R K — Franz J. T. Lee,
young South A fric a n L ib e ra tio n
fig h te r, w ill conclude an extrem e­
ly successful U.S. speaking to u r
w ith a m eeting a t C o m m un ity Cen­
ter, 40 E. 35th St., T hursday eve­
ning, Nov. 17. A c to r-p la y w rig h t
Ossie D avis w ill share the p la t­
fo rm w ith Lee.
A representative o f the A fric a n
Peoples D em ocratic U n ion o f South
A fric a , Lee has been to u rin g the
U.S. and Canada on beh alf o f the
A le xa n d e r Defense Com m ittee,
organized to aid D r. N e v ille A le x ­
ander and oth e r im prisoned v ic ­
tim s o f South A fric a n apartheid.
Lee has reached w ide audiences
on his to u r. In the B ay A rea, he
was heard on three ra d io stations
and three television channels.
In Los Angeles, he appeared at
a num ber o f meetings, in clu d in g
one in the W atts ghetto, and was
in te rvie w e d b y press, television
and radio.
the bla ck U ncle Tom, w ho appears
in m any episodes, and the audience
q u ic k ly jo in e d the players in r id i­
c u lin g th is element.
H owever, even a bla ck c iv ilrig h ts leader in the audience ob­
jected to a n ti-Je w ish overtones in
the p la y, w here m ost o f the op­
pressive w h ite s shown, the la n d ­
lo rd and th e merchants, are Jews.
Nonetheless, w e m ust a d m it th a t
Greenwood is honestly show ing
the ghetto as i t is. M ost o f the
“ enemy w h ite s” the ghetto comes
in contact w ith are Jews, and
therefore the tw o are associated
in the th in k in g o f a large p a rt o f
the ghetto.
There are p o w e rfu l episodes in
the play, in d ic a tin g the p o litic a l
clim ate of th e Los Angeles ghetto
today. One o f these concerns the
young m an w h o refuses to be
d ra fte d in to the w h ite m an’s a rm y
to fig h t th e w h ite m an’s w a r in
V ietnam .
The players are n o t experienced
professionals, b u t th e y don’t have
to be. The episodes are so m uch
a p a rt o f th e ir live s th e y seem to
be p la y in g themselves.
In the background o f a ll these
scenes is an A m e rica n fla g —
nailed to the w a ll upside down.
“ O ffic ia l economists and other
pensionaries o f capitalism , w r ith ­
in g w ith the cold steel o f M a rx ­
ia n science in the v ita ls o f th e ir
theories, h ide th e ir rage in the
w rin k le o f a sneer a t M a rx .”
— Daniel DeLeon.
S O C IA L IS T FUND
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l t l l l l l l l l l t l .......
Drive O ff to Good Start
B y M a rv e l Scholl
F und D ire cto r
W ith th is issue, we p ublish the
fir s t scoreboard in the P a rty B u ild in g
F un d
C am paign fo r
$18,000 w h ic h the S ocialist W o rk ­
ers P a rty launched on Oct. 1, to
ru n th ro u g h Dec. 31.
I t is heartening indeed to see
th a t w ith s lig h tly m ore th a n oneth ird o f th e cam paign over, 35 pe r­
cent o f th e m oney has already
been collected.
T h is unusual and e a rly response
to the fin a n c ia l needs o f th e SWP
is the re su lt o f a g ro w in g realiza­
tio n on the p a rt o f supporters and
members th a t m oney is an essen­
tia l com m odity in b u ild in g an o r­
ganization whose pro gram is de­
signed to create a b e tte r w o rld
fo r everyone. A n d fu rth e r, th a t
rig h t now , the opportunities to
reach new young people w ith th a t
program are b e tte r th a n ever be­
fore.
As you w il l note fro m th e score­
board, The G eneral does n o t have
a quota. H ow ever, w e confiden­
tia lly expect th a t readers o f The
M ilita n t and oth e r frie n d s w ill
m ake th e ir usual fin e co n trib u ­
tions. The G eneral is v e ry m uch
in the ru n n in g . W h ile w e set the
fig u re o f $18,000, i t was based on
as m in im u m a budget as w e could
devise. A c tu a lly , w e need m uch
m ore to take f u ll advantage o f the
c u rre n t p o litic a l situation, to reach
o u t w ith o u r new young cadres
to gather m ore and m ore to o u r
ranks.
Speakers w ho go to the m any
campuses around the c o u n try re ­
p o rt an actual hunge r on the p a rt
o f students fo r basic in fo rm a tio n
on socialist theory. So w e ask
a ll readers to m ake use o f the
coupon on page 2 to do th e ir p a rt
in th is v ita l w ork.
Send y o u r co n trib u tio n s to the
S ocialist
W orkers
P a rty,
873
B roadw ay, N ew Y o rk , N. Y . 10003.
Fund Scoreboard
City
Boston
Minneapolis - St. Paul
Oakland-Berkeley
Detroit
Philadelphia
New York
St. Louis
Chicago
Allentown
San Francisco
Seattle
Cleveland
San Diego
Los Angeles
Milwaukee
Newark
Denver
General
Quota
$ 1,000
1,000
1,000
1,200
450
4,800
150
1,500
135
1,000
250
900
150
4,000
400
100
100
Paid
676
624
589
572
210
2,129
60
580
50
310
50
115
15
270
25
5
00
46
Totals to Nov. 7
$18,135
$6,326
Percent
67
62
59
48
47
44
40
39
37
31
20
13
10
7
6
5
00
35
Page Four
T H E M IL IT A N T — M
THE
M ILITA N T
A Hard-Hitting Effective Socialist Antiwar Campaign
E d ito r: J O S E P H H A N S E N
M anaging E d ito r: B A R R Y S H E P P A R D
Business M anager: K A R O L Y N K E R R Y
P ublished w e e k ly , except du rin g J u ly and A ugu st w h en published b i-w e e k ly ,
b y T h e M ilita n t P ub lis h in g Ass'n., 873 B ro ad w ay, N e w Y o rk , N . Y . 10003. Phone
533-6414. Second-class postage paid at N e w Y o rk , N . Y . Subscription: $3 a year;
C anadian, $3.50; foreign , $4.50. Signed articles b y contributors do not necessarily
represent T h e M ilita n t’s views. These are expressed in editorials.
Vol. 31 - No. 41
•34b
Monday, November 14, 1966
Judy White Describes
Impact on Young People
By H arry Ring
China's Nuclear Test
The fourth successful nuclear test by the Peoples Republic
of China evoked consternation throughout the ruling circles of the
the capitalist countries, especially in Washington. W hat alarmed
them was the fact that the nuclear device was delivered to the
target test site by a guided missile. This implies both a develop­
ment in the nuclear devices themselves to the point where they
are now compact weapons, and a development of missile tech­
nology. China is now capable of reaching 400 miles beyond its
borders to answer any attack, and this capability w ill clearly
be developed fa irly rapidly.
In announcing the test, the Hsinhua news agency in Peking
repeated China’s pledge not to be the first to use nuclear weapons:
“The conducting of necessary and lim ited nuclear tests and the
development of nuclear weapons by China are entirely for the
purpose of defense, w ith the ultim ate aim of destroying the
nuclear weapons. W e solemnly declare once again that at no time
and in no circumstances w ill China be the first to use nuclear
weapons.”
The ruling circles in the U.S. have been hostile to the Chinese
revolution from the beginning. They intervened to protect Chiang
K ai-shek, and set up his preserve on Formosa. The U.S. Seventh
F leet has remained off the coast of China ever since. A n iron ring
of U.S. m ilita ry bases surrounds China’s eastern and southern
border — from Korea down through Japan, Okinawa, Formosa,
the Philippines, Vietnam and Thailand. In addition, there are the
other Pacific bases, lik e the a ir base at Guam, which is already
being used as a center of B -52 operations against Vietnam , and
which includes China in its range of targets.
U.S. troops were used against Chinese forces in Korea, in
a w a r aimed at the N orth Korean and Chinese workers’ states.
The present w ar in V ietnam is escalating toward a confrontation
w ith China. A t the very minim um , Washington hopes to keep
south Vietnam a base of m ilita ry operations for use against the
socialist revolution in the whole area, including China.
A n ominous sign of the designs of Washington was Johnson’s
reaction to the Chinese test. LB J couldn’t conceal the rage he felt,
and warned that the test placed China in danger of the U.S.
atomic “deterrent.” His rage reflects the feelings of the ruling
class at the prospect that China is justifiably taking the first steps
to develop a counter-force to the nuclear sword Washington holds
over the people of China and the world.
N E W Y O R K , Nov. 8 — Elec­
tioneering ended la st n ig h t, b u t
th is m o rn in g J u d y W h ite was at
h e r desk in the SWP campaign
offices answ ering m a il and w o rk ­
in g on a re p o rt on cam paign ac­
t iv ity and results. She to o k tim e
o u t to ta lk to me about the cam­
paign. She was as energetic and
enthusiastic as the day the cam­
paign opened three months ago.
I t was h e r fir s t b id fo r p u b lic
o ffice and the pace wasn’t slow.
She spoke on the m a jo r cam­
puses in the c ity , before local
a n tiw a r and c o m m u n ity groups,
and made a to u r o f upstate N ew
Y o rk . In the course o f the cam­
paign, a to ta l o f eleven hours o f
ra d io and T V tim e was obtained
fo r the w hole SWP slate, and she
appeared on a good p a rt o f it.
O ften she faced hostile, sharpshooting inte rvie w e rs. Everyone
agrees she stood up to them w on­
d e rfu lly . She says, “ I t wasn’t near­
ly as d iffic u lt as I expected.”
U niversity Help
...New York Minutemen
(C ontinued fro m Page 1)
la st seven months, a t least, and
th e y have evidence to prove w h a t
the te rro ris ts a ctu a lly did. T h a t
m uch is com pletely clear fro m
statements th e y have made so fa r.
W hat is n o t so clear, is w h y they
w a ite d so long before m o vin g in
on the organization w hen i t has
been colle cting its massive deathdealing arsenal fo r several years
and has undoubtedly been engaged
in previous sabotage attem pts.
One possible answ er is th a t the
police w ere n o t lim ite d to a sur­
veillance capacity in th e M in u te m an m em bership. A lre a d y , in ­
fo rm a tio n seized in the rig h t-w in g
group’s file s has shown th a t three
N ew Y o rk state policem en were
active members. One state trooper
appears to have form ed an upstate
d r i ll team ; to have obtained wea­
pons fro m the police fo r the M in ­
utem en; to have recru ite d n a tio n a l
guardsm en to th e ir ranks; and to
have tu rn e d over police file s on
th e M inu tem e n to the organiza­
tio n its e lf.
L o w B a il
O n Oct. 31, th e day the arrested
M inutem en w ere released on the
rid ic u lo u s ly lo w b a il o f $1,000, the
N ew Y o rk Tim es reported th a t
“ tw o photographers fo r Newsday
com plained to the D is tric t A t ­
to rn e y th a t tw o o f the defendants
had assaulted them on the w a y
out. The photographers charged
th a t c ity policemen stood by and
refused to re -a rre st the defendants
in vo lve d .”
T here w ere o ther suggestions o f
police co m p lic ity w ith th e r ig h tw in g hoodlum s. A t one M in u te m an d w e llin g in “ a middle-class
hom e-ow ning
co m m u n ity
th a t
prides its e lf on keeping out o f
the news,” crude and v u lg a r le a f­
lets prete n d in g to be fro m Negroes
w ere discovered:
“ K i l l the w h ite devils,” these
read in part. “ We are going to
take the w h ite wom en fo r our
pleasure. We w ill smash the heads
o f w h ite babies against the tru n k
o f trees. T here w ill be a r iv e r of
blood. The n o n vio le n t re v o lu tio n
has fa ile d . We shall overcome o nly
w ith bla ck pow er.”
A cco rd in g to the Oct. 31 New
Y o rk Times, the leaflets “ had been
d is trib u te d fro m speeding cars at
n ig h t and had n e a rly created a
race c o n flic t . . . the police ob­
tained the agreement o f ‘local pa­
pers’ to avoid p u b lic iz in g th e in ­
cident u n til i t could be presented
to the p u b lic in perspective.” The
police agents in the M inutem en
m ust have k n o w n th e o rigins o f
these vicious leaflets.
T h a t is e x a c tly the k in d o f a t­
titu d e w e m a y expect the police
to ta ke tow ards the fu r th e r p ro ­
secution o f these bom b-slinging
hate mongers.
I t w ill be m a in ly a m a tte r o f
pre p a rin g th e p u b lic fo r the p ro ­
per “ perspective.” A n d w h a t is th a t
perspective?
I t is easy to im agine w h a t i t
w o u ld be i f a c iv il rig h ts o r a
ra d ica l group was discovered w ith
a fra c tio n o f the m urderous wea­
pons fo u n d in the M inutem an
arsenal. The N ew Y o rk Times,
how ever, reported the fo llo w in g
reaction o f G overnor R ockefeller
to the Oct. 30 arrests: “ These peo­
ple,” R ockefeller stated, “ are m is­
guided in th e ir p a trio tis m .”
H erder on T V and was convinced
th a t i f he could vote, she w o uld
be his choice. He w rote : “ The So­
c ia lis t L a b o r candidate, M r. H e rd ­
er, impressed me as being sincere
b u t too dogmatic. B u t M iss W hite
showed h e r concern about the
stupid w a r.” He added th a t he fe lt
th a t she had n o t dealt s u ffic ie n tly
w ith state issues, b u t th a t never­
theless “ I respect he r gre a tly fo r
stating th a t her forem ost concern,
and her p a rty ’s, is the w a r in V ie t­
nam .”
“ B u t the b ig th in g ,” J u d y said
as we w e n t thro u g h some o f the
letters, “ is the young people who
have been com ing here fo r lite r ­
ature and to ta lk .”
“ K ids, 12, 13, 14 years old come
in ,” she said anim atedly. “ T hey’re
te r rib ly concerned about th is r o t­
ten society. One k id re fe rre d to
the w a r as the ‘crim e o f the cen­
tu r y !’ B u t i t ’s not ju s t the w a r. I t ’s
the w hole society. They w a n t to
k n o w about socialism .”
She to ld about a m eeting at
U nion College in Schenectady.
There was a b ig tu rn o u t and the
discussion continued fo r hours
a fte r the fo rm a l m eeting. “ A nu m ­
ber o f th e students, w ho each
th o u ght they w ere the o n ly so­
c ia lis t on the campus, m et each
other. N ow th e y’re fo rm in g a so­
c ia lis t club.”
Grace M o ra N ew m an
The e ffe ct o f these socialist a n ti­
w a r broadcasts is apparent in the
m ore than 200 in q u irie s received
at the campaign headquarters as
a result.
One young m an w ro te : “ I am
v e ry interested in the w o rke rs’
struggles. M y m other and fa th e r
plan to vote fo r the socialist can­
didate. They understand she is the
o n ly candidate th a t supports the
end o f the b a rb a ric w a r we are
w aging against the peasants of
south V ietnam .”
A p o litic a l science m a jo r at C ity
College w ro te th a t she had to
w rite a paper on the campaign and
chose the SW P as h e r subject be­
cause the m a j o r
candidates
avoided the re a l issues. “ I w atched
the three SW P candidates on T V
th is m o rn in g ,” she w ro te , “ and
was in trig u e d b y M r. B o u te lle ’s
comparison o f y o u r p a rty and the
B la c k P an th e r m ovem ent
.. I
w o u ld appreciate as m uch lite r ­
a ture as you could send me.”
A young man in N ew Jersey
w ro te : “ Though I started the
weekend as a ‘D a w k ’ (A s Tim e
w o u ld say) concerning V ietnam ,
I have become com pletely con­
vinced we should get the h e ll out
o f there. ( I m ust congratulate
Hedda Garza fo r convincing me.)
A n yw a y, I have a lready decided
th a t when I become old enough
( I ’m o n ly 15) I w o u ld become a
m em ber o f one of the so-called
le ftis t parties.”
A n o th e r young n o n -v o te r fro m
B ro o k ly n w ro te in th a t he had
watched J u d y W h ite and M ilto n
A t C ornell U n iv e rs ity , a group
o f students and professors got
together a fte r her m eeting and
agreed to p ublish an ad in the
campus paper stating th a t w h ile
th e y m ig h t n o t necessarily agree
w ith o ther planks in the SWP
program , they w ere u rg in g a vote
fo r its candidates on the basis o f
its stand fo r the w ith d ra w a l o f
troops fro m V ietnam .
A m ong those signing the ad
w ere P ro f. R obert G reenblatt, a
leader o f the In te r-U n iv e rs ity
C om m ittee fo r Debate on Foreign
P olicy, and P a tricia G r iffith , ad­
m in is tra tiv e secretary o f the No­
vem ber 8 M o b iliza tio n fo r Peace in
V ietnam .
A n o th e r boost was the election
coverage in the newspaper o f the
U n ite d Federation o f Teachers,
A F L -C IO . The paper carried a
p ro m in ent p o licy statem ent by
Judy, along w ith those o f the
m a jo r candidates. A t the Nov.
5 r a lly against the V ietnam w ar,
J u d y to ld me, she was d is trib u t­
in g election leaflets to members
P a u l B o u te lle
Ju dy W h ite
o f the Teachers Com m ittee to End
the W a r in V ietnam . “ I was re a lly
v e ry w e ll received,” she said. “ A
su rp risin g nu m ber to ld me they
had read the a rticle and lik e d it.
“ We made an im pact on the
a n tiw a r m ovem ent and the stu­
dents,” J u d y added, re fe rrin g to
the C olum bia and C ity College ads
backing the cam paign and the Na­
tio n a l G uardian ad.
“ The G uardian’s endorsement o f
o u r tic k e t c e rta in ly helped too,”
she said.
M ore than 100,000 pieces o f elec­
tio n lite ra tu re and election stickers
w ere d istrib u te d . “ Q uite a fe w
people came up to the o ffice fo r
lite ra tu re to give out,” she said,
“ and we had long discussions w ith
them .”
D escribing th e general response
to the campaign, she said her e x­
perience confirm ed the widespread
u n p o p u la rity o f the w a r. “ W here
most people disagree w ith us,” she
observed, “ is th a t th e y don’t feel
we have a p ra ctica l so lution to
these problems. They say, ‘I t ’s a
good idea, b u t i t can’t be done.’ ”
“ B u t th e y lik e o ur demand to
b rin g the G Is home,” she con­
tinued. “ A lo t o f people w ould
com m ent on that, ‘I w o u ld w ea r
the campaign b u tto n th a t says
Vote to B rin g O ur Boys Home.’ A
w om an behind the counter in the
cafeteria a t Southam pton College
w hen I spoke there asked me i f
she could get one. U p in Schenec­
tady, a c le rk in a photography
shop asked fo r one too.”
“Lesser Evilism ”
A m ong young people, she con­
tinued, the best response was to
the argum ents against “ lesse r-e vil”
politics. “ T hey can’t understand
how you can support any candi­
date w h o ’s fo r th is w a r.”
J u d y was also encouraged b y
the response she got to her posi­
tio n in support o f b la ck pow er. The
students, she said, are v e ry m uch
interested in this. A n d w h ere ver
there w ere Negroes in the audience
they w o u ld speak u p on i t and get
in to b ig discussions w ith the oth e r
students a fte r th e m eetings broke
u p in to in fo rm a l discussion.
B u t the v e ry best response, she
repeated, came fro m the hig h
school students. “ They had a ll the
candidates speaking a t the social
science classes a t M idw oo d H ig h ,”
she said. “ Then the y to ok a stra w
vote. I got 13 percent o f the vo te !”
“ Then some youngster to ld us
they had a p o ll a t W ashington
Ir v in g H igh. She claim s Rock­
e fe lle r was fir s t w ith 3,000 votes
and I was th ird w ith a thousand.
B u t I ’d check th a t one out.”
I asked i f there was a response
to her as a w om an candidate fo r
governor. “ Some,” she said, “ b u t
th e real response was to the idea
o f a young candidate.”
A n d — i f I m ay add m y ow n
observation — the k in d o f an e f­
fective, m ilita n t cam paigner th a t
makes you proud o f y o u r p a rty.
Page Five
y, N ovem ber 14, 1966
:tive Socialist A ntiw ar Campaign
National Guardian Ad
[The following is the text of a full-page advertisement which
appeared in the Oct. 29 issue of the progressive weekly, The N ational
G ua rdian .]
V o te A gainst th e V ie tn a m W a r
J u d y W h ite f o r G o v e rn o r!
T H E V IE T N A M W A R is the m ost im p o rta n t issue facing voters
in th is election. M a jo r social problem s besetting the w o rk in g people
o f th is state, such as unem ploym ent, equal rights, increased liv in g costs
o r the th re a t o f a harsher C ondon-W adlin A c t can n o t be separated
fro m th e question o f the w a r in V ietnam . O f the 365,000 A m erican
G Is estim ated to be in V ie tn a m b y the end o f th is year, thousands of
N ew Y o rkers alone w ill have been called to add th e ir live s to the
m o u n tin g casualties there.
A PRO TEST V O T E against the p ro -w a r candidates o f the m a jo r
parties is an im p o rta n t a d d itio n to the m o u n tin g p o p u la r expression
o f opposition to the V ietn a m w a r. E specially in the N ew Y o rk guber­
n a to ria l race, w h ic h is re ce ivin g n a tio n a l attention, opposition to the
w a r should be fo llo w e d up w ith opposition a t the polls. A vote can
be cast in th is election th a t w ill be understood to be a V O T E TO END
W A R IN V IE T N A M .
T H E S O C IA L IS T W O R KER S P A R T Y slate, headed b y J u d y W hite
fo r G overnor, is centering its election campaign on the need to w ith ­
d ra w a ll U.S. troops fro m V ietnam . F o r th is reason, a vote fo r the
S ocialist W orkers P a rty slate w ill be counted as a V ote to End the
W a r in V ietnam .
I T IS ON T H E B A S IS o f the S ocialist W orkers P a rty ’s election
campaign o f opposition to the V ie tn a m w a r, th a t we, the undersigned,
w ho do n o t necessarily agree w ith a ll the planks in the p a rty ’s p ro ­
gram , c a ll fo r a vote fo r J u d y W hite. In th is campaign, a vote fo r
th e S ocialist W orkers P a rty slate is —
A V O T E TO E N D T H E W A R IN V IE T N A M !
Moses X . A u try , H ospita l W o rk ­
ers Local 1199; M r. and M rs. Sean
B a rk e r; M e lv y n B aron; Edm und
B a rre tt; Rosalyn B a xa n d a ll; N e l­
son Blackstock, A tla n ta Comm, to
End the W ar in V ietn a m ; E th e l
Blasberg,
W ashington
H eights
C EW V ; P eter B o b rick, C olum bia
U n iv e rs ity Independent C om m . on
V ie tn a m ; C leveland Broussard;
E d w a rd A . B utts.
P ro f. E m ile Capouya, a u th o r/
c ritic ; Joseph A . Casanova; R ic h ­
ard C hinn, Providence, K y ., C om m .
fo r A L ib e ra l Len d in g L ib ra ry ;
A lle n C h u rc h ill, a u th o r; George
R. C laute r; Rev. A lb e rt B . Cleage,
D e tro it C entral Cong. C hurch;
C la ire C onnelly; Gregg W . Con­
w a y; P ro f. R obert J. Cooke, S outh­
am pton
College
( L .I.U .);
D r.
E phraim Cross, C olum bia U n iv e r­
sity.
L in d a Dannenberg, F ifth Ave.
V ie tn a m Peace Parade Comm.;
P ro f. V ernon K . D ibble, C olum bia
U n iv e rs ity ; D o ro th y D ickens; E. H .
E m o ry; P a tric k A . Evans, A tla n ta
James H aughton
C EW V; Simone A . Fedak, W om ­
en S trik e fo r Peace; M a rk F e in p la y w rig h t; N ic k Gruenberg, Co­
stein, co-chairm an Queens College
lu m b ia U n iv e rs ity Independent
SDS; E. J. Fine, C hairm an, F lo rid a
Comm, on V ie tn a m ; H . E. G u b S ocialist U n ion; F rieda F orm an;
H ild a G arcia; M a x w e ll Geismar, bins; C a rl Haessler, exec. board
mem ber, newspaper G u ild o f De­
lite ra ry c ritic .
tr o it; James H aughton, d ire cto r,
John
Gerassi,
co-ordinator,
A m e rican B ranch B e rtra n d Russell H a rle m U nem ploym ent C enter;
M ichael M. H irsch, chairm an, Long
Peace F oundation; Charles J. G iIsland U n iv . Y oung S ocialist C lub
badlo; L a rr y G insberg; M o rris
(SDS c h a p te r); Charles Johnson,
G oldin, co-chairman, L o w e r East
Free (U n iv .) School; Juan R.
Side M o b iliza tio n fo r Peace A c ­
tio n ; Donna Gould, F ifth Ave. K a fk a ; George K a p p ; L a rr y K a tz;
C hris Kearns, C atholic W orker.
V ietna m Peace Parade C om m itte;
E dw ard M . K e ating, publisher,
R obert Greenberg, L E M P A .
R am parts magazine; P aul K n o p f,
P a tricia G r iffith , A d m in is tra ­
com poser/pianist; F ra n k K o fsky,
tiv e Sec’y, Nov. 8 M o b iliza tio n
h is to ria n /ja z z c ritic ; E dw ard Lee,
Comm.; A n to n i G ronowicz, a u th o r/
L in d a D annenberg
M a x w e ll G eism ar
A tla n ta C EW V; H a l L e v in , candi­
date, Congress 12 C.D.; D onald A .
L in d q u is t, A m e rica n Academ y o f
P o litic a l Science; Charles C. L o ck­
wood, D e tro it c iv il lib e rtie s a t­
to rn e y; D e n zil Longton, C itize n ’s
Comm. A g a in st N apalm ; M a rv in
Longton, C itize n ’s Comm. A gainst
N apalm ; W illia m L oveland; F e lix
J. M cG owan, C atholic W o rke r;
Emma Jean M a c a fity , F ellow ship
o f R econciliation; Law rence R.
M arcus; James G. M ellen, Free
(U n iv .) School; M a rk M ischel;
M r. and M rs. O fe lio M orales, Co­
m ite C u ltu ra l de Hostos; D r. Oc­
ta v io E. Moscoso, D om inican in ­
dependence fig h te r; A le x M u n se ll;
F e lix Munso, a cto r/a u th o r.
A . J. Muste, chairm an, F ifth
Ave.
V ietnam
Peace
Parade
Comm.; M ichael M yerson; Scott
Nearing, socialist scholar; Esther
N e w ill,
W om en’s In te rn a tio n a l
League fo r Peace and Freedom ;
Grace M ora N ew m an; L u c y N y land; B eatrice Ostashevsky; P ro f.
James Petras, U n iv . o f C alif., Re­
search;
Jon
Phelps,
V ietnam
Study G ro u p ; C h a rlo tte Pomerantz, e d ito r/a u th o r; R ufus H.
Reed, Free (U n iv .) School; D avid
W . Reeder; P aul Reinman, a rtis t;
K enneth L . Rhone; James R obert­
son, editor, S partacist; W ilk ie C.
R o h r; D a vid R o llin s; D r. A nnette
T.
R ubinstein,
a u th o r/lite ra ry
c ritic .
James E. S allard, Jr., W.E.B.
D uBois Clubs; M ichael Samberg;
R. Samuels, L E M P A ; W illia m
Sander, fa c u lty , N .Y. State U n iv .
a t B u ffa lo ; R u th E. Schein; B a r­
bara Schwartz, Comm, fo r In d e ­
pendent P o litic a l A c tio n ; G erard
Scime; M a ry Scime; P eter Seidman, C olum bia U n iv . Independ­
ent Comm, on V ie tn a m ; M a rtin
City College
Campus Ad
The following advertisement ap­
peared in the Nov. 3 issue of the
City College of N ew Y ork paper.
T he Campus.
R ev. A lb e rt Cleage
Shepard, M .D ./C om m . o f Profes­
sionals to End the W a r in V ie t­
nam; R obert H . Sherwood, Spar­
tacist League; M a rv in
Siegel;
W illia m
S tein;
P ro f.
John
A . Strong, Southam pton College
(L .I.U .); P aul M . Sweezy, co -e d ito r, M o n th ly R eview ; W a lte r D.
Teague I I I , C om m . to A id the N a­
tio n a l L ib e ra tio n F ro n t; A n th o n y
Toney, a rtis t; George H . W ells;
F re d e rick West.
B ritto n W ilk ie , Students fo r a
D em ocratic Society, P ro f. R obert
P a u l W o lff, C olum bia U n iv .; Ed
W olkenstein, editor, Red S w ord;
Jose Yglesias, author; Jack Y oungerm an, a rtis t; Esther F. Z latchin,
C om m ittee fo r a Sane N uclear
P olicy.
(O rg a n izatio n a l a ffilia tio n s listed
id en tific a tio n purposes o n ly .)
fo r
Columbia Spectator
[The following advertisement appeared in the Nov. 7 issue of
the Columbia University D a ily S pectator.]
V O TE TO B R IN G OUR TROOPS H O M E FR O M V IE T N A M NOW !
V O T E S O C IA L IS T W O R KER S NOV. 8. Socialist W orkers Candidates:
J u d y W h ite fo r G overnor; R ichard Garza fo r L t. G overnor; P aul B ou­
te lle fo r A tto rn e y G eneral; R alph L e v itt fo r C om ptro lle r.
We urge a vote fo r the S ocialist W orkers P a rty as a means o f op­
posing the V ietnam w a r, w h ile not necessarily endorsing a ll the planks
of the S ocialist W orkers p la tfo rm .
Rod Speel, Peter Seidman, Sam
Gross, A a ro n Fogel, M ichael H.
A g ra n o ff, H u n te r Ingalls, Thelm a
Ingalls, Ted K a p tch u k, R. Gebert,
Carole Seidman, N ic k G ruenberg,
John L . W ilson, M o rris Grossner,
M ichael M elzer, E d w a rd C onnelly,
A b b y Pariser, W illia m R. Beer,
Seman Bassin, Gene Rothman,
D a v id N. S tem , Joseph H . W il­
lingham , M ichael F riedm an, Jona­
than Coppelman, Charles R. M iesm er, C athy Tashiro, Jonathon
M eyer, M ich a e l E d w a rd B row n,
Eugene Ham ond.
R onald L . W eitz, Becca Samuels,
Joseph Solomon, M e lv in M argulis,
George G ruenthal, C aroline Jen­
ness, D a v id M acKenzie, M athew
Zellm an, Dan Zuger, Steven S.
Weiss, Joseph S tillm a n , R ichard
Rosen, Rom ie Sawyer, F ra n k Tarlaglia, V ic to r B . M a rro w , P aul H.
R ockw ell, W illia m F. S ta rr, Peter
B o b rick, W ill Stein, Roberta Speel,
F e lix M cG ow an
A lb e rt Szymanski, John Sinisi,
M ichael Michaels, C liffo rd Satlow,
J e ff Nichols, B ill W ertheim .
Steve Richm an, M ichael D ia ­
M e lv y n B aron, Tom Foner, mond, D. W eingarten, D e ird re
S tanley K le in ,
D a v id G ilb e rt,
F ranke, Joan Sprineon, G erald W.
H e il, Jr., E ric W inston, Steven
M a rk Naison, Charles Haxthausen,
M oskow itz, R obert Maso, Susan
R ichard Sober, P eter J. G ollon,
J u d ith S ch iff, A n th o n y Gronowicz,
R ibner, A la n Leigenberg, G lo ria
Sal G alleta, R ay S trysin, W illia m
L e itn e r, R obert Osman, M a x F ra ­
D avis, E p h ra im Cross, Charles ser, R onald P. Fields, James P olk,
Castleman, P a u l Shapiro, B arbara
A liso n F lem ing, J e ffry K aplo w ,
Epstein, Jan S teenblik, J e ff E llis, P ro f. V ernon D ibble, P ro f. R obert
T e rry M cC lin to ck, D a vid Joel P aul W o lff.
Shapiro, S helley B lum berg, A u ­
FO R M O RE IN F O R M A T IO N ,
d re y Jacobson, Leon R enm ark, C A L L S O C IA L IS T W ORKERS
Louis D. Race, John A . Best, E li­
P A R T Y H EA D Q U AR TER S , 873
B R O A D W A Y . PHO NE 982-6051.
zabeth Paehlke.
V O T E FO R PEAC E IN V IE T ­
N AM — JU D Y
W H IT E
FOR
GOVERNOR.
We, th e
under
signed,
w h ile
not
necessarily
agreeing w ith th e other planks in
th e ir platfo rm s, u rg e a vote fo r
the candidates o f the S o cia list
W orkers P a rty as a means o f p ro ­
testing the w a r in V ietnam .
M a rtin A m ster, D a v id Ascher,
Ir is B enler, M a rio n Bloch, Fergus
M . B ordew ich, M a rty B ra ff, N ic k
Brienza, M a rk B ro d y, Steve Dash,
Sarah D o o little , Russ DuPree, A r ­
th u r Ellenbogen, D iane F ia lk o w ,
C h arlo tte Fischer, M a u riz io F r a caloni, James F ra n k lin , A n d y
Gates, R obert Glasser.
N ancy G ould, R u th Hess, Susan
Hochberg, M ichael Jackson, Je f f
Jones, E ve lyn K ahn, H a rve y K a s don, Pete K a u fh o ld , M ich ael K in sler, Lo is K lo tz , W illia m K o rn ,
Jack K ozaki, F ra n k K u e h n rich .
M arc L a m pe ll, Laurence L e vin e ,
E ric M auer, D ennis M ayer, A lvin ,
A . M ayer, P aul M ilk m a n , V iv ia n
Nicholson, M ik e
N orton,
D an
Paige, A la n Pakalus, A . P e rtila .
D ina P otocki, R oberta Recht,
H ow ard Reid, W endy Reissner,
John R iley, D a v id Rosner, L a r r y
R othfeder, Reborah R othm an, G il­
b e rt K . R u ff.
Carlos
Santa-Colom a,
Jo n n y
Saul,
Iv a n
S chm ukler,
A lle n
Stone, A r tie T ra u m , John A . V asquez, Steven W ein tra ub, Lenore
Weiss, P ercy Yates, Susan Zeiger,
Louis S w iren.
F a c u lty : A r th u r B ierm an, Ir w in
Fineberg.
O the r Schools:Ir a Perelson,
B ro o k ly n College; John M . B r a tina, C olum bia U n iv e rs ity ; John
Cerve; D a vid G roup, C olum bia;
John M ille r, C olum bia; James R.
N ew ton, C olum bia; M ichael A u cott, H a v e rfo rd College; Raymond
C. H ow ard, H a ve rfo rd ; G regory
S h ifrin , H u n te r College; H . G ottesman, The N ew School fo r Social.
Research.
Joe R. K n ock, N ew Y o rk U n i­
v e rs ity ; W ilfre d L yon , R utgers;
Neal
F ru m k in ,
S tony
B ro o k;
James A . Fischer, S tony B roo k;
D a niel H wang, S tony B ro o k; J u d y
S kolnick, S tony B ro o k; M a rv in
B erg, S w a rthm ore; M a r ily n H o ltfie ld , S w arthm ore; M a m ie R yan,
Vassar; C rysta l C la rk.
Joel Cohen, Leon D ay, P a t
K nock, K e v in F ra n k lin , Dotts
Fredericks,
E sther
F redericks,
B eth Ingber, T oby Jo P la tt, Susan
Schwartz, A m y W in te r, N orm an
D . L ip to n .
D r. A n n ette T . R ubinstein
Page s ix
T H E M IL IT A N T
M onday, N ovem ber 14, 1966
. . . Protests Against Vietnam War World Outlook Features
(Continued from Page 1)
opened o ff-B ro a d w a y production,
V ie t Rock.
Three leaflets w ere d istrib u te d
In q uan tities th a t to ta l close to the
h a lf-m illio n m a rk. One is a gen­
e ra l educational le a fle t about w h y
th e G Is w a n t to come home and
w h y the w a r should be opposed.
A second, e ntitled, “ Do G Is H ave
a R ig h t to K n o w ? ,” tells o f plans
fo r escalation o f the w a r, cites w h y
G Is w a n t to come home, gives fig ­
ures on mass desertions fro m the
Saigon forces and gives the facts
on the F o rt H ood Three case. The
th ir d le a fle t, d istrib u te d a t the
polls, declares, “ No M a tte r W ho
Y o u V ote fo r Today, the W a r W ill
S till Go On.” I t w arns o f a postlectio n escalation and urges ac­
on to p re ve n t it.
A c ity -w id e teach-in, scheduled
fo r M onday n ig h t a t H u n te r Col­
lege A u d ito riu m , had to be post­
poned and w il l be h e ld on M o n ­
day evening, Nov. 14. Conor Cruise
O’B rie n w ill be chairm an.
A n in te re stin g note on the press
coverage o f th e a n tiw a r m ove­
m e n t was provide d b y the N ew
Y o rk Tim es. In its fir s t ed itio n, the
account o f the S aturday demon­
s tra tio n reported 25,000 p a rtic i­
pants. In th e la te r editions, the
fig u re was changed to 10,000, w ith
th e news index s till lis tin g i t as
25,000. The re p o rt its e lf was fille d
w ith
scarcely-concealed
bias
against th e demonstrators.
Two Soviet Documents
e
B y E ric R e in th a le r
C L E V E L A N D , N ov. 5 — A
s tanding-room -only crow d o f n ear­
l y 1,000 packed the b a llro o m o f
C leveland’s M anger H o te l at the
m a jo r p u b lic r a lly in th is c ity
d u rin g the N ov. 5-8 M o b iliza tio n
fo r Peace in V ietnam . A fte r the
in d o o r m eeting, the protesters
against th e w a r paraded to Supe­
r io r Avenue, dow n S up e rior A v e ­
nue to the P u b lic Square and then
to the Peace F ounta in on the M a ll.
C old ra in and snow a ll day Sat­
u rd a y fa ile d to prevent the la rg ­
est p u b lic dem onstration against
th e w a r th a t has taken place to
date in Cleveland.
T he parade was led b y Rev.
Gregg T a y lo r o f the U n iv e rs ity
C h ristia n M ovem ent; P ro f. M a r­
s h a ll W in d m ille r o f San Francisco
National Guardian
Holds Celebration
N E W Y O R K — A thousand sup­
p orters o f the progressive w eekly,
the N a tio n al G uardian, gathered
a t a banquet a t the H o te l A m e ri­
cana, N ov. 4, to celebrate the pa­
p e r’s 18th b irth d a y .
T he afte r-d in n e r program , pres­
id e d over b y G uardia n e d ito r
James Aronson, heard these speak­
ers: Jane A dam s o f Students fo r
a D em ocratic Society; D r. Charles
H a m ilto n , chairm an o f th e D e­
p a rtm e n t o f P o litic a l Science at
L in c o ln U n iv e rs ity ; M illa rd L a m p e ll, s c rip t w rite r; Grace M ora
N ew m an o f the F o rt H ood Three
Defense C om m ittee; A . J. M uste,
chairm an o f the N ovem ber 8 M o ­
b iliz a tio n ; L in c o ln L ynch , asso­
ciate na tio n a l d ire c to r o f CORE;
and A r th u r K in o y , noted c iv il
lib e rtie s attorney.
I n addition, the re was a film e d
address b y W ilfre d B u rch e tt, the
G u ardian’s V ie tn a m correspon­
dent.
I n response to an appeal by
C a rl B raden, executive d ire c to r
o f the Southern Conference E du­
cational F und, th e gathering con­
trib u te d generously to h e lp d e fra y
th e G ua rd ian’s operating d e fic it.
W atts and Harlem
By Robert Vernon
And George Novack
15 cents
MERIT PUBLISHERS
5 East Third St..
New York, N. Y. 10003
Photo b y John C loud
L E A D C L E V E L A N D P R O T E S T M A R C H . H eading m arch th a t fo l­
low ed C leveland a n tiw a r r a lly a re ( le ft to rig h t) Rev. Gregg
T a y lo r; P ro f. M a rs h a ll W in d m ille r; L in c o ln L yn ch ; u n id e n tifie d
newsm an ta lk in g to D a rw in Johnson; and D r. B e n ja m in Spock.
State College; L in c o ln L yn ch , A s­
sociate N a tio n al D ire c to r o f CORE;
D a rw in Johnson, b ro th e r o f James
Johnson o f the F o rt Hood Three;
D r. B e n ja m in Spock, w o rld -fa m ­
ous p e d iatricia n ; and John M c­
Cann, A c tio n C hairm an o f the
C leveland Com m ittee to End the
W a r in V ietnam .
A t the conclusion of the parade
a t the Peace Fountain, D a rw in
Johnson read a m oving le tte r fro m
his bro th e r, James, and the parade
p a rticip a n ts w ere called on to as­
sist in the d is trib u tio n o f th o u ­
sands o f folders on the F o rt Hood
Three and other a n tiw a r m aterials
in c o m m u n ity d is trib u tio n m o b il­
izations on Sunday and Monday.
The alm ost continuous chant of
the protesters on th e ir parade
route was “ End the W a r in V ie t­
nam; B rin g the Troops Home.”
S aturday n ig h t, the W estern
Reserve U n iv e rs ity C om m ittee to
End the W a r in V ie tn a m and
Cleveland F riends o f SNCC spon­
sored an a n tiw a r “ H oot” a t w h ich
the October T heatre presented an
a n tiw a r satire, “ Candide.”
A t noon on M onday, students,
s ta ff and fa c u lty o f the School of
M edicine — U n iv e rs ity H ospitals
and U n iv e rs ity C ircle M edical
com plex w ill gather in fr o n t of
the A r t M useum Lagoon on U n i­
v e rs ity C ircle to protest the w a n ­
ton and b ru ta l destruction of
hum an life in the tra g ic w a r in
V ietnam . A lso on M onday, asso­
ciates o f the U n iv e rs ity C ircle
T each-in Committee, whose coor­
d in a to r is D r. Sidney Peck, plan
extensive co m m u n ity d istrib u tio n s
and sale o f a n tiw a r lite ra tu re .
The m a jo r Cleveland events
w ere sponsored b y the Cleveland
A re a C ounty fo r Peace in V ie t­
nam. The C ouncil, an ad hoc com­
m ittee, is made up o f over 50
C leveland area in d iv id u a ls among
w hom are included P rotestant,
C atholic and J e w is h clergym en,
trade unionists, activists in the
Cleveland C om m ittee to End the
W a r in V ietnam , CEWVs fro m
W estern Reserve U n iv e rs ity , Cu­
yahoga C o m m u n ity College, K e n t
State U n iv e rs ity , C leveland State
U n iv e rs ity , B a ld w in -W a lla ce C ol­
lege, U n iv e rs ity C ircle T each-in
Com m ittee, CORE, SANE, Y oung
S ocialist A llia n ce , D uBois Clubs,
A m e rica n F riends Service Com­
m ittee, S ocialist W orkers P a rty,
Womens In te rn a tio n a l League fo r
Peace and Freedom, Friends o f
SNCC and U n iv e rs ity C h ristia n
M ovem ent. In addition, the N a­
tio n a l S tudent Association a t O berlin College supported the event
and bussed in n e a rly 300 students
fo r the S aturday ra lly and dem ­
onstration.
D ellin ger's Message from Hanoi
[T h e fo llo w in g is th e te x t o f te le g ra m fro m D a v e D e llin g e r
in H a n o i th a t was read a t th e N ov. 5 a n tiw a r ra lly in N e w
Y o rk .]
A rriv e d H ano i, Oct. 28. M a n y useful discussions, in clud ing
agreem ent on im portance of fu rth e r visits. In n e r c ity sm all;
re la tiv e ly undam aged. Is la n d austere, b u t frie n d ly . N o signs
b lack m a rk e t, beggars, brothels and b a rb e d -w ire defenses
against hostile population w h ich I saw in occupied Saigon last
m onth.
M o st children and factories dispersed. Y esterday, visited
sm all n e a rb y C atholic v illa g e of P h u xa, w h e re 32 w e re k ille d
A ug. 13 in ra id — 3 A m e ric an planes. F o rty houses and church
destroyed.
In te rv ie w e d w ounded and relatives of victim s. C le a rly
n o n -m ilita r y target. Isolated p rim itiv e a g ric u ltu ra l villa g e . S aw
fra g m e n ta tio n bombs; no m ilita ry purpose except to destroy
h um an life .
D u rin g visit, A m e ric an planes passed overhead on new
raids on other villages. V ietnam ese people m ake clear distinc­
tion betw een A m e ric an people and barbarous governm ental
p olicy. F re q u e n tly express h u m a n ita ria n concern fo r young
A m ericans w ho, m isinform ed, conscripted and sent to die.
H ope A m ericans ju s tify distinction by rep u d iatin g govern­
m e n t in m am m o th dem onstrations N ov. 5 and 6, and w h a te v e r
continuing action necessary to force g overnm ent to end the
bom bing, w ith d ra w troops and recognize Vietnam ese in d e ­
pendence.
A lso hope th a t m ore soldiers and d ra ft-a g e youth w i ll re ­
fuse to com m it w a r crim es in courageous m an n er of Johnson,
M o ra , Samas, M o rg an , Rodd, K ig e r and others. Leave tonight;
extensive tra v e l outside H a n o i; observe effects of A m erican
bom bing and a ttitu d e of population.
T he Nov. 11 issue of W o rld O ut­
look contains tw o articles o f u n ­
usual interest.
The fir s t is the m inutes o f a
recent discussion between S oviet
historians and members o f the
S oviet A rm y G eneral S ta ff on a
book dealing w ith S ta lin ’s course
at the beginning o f W o rld W a r II .
The criticism s go v e ry fa r. A ll
o f the p a rticip a n ts agreed th a t
S ta lin ’s policies w ere extrem ely
dam aging to Soviet defenses, one
o f them even d eclaring th a t S ta lin
should have been shot.
W h ile no d ire c t criticism s were
levelled at the present regime, i t
was te llin g th a t a com p la in t was
registered d u rin g th e session over
the fa c t th a t access to ke y docu­
ments dealing w ith th is crucial
period is s till denied to S oviet
historians.
The discussion speaks volumes
about the pressures e xistin g in the
S oviet U nion to reveal the f u ll
tr u th about the te rrib le cost to the
co u n try o f the d ic ta to r’s ru le and
to complete the process o f “ deS ta lin iza tio n .”
The m inutes have n o t been p u b ­
lished in the USSR. T hey w ere
p rin te d fo r the f ir s t tim e in L a
S in istra (the L e ft) , a new socialist
magazine in Rome. W o rld O utlook
has translated th e docum ent fro m
th is source and made i t available
fo r the fir s t tim e to the E n g lish speaking w o rld .
The other a rtic le is a “ h isto rica l
study” a tta ckin g T ro tskyism w h ich
was published in Moscow in the
magazine, P roblem s o f the H isto ry
o f the CPSU. The author, N .P .
M ikeshin, seeks to p ro vid e a new
angle in m eeting the p o litic a l
th re a t to the S oviet bureaucracy
offered b y the T rotskyists program
o f w o rke rs’ democracy. M ike sh in
Polish 'Open Letter'
Is Published Here
N E W Y O R K — M e r it P u b lish ­
ers announced th a t i t has sched­
u led e a rly p u b lica tio n o f the
“ Open L e tte r” w ritte n b y Jacke
K u ro n and K a ro l M odzelew ski to
members o f the C om m unist m ove­
m ent in Poland.
The docum ent is o f unusual im ­
portance as a program m atic dec­
la ra tio n o f a re v o lu tio n a ry social­
is t p o litic a l opposition to the Gom u lk a regime. W h ile defending
a ll the re v o lu tio n a ry gains th a t
have been made, K u ro n and M o d ­
zelewski, tw o young members o f
the C om m unist m ovem ent, ad­
vocated the establishm ent o f p ro ­
le ta ria n democracy.
E xpelled fro m the p a rty fo r e x­
pressing such h eretical view s, the y
w ro te the Open L e tte r to e xplain
th e ir position.
The re su lt was fu rth e r persecu­
tio n . The tw o w ere hauled up in
c o u rt in J u ly , 1965. M odzelewski
was sentenced to three and a h a lf
years in prison, K u ro n to three
years.
The case was an in te rn a tio n a l
sensation and expressions o f sup­
p o rt fo r the tw o defendants came
fro m m a ny countries, n o t the least
being sectors o f the a n tiw a r m ove­
m e n t in the U n ite d States.
The Open L e tte r is available
in a F rench translation, b u t has
n o t y e t appeared in E nglish.
Nevertheless, various articles have
a lready appeared discussing its
contents. T h is is a good indica­
tio n o f the m ilepost the appear­
ance o f the docum ent m arked in
the developm ent o f p o litic a l his­
to ry in postw ar Poland.
B y m a kin g the Open L e tte r
available to the English-speaking
w o rld , M e rit P ublishers is per­
fo rm in g a service in h elping to
w id e n understanding o f the p o lit­
ic a l scene in Poland. A ccurate
know ledge o f w h a t M odzelewski
and K u ro n a ctu a lly stood fo r
should also help in w in n in g th e ir
freedom .
S ta lin
does n o t say a single w o rd about
the fra m e -u p charges cooked up
b y S ta lin in the notorious Moscow
T ria ls o f the th irtie s . Instead he
o ffers w h a t p u rp o rts to be an ob­
je ctive ,
w ell-docum ented
ap­
proach.
The au th o r is concerned about
the ris in g interest in T ro ts k y and
his ideas. B u t this, he argues, is a
p rod uct o f im p e ria lis t designs
against the S oviet U nion. One o f
his m a in targets is the biography
o f T ro ts k y w ritte n b y Isaac Deutscher.
Trotskyist Movement
He ends his a rticle b y ta k in g up
the present status o f the w o rld
T ro ts k y is t m ovem ent. B asing h im ­
se lf on the antics and absurdities
o f tw o sm all s p lit-o ffs , one in
U rug uay and the o ther in England,
he argues th a t such things “ te s tify
to the d e fin itiv e collapse o f T ro t­
skyism — both id e olog ically and
o rg anizationa lly.”
The tra n s la to r o f the a rticle ,
George Saunders, has supplied a
num ber o f c ritic a l notes on the
issues raised b y M ikeshin. B y sim ­
p ly setting the record straigh t,
these notes constitute a crushing
re p ly to the lies and fa lsifica tio ns
in M ike sh in ’s pretentious “ h isto r­
ic a l” a rticle .
The notes provided b y Saunders
are w e ll w o rth reading in and o f
themselves. T hey o ffe r an educa­
tio n a l lesson on how sha ttering the
tr u th is to the S ta lin is t version
o f history.
In addition, W o rld O u tloo k has
included an a rtic le b y Joseph H a n­
sen on the p o litic a l m eaning o f
M ike sh in ’s a rticle .
Socialists and freedom fig h te rs
in general w ill fin d th is special
n u m ber o f W o rld O utlook ab­
sorbing, in v ie w o f the m any p ro b ­
lem s o f re v o lu tio n a ry th eory and
action th a t are considered.
A copy o f the issue can be ob­
tained b y sending f i f t y cents to
W o rld O utlook, P.O. B o x 635,
M adison Sq. S tation, N ew Y o rk ,
N .Y. 10010. A subscription fo r 26
issues is $7.50.
Special to Readers
O f The Militant
Three Pamphlets
On Malcolm X
O n ly 60c
•
T w o Speeches b y M alco lm
X
•
M alc o lm X T alks to Y ou n g
People
•
M alc o lm X , T h e M a n and
H is Ideas b y George B r e it­
m an
order from
MERIT PUBLISHERS
5 East Third St.
New York, N .Y . 10003
[T h is colum n is an open fo ru m
fo r a ll view p oints on subjects o f
general in te re st to o u r readers.
Please keep y o u r letters b rie f.
W here necessary th e y w il l be
abridged. W rite rs’ in itia ls w ill be
used, names being w ith h e ld unless
a u th o riza tio n is given fo r use.]
N. Carolina S N C C Appeal
W eldon, N.C.
We are w ritin g to you — frie n d s
o f the struggle fo r hum an d ig n ity
w h o have given generously of
y o u r tim e and energy to m ake
re a l the h o llo w declarations of
freedom and e q u a lity fo r b lack
people in th is country.
M y sister and I have been w o rk ­
in g in H a lifa x C ounty, N o rth
C arolina, fo r the past several
m onths — assisting the b la c k peo­
ple o f the county in a w id e v a rie ty
o f endeavors: p o litic a l action,
school in tegration, fa ir em ploy­
m ent, equal justice.
E ffo rts to organize b la c k peo­
p le fo r p o litic a l action in H a lifa x
C o unty and fo r the a tta in m e n t of
hum an rig h ts in general, have in
the past been m et b y h ig h ly -o r­
ganized police and v ig ila n te re ­
pression. As the campaigns fo r
freedom have continued, the pow er
stru ctu re o f H a lifa x C ounty —
composed o f large p la n ta tio n ow n ­
ers and lu m b e r and te x tile -m ill
i nterests — has, g ru d g in g ly and
b itte rly , given some ground. The
resistance to constructive social
change in the county has become
somewhat m ore covert and, in
m any ways, m ore d iffic u lt w ith
w h ic h to deal.
B u t the resistance is s till there.
The K la n , the C itizens’ C ouncil
and th e John B irc h Society are
s till in H a lifa x C ounty. A n d there
is a long rough road ahead. B u t
the b lack people at the grass roots
are co n tin u in g th e ir struggle fo r
a f u ll measure o f food and a f u ll
measure o f lib e rty .
We are unsalaried c iv il-rig h ts
w orkers. F o r the past tw o months,
w e have been w ith o u t a car. We
liv e w ith a fa m ily o f 11 and have
received food and v e ry sm all
am ounts o f subsistence money
fro m people in th e com m unity. We
need m any things to continue o u r
w o rk : m im eograph paper and
stencils, a telephone, gasoline fo r
th e local people w ho c a rry us
around th e county, leaflets, a ty p e ­
w rite r. The people w h o have
housed and fed us fo r these m any
m onths cannot a ffo rd to p ro v id e us
w ith th is equipm ent.
W e w il l n o t be able to continue
o u r w o rk in H a lifa x C ounty w ith ­
o u t the aid o f people w h o care
about changing this society so th a t
e very person — a sharecropper in
T ille ry , a domestic w o rk e r in
Roanoke Rapids o r a lu m b e r w o rk ­
e r in E n fie ld — can liv e a decent
and p roductive life w ith d ig n ity
and w ith o u t fe a r o f physical and
economic reprisals.
W e ask, sim p ly and desperately,
fo r fin a n c ia l assistance. Even a
d o lla r b ill w ill mean a great deal
indeed to us. A ll co n tributio n s w ill
be acknowledged b y re tu rn m a il.
T h ey m ay be sent to:
P ro je ct & Finance O ffice, N o rth
Page Seven
T H E M IL IT A N T
M onday, N ovem ber 14, 1966
C arolina SNCC, Post O ffice B ox
461, W eldon, N . C.
We th a n k you,
Julanne and Jan Tyler
W a r Crimes Tribunal
London, England
A num ber o f misconceptions
have arisen concerning the in te r­
n a tio n a l W a r C rim es T rib u n a l on
V ietnam . As some o f these have
fo u n d th e ir w a y in to the w o rld ’s
press, I believe i t w ill be u seful to
state the situ a tio n a u th o rita tiv e ly :
1. The French G overnm ent has
made no o ve rtu re o f any k in d in ­
d icating any disappoval w hatever
concerning the choice o f P aris as
the venue fo r the p u b lic sessions
o f the in te rn a tio n a l W a r Crim es
T rib u n a l n e x t M arch. On the con­
tra ry , L o rd Russell received a le t­
te r v e ry re ce n tly fro m the French
P re sid e ntia l o ffice expressing ap­
pre cia tio n fo r L o rd Russell’s ré ­
m arks on the P resident’s speech
in P hnom Penh.
The A m erican press continues to
speculate about o ffic ia l French
disapproval, despite the fa c t th a t
the French governm ent is on rec­
o rd fo r refusing to ban the
T rib u n a l, s ta tin g th a t i t could o n ly
act in the event o f v io la tio n of
French la w . I t is m isleading to
in te rp re t these w ords as hostile to
the T rib u n a l.
2. So fa r, fro m the re p o rt a t­
trib u te d to V la d im ir D e d ija r, th a t
the T rib u n a l w o u ld be h eld in
Sweden, going undenied, D e d ija r
h im s e lf issued a d enial th a t these
w ords w ere his o r th a t th is was
true. The denial was published
w id e ly and d is trib u te d b y T a n ju n g ( the Y ugoslav Press Agency.
3. The c o n stitu tin g sessions of
the T rib u n a l w ere always planned
fo r a place o ther th a n the fo rm a l
hearings in v o lv in g witnesses, and
these sessions w ill take place in
London in the v e ry near fu tu re .
I t is a p ity th a t there should
be such confusion about the T r i­
b u n a l’s plans, b u t we m ust dis­
c la im re sp o n sib ility fo r inaccurate
and speculative stories published
in the A m erican press before
checking w ith us, and then picked
up b y the European press w ith
an equal la c k o f c o n firm a tio n . I
v e ry m uch hope th a t the welcome
in te re st o f the press in the W a r
C rim es T rib u n a l w il l express i t ­
self m ore ju d ic io u s ly , so th a t the
p u b lic m ay be co rre c tly inform ed.
Geoffrey Coggan
Press Officer
International W a r Crimes
Tribunal
Hits Fire-Bombing
N ew Y o rk , N .Y.
The da sta rd ly fire -b o m b in g of
the SW P headquarters is a fu rth e r
in d ic a tio n th a t our society is not
w e ll.
I t is th erefore m y hope th a t this
bom bing w il l n o t discourage the
SWP, b u t th a t i t w ill fu rth e r the
resolve o f th e SW P to b u ild a
h e a lth ie r society.
I t is w ith pleasure th a t I en­
close a c o n trib u tio n fo r th is p u r­
pose.
Maurice Goldman
I f y o u e n jo y re a d in g T h e M ilit a n t a n d a re in te re s te d in
w h a t th e y o u n g s o c ia lis t m o v e m e n t is th in k in g a n d d o in g ,
y o u w i l l w a n t to s u b s c rib e to A m e ric a ’s le a d in g y o u n g so­
c ia lis t m a g a zin e
THE YOUNG SOCIALIST
$1 a y e a r ( s ix issues)
Send y o u r dollar to
P.O. Box 471, Cooper Station, New York, N. Y . 10003
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--------------
A Protest
N ew Y o rk , N .Y.
I protest! As an A fro -A m e ric a n
m o th e r o f three lit tle boys, I am
absolutely outraged a t the great
A m erican society.
A fte r dehum anizing us fo r the
last tw o hundred years, th e y s till
have the u n m itig a te d g a ll to ex­
pect us to b lis s fu lly fig h t and
and fu rth e r th e ir demented chau­
v in is tic illusions (and delusions)
o f m a in ta in in g th e ir precious
w h ite w o rld .
The w hole th in g is so absolute­
ly absurd! A m erican colored fig h t­
in g A sia tic colored to perpetuate
the (w h ite ) G od-given privileges
o f the chosen people, the Cauca­
sian race.
I w onder h ow the Japanese fe lt
w hen he was confronted b y an
A m erican Negro soldier! I w onder
how the D om inican g u e rrilla s fe lt
w hen th e y w ere confronted b y the
A fro -A m e rica n soldier! I w onder
how the K orean soldier fe lt w hen
he was confronted by the A m e r­
ican Negro soldier! I w onder how
the V ie t Cong feels w hen he is
confronted by the Negro G I!
A Reader
A Spreader
San Francisco, C a lif.
U n d e r p re v a ilin g circumstances
I am — in an a tte m p t to spread
it, a lb e it th in ly — sending you
fiv e o f m y dollars, three o f w h ich
are fo r renew al fo r The M ilita n t,
and tw o fo r support o f o u r SWP
candidates. Thanks.
Thought fo r th e W eek
--------------
“ Today, h a lf the people in the w o rld are ill-fe d . H a lf the
w o rld ’s ch ild re n o f pre-school age are so undernourished th a t th e ir
physical and m e ntal g ro w th is retarded, and m o rta lity among these
c h ild re n in the underdeveloped countries is 60 tim es as great as in
m ore advanced nations.” — The N ov. 6. N ew Y o rk Times.
I am re a lly happy th a t a t long
last w e have w rite -in candidates
here on the P acific Coast. The
w a r drum s are booming, b u t hope
is ever alive th a t a wee sm all
voice m ay reach, be i t ever so
few , th e y w h o are re a lly interested
in expressing, again, a wee b it of
democracy in to th is MESS.
A.A.
The Manila Conference
M inneapolis, M in n .
The re su lt o f the M a n ila con­
ference is a peace proposal b y the
seven-nation com m ittee led b y the
U.S. to n o rth V ietnam .
T his peace proposal is an o ffe r
to p u ll out a ll troops six months
a fte r the n o rth Vietnamese begin
to w ith d ra w . We also prom ised
continued “ m ilita r y and a ll o ther
e ffo rts ” to m ake sure south V ie t­
nam w o u ld n ’t “ be conquered by
aggressive force.” South V ietnam
subscribed to the w ith d ra w a l offer,
b u t insisted on “ in te rn a tio n a l
guarantee.”
The W a ll S treet J o u rn a l o f Oct.
21, before the peace proposal, said
the purpose o f the conference is
to persuade the countries p a rtic -
ip a tin g a t the conference to f u r ­
nish troops to fig h t in V ietnam .
T his w o u ld be the beginning o f an
in te rn a tio n a l m ilita r y force fo r
V ie tn a m d u ty th a t e ve n tu a lly
w o u ld p e rm it the e xtra ctio n o f
most U.S. forces fro m com bat
there.
W hat these troops w il l do is
p a tro l the b orde r between n o rth
and south V ietnam . T h is is to
p revent the flo w o f n o rth V ie tn a m
troops to th e south.
The Jo u rn a l says th a t th is type
o f p a tro l b a rrie r has been studied
a t various tim es a t th e W h ite
House, the Pentagon and the State
D epartm ent.
H o w long does i t have to be to
stop in filtra tio n ? S hould i t ru n
w estw ard in to Laos, to c u t o ff the
paths and roads th a t m ake u p the
H o C hi M in h T ra il fu n n e lin g sup­
plies in to south V ietnam ? O r
south, dow n along the L a o tia n
border w ith south Vietnam ? W ould
its construction be w o rth the cost?
The U.S. has unsuccessfully
trie d to stop the flo w o f troops
fro m the n o rth and m y guess is
th a t the governm ent w ill continue
at any cost.
F. Adrian Luoma
It Was Reported in the Press
Reverse Play — U.S. o ffic ia ls
have com plained th a t so m any
people abroad are opposed to the
U.S. ro le in V ie tn a m because th e ir
governm ents p e rm it them to be
exposed to propaganda fro m n o rth
V ie tn a m and the lik e . N ow , U.S.
o ffic ia ls are upset about the w id e
p o p u la r opposition in Sweden to
w h a t the U.S. is doing in V ietnam .
I t goes beyond the tra d itio n a l le ftw in g circles, th e y say, w ith the
general p u b lic v ie w in g the U.S. as
the oppressor in V ietnam . They
say this is due to th e ir seeing too
m a n y U.S. te levision film s o f
bom bing and napalm ing in V ie t­
nam.
elements.” O n ly the ch ie f w ill be
p e rm itte d to read the suggestions.
The Guarantor — D a vid Rock­
e fe lle r, L a tin A m e rica ’s frie n d at
Chase M anhattan,
says L a tin
A m e rica m ust guarantee p riv a te
investm ent i f i t w ants to prosper.
W e always thought L B J and his
M arines w ere the guarantor.
More Evidence — I t m ay pos­
s ib ly bolster the n e urotic suspi­
cions o f those w ho th in k this
colum n is w aging a campaign
against cigarettes, b u t we w ish to
re p o rt th a t radioactive fa llo u t on
tobacco leaves has been added to
the lis t o f possible causes o f lu n g
cancer. U n iv e rs ity o f W isconsin re ­
searchers re p o rt th a t tobacco ex-
Xmas in America —
S treet Jo u rn a l reports:
Y o rk concern offers a
ce rtific a te redeemable
bugging’ devices against
eavesdroppers hidden in
The W all
“ A N ew
$500 g ift
in ‘a n tielectronic
offices.”
Note to New Yorkers — I f you’re
tire d o f g e ttin g h it w ith w hopping
Con Edison b ills and don’t m in d
liv in g in M anhattan, you can get
gas and electric free b y re n tin g the
penthouse at the C arlton Regency.
T h e y’l l p ro b a b ly p a in t, too. $2,000
a m onth.
B ird Watchers — A teacher in
R iverdale, N .Y., asked h e r ele­
m e n ta ry school class to name the
n a tio n a l b ird . A c h ild answered,
“ M rs. Johnson.”
In Pioneering America — In ­
door fis h in g is in v a d in g the great
outdoors. Resort owners on sev­
eral Oklahom a lakes o ffe r enclosed
docks, a ir-co n d itio n e d in the sum ­
m e r and heated in the w in te r fo r
c o m fo rt-lo v in g anglers. They fish
through holes in the flo o r.
Drop Dead Box — The south
Vietnamese press announced th a t
the Saigon c h ie f o f police has in ­
stalled a suggestion box at the
Post O ffice so citizens can “ fo il
d a rk schemes fro m subversive
Stewing in Own Juice — The
F lo rid a B oard of H e a lth is ta kin g
co u rt action to stop p o llu tio n o f
the state’s lakes and streams b y
the c itru s in d u stry. A n in ju n c tio n
is being sought against one com­
bine th a t pum ps huge amounts of
c itru s waste in to Lake Opaka. Ten
years ago, the lake was crystal
clear and a fa v o rite fis h in g area.
Today lig h t w ill penetrate no m ore
than a fo o t and the surface is
blanketed w ith a th ic k “ bloom ” o f
m icroscopic organisms. V ir tu a lly
a ll fis h life is gone.
posed to ra in contains a t least a
hundred tim es as m uch rad io active
polonium -210 as leaves protected
fro m rain.
C lear As M in k — B oris Salomon,
president o f the F u r T ra d e r’s As­
sociation o f P aris, says h is shop
w ill be o ffe rin g “ coats m ade o f
f u r ra th e r th a n f u r coats.” H e
asks: “ U nderstand the d iffe r­
ence?”
Florida Victory — The F lo rid a
S ocialist U nion has w on campus
recognition a t the U n iv e rs ity o f
F lo rid a in G ainesville. W hen the
group fir s t applied as th e U n iv e r­
s ity o f F lo rid a S ocialist U nion, th e y
w ere to ld th e y m ig h t n o t be rec­
ognized because th e name m ig h t
lead people to th in k i t was a
spokesman fo r a d m in istra tio n p o li­
cy. A n o th e r o ffic ia l said i t prob­
ably w o u ld n ’t be recognized be­
cause its aims d id n ’t coincide w ith
those o f the a d m in istra tio n . A n y ­
w ay, the S ocialist U nion w on.
— H a rry Ring
FOR
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Page E ig h t
THE MILITANT
M onday, N ovem ber 14, 1966
U. S. Escalation Plans Fort Hood Three
Revealed by Pentagon
Three days before the elections,
standing beside L y n d o n Johnson
Who was resting up in his Texas
ranch (Johnson C ity, Texas) fo r
a new round o f operations, D e­
fense Secretary R obert M cN am ara
announced th a t U.S. troop co m m it­
m ent to V ietna m w o u ld g ro w at
a slow er rate in 1967 than i t had
th is year, and trie d to im p ly th a t
there w o u ld be no escalation.
I t was an unusual announce­
m ent in one respect: There was
n o th in g in the papers the same
day th a t d ire c tly contradicted it.
T here u su ally is. T h a t was the
case, you rem em ber, w hen John­
son talke d about stopping the
bom bing o f n o rth V ie tn a m last
m onth on the same day M cN am ara
announced a 30 percent increase
in Pentagon orders fo r bombers
(see The M ilita n t, Oct. 3 ).
T his tim e, you had to lo o k back
tw o w hole days in th e New Y o rk
Tim es to see w h a t W ashington was
a ctu a lly up to. I t was contained in
a re p o rt fro m W ashington b y W il­
lia m Beecher, Nov. 4: A ccording
to Beecher, “ [P entagon] planners
are d ra ftin g b lu e p rin ts fo r an in ­
te n sifica tio n o f the bom bing o f
n o rth V ietnam .
“ T he Pentagon expects an a f­
firm a tiv e decision b y the President
fo r a step-up.” The Pentagon even
specified w h a t the targets w ill be:
“ The focus o f the new assault, i t
w as reported, w o u ld be ra ilro a d
ju n ctio n s and fre ig h t yards, pow er
p lants and defense factories, p a r­
tic u la rly in the v ic in ity o f H anoi.”
T h a t was the day a fte r Johnson
got back fro m his F a r East “ peace
to u r.” W h ile he was s till there,
there was another im p o rta n t step
in the deadly escalation o f the U.S.
a ttack on V ietnam . U.S. N avy ships
shelled the n o rth Vietnamese coast
fo r the fir s t tim e, Nov. 2. The same
day, th e U.S. fle w one o f its
heaviest bom bing attacks on the
n o rth in the course o f the w ar.
Johnson and his A sian puppets
w ere cooking up a drastic new es­
calation o f the w a r in th e M a n ila
Conviction
Is Upheld by Army General
su m m it m eeting, and everyone in
the w o rld know s it. Even the
A m e rica n press was v irtu a lly
unanim ous in discounting John­
son’s “ peace” gestures. The New
Y o rk Tim es e d ito ria lize d N ov. 3:
“ The prospects are fo r a lo n g and
escalated w a r.”
A courageous answ er to the
M a n ila to u r came N ov. 2 in a jo in t
appeal fro m th e governm ents of
Cuba and the D em ocratic Peoples
R epublic o f K orea to a ll the w o rk ­
ers states to send “ an in te rn a tio n a l
force” to aid th e D em ocratic Re­
p u b lic o f V ie tn a m and the south
Vietnamese freedom fighters.
The tw o countries said th e y were
ready to send volunteers to fig h t
in V ie tn a m as soon as the V ie t­
namese people gave the w o rld .
Th e y s tr e s s e d
the need to
strengthen the “ u n ity o f the Com­
m u n ist w o rld on the basis o f the
independence o f the d iffe re n t p a r­
ties.”
“ I f there is no struggle, there
is no progress.” — Frederick Doug­
lass.
NOV. 8 — Yesterday afternoon,
L t. General W illia m T ra in , com­
m anding o ffic e r o f the U.S. F irs t
A rm y , a ffirm e d the convictions
and sentences o f the F o rt Hood
Three. T h is m o rn in g at 8 a.m., the
three heroic a n tiw a r fig h te rs were
tra n sfe rre d to F o rt L eavenw orth
P rison. P fc. James Johnson and
P vt. D a v id Samas w ill serve fiv e
years at hard la b o r there. P vt.
Dennis M ora w ill serve three
years.
I t had been hoped th a t since
th e y had a ll been convicted o f the
same th in g , th a t the re v ie w in g o f­
fic e r w o u ld at the v e ry least re ­
duce Johnson’s and Samas’ term s
to the three years given M ora.
Stanley F a u lkn e r, a tto rn e y fo r
the three GIs, said today th a t there
w ill be “ a vigorous appeal” to the
A rm y B oard o f M ilita r y R eview in
W ashington fo r complete reversal
o f the convictions.
The three servicemen had been
ille g a lly arrested b y th e A rm y
a fte r th e y to ld a news conference
last June th a t th e y w o u ld seek a
c o u rt in ju n c tio n against being sent
to fig h t in “ an ille g a l, im m o ra l and
u n ju s t w a r” being waged b y the
U.S. in V ietnam .
A fte r th e ir arrest, w h ile th e ir
c iv il-c o u rt action (w h ic h is s till
in the appeal stage) was pending,
th e y w ere ordered aboard a spe­
c ia l plane fo r V ietnam . W hen they
refused to board the plane they
w ere im m e d ia te ly arrested. I t was
made clear th a t the Pentagon i t ­
self was determ ined to m ake an
exam ple fo r the m any o ther serv­
icemen w h o w a n t no p a rt o f this
w ar.
A fte r th e ir conviction, the three
w ere h eld a t F o rt Meade, Md.,
w here they were subjected to the
most cru e l punishm ent. T hey w e re
forced to stand fro m m o rn in g u n til
n ig h t in th e ir cells and w ere de­
p riv e d o f exercise and reading
m atter.
Photo by Finer
D E M A N D F R E E D O M F O R F O R T H O O D T H R E E . N e w Y o rk youth
groups picketed N e w Y o r k Selective S ervice B oard N ov. 4 de­
m an d in g freedom fo r F o rt H ood T h ree. A bo u t 150 w e re on line.
Seventeen staged s it-in at board and w ere arrested. T h e y w ere
fre e d on b a il. Sponsoring organizations included th e W .E .B . D u ­
Bois Clubs, Y ou n g Socialist A llia n c e , Y o u th A gainst W a r and
Fascism, and o th er student and a n tiw a r groups.
T hey w ere held in so lita ry con­
fin e m ent fo r various periods. W hen
p u b lic protest w o uld b u ild up,
th e y w ou ld be assigned to q uar­
ters w ith oth e r prisoners. Then,
la te r, they w o u ld be p u t back in
so litary. One o f the young men
said he had been to ld b y the o f­
fic e r in charge o f the stockade
th a t th e y w o u ld get th is treatm ent
as long as p u b lic ity about the case
continued.
I f the appeal to the B oard of
M ilita r y R eview is n o t successful,
the case w ill be carried to the
M ilita r y C o u rt o f Appeals, a th reeman panel o f federal, c iv ilia n
judges. I f th a t is unsuccessful, M r.
F a u lkn e r w ill a tte m p t to get the
case before the U.S. Supreme
C ourt.
The three young men made th e ir
decision to refuse to go to V ie t­
nam n o t s im p ly as a m a tte r of
in d iv id u a l conscience, b u t because
they w ere convinced th a t the
U.S. w a r should not be supported.
They w ere determ ined to in flu ­
ence th e th in k in g o f oth e r G Is b y
th e ir stand.
Housewives Take on Food Monopolies
B y E d S m ith
One im p o rta n t accom plishm ent
th a t housewives have already
made in th e ir na tio n a l cam paign
against superm arket food chains
i s to p u t the food in d u s try on the
defensive. A ll over the country,
everyone in the chain o f control,
fro m superm arket managers to
top food executives, is appearing
on ra d io and T V stations to ex­
p la in w h y “ i t isn’t m y fa u lt.”
The leading superm arket-m onop o ly spokesman appears to be
Clarence G. A d am y, president o f
th e N a tio n al A ssociation o f Food
Chains. “ No m a tte r how m uch the
housew ife protests,” A d a m y re ­
ce n tly to ld the N ew Y o rk W o rld
jo u rn a l T rib u n e , “ food prices w ill
continue th e ir u p w a rd sp ira l in
the com ing m onths.”
A d a m y based th is arro g a nt as­
sertion on tw o arguments. F o r one
th in g , he claim s, food stores have
lit t le co n tro l over food prices, a l­
leging th a t th e y are re a lly deter­
m ined on the farm s. A n d fo r an­
oth e r th in g , according to A dam y,
superm arkets w o rk on such a
sm all p ro fit m a rg in th a t th e y re a l­
ly can’t a ffo rd to lo w e r prices
even one or tw o cents on the d o l­
la r because th a t w ill w ip e a ll
th e ir income.
“ There is no room fo r re ta il
price reductions,” A d a m y to ld a
W ashington m eeting Oct. 31, “ be­
cause food chains, on th e average,
earn o n ly 1.3 cents p r o fit on each
d o lla r o f sales.” These tw o argu­
ments have become the hard core
o f the superm arkets’ answer to the
p icke tin g housewives.
A s fa n ta stic as th e y m ay sound
a t fir s t hearing, th e y should s till
be answered, because an effe ctive
re p ly on the p a rt o f the house­
w ive s’ committees w ill p u t the food
chains in an even w eaker position.
The fir s t and most obvious answer
to both superm arket argum ents is
“ i f th a t’s so, prove it.” “ Open the
food corporation books and show
us y o u r facts and figures.”
Open Books
A cco rd in g to th e ir f ir s t lin e of
argum ent, the corporations should
be able to show the prices, paid to
farm ers, to d is trib u to rs , to a ll the
m iddlem en th e y c la im e xist and
then the fin a l prices th e y pay—
and the fin a l prices th e y charge.
The fa c t th a t the corporations
haven’t already done th is casts
doubt on th e v a lid ity o f th e ir a r­
guments and i t ’s easy to guess
w h y.
M a n y food companies ow n the
food fro m the ground a ll the w a y
up to the re ta il counter. T hey ow n
o r lease the farm s on w h ic h i t is
grow n, th e y manage the collec­
tio n , packaging, fre ig h tin g and
every other in term ediate stage.
This is p a rtic u la rly tru e in the
frozen foods in d u s try . They are
the growers, wholesalers and re ­
ta ile rs a ll in one. W here they do
happen to b u y fro m sm all farm ers,
an e xa m ination o f th e ir books
w o u ld show th a t th e y gouge the
farm ers ju s t lik e th e y do the u r ­
ban consumers.
There is another im p o rta n t fa c t
th a t opening the books w o u ld u n ­
cover, nam ely the p rice d iffe r­
ences between d iffe re n t areas. I t
is w e ll kn o w n th a t food prices in
big c ity slums are h ig h e r than
in the rest o f the c ity . T h a t fa c t
was a dm itted b y a L a b o r D e p t.
study reported in the N ov. 5 New
Y o rk Times:
“ The poor paid m ore fo r food . . .
Prices are higher, meats and vege­
tables are less fresh and condi­
tions o f cleanliness are w orse in
sm all neighborhood food stores.”
K now ledge o f price d iffe re n tia ­
tio n is p a rtic u la rly im p o rta n t to
the housewives’ comm ittees at th is
tim e because i t m ay be one o f the
ways superm arkets w ill fig h t the
boycott m ovem ent. I f th e y lo w e r
prices in one area, th e y w il l raise
th e m in another.
Opening th e books w o u ld also
c le a rly answer the food corpora­
tions’ second lin e o f argum ent,
nam ely th a t th e ir p ro fits are o n ly
about one percent. Even w ith o u t
lo o kin g a t the books, w e can be
absolutely ce rta in th a t th is argumetfc is to ta lly phony. I f c a p ita l­
ists o n ly made one percent on
th e ir p ro fits in the food in d u stry,
the sim ple fa c t o f the m a tte r is
th e y w o u ld n ’t invest in it.
The p r o fit ra te on investm ent
th ro u g h o u t the c o u n try is over
ten percent, and the w hole food
in d u s try w o u ld collapse to m o rro w
i f i t d id n ’t prom ise fin anciers close
to th a t am ount o f p ro fit. A nd, of
course, the food in d u s try does
m ake th a t am ount o f p ro fit. A c ­
cording to the Q u a rte rly F in a n cia l
R eport fo r M a n u fa ctu rin g C or­
porations published b y the F ed­
e ra l T rade Commission, the food
in d u s try averaged exactly a 10
percent annual p r o fit ra te in the
fir s t q u a rte r o f 1966.
P rofit Distortion
A d a m y’s 1.3 per cent fig u re ap­
pears to be as contrive d as John­
son’s “ w age-price guideline.” W hat
i t p rob ably refers to is th e aver­
age p r o fit on each sale, w h ic h is
n o t the same th in g as th e average
annual p ro fit. Even so, i t is a
preposterous claim . I t is obviously
n o t based on the o rig in a l cost of
the product to the food chain,
w h ich in m any cases w o u ld go
rig h t back to the cost o f p la n tin g
the seeds; b u t i t is based on some
phony wholesale price a t w h ich
the corporation has — sold the
p ro d uct to its e lf.
Opening the books w o u ld be an
im p o rta n t gain fo r trade unions
as w e ll as th e housewives’ com­
m ittees. Corporations and the gov­
ernm ent use the same kinds of
hoaxes w hen th e y are arguing
against wage increases th a t they
use in th e ir defense against the
housewives’ committees. F u rth e r­
more, trade unions have a d d ition a l
good reasons w h y they should be
su p portin g the food-p rice battle
across the country.
One o f th e things w h ic h could
grow o u t o f the housewives’ m ove­
m ent is comm ittees to police
prices.
Such
com m ittees
are
needed because o f the distortions
w h ich occur in go ve rn m en t-fixe d
consumer price indices. Instead o f
basing the consumer price in d e x
on the goods w h ich m ost fam ilie s
a ctu a lly need and on the actual
prices w h ic h th e y pay, the gov­
ernm ent price in d e x is based on
an a rb itra ry selection o f goods,
and prices are determ ined through
a survey o f m anufacturers.
C onsum er-price
c o m m itte e s
w o uld be a valuable aid to the
tra d e -u n io n
m ovem ent in
its
struggle fo r escalator clauses. They
w o uld p rovide a le g itim a te method
o f c o s t-o f-liv in g calcula tion on an
accurate basis. F u rthe rm ore, trade
unions could better p ro vid e both
the funds and personnel needed to
b u ild such com m ittees; and the
a d d ition o f the trade-unions to the
boycott m ovem ent w o u ld help to
nationalize i t in scope.
Clarence A d a m y’s contention
th a t food prices w ill keep going
up no m a tte r w h a t housewives do
is ju s t p la in c a p ita list arrogance.
Housewives can m ake the going
p le n ty tough fo r food chains b y
themselves. A rm ed w ith th e de­
mands fo r open books, consum erprice comm ittees and aided b y
the trade unions, th ey w o u ld p ro ­
vide an e ffective counter a ttack
on the w hole p ro fit system.